CN111517851A - Preparation method of organic fertilizer with good quick-acting performance - Google Patents
Preparation method of organic fertilizer with good quick-acting performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN111517851A CN111517851A CN202010405078.7A CN202010405078A CN111517851A CN 111517851 A CN111517851 A CN 111517851A CN 202010405078 A CN202010405078 A CN 202010405078A CN 111517851 A CN111517851 A CN 111517851A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an organic fertilizer with good quick-acting performance. The preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: pretreating livestock and poultry manure, bean stalks and rice hulls, mixing the pretreated livestock and poultry manure with sugar residues, mushroom fungus residues and peat to obtain a raw material mixture, and fermenting to prepare the feed additive, wherein the fermentation comprises the following steps: adding inorganic matter and microbial starter into the raw material mixture, then adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the system to be 23:1-26:1, the water content to be 55-63 percent and the pH value to be 6.7-7.5, and then composting and fermenting until the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the system is 15:1-19:1, thus obtaining the fertilizer. The organic fertilizer prepared by the method has good quick-acting property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an organic fertilizer with good quick-acting performance.
Background
China is a big agricultural country which is the first leading index in the world, crops occupy considerable proportion in life and production, and fertilizers have indispensable functions in agricultural production. For a long time, fertilizers applied in agricultural production in China are mainly fertilizers. The application of these fertilizers undoubtedly increases the yield of food, but the yield growth rate is much less than that of the applied amount of fertilizer. Due to single and unreasonable use of the fertilizer, the soil structure is deteriorated, the nutrients are disordered, and the soil fertility is reduced, so that the further improvement of the crop yield and the quality improvement are influenced; in addition, the fertilizer has low utilization rate, so that a large amount of nutrients are lost, and environmental problems are caused.
In order to solve the above problems, it is proposed to partially replace the fertilizer with organic fertilizer. Research shows that the organic fertilizer can improve soil: (1) the organic fertilizer can improve the physical properties of soil, thereby improving the nutrient supply capacity of the soil; (2) the organic fertilizer can improve the storage amount of organic nitrogen in the soil, and the organic nitrogen is an important organic matter of the soil; (3) the organic fertilizer can increase the supply of phosphorus in the soil; (4) the organic fertilizer can increase the potassium content of plants and the quick-acting potassium content of soil, thereby improving the crop yield; (5) the biochemical reactions of the soil are all participated by enzyme, wherein the enzymatic action on the growth of crops and the conversion and synthesis of soil organic matters are directly related, and the enzyme activity is the fertility index of the soil; (6) the organic fertilizer is an energy source and a nutrient of soil microorganisms, and can enhance the activity of the soil microorganisms. Therefore, the organic fertilizer and the inorganic fertilizer are applied in a matching way, so that the soil environment can be improved, the soil fertility can be improved, the surplus organic waste can be recycled, and the use of chemical fertilizers can be reduced.
However, the existing organic fertilizer has poor quick-acting performance and low contents of quick-acting nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for preparing an organic fertilizer with good quick-acting property.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: pretreating livestock and poultry manure, bean stalks and rice hulls, mixing the pretreated livestock and poultry manure with sugar residues, mushroom fungus residues and peat to obtain a raw material mixture, and fermenting to prepare the feed additive, wherein the fermentation comprises the following steps: adding inorganic matter and microbial starter into the raw material mixture, then adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the system to be 23:1-26:1, the water content to be 55-63 percent and the pH value to be 6.7-7.5, and then composting and fermenting until the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the system is 15:1-19:1, thus obtaining the fertilizer.
Further, the pretreatment is to dehydrate the livestock and poultry manure to a water content of 24-27%, and then steam sterilize the livestock and poultry manure for 25-28 minutes at 85-90 ℃; pulverizing bean stalks and rice husks.
Further, the mass ratio of the pretreated livestock and poultry manure, the bean stalks, the rice hulls to the sugar residues, the mushroom residues and the peat is 58-60:3-5:2-5:1-4:2-3: 0.8-1.2.
Further, the inorganic substances comprise ground phosphate rock, ammonium bicarbonate and potassium sulfate.
Further, the mass ratio of the ground phosphate rock, the ammonium bicarbonate and the potassium sulfate is 1-1.5:0.8-1.3: 1.2-1.6.
Further, the microbial starter culture comprises cellulase, mucor, rhizopus nigricans and lactobacillus plantarum.
Further, the mass ratio of the cellulase to the mucor to the black rhizopus to the lactobacillus plantarum is 5-10:2-4:1-3: 1-1.5.
Further, the dosage of the inorganic matters is 6-9% of the mass of the raw material mixture.
Further, the using amount of the microbial leavening agent is 0.13-0.15% of the mass of the raw material mixture.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the organic fertilizer has good quick-acting performance and high contents of quick-acting nitrogen, quick-acting phosphorus and quick-acting potassium.
Detailed Description
The examples are provided for better illustration of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the examples. Therefore, those skilled in the art should make insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the embodiments of the present invention in light of the above teachings and remain within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in the following steps:
A. dehydrating pig manure to a water content of 24%, and then steam sterilizing at 90 ℃ for 25 minutes;
B. crushing bean stalks and rice husks;
C. uniformly mixing 580kg of pig manure processed in the step A, 30kg of bean stalks processed in the step B, 40kg of rice hulls with 10kg of sugar residues, 28kg of mushroom residues and 12kg of peat to obtain a raw material mixture;
D. adding inorganic matter (composed of phosphate rock powder, ammonium bicarbonate and potassium sulfate according to the mass ratio of 1:0.8: 1.2) accounting for 6% of the mass of the raw material mixture and microbial leavening agent (composed of cellulase, mucor, black rhizopus and lactobacillus plantarum according to the mass ratio of 9:2:3: 1) accounting for 0.13% of the mass of the raw material mixture, then adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of a system to be 23:1, the water content to be 56% and the pH to be 6.8, and performing composting fermentation until the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the system is 15:1 to obtain the fertilizer.
Example 2
The organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in the following steps:
A. dehydrating pig manure to a water content of 26%, and steam sterilizing at 86 deg.C for 28 min;
B. crushing bean stalks and rice husks;
C. uniformly mixing 600kg of pig manure processed in the step A, 50kg of bean stalks processed in the step B, 20kg of rice hulls with 30kg of sugar residues, 20kg of mushroom residues and 10kg of peat to obtain a raw material mixture;
D. adding 8 mass percent of inorganic matter (composed of phosphate rock powder, ammonium bicarbonate and potassium sulfate according to the mass ratio of 1.5:1.1: 1.4) and 0.15 mass percent of microbial leavening agent (composed of cellulase, mucor, black rhizopus and lactobacillus plantarum according to the mass ratio of 7:4:3: 1) into the raw material mixture, then adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the system to be 25:1, the water content to be 62 percent and the pH to be 7.3, and performing composting fermentation until the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the system is 18:1, thus obtaining the fertilizer.
Example 3
The organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in the following steps:
A. dehydrating pig manure to a water content of 25%, and then steam sterilizing at 88 ℃ for 25 minutes;
B. crushing bean stalks and rice husks;
C. uniformly mixing 595kg of pig manure processed in the step A, 45kg of bean stalks processed in the step B, 50kg of rice hulls with 27kg of sugar residues, 24kg of mushroom residues and 9kg of peat to obtain a raw material mixture;
D. adding 8 mass percent of inorganic matter (composed of phosphate rock powder, ammonium bicarbonate and potassium sulfate according to the mass ratio of 1.5:1: 1.5) and 0.15 mass percent of microbial leavening agent (composed of cellulase, mucor, black rhizopus and lactobacillus plantarum according to the mass ratio of 10:3:1.5: 1.5) into the raw material mixture, then adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the system to be 24:1, the water content to be 60 percent and the pH to be 7.0, and performing composting fermentation until the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the system is 16:1, thus obtaining the fertilizer.
Performance testing
The effective viable count, organic matter content, fecal coliform count and ascarid egg mortality of the fertilizers prepared in examples 1-3 were measured according to NY884-2012 bioorganic fertilizer, and the results are shown in Table 1;
the content of the quick-acting potassium in the fertilizer prepared in examples 1-3 was measured according to "determination of quick-acting potassium in organic fertilizer by NY/T301-;
the content of available phosphorus in the fertilizer prepared in examples 1-3 was measured according to "measurement of available phosphorus in organic fertilizer by NY/T300-1995" and the results are shown in Table 1;
the content of quick-acting nitrogen of the fertilizer prepared in examples 1 to 3 was measured by diffusion titration, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 test results
| Test items | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 |
| Effective viable count (cfu)/(hundred million/g) | 0.42 | 0.39 | 0.38 |
| Organic matter content (on a dry basis)/% | 43.1 | 42.7 | 42.6 |
| Faecal coliform count/(per gram) | 74 | 68 | 71 |
| Mortality/percent of roundworm eggs | 96 | 95 | 95 |
| Quick-acting potassium/(mu g/g) | 6 | 7 | 7 |
| Quick-acting phosphorus/(mu g/g) | 7 | 7 | 5 |
| Quick-acting nitrogen/(mug/g) | 8 | 6 | 7 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the organic fertilizer of the present invention has high contents of available potassium, available nitrogen and available phosphorus.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps: pretreating livestock and poultry manure, bean stalks and rice hulls, mixing the pretreated livestock and poultry manure with sugar residues, mushroom fungus residues and peat to obtain a raw material mixture, and fermenting to prepare the feed additive, wherein the fermentation comprises the following steps: adding inorganic matter and microbial starter into the raw material mixture, then adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the system to be 23:1-26:1, the water content to be 55-63 percent and the pH value to be 6.7-7.5, and then composting and fermenting until the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the system is 15:1-19:1, thus obtaining the fertilizer.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pretreatment is a dehydration of the excrements of livestock and poultry to a water content of 24-27%, followed by steam sterilization at 85-90 ℃ for 25-28 minutes; pulverizing bean stalks and rice husks.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass ratio of the livestock manure, the bean stalks, the rice hulls to the sugar residues, the mushroom residues and the peat is 58-60:3-5:2-5:1-4:2-3: 0.8-1.2.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inorganic substance includes ground phosphate rock, ammonium bicarbonate and potassium sulfate.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the powdered rock phosphate to the ammonium bicarbonate to the potassium sulfate is 1-1.5:0.8-1.3: 1.2-1.6.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the microbial fermentation agent comprises cellulase, Mucor, Rhizopus nigricans and Lactobacillus plantarum.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the cellulase, the Mucor, the Rhizopus nigricans and the Lactobacillus plantarum is 5-10:2-4:1-3: 1-1.5.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the inorganic substance is used in an amount of 6 to 9% by mass based on the mass of the raw material mixture.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the amount of the microbial starter culture is 0.13 to 0.15% by mass of the raw material mixture.
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Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006096825A2 (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-14 | Blue Water Investments | Processes to beneficiate heat-dried biosolid pellets |
| CN101851125A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-10-06 | 杨春和 | Agricultural waste-composting treatment method |
| CN101851124A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-10-06 | 杨春和 | Agricultural waste anaerobic digestion process taking steam explosion as pretreatment |
| US20140311199A1 (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2014-10-23 | Florentaise | Method for multiplying phytobenefical microorganisms |
| CN105819927A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-03 | 重庆彩蝶谷生态农业科技有限公司 | Method for preparing fruit tree organic fertilizer by taking fresh chicken feces as raw material |
| CN106518466A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-03-22 | 重庆市潼南区五桂有机肥有限公司 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer |
| CN109438015A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-03-08 | 广东巴斯德环境科技有限公司 | A method of biological organic fertilizer is made using pig manure |
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2020
- 2020-05-14 CN CN202010405078.7A patent/CN111517851A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006096825A2 (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-14 | Blue Water Investments | Processes to beneficiate heat-dried biosolid pellets |
| CN101851125A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-10-06 | 杨春和 | Agricultural waste-composting treatment method |
| CN101851124A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-10-06 | 杨春和 | Agricultural waste anaerobic digestion process taking steam explosion as pretreatment |
| US20140311199A1 (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2014-10-23 | Florentaise | Method for multiplying phytobenefical microorganisms |
| CN105819927A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-03 | 重庆彩蝶谷生态农业科技有限公司 | Method for preparing fruit tree organic fertilizer by taking fresh chicken feces as raw material |
| CN106518466A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-03-22 | 重庆市潼南区五桂有机肥有限公司 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer |
| CN109438015A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-03-08 | 广东巴斯德环境科技有限公司 | A method of biological organic fertilizer is made using pig manure |
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