CN111527850B

CN111527850B - Fertilizer applying, disease preventing and cultivating method for greenhouse watermelon

Info

Publication number: CN111527850B
Application number: CN202010376271.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 占红木; 张顺昌; 胡丽鹏; 徐继根; 任齐松; 徐梦晨; 帅松岳
Original assignee: Taizhou Tainong Melon Industry Co ltd
Current assignee: Taizhou Tainong Melon Industry Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-06
Filing date: 2020-05-06
Publication date: 2021-08-27
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-06
Also published as: CN111527850A

Abstract

The application relates to the field of watermelon planting, in particular to a greenhouse watermelon fertilizing, disease preventing and cultivating method. The cultivation method comprises the steps of applying fertilizer by adopting a scientific fertilizer application method and preventing diseases by adopting a scientific disease prevention method in each period of greenhouse watermelon cultivation, so that the problems of excessive growth of watermelon vines, deformed melons and cracked melons and low commodity fruit rate are solved, the use of chemical pesticides is reduced, and the pesticide residue is reduced. The method combines the characteristics of nutrient element requirements of greenhouse watermelons at different periods, strictly controls nitrogen by additionally applying microbial fertilizers and selecting controlled release fertilizers, scientifically supplements medium trace elements and small molecular organic matters such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc and the like, reduces the dosage of chemical compound fertilizers by 30%, prevents the conditions of excessive growth of watermelon vines, cracking of crooked watermelons and the like in a conventional planting mode, improves the commodity fruit rate by more than 15%, and averagely increases the central sugar degree by more than 1%.

Description

Fertilizer applying, disease preventing and cultivating method for greenhouse watermelon

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of watermelon planting, in particular to a greenhouse watermelon fertilizing, disease preventing and cultivating method.

Background

Watermelon is a cucurbitaceae crop, is native to africa, and has developed placenta as a main edible part. The watermelon has smooth rind, is green or yellow and has patterns; the fruit pulp is red or yellow, sweet and succulent, refreshing, thirst quenching, contains abundant sucrose, glucose, fructose, iron, calcium, and other essential nutrients, and is free of fat and cholesterol, and has effects of lowering blood pressure and eliminating kidney inflammation. The watermelon can be cultivated in the open air or in a greenhouse. Wherein, the greenhouse watermelon can be put on the market early, better economic benefit is obtained, and the planting area tends to expand year by year.

The greenhouse watermelon cultivation method is characterized in that under a specific environmental condition, the temperature is high, the humidity is high, and the greenhouse watermelon cultivation method is particularly suitable for the occurrence of diseases. Therefore, various chemical pesticides need to be sprayed in the cultivation process, and the pesticide residue risk of the watermelons can be greatly increased.

The problems of great fertilization blindness, improper fertilization amount, unreasonable nitrogen phosphorus potassium proportion and the like still exist in the current watermelon cultivation. The problems affect the yield and the quality of the watermelon, and easily cause the problems of excessive growth of watermelon vine, deformed watermelon, more cracked watermelon and low commodity fruit rate.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the embodiment of the application is to provide a greenhouse watermelon fertilizing, disease preventing and cultivating method, which aims to solve the problems that the existing greenhouse watermelon is easy to grow in vain, has deformed watermelon and more split watermelon, and is low in commodity and fruit rate.

In a first aspect, the application provides a greenhouse watermelon fertilizing method, which comprises the following steps:

applying a base fertilizer: applying 450-550 kg of microbial fertilizer, 15-25 kg of controlled release fertilizer, 8-12 kg of magnesium fertilizer and 380-420 g of boron per mu;

transplanting and rooting: watering and applying root fixing water twice; the first rooting water comprises livingsheng 450-550 times of liquid; the secondary root fixing water comprises 800-1200 times of livingsheng liquid, 350-450 times of livinisine liquid and 150-250 times of farmlands-rich liquid;

seedling revival and topping period: spraying 450-550 times of liwei Ge liquid, 450-550 times of concentrated Dile liquid and 800-1200 times of liwei Huabao diluted liquid on leaf surfaces;

pruning and vine fixing periods: spraying 550-650 times of livid dilution liquid and 750-850 times of livid and Youguo dilution liquid on leaf surfaces;

before pollination: dripping 3-5 jin of liweixin per mu, spraying 550-650 times of liweige diluted solution on leaf surfaces, and 1800-2200 times of liweipo diluted solution;

7 days after pollination: dripping 5-7 jin of Liweixin per mu;

fruit expansion period: spraying Livyger diluted 550-650 times solution on leaf surfaces; and 7-9 jin of milfoil and 1.5-2.5 jin of beautiful vigor are used for drip irrigation per mu.

According to the fertilizing method, the controlled-release fertilizer is added into the base fertilizer, so that controlled application and accurate release can be realized, the whole-course nutrient requirement of the watermelon is guaranteed, and excessive nitrogen release in the early stage is avoided, so that the watermelon vine grows too much. This fertilization scheme is through combining the different demands of watermelon different periods, in different periods, applys different fertilizers, has not only improved current big-arch shelter watermelon effectively and has appeared that the melon vine is spindly long, the deformed melon, split melon many, the problem that commodity fruit rate is low easily. Because of the adoption of the amino acid-containing fertilizers such as Livge, the sugar degree, the fruit flavor and the fruit quality of the watermelon are obviously improved. By adopting the method, 2 tons of watermelons are produced per mu, about 4.4 kilograms of pure nitrogen, about 2.3 kilograms of phosphorus pentoxide and about 6.64 kilograms of potassium oxide are applied per mu. And 6 kg of pure nitrogen, 6 kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 7.5 kg of potassium oxide need to be applied to conventional farmers. Therefore, by adopting the method, the use of chemical fertilizers can be greatly reduced, and the pure nitrogen is reduced by 27%; the phosphorus pentoxide is reduced by 61%; the reduction of potassium oxide was 11%.

In a second aspect, the application provides a disease prevention method for greenhouse watermelons, comprising the following steps:

cultivating disease-free strong seedling stage: spraying a pleckstrin water aqua and a mixed solution of 700-900 times of liwei simple dilution and 400-600 times of yiwei dilution;

transplanting and rooting: spraying a mixed solution of 700-900 times of liwei simple dilution and 400-600 times of yiwei dilution;

seedling revival and topping period: spraying a mixed solution of 700-900 times of liwei simple dilution and 400-600 times of yiwei dilution;

pruning and vine fixing periods: spraying a mixed solution of 750-850 times of liwei simple dilution and 900-1100 times of yiwei dilution;

before pollination: throwing 400-600 ladybug enemies per mu; spraying a mixed solution of 600-700 times of liwei simple dilution and 450-550 times of yiwei dilution;

fruit expansion period: spraying mixed liquid of 600-700 times of liwei simple dilution and 450-550 times of yiwei dilution.

The disease prevention method establishes key breeding nodes, and carries out disease and pest prevention and control management in key breeding nodes, thereby increasing the nutrition scheme of watermelon immunity and the scheme of harmonia axyridis for preventing cotton aphids, effectively preventing and controlling pests, enhancing the disease resistance in the early stage of watermelon seedlings, and ensuring the survival rate of subsequent watermelon seedlings.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a method for cultivating greenhouse watermelons, comprising:

in each period of greenhouse watermelon cultivation, the greenhouse watermelon fertilization method is adopted for fertilization; the disease prevention method for greenhouse watermelons of 8-9 is adopted for disease prevention;

optionally, seeds of greenhouse watermelon are selected from super-early-maturing varieties

Optionally, after cleaning, soaking the seeds in warm water at 54-56 ℃ for 5.5-6.5 h, and then placing the seeds in a constant temperature environment at 25-30 ℃ for accelerating germination for 36-48 h.

The cultivation method comprises the steps of applying fertilizer by adopting a scientific fertilizer application method and preventing diseases by adopting a scientific disease prevention method in each period of greenhouse watermelon cultivation, so that the problems of excessive growth of watermelon vines, deformed melons and cracked melons and low commodity fruit rate are solved, the use of chemical pesticides is reduced, and the pesticide residue is reduced. The method combines the characteristics of nutrient element requirements of greenhouse watermelons at different periods, strictly controls nitrogen by additionally applying microbial fertilizers and selecting controlled release fertilizers, scientifically supplements medium trace elements and small molecular organic matters such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc and the like, reduces the dosage of chemical compound fertilizers by 30%, prevents the conditions of excessive growth of watermelon vines, cracking of crooked watermelons and the like in a conventional planting mode, improves the commodity fruit rate by more than 15%, and averagely increases the central sugar degree by more than 1%.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a graph of the release profile of a Deleford fertilizer used in the examples of the present application.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.

Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

The inventor finds that the watermelon has luxuriant branches and tendrils, rapid growth and large fertilizer demand, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are absorbed in the whole growth period, namely the potassium is the most, the nitrogen is the next lowest and the phosphorus is the least. The inventor analyzes the requirements of greenhouse watermelons on various nutrient elements in the growth process: production of l000kg watermelon absorbs N2.47 kg, P0.89kg, K3.02kg, N: p₂O₅：K₂O is 1: 0.4: 1.5. the percentage of N, P, K absorbed in each growth period to the total absorption is 0.02% in the germination period, 0.46% in the seedling period, l 5.59% in the tendril extraction period, l 0.48% in the unhairing period, 63.05% in the fruit expansion period and l 0.39% in the maturation period. The fertilizer is characterized by less fertilizer absorption in the early stage, more fertilizer absorption in the middle and later stages and less fertilizer absorption in the later stages. The watermelon absorbs more N and less P, K in the early growth stage, the proportion of P, K is gradually increased along with the growth process, and the absorption amount of K exceeds N.

Based on the technical scheme, the cultivation method of the greenhouse watermelons comprises the steps of applying fertilizer by a scientific fertilizing method and preventing diseases by a scientific disease preventing method in each period of greenhouse watermelons cultivation, so that the problems of excessive growth of watermelon vines, deformed watermelons, more cracked watermelons and low commodity rate are solved, the use of chemical pesticides is reduced, and pesticide residues are reduced. The method combines the characteristics of nutrient element requirements of greenhouse watermelons at different periods, strictly controls nitrogen by additionally applying microbial fertilizers and selecting controlled release fertilizers, scientifically supplements medium trace elements and small molecular organic matters such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc and the like, reduces the dosage of chemical compound fertilizers by 30%, prevents the conditions of excessive growth of watermelon vines, cracking of crooked watermelons and the like in a conventional planting mode, improves the commodity fruit rate by more than 15%, and averagely increases the central sugar degree by more than 1%.

Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the seeds of greenhouse watermelons are selected from the very early maturing variety

Very early maturing variety

Is a very early maturing variety with strong disease resistance, and can resist watermelon fusarium wilt and anthracnose. Compared with the current common greenhouse watermelon seeds 8424, the watermelon seeds have stronger disease resistance and are not easy to produce inferior fruits.

Further, after the seeds are cleaned, soaking the seeds for 5.5-6.5 hours by using warm water at 54-56 ℃, then placing the seeds in a constant temperature environment at 25-30 ℃ for accelerating germination for 36-48 hours. Seeds are soaked for 5.5-6.5 hours by warm water at 54-56 ℃, so that the effect of disinfecting the seeds can be achieved, and the virus transmission by the seeds can be inactivated.

Further, after the seeds are cleaned, soaking the seeds for 6 hours by using warm water at 55 ℃, and then placing the seeds in a constant temperature environment at 25-30 ℃ for accelerating germination for 36-48 hours.

Under the conditions of temperature and time, the watermelon seeds can be effectively germinated.

In some embodiments of the present application, there is provided a greenhouse watermelon fertilizing method, comprising:

s1, base fertilizer application: 450-550 kg of microbial fertilizer, 15-25 kg of controlled release fertilizer, 8-12 kg of magnesium fertilizer and 380-420 g of boron fertility.

According to the fertilizing method, the controlled release fertilizer is added into the base fertilizer, so that the requirements of greenhouse watermelons on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are basically met. The controlled release fertilizer can be controlled to be applied and accurately released, and the whole-course nutrient requirement of the watermelon is ensured. The fertilization scheme meets the requirements of the watermelon on a nitrogenous fertilizer and a phosphate fertilizer in the early stage and the requirements of the watermelon on a potash fertilizer in the later stage, wherein the potash fertilizer is supplemented through the miler extraction in the later stage.

The conventional method in the field is to adopt chemical fertilizers as base fertilizers. For example: 10-20 kg of compound fertilizer for Norway Yaran (15-15-15) or residents (16-16-16); and 10 kg of calcium ammonium nitrate and 10 kg of potassium magnesium sulfate. However, chemical fertilizers dissolve quickly and generally dissolve completely within 20 days after application to the soil. Too fast fertilizer dissolution leads to more nitrogen fertilizer release in the early stage, and too much nitrogen absorption in the early stage of watermelon growth leads to excessive growth of watermelon vines and difficulty in absorption of watermelon to other nutrients, so that the disease resistance of plants is reduced, and the plants are easily infected by various diseases. In order to control diseases, large amounts of chemical pesticides are often used, which in turn leads to increased pesticide residues. This application is through using controlled release fertilizer in the base fertilizer, has avoided early nitrogen release too fast, can be according to the growth needs of greenhouse watermelon in the different periods, and the release amount of accurate control nitrogen evenly satisfies the watermelon to the demand of nitrogen, and prevention melon vine is bare-grown, improves the fruit setting rate.

The magnesium fertilizer can be common commassicacid in the current market.

In some embodiments of the present application, the controlled release fertilizer is a dedefur controlled release fertilizer (18-9-18). The controlled release fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer for greenhouse watermelons, the fertilizer release curve of the controlled release fertilizer is shown in the attached figure 1 of the specification, and the nitrogen fertilizer can be uniformly released by using the controlled release fertilizer as can be seen from the attached figure 1. Especially, the early-stage release is slow, so that the excessive growth of the melon vine can be effectively avoided, and the fruit setting rate is favorably improved.

S2, transplanting and rooting: watering and applying root fixing water twice; the first rooting water comprises livevong 450-550 times of liquid. The secondary root fixing water comprises 800-1200 times of livingsheng, 350-450 times of livinisine and 150-250 times of farmlands-rich liquid.

Further optionally, transplanting is carried out at the interval of 40cm per plant during transplanting, 400 seedlings are transplanted per mu, and root fixing water is timely watered thoroughly. The first rooting water is applied plant by plant during transplanting, and each plant is applied with 240-260 ml of water; and the second rooting water is applied plant by plant after 7-10 days, wherein 500 ml of water is applied to each plant to promote growth. Optionally, a small arched shed is covered after field planting, so that the temperature in the shed can be increased to promote the growth of the melon seedlings.

Livewosheng mainly comprises: 16% of organic carbon, 1% of lignosulfonic acid chelated iron, 0.7% of manganese, 0.3% of zinc, 0.1% of copper and 0.02% of water-soluble molybdenum. Livevosheng is prepared by compounding lateral root promoting peptide, root hair promoting peptide and lignosulfonic acid chelated trace elements. Traditional farmers generally use compound fertilizer (15-15-15) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to irrigate root-fixing water. Compared with the conventional method in the field, the livingwort raw liquid is used as root fixing water, so that on one hand, the fertilizer and water are saved (1L of water is needed to be applied to uniform seedlings by farmers, and only about 1/3 of fertilizer water root systems can absorb the water, so that the waste is relatively high); on the other hand, the Liweiwo fertilizer is applied accurately, so that the watermelon grows faster, grows better and is more resistant to stress.

S3, seedling revival and topping period: spraying 450-550 times of liwei Ge liquid, 450-550 times of concentrated Dile liquid and 800-1200 times of liwei Huabao diluted liquid on leaf surfaces.

Further optionally, in the seedling-recovering and top-pruning period, spraying 450-550 times of livwei ge and 450-550 times of concentrated droplete on the leaf surfaces, namely spraying in the seedling-recovering period;

in the seedling recovering period, the root system of the melon seedlings is weak, and the energy can be supplemented by spraying the beautiful grid and the thick drip music on the leaf surfaces timely, so that the adverse factor influence such as low temperature and weak light can be prevented (particularly, the plant growth can be quickly recovered when the soil humidity is large to wet the roots).

Dihydrole is seaweed extract, and has effects of stimulating seed germination and promoting root growth at low temperature. It includes: organic matter is more than or equal to 20g/L, P₂O₅+K₂O is more than or equal to 90g/L, B is 4g/L-10 g/L; natural auxin: cytokinin 350: 1.

Liviger is soybean enzyme hydrolysis concentrate, has the root promoting, can alleviate and transplant emergent, and it includes: organic matter: 350g/L, organic nitrogen: 5%, plant amino acids and small peptides: 310 g/L.

The liwei Huabao diluted 800-1200 times liquid is sprayed on the day of topping to promote flower bud differentiation, and topping is carried out when the main vines grow to 3-5 pieces.

According to the mass fraction, the Liweihuabao mainly comprises: (Zn is more than or equal to 6.5 percent, B is more than or equal to 5 percent, and Fe is more than or equal to 0.5 percent). As the main vine grows to 3-5 leaves and is in the differentiation period of the female flowers at the fruit nodes of the lateral vines after topping, the boron and zinc supplementation can promote the flower bud differentiation.

The conventional practice in the field is as follows: and (5) spraying a chemical fertilizer. The traditional farmers spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate or high-phosphorus macroelement water soluble fertilizer. Compared with the conventional method in the field, the fertilizing method for seedling revival and topping reduces the use of chemical fertilizers on one hand, and supplements amino acids and plant endogenous hormone nutrition on the other hand, thereby accelerating the seedling revival speed in the seedling stage, enhancing the stress resistance and ensuring that the plants are less prone to disease attack.

S4, pruning and vine fixing period: spraying 550-650 times of livid dilution liquid and 750-850 times of livid and Youguo dilution liquid on leaf surfaces.

Further, in the pruning and vine fixing period, a Livyger dilution 550-650 times and a Livyger excellent fruit dilution 750-850 times are sprayed on the day of pruning and vine fixing, and the pruning and vine fixing is carried out when the lateral vines grow to 4-6 main leaves after topping; alternatively, 3 vine pruning is used, with the main vine removed leaving 3 lateral vines, while the excess vines are removed.

The above Liweiyou: the main components comprise 3 wt% of soybean enzymolysis concentrated solution with Ca more than or equal to 150 g/L. The plant-derived amino acid complex calcium is high in pure calcium content, does not contain inorganic nitrogen, contains a unique auxiliary agent, is easy to absorb after being sprayed on leaf surfaces, can prevent diseases, and can supplement calcium to reduce physiological tendrils.

Both the livid and livid fruits contain amino acids, and the sugar degree and the fruit flavor of the watermelon can be effectively improved.

The conventional practice in the field is as follows: and (5) spraying a chemical fertilizer. Traditional farmers spray calcium ammonium nitrate or urea. According to the application of the fertilizer in the pruning and tendril setting periods, on one hand, chemical fertilizers are reduced, on the other hand, amino acid and calcium nutrition are supplemented, the thickness of leaves is increased, the photosynthetic efficiency is improved, the watermelon growth is promoted to be healthier, and diseases are less prone to occurring.

S5, before pollination: dripping 3-5 jin of liweixin per mu, spraying 550-650 times of liweige diluted solution on leaf surfaces, and spraying 1800-2200 times of liweipo diluted solution.

Further, prior to pollination: when 5-7 leaves are planted on the lateral tendrils, the drip irrigation time is 8-10 minutes when the Liweixin drip irrigation is carried out.

After pruning and vine fixing are carried out until pollination, the condition that fruits cannot be planted on the excessive melon vines is easy to occur, the per-mu yield of the watermelons is seriously influenced, the temperature management of the greenhouse is required to be paid attention to, the temperature is not required to be kept at 30-32 ℃ in the daytime, the temperature is not required to be kept at 13-15 ℃ at night, and the temperature in the greenhouse can be adjusted by timely opening and closing the greenhouse opening. Meanwhile, the application amount of a nitrogen fertilizer is controlled, calcium is added, liweixin is used for carrying out drip irrigation, and liweige and liweipeng are sprayed on leaf surfaces, so that the incidence rate of askew and cracked melons after fruit setting can be obviously reduced, and the fruit setting rate is improved.

S6, 7 days after pollination: 5-7 jin of liweixin is used for drop irrigation per mu.

Further, 7 days after pollination: and (3) drip irrigation is carried out for 10-15 minutes by using Liweixin.

And 7 days after pollination, selecting the watermelon when the watermelon is about egg size. At the moment, the Liweixin is dripped to supplement the key element calcium during the growth of the young watermelon fruits.

It should be noted that the water consumption is controlled according to the soil humidity and the growth of the melon vine.

S7, fruit expansion period: spraying Livyger diluted 550-650 times solution on leaf surfaces; and 7-9 jin of milfoil and 1.5-2.5 jin of beautiful vigor are used for drip irrigation per mu.

Further, the fruit expansion period: and (3) carrying out drip irrigation by using milfoil and livid vigor for 10-15 minutes every time, and carrying out drip irrigation once every 5-7 days.

When the watermelon is about the bowl opening size 15 days after fruit setting, the activity of the root system can be improved, nutrient absorption is promoted and the demand of the watermelon on nutrients in the rapid expansion period is met by drip irrigation of the milfoil and the vigor.

It should be noted that the greenhouse watermelon fertilization method can be suitable for the very early-maturing variety

And can also be applied to other varieties, such as 8424 greenhouse watermelon varieties and the like.

By adopting the fertilizing method, the sugar degree and the fruit flavor of the watermelon can be effectively improved, and the use of chemical fertilizers can be reduced. The yield per mu is 2 tons of watermelons, about 4.4 kilograms of pure nitrogen, about 2.3 kilograms of phosphorus pentoxide and about 6.64 kilograms of potassium oxide are applied to each mu. And 6 kg of pure nitrogen, 6 kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 7.5 kg of potassium oxide need to be applied to conventional farmers. Therefore, by adopting the method, the use of chemical fertilizers can be greatly reduced, and the pure nitrogen is reduced by 27%; the phosphorus pentoxide is reduced by 61%; the reduction of potassium oxide was 11%.

Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the greenhouse watermelon fertilization method comprises:

applying a base fertilizer: 460-540 kg of microbial fertilizer, 16-24 kg of controlled release fertilizer, 9-11 kg of commassie magnesium acid and 390-410 g of boron for holding power are applied to each mu; further optionally, 500kg of microbial fertilizer, 20kg of controlled release fertilizer, 10 kg of commassie magnesium acid and 400 g of boron for sustaining strength are applied to each mu.

Transplanting and rooting: watering and applying root fixing water twice; the first rooting water comprises 460-540 times of livevong liquid; the secondary root fixing water comprises livingwishen 900-1100 times of liquid and a mixed solution of livingmycin 360-430 times of liquid and farmlands rich 160-240 times of liquid; further optionally, the first rooting water comprises livevorexant 500-fold liquid; the secondary root fixing water comprises 1000 times of livevone liquid and a mixed solution of 400 times of livemin liquid and 200 times of agro-land rich liquid.

Seedling revival and topping period: spraying 460-540 times of liwei grid liquid, 460-540 times of concentrated dripping liquid and 900-1100 times of liwei Huabao diluted liquid on leaf surfaces; further optionally, 500 times of livjingge solution, 500 times of strong dichloflus solution and 1000 times of livjinhuabao diluted solution are sprayed on the leaf surfaces.

Pruning and vine fixing periods: spraying 560-640 times of livwei grid dilution liquid and 760-840 times of livwei excellent fruit dilution liquid on leaf surfaces; further optionally, livyger diluted 600 times liquid and livygur fruit diluted 800 times liquid are sprayed on the leaf surfaces.

Before pollination: dripping 3.5-4.5 jin of Liweixin per mu, spraying 550-650 times of Liweige diluted solution and 1800-2200 times of Liweipeng diluted solution on leaf surfaces. Further optionally, 4 jin of liweixin is used for drip irrigation per mu, and liweige diluted 600 times liquid and liweipo diluted 2000 times liquid are sprayed on leaf surfaces.

7 days after pollination: dripping 5.5-6.5 jin of Liweixin per mu; further optionally, 6 jin of livingxin is used for drip irrigation per mu.

Fruit expansion period: spraying 560-640 times of livwei Ge diluted solution on leaf surfaces; and 7.5-8.5 jin of milfoil and 1.6-2.45 jin of beautiful vigor are used for drip irrigation per mu. Further optionally, spraying livjinger diluted 600 times solution on leaf surfaces; and 8 jin of milfoil (10-6-38) and 2 jin of vigor are used for drip irrigation per mu.

Further, in the pruning and vine fixing period, a Livyger dilution solution of 550-650 times and a Livygu dilution solution of 750-850 times are sprayed on the day of pruning and vine fixing, and the pruning and vine fixing is carried out when the lateral vines grow to 4-6 main leaves after topping. Further alternatively, 3-vine pruning is used, the main vine is removed and 3 side vines are left, and the redundant vines are removed at the same time.

Some embodiments of the present application also provide a method for greenhouse watermelon disease prevention, comprising:

cultivating disease-free strong seedling stage: and spraying a pleckstrin water aqua and a mixed solution of 700-900 times of liwei simple dilution and 400-600 times of yiwei dilution.

The liwei jian mainly comprises: (organic Nitrogen 3%, P)₂O₅：30％，K₂O: 15%). Liweijian is the complex of plant amino acid, peptide and potassium phosphite, and can promote the formation of phytoalexin, thickening and lignification of cell wall, promote the aging of branches and leaves, and resist the adverse conditions of climate and pathogenicity more effectively.

Beneficial to micro bacteria and bacteriostasis, and can prevent high-humidity diseases in the seedling stage. It includes: 300 hundred million/g Bacillus subtilis.

It is common practice in the art to spray chemical pesticides. Traditional farmers use 60% of chlorothalonil (pyraclostrobin. metiram) + 50% of prochloraz (iprodione) + 2% of kasugamycin. Compared with the conventional method in the field, the method for spraying the pulikes, livingie and yiwei diluent on the leaf surfaces of the cultivated disease-free strong seedling stage reduces chemical pesticides on one hand, supplements phosphorus-potassium-amino acid nutrition on the other hand, and increases the disease resistance of the seedling stage.

1 day before transplanting: spraying mixed liquid of 700-900 times of liwei simple dilution and 400-600 times of yiwei dilution.

it is common practice in the art to spray chemical pesticides. The traditional farmers spray 60% of Baitai (pyraclostrobin. metiram) 1500 times and 20% of thiazole zinc 600 times. Compared with the conventional method in the field, the method for preparing the livjinjan Yiwei diluent comprehensively replaces chemical pesticides on one hand, and supplements phosphorus-potassium-amino acid nutrition on the other hand, so that the disease resistance is improved.

Pruning and vine fixing periods: spraying mixed liquid of 750-850 times of liwei simple dilution and 900-1100 times of yiwei dilution.

It is common practice in the art to spray chemical pesticides. The traditional farmers use 80% mancozeb 500 times of spraying. Compared with the conventional method in the field, the method for preparing the livjinjan Yiwei diluent comprehensively replaces chemical pesticides on one hand, and supplements phosphorus-potassium-amino acid nutrition on the other hand, so that the disease resistance is improved.

it is common practice in the art to spray chemical pesticides. The traditional farmer uses 750 times of Baitai and 1000 times of Kaiser for spraying. Compared with the conventional method in the field, the method for preparing the livjinjan Yiwei diluent comprehensively replaces chemical pesticides on one hand, and supplements phosphorus-potassium-amino acid nutrition on the other hand, so that the disease resistance is improved.

It is common practice in the art to spray chemical pesticides. The traditional farmer uses 50% iprodione 1000 times, 20% bismerthiazol, 70% imidacloprid 7000 times, 50% fenbutatin 2000 times, Baitai 750 times and 5% emamectin benzoate 1000 times for spraying. Compared with the conventional method in the field, the method for preparing the livjinjan Yiwei diluent comprehensively replaces chemical pesticides on one hand, and supplements phosphorus-potassium-amino acid nutrition on the other hand, so that the disease resistance is improved.

The disease prevention method establishes key breeding nodes, and carries out disease and pest prevention and control management in key breeding nodes, thereby increasing the nutrition scheme of watermelon immunity and the scheme of using harmonia axyridis to prevent cotton aphids and whiteflies, so as to effectively prevent and control pests, enhance the disease resistance in the early stage of watermelon seedlings and ensure the survival rate of subsequent watermelon seedlings.

It should be noted that the disease prevention method for greenhouse watermelons can be suitable for very early-maturing varieties

Further, in the disease-free strong seedling stage, the pulikes solution is sprayed after 75-85% of seeds emerge and are husked; the mixed liquid of 700-900 times of liwei simple dilution and 400-600 times of yiwei dilution is sprayed when 1 true leaf is completely grown. Further optionally, the pulikes solution is prepared by diluting the pulikes solution by 400-600 times with 72.2% of the pulikes solution. Further optionally, the pulikes solution is prepared by diluting 500 times with 72.2% of the pulikes solution. Furthermore, the puliker water aqua is sprayed after 80% of seeds emerge and are husked. Further optionally, the mixed solution of livwei simple dilution 800 times and yiwei dilution 500 times is sprayed when 1 true leaf is completely grown.

Further, in some specific embodiments of the present application, in the disease-free strong seedling stage, 32-hole tray seedling is selected, and the disease-free substrate bacon baby is taken as the nutrient soil. Meanwhile, the nutrient soil is watered with the root promoting nutrient solution, and the nutrient soil is fully watered and filled in a tray for seeding.

The disease and insect-free substrate bacon baby adopts imported peat raw materials, does not have diseases and insects after strict sterilization and deinsectization treatment, and is safer to use compared with the traditional farmer soil as nutrient soil.

The nutrient solution comprises: diluting by 1000 times with strong drop, diluting by 1000 times with livins and diluting by 500 times with beneficial micro. Wherein the Metronidazole is seaweed extract, and has effects of stimulating seed germination and promoting root growth at low temperature. It includes: organic matter is more than or equal to 20g/L, P₂O₅+K₂O is more than or equal to 90g/L, B is 4g/L-10 g/L; natural auxin: cytokinin 350: 1.

The lividone is a phosphorus-calcium liquid fertilizer and can promote the thickening of main roots and stems. It includes: n: 40g/L, P₂O₅：420g/L，K₂O：40g/L，Ca≥15g/L，Zn≥30g/L。

The conventional method in the field is to adopt soil for seedling culture and apply carbendazim and compound fertilizer (15-15-15). Compared with the conventional method in the field, the method adopts the nutrient soil and applies the root-promoting nutrient solution, so that the seedlings are more tidy, are thicker and are more resistant to cold damage.

Further, transplanting and rooting: spraying mixed liquid of livwei simple dilution 800 times and yiwei dilution 500 times.

According to the specific schemes of the application, when seedlings are grown to 2 leaves and 1 heart to 3 leaves and 1 heart, transplanting is carried out in the proper weather, and a nutrient fertilizer for improving the immunity of the plants is sprayed before field planting, so that transplanting with the nutrient fertilizer is realized, and the effects of protecting and strengthening the seedlings are achieved.

The nutrient medical fertilizer comprises: liviet dilution 800 times, liviet dilution 600 times, and yiwei dilution 500 times.

Wherein, liviger is soybean enzyme hydrolysis concentrate, has the root promotion, can alleviate and transplant emergent, and it includes: organic matter: 350g/L, organic nitrogen: 5%, plant amino acids and small peptides: 310 g/L.

Further, seedling revival and topping period: spraying mixed liquid of liwei simple dilution 800 times, yiwei dilution 500 times and liwei Huabao 1000 times. Plays a role in preventing diseases and supplementing necessary trace elements for flower bud differentiation.

Pruning and vine fixing periods: spraying mixed liquid of liwei simple dilution 800 times, yiwei dilution 1000 times and liwei excellent fruit 800 times. Preventing diseases, supplementing calcium and reducing physiological tendrils.

Before pollination: throwing 500 ladybirds of enemy harmonia axyridis per mu; spraying mixed solution which is 660 times diluted by Livwei simple and 500 times diluted by Yiwei; diseases are mainly prevented, and the disease resistance of the melon vine is improved.

Fruit expansion period: spraying mixed solution of livwei dilution 660 times and yiwei dilution 500 times. Beneficial bacteria are supplemented to occupy the wound, so that bacteria can be inhibited, and the disease prevention effect is more durable.

According to the disease prevention method, only pulex in the seedling emergence stage is used as a chemical pesticide in a spraying operation product, and organic liquid containing potassium phosphite and a beneficial microbial agent are sprayed in the later stage to prevent diseases. And the chemical pesticide is used in the later period of the conventional farmer operation every time, so that the using amount of the chemical pesticide is reduced by more than 90 percent, green, safe and high-quality watermelons are produced, and the pesticide residue risk is reduced.

Further, the method for cultivating greenhouse watermelons further comprises the following steps: the water and fertilizer are cut off 10 days before picking the watermelon to improve the quality of the watermelon, the chemical pesticide is stopped 20 days before picking the watermelon to ensure safety, and the watermelon is picked 35 days after pollination.

The features and properties of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to examples and comparative examples.

Example 1

The cultivation method of the greenhouse watermelons comprises the following steps:

(1) seed selection: selecting the super early-maturing variety with strong disease resistance

(2) Seed treatment: cleaning seeds with clear water, removing impurities and mucus on the surfaces of the seeds, soaking the seeds in warm water at 55 ℃ for 6 hours for disinfection, and finally putting the seeds in a constant temperature box at 25-30 ℃ for accelerating germination for 36-48 hours, so that germination can be realized.

(3) Cultivating disease-free strong seedlings: selecting 32-hole tray seedling, taking a disease-insect-free substrate root-cultivating baby as nutrient soil, and adopting a root-promoting nutrient scheme: the nutrient soil is applied by pouring mother liquor prepared by diluting 1000 times by using concentrated Digle, diluting 1000 times by using livins and diluting 500 times by using beneficial micro, the nutrients required by root growth in the seedling stage are supplemented, and the nutrient soil is fully watered and placed in a tray for sowing. Maintaining the humidity of the nutrient soil during the seedling raising period, and watering at selected time; after about 80% of seeds emerge and are husked, diluting the seeds by using 72.2% of pulikes water agent by 500 times, and spraying; when 1 true leaf is basically completely grown, a nutrition scheme for improving the plant immunity is adopted: liviet diluted 800 times and yiwei diluted 500 times for spray insecticide.

(4) Soil preparation and base fertilizer application: selecting a flat-denier land with water supply and drainage conditions, using 500kg of prebiotic microbial fertilizer and 20kg of Dedefu controlled release fertilizer (18-9-18) and 10 kg of commassic acid g and 400 g of boron for holding power per mu, ploughing by a machine, improving soil, supplementing basic mineral nutrition, building a greenhouse after fertilizing, wherein the length of the greenhouse is 40-45 m, the width of the greenhouse is 7.6 m, the distance between the greenhouses is about 1 m, and deeply digging ditches (60 cm in depth and 40cm in width) to serve as drainage ditches.

(5) Planting: transplanting when the seedlings grow to 2 leaves and 1 heart to 3 leaves and 1 heart in proper weather, and adopting a nutrition scheme for improving the immunity of the plants before planting: liviet dilution is 800 times, liviet dilution is 600 times, yiwei dilution is 500 times, and spraying is carried out, so that transplanting with pesticide and fertilizer is realized, and the effects of protecting and strengthening seedlings are achieved. Transplanting at the interval of 40cm per plant during transplanting, transplanting 400 seedlings per mu, watering root fixing water thoroughly in time, and adopting a root-cultivating stress-resistant nutrition scheme: the first rooting water comprises 500 times of livewosheng liquid, and 250 milliliters of the Livewosheng liquid is applied to each plant; the secondary root fixing water comprises 1000 times of livingwisheng liquid and a mixed solution of 400 times of livingmycin liquid and 200 times of farmland rich liquid, and 500 ml of water is applied to each plant; and a small arched shed is covered after field planting, so that the temperature in the shed can be increased and the growth of melon seedlings can be promoted.

(6) Seedling revival and topping: in the seedling recovering period, the root system of the melon seedlings is weak, and 500 times of liwei ge and 500 times of thick drip liquid are sprayed on the leaf surfaces at proper time to supplement energy and prevent the influence of adverse factors such as low temperature and weak light. Topping when the main vines grow to 3-5 pieces, and enabling physical wounds to be susceptible to diseases after topping, so that a nutrition scheme for improving plant immunity is adopted on the same day after topping: the livyiwei dilution is 800 times, the livyige dilution is 600 times, the livyiwei Huabao dilution is 1000 times, the yiwei Huabao dilution is 500 times, and the spraying is carried out, so that the disease prevention is realized, and necessary trace elements are supplemented for flower bud differentiation.

(7) Pruning and vine fixing: and (3) pruning and fixing vines after topping when the lateral vines grow to 4-6 true leaves, removing the main vines and reserving 3 lateral vines by adopting 3 vine pruning, and removing redundant vines at the same time. When the branches are trimmed and the vines are fixed, the physical wounds of the melon vines are more, and the diseases are easy to occur, so that on the day of trimming and fixing the vines, a nutrition scheme for improving the plant immunity is adopted: the liviet dilution is 800 times, the liviet dilution is 600 times, the yiwei dilution is 1000 times, the liviet fruit dilution is 800 times, and the liviet fruit dilution is 800 times for spraying, so that the disease is prevented.

(8) Before pollination: after pruning and vine fixing are carried out until pollination, the condition that fruits cannot be planted on the excessive melon vines is easy to occur, the per-mu yield of the watermelons is seriously influenced, the temperature management of the greenhouse is required to be paid attention to, the temperature is not too high in the daytime and is maintained at 30-32 ℃, the temperature is not too low at night and is maintained at 13-15 ℃, and the temperature in the greenhouse can be adjusted by timely opening and closing the greenhouse opening; and meanwhile, the application amount of a nitrogen fertilizer is controlled, calcium is applied additionally, 4 jin of livingxin is applied per mu, the time is about 8-10 minutes, and the water consumption is controlled according to the soil humidity and the growth condition of the melon vine. The incidence rate of askew melons and cracked melons after fruit setting can be obviously reduced, and the fruit setting rate is improved; meanwhile, the eggs are incubated along with the rise of the ground temperature, and the occurrence of diseases and insect pests in the greenhouse needs to be noticed. In the early stage, aphids and low-age larvae are mainly used, natural enemy harmonia axyridis is selected for throwing, and 500 ladybirds are thrown per mu; diseases are mainly prevented, and a nutrition scheme for improving the immunity of plants is selected: the formulation is sprayed by 600 times of Livygen dilution, 2000 times of Livyipene dilution, 660 times of Livyipene dilution and 500 times of Yiwei dilution, so that the disease resistance of the melon vine is improved.

(9) After pollination: selecting the watermelon 7 days after pollination when the watermelon is about egg size. Then supplementing nutrient elements necessary for the reproductive growth of the watermelons, wherein the drip irrigation scheme is as follows: dripping 6 jin of Liweixin per mu for 10-15 min, and controlling water consumption according to soil humidity and melon vine growth.

(10) Fruit expansion period: when the watermelon is about the bowl mouth size 15 days after fruit setting, a nutrition scheme for improving the plant immunity is selected: the livigen is diluted by 600 times, the livigen is diluted by 660 times, and the yiwei is diluted by 500 times to prevent diseases; the drip irrigation application scheme is as follows: 8 jin of milfoil (10-6-38) and 2 jin of beautiful vitamin energy are used for drip irrigation per mu, the drip irrigation time is about 10-15 minutes, the water consumption is controlled according to the soil humidity and the growth potential of the melon vine, the interval is 5-7 days, and the drip irrigation is carried out for 1 time by adopting the scheme.

(11) And (3) complete melon picking: the water and fertilizer are cut off 10 days before picking the watermelon to improve the quality of the watermelon, the chemical pesticide is stopped 20 days before picking the watermelon to ensure safety, and the watermelon is picked 35 days after pollination.

Comparative example 1

Provides a method for farmers to cultivate greenhouse watermelons conventionally.

The method is basically the same as the method in the embodiment 1, except that:

when fertilizing, chemical compound fertilizer is used in the whole process.

Base fertilizer: norwegian (15-15-15) or resident and commercial (16-16-16) compound fertilizer 10-20 kg, calcium ammonium nitrate 10 kg and potassium magnesium sulfate 10 kg;

and (3) watering and applying a nutrition pot: pouring 1000 times of monopotassium phosphate;

leaf surface nutrition in the seedling raising period: spraying a high-phosphorus water-soluble fertilizer;

and (3) during the young fruit period: drip irrigation with 5-10 kg of yalan (15-15-15) when the watermelon eggs are large;

and (3) fruit swelling period: when the bowl mouth of the watermelon is large, 10-15 kg of yalan (15-15-15) and 1-2 kg of macroelement water soluble fertilizer (10-6-38) are applied to the surface of the watermelon for drip irrigation for 1 time.

In disease prevention, spraying and pesticide spraying:

1000 times of 50% carbendazim for disinfection of the nutrition pot;

the stage of emergence adopts pulex;

when one true leaf grows up: spraying 50% of paracetamol 1000 times;

before transplanting: 60% of chlorothalonil (pyraclostrobin, metiram) and 2% of kasugamycin which are 400 times of the amount of the raw materials are sprayed;

10 days after transplanting: spraying 60% of Baitai (pyraclostrobin-metiram) 1500 times;

after topping: 60% of Baitai (pyraclostrobin-metiram) is 1500 times and 20% of thiazole zinc is 600 times sprayed;

in the vine extending period: spraying 500 times of 80% mancozeb;

before flowering: spraying 750 times of Baitai and 1000 times of Kaiser;

and (3) during the young fruit period: spraying 5000 times of Na-Di stably;

and (3) an expansion period: the pesticide is sprayed by 1000 times of 50% iprodione, 20% bismerthiazol, 70% imidacloprid 7000 times, 50% fenbutatin 2000 times, 750 times of petasite and 1000 times of 5% emamectin benzoate.

Experimental verification is carried out on the cultivation methods of greenhouse watermelons provided in example 1 and comparative example 1.

Experimental example 1

10 groups of greenhouse watermelons are planted according to the methods of example 1 and comparative example 1, transplanted to the rooting stage, and the number of days 12 after twice watering for rooting is shown in table 1 according to the investigation results:

table 1: after twice watering for rooting, 12 days according to the investigation result

It can be seen from the experimental data in the above table that the method of the present application example 1 is adopted to transplant the rooting stage and irrigate the rooting water twice for 12 days. The average values of the seedling length, the rod thickness, the leaf length, the leaf width and the leaf area of 10 groups of watermelon seedlings are obviously superior to the data of 10 groups of watermelon seedlings in the comparison ratio. Therefore, the method provided by the embodiment of the application can be used for promoting the growth of greenhouse watermelons.

Experimental example 2

In order to compare the split melon proportion of greenhouse watermelons in Tainong test base in 2018-2019 and greenhouse watermelons in a conventional cultivation method, the split melon condition of greenhouse watermelons in 2018-2019 is specially investigated. The experimental group (A1-A9) was the group of watermelons cultivated according to the method of this example 1, and the control group (B1-B9) was the 9 farmers (cultivated according to the method of comparative example 1) who were randomly investigated. 400 seedlings are investigated in each group, 9 groups are investigated in the experimental group and the control group respectively, and the investigation results are as follows:

table 2: 2018-flavored 2019 cracking melon condition questionnaire (/400 strain)

Experimental group	A1	A2	A3	A4	A5	A6	A7	A8	A9	Total of
											2018 years old	3	2	6	3	1	4	0	2	3	24
2019	10	7	9	5	3	5	4	7	2	52
											Control group	B1	B2	B2	B4	B5	B6	B7	B8	B9	Total of
2018 years old	37	53	66	47	65	28	42	63	76	477
											2019	78	90	69	110	73	55	91	103	59	728

As can be seen from the test data in table 2, in 2018, the cracking rate of the experimental group is 0.06%, the cracking rate of the control group is 13.25%, and the commercial fruit rate of the experimental group is improved by 12.09% compared with that of the control group; the cracking rate of the experimental group in 2019 is 1.44%. The commodity rate of the experimental group is improved by 18.78 percent compared with that of the control group. The reason is that in the method, the fertilization scheme of controlling nitrogen and vine in the early stage can reduce the proportion of askew melons, so that the number of cracked melons is reduced. In addition, calcium element in the young fruit period of the watermelon is added in the method, and the calcium can increase the thickness of the cell wall, so that the fruit cracking rate is reduced.

Experimental example 3

And (5) testing the sugar degree of the watermelon by an experiment. The experiment is carried out in a Tainong test base in 2019 and 5 months. The experimental group randomly selects 10 first batch melons cultivated by the method of example 1, and the control group randomly selects 10 first batch melons cultivated by other current farmer cultivation schemes (the method of comparative example 1). The experimental data are shown in Table 3:

table 3: watermelon center sugar degree questionnaire table

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	Average
												Experimental group	12.8	13.5	12.2	13.5	12.0	13.6	11.8	13.5	12.9	11.5	12.73
Control group	11.2	10.8	12.8	11.6	12.5	11.9	10.5	11.8	12.3	10.7	11.61

As can be seen from the above table, the average sugar degree of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group by 1 degree or more. The base fertilizer is the beneficial-element bio-organic fertilizer, the use of the compound fertilizer is reduced in the whole process, and the amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer Liwei grid is added in the later-stage nutrition management scheme, so that the scheme can obviously improve the sugar degree of the watermelon and improve the flavor of the fruit.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The greenhouse watermelon fertilizing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

7 days after pollination: dripping 5-7 jin of Liweixin per mu;

2. The greenhouse watermelon fertilizing method as claimed in claim 1, comprising:

in the transplanting rooting stage, the first rooting water is applied plant by plant during transplanting, and each plant is applied with 240-260 ml of water; the second rooting water is poured plant by plant after 7-10 days, and 500 ml of water is poured into each plant.

3. The greenhouse watermelon fertilizing method as claimed in claim 1, comprising:

in the seedling reviving and topping period, spraying 450-550 times of livwei ge and 450-550 times of strong drip liquid on the leaf surfaces, wherein the spraying is carried out in the seedling reviving period; the liwei Huabao diluted 800-1200 times liquid is sprayed on the topping day, and the topping is carried out when the main vines grow to 3-5 pieces.

4. The greenhouse watermelon fertilizing method as claimed in claim 1, comprising:

in the pruning and vine fixing period, the livid dilution 550-650 times and the livid excellent fruit dilution 750-850 times are sprayed on the day of pruning and vine fixing, and the pruning and vine fixing is carried out when the lateral vines grow to 4-6 true leaves after topping.

5. The greenhouse watermelon fertilizing method as claimed in claim 4, comprising:

pruning 3 vines, removing main vines and leaving 3 lateral vines, and removing redundant vines.

6. The greenhouse watermelon fertilizing method as claimed in claim 1, comprising:

before pollination: when 5-7 leaves are planted on the lateral tendrils, the drip irrigation time is 8-10 minutes when the Liweixin drip irrigation is carried out.

7. The greenhouse watermelon fertilizing method as claimed in claim 1, comprising:

7 days after the pollination: and (3) drip irrigation is carried out for 10-15 minutes by using Liweixin.

8. The greenhouse watermelon fertilizing method as claimed in claim 1, comprising:

and (3) carrying out drip irrigation by using milfoil and livid vigor for 10-15 minutes every time, and carrying out drip irrigation once every 5-7 days.

9. A disease prevention method for greenhouse watermelons is characterized by comprising the following steps:

10. The greenhouse watermelon disease prevention method according to claim 9, comprising:

in the disease-free seedling strengthening period, the mixed solution of liwei simple dilution 700-900 times and yiwei dilution 400-600 times is sprayed when 1 true leaf is fully grown.

11. The cultivation method of greenhouse watermelons is characterized by comprising the following steps:

fertilizing greenhouse watermelons by adopting the greenhouse watermelonfertilizing method of any one of claims 1 to 8 at each period of cultivation of the greenhouse watermelons; the disease prevention method for greenhouse watermelons as claimed in any one of claims 9 to 10.

12. The cultivation method of greenhouse watermelons according to claim 11,

the seeds of the greenhouse watermelon are strong in selection of the super early-maturing variety

711。

13. The cultivation method of greenhouse watermelons according to claim 12,

and after the seeds are cleaned, soaking the seeds for 5.5-6.5 hours in warm water at 54-56 ℃, and then placing the seeds in a constant temperature environment at 25-30 ℃ for accelerating germination for 36-48 hours.