CN110668896A - Method for preparing organic fertilizer by using activated sludge of corn starch plant - Google Patents
Method for preparing organic fertilizer by using activated sludge of corn starch plant Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing an organic fertilizer by utilizing activated sludge of a corn starch factory, which comprises the steps of mixing straws, corn husks, livestock and poultry excrement, plant ash, fly ash and activated sludge, adding a microbial fermentation microbial inoculum immobilized by fine sand and carboxymethyl cellulose, and carrying out composting treatment to obtain the organic fertilizer. The invention combines the microorganism fixing technology to overcome the influence of temperature change on the activity of microorganisms in the composting process, quickens the decomposition speed of organic matters in the activated sludge, improves the degradation rate and shortens the composting time; and abundant nutrients such as organic matters, mineral substances and the like in the activated sludge are fully utilized, and the obtained sludge organic fertilizer has comprehensive nutrition and can be widely applied to the fields of agricultural production and soil improvement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of activated sludge treatment, and particularly relates to a method for preparing an organic fertilizer by using activated sludge of a corn starch factory.
Background
In recent years, our country has stronger and stronger capability in the aspect of sewage treatment, but a large amount of activated sludge is settled at the same time, and the treatment of the activated sludge is always a difficult problem in sewage treatment plants. In the past, activated sludge treatment methods mainly include landfill, throwing into the sea, incineration, land utilization, industrial utilization and the like, and with the occurrence of environmental problems and waste recycling problems, sludge can be subjected to solid state fermentation due to the fact that the sludge contains a large amount of microorganisms, organic matters and microbial metabolites adsorbed by the microorganisms, proteins, polysaccharides, cellulose and other substances, and compost is produced as the result of transportation. At present, organic matters in activated sludge are degraded into humus by mainly utilizing microorganisms, and the obtained organic fertilizer has comprehensive nutrient substances, long and stable fertilizer efficiency and certain improvement effect on soil. The composting mode mainly adopts high-temperature aerobic composting, but the temperature reaches above 60 ℃ in the composting process, the biological activities of mesophilic microorganisms and partial thermophilic microorganisms are inhibited and even die, the fermentation speed is reduced, the fermentation period is long, and meanwhile, the organic matter conversion is not comprehensive and the efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provides a method for preparing organic fertilizer by using activated sludge of a corn starch factory. The method utilizes the microorganism immobilization technology to fully and effectively convert the activated sludge, improves the fermentation efficiency, shortens the production period, treats the converted organic fertilizer, has comprehensive nutrition and good fertilizer, and can effectively improve the soil quality.
The invention principle is as follows: the invention utilizes the microbial immobilization technology to improve the biological stability of the microbes, enhance the environmental impact resistance of the microbes, enable the microbes to stably exert high efficiency in a complex environment, accelerate the reaction starting speed of microbial degradation, and simultaneously enable the immobilized material to play the role of a loosening agent, thereby being beneficial to the growth of plants. The technology is applied to the aspect of activated sludge treatment, and the characteristics of abundant nutrient substances in the activated sludge are combined, so that the activated sludge can be quickly and stably utilized, and the aims of turning the sludge into harmful substances, recycling the sludge and protecting the environment can be fulfilled.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing an organic fertilizer by utilizing activated sludge of a corn starch factory comprises the following steps:
a. and (3) mixing auxiliary materials: mixing 20-30: 15-25: 10-15: 2-6: 4-8 parts by weight of straws, corn husks, livestock and poultry excrement, plant ash and fly ash, heating and sterilizing at 105-135 ℃ by using steam for 50-60 minutes, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an auxiliary material mixture;
b. pretreating mixed sludge: mixing the auxiliary material mixture obtained in the step a with activated sludge (activated sludge obtained after sewage treatment in a corn starch production plant) in a weight ratio of 35-45: 50-70, heating and sterilizing the mixture for 40-50 minutes by using steam at 120-140 ℃, and cooling the mixture to room temperature to obtain pretreated mixed sludge;
c. composting treatment: b, adding 6-10 wt% of a fermentation microbial inoculum into the pretreated mixed sludge obtained in the step b, uniformly oscillating and mixing, and performing open-air composting for 15-20 days to obtain composted sludge;
d. and (3) carrying out post-treatment to obtain a finished product: adding brucite fiber in an amount of 5-8 wt% and calcium carbonate powder in an amount of 4-6 wt% to the composted sludge obtained in the step c, and granulating and drying to obtain an organic fertilizer;
wherein the preparation method of the zymophyte agent in the step c comprises the following steps:
s1, fully mixing bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus, saccharomycete, actinomycete, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus natto and halophilic bacteria according to the weight ratio of 18-20: 20-24: 10-15: 5-10: 10-12: 5-8: 8-12;
s2, mixing the bacterial liquid obtained in the step S1 with alpha-amylase, protease, betaine and tetrahydropyrimidine, wherein the addition amounts of the alpha-amylase, the protease, the betaine and the tetrahydropyrimidine are respectively 6-9 wt%, 8-10 wt%, 2-4 wt% and 1-3 wt% of the bacterial liquid obtained in the step S1, so as to obtain a composite bacterial liquid;
s3, mixing the compound bacterial liquid obtained in the step S2 with sterile normal saline according to the volume ratio of 1:99 to obtain mixed bacterial liquid;
s4, drying the fine sand, sterilizing the fine sand for 15 minutes at 121 ℃, cooling the fine sand to 30-35 ℃, adding the fine sand into the mixed bacterial liquid according to the proportion of 15-20 wt% of the mixed bacterial liquid, and oscillating the fine sand in a shaker at 35 ℃ and 200rpm for 24 hours;
s5, adding a carboxymethyl cellulose solution with the carboxymethyl cellulose content of 3-5 wt% into the solution obtained in the step (S4), wherein the addition amount is 10-15 wt%, oscillating uniformly, and standing to prepare the fermentation inoculum.
Preferably, the weight parts of the straws, the corn husks, the livestock and poultry manure, the plant ash and the fly ash in the step a are respectively 25:20:20:12.5:4: 6; the heating sterilization temperature is 120 ℃, and the time is 55 minutes.
Preferably, the straws in the step a are at least one of corn straws, wheat straws, rice straws, peanut branches and leaves and fruit branches and leaves; the corn bran is produced in the starch production process of a corn starch factory; the livestock manure is at least one of cow manure, chicken manure, pig manure and sheep manure. The plant ash is ash generated after the plant burns, so that the plant ash contains mineral elements contained in the plant; the fly ash is ash slag discharged from a flue of flue gas generated after coal combustion, contains rich mineral substances, and has the functions of adsorption, coagulation and precipitation.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the auxiliary material mixture to the activated sludge in the step b is 40:60, the heating sterilization temperature is 130 ℃, and the time is 45 minutes.
Preferably, the addition amount of the fermentation inoculum in step c is 8 wt%.
Preferably, a vent pipe is inserted into the compost during composting in the step c, so that the normal operation of aerobic fermentation is ensured.
Preferably, in the step S1 of the preparation method of the fermentation inoculum in the step c, the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis, the lactobacillus, the saccharomycetes, the actinomycetes, the photosynthetic bacteria, the bacillus natto and the halophilic bacteria is 18-20: 20-24: 10-15: 5-10: 10-12: 5-8: 8-12.
Furthermore, in the step S1 of the preparation method of the fermentation bacterial agent in the step c, the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis, the lactobacillus, the saccharomycete, the actinomycete, the photosynthetic bacteria, the bacillus natto and the halophilic bacteria is 19:22:12.5:7.5:11:6.5: 10. Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and herba TaxilliThe viable bacteria content of the actinomycetes, the photosynthetic bacteria, the Bacillus natto and the halophilic bacteria is 2.34 × 105CFU/g、3.18×105CFU/g、1.06×105CFU/g、4.98×104CFU/g、1.40×105CFU/g、6.53×104CFU/g、3.64×104CFU/g。
Preferably, in step S2, the addition amounts of the a-amylase, the protease, the betaine, and the tetrahydropyrimidine in step S2 are 7.5 wt%, 9 wt%, 3 wt%, and 2 wt%, respectively. Wherein, alpha-amylase hydrolyzes residual starch molecules in the activated sludge into short-chain dextrin, oligosaccharide and a small amount of maltose and glucose; the protease hydrolyzes a large amount of macromolecular proteins or peptide chains in the activated sludge into micromolecular prions, peptones or amino acids in advance, so that the utilization of microorganisms is facilitated; betaine and tetrahydropyrimidine are compatible solvents, and can balance the osmotic pressure of cells under extreme environments of microorganisms, and provide stress resistance assistance for proteins, DNA, cell membranes and whole cells.
Preferably, the concentration of the sterile physiological saline in the step S3 of the preparation method of the fermentation inoculum in the step c is 0.85-0.90%.
Preferably, the weight percentage of the fine sand added in the step S4 of the method for preparing the fermentation inoculum in the step c is 17.5 wt%; the fine sand is at least one of river sand, sea sand and washed sand.
Preferably, in step S5 of the method for preparing a fermentation inoculum in step c, the concentration of the carboxymethyl cellulose solution is 4 wt%, and the addition amount is 12.5 wt%.
The fine sand and the carboxymethyl cellulose are carriers for fixing microorganisms, wherein the fine sand has a large surface area, the microorganisms can be attached to the surface of the fine sand, but the microorganisms are not fixed firmly and are easy to fall off, and the microorganisms can be well fixed on the fine sand by virtue of the adhesiveness and the adsorptivity of the carboxymethyl cellulose, so that a sufficient place is provided for the propagation of the microorganisms.
Preferably, the adding amount of the brucite fiber in the step d is 6.5 wt% of the sludge after composting, and the adding amount of the calcium carbonate powder is 5 wt% of the sludge after composting.
Preferably, the particle size of the granules granulated in the step d is 5-8 mm; the drying temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the drying time is 30-60 minutes.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method comprises the steps of adding a plurality of components such as straws, corn husks, livestock and poultry manure, plant ash and fly ash into activated sludge, carrying out aerobic fermentation under the action of a fermentation microbial inoculum, wherein microorganisms in the fermentation microbial inoculum are adsorbed on a carrier through a fixing technology, and the stress resistance of the microorganisms in an extreme environment is enhanced by adding compatible solvents such as betaine and tetrahydropyrimidine; the invention fully utilizes the rich nutrients such as organic matters, mineral substances and the like in the activated sludge, and the obtained sludge organic fertilizer has comprehensive nutrition and can be widely applied to the fields of agricultural production and soil improvement; meanwhile, the microbial immobilization technology is combined, so that the influence of temperature change on microbial activity in the composting process is overcome, the decomposition speed of organic matters in the activated sludge is accelerated, the degradation rate is improved, and the composting time is shortened. The data show that compared with about 40 days of common composting, the composting time of the activated sludge can be improved to be finished in 15 days, and the degradation rate of organic matters in the activated sludge can reach about 32%.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 20 parts by weight of corn straws, 18 parts by weight of corn husks, 10 parts by weight of cow dung, 4 parts by weight of plant ash and 5 parts by weight of fly ash, heating for 50 minutes by using steam at 115 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an auxiliary material mixture;
(2) mixing 35 parts by weight of the auxiliary material mixture obtained in the step (1) with 65 parts by weight of activated sludge with 50% of water content, heating the mixture for 40 minutes by using steam at 130 ℃, and cooling the mixture to room temperature to obtain pretreated mixed sludge;
(3) oscillating and mixing the pretreated mixed sludge obtained in the step (2) with a fermentation microbial inoculum, wherein the fermentation microbial inoculum is 6 wt% of the pretreated mixed sludge, piling the pile in the open air, and performing static aerobic fermentation for 20 days under an aerobic ventilation condition to obtain composted sludge;
(4) and (3) adding brucite fiber and calcium carbonate powder into the composted sludge obtained in the step (3), wherein the brucite fiber accounts for 6 wt% of the composted sludge, and the calcium carbonate powder accounts for 5 wt% of the composted sludge, granulating, and drying at 45 ℃ for 40 minutes to obtain the organic fertilizer with the particle size of 5 mm.
The preparation method of the fermentation inoculant in the step (3) comprises the following steps:
(S1) uniformly mixing 1.8 parts by weight of bacillus subtilis, 1.0 part by weight of photosynthetic bacteria, 2.0 parts by weight of lactic acid bacteria, 0.5 part by weight of actinomycetes, 1.2 parts by weight of saccharomycetes, 0.5 part by weight of bacillus natto and 0.8 part by weight of halophilic bacteria;
(S2) mixing the premixed strain obtained in the step (S1) with alpha-amylase, protease, betaine and tetrahydropyrimidine to obtain a composite bacterial liquid, wherein the alpha-amylase, the protease, the betaine and the tetrahydropyrimidine are respectively 6 wt%, 9 wt%, 2 wt% and 2 wt% of the premixed strain;
(S3) mixing the compound bacterial liquid obtained in the step (S2) with sterile normal saline with the mass concentration of 0.85% according to the volume ratio of 99:1 to obtain mixed bacterial liquid;
(S4) drying river sand, sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 15 minutes, cooling to 30 ℃, adding the mixed bacterial liquid, and oscillating in a shaker at 35 ℃ and 200rpm for 20 hours, wherein the sand is 20 wt% of the mixed bacterial liquid;
(S5) adding carboxymethyl cellulose with the mass concentration of 4% into the solution obtained in the step (S4), wherein the weight of the carboxymethyl cellulose is 10 wt% of that of the solution obtained in the step (S4), uniformly oscillating, and standing to obtain a zymophyte liquid.
Example two:
the preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 25 parts by weight of corn straws, 20 parts by weight of corn husks, 12 parts by weight of cow dung, 3 parts by weight of plant ash and 6 parts by weight of fly ash, heating for 55 minutes by using steam at 120 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an auxiliary material mixture;
(2) mixing 40 parts by weight of the auxiliary material mixture obtained in the step (1) with 60 parts by weight of activated sludge with 50% of water content, heating the mixture for 50 minutes by using steam at 135 ℃, and cooling the mixture to room temperature to obtain pretreated mixed sludge;
(3) oscillating and mixing the pretreated mixed sludge obtained in the step (2) with a fermentation inoculum, wherein the fermentation inoculum is 8 wt% of the pretreated mixed sludge, piling the pile in the open air, and performing static aerobic fermentation for 18 days under an aerobic ventilation condition to obtain composted sludge;
(4) and (3) adding brucite fiber and calcium carbonate powder into the composted sludge obtained in the step (3), wherein the brucite fiber accounts for 5 wt% of the composted sludge, and the calcium carbonate powder accounts for 4 wt% of the composted sludge, granulating, and drying at 40 ℃ for 50 minutes to obtain the organic fertilizer with the particle size of 6 mm.
The preparation method of the fermentation inoculant in the step (3) comprises the following steps:
(S1) uniformly mixing 1.9 parts by weight of bacillus subtilis, 1.1 parts by weight of photosynthetic bacteria, 2.1 parts by weight of lactic acid bacteria, 0.6 part by weight of actinomycetes, 1.0 part by weight of saccharomycetes, 0.6 part by weight of bacillus natto and 1.2 parts by weight of halophilic bacteria;
(S2) mixing the premixed strain obtained in the step (S1) with alpha-amylase, protease, betaine and tetrahydropyrimidine to obtain a composite bacterial liquid, wherein the alpha-amylase, the protease, the betaine and the tetrahydropyrimidine are respectively 9 wt%, 8 wt%, 4 wt% and 1 wt% of the premixed strain;
(S3) mixing the compound bacterial liquid obtained in the step (S2) with sterile normal saline with the mass concentration of 0.85% according to the volume ratio of 99:1 to obtain mixed bacterial liquid;
(S4) drying sea sand, sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 15 minutes, cooling to 30 ℃, adding the mixed bacterial liquid, and oscillating in a shaker at 35 ℃ and 200rpm for 20 hours, wherein the sand is 18 wt% of the mixed bacterial liquid;
(S5) adding carboxymethyl cellulose with the mass concentration of 3% into the solution obtained in the step (S4), wherein the weight of the carboxymethyl cellulose is 14 wt% of the solution obtained in the step (S4), uniformly oscillating, and standing to obtain a zymophyte liquid.
Example three:
the preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 28 parts by weight of wheat straw, 16 parts by weight of corn bran, 18 parts by weight of chicken manure, 4 parts by weight of plant ash and 5 parts by weight of fly ash, heating for 50 minutes by steam at 125 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an auxiliary material mixture;
(2) mixing 42 parts by weight of the auxiliary material mixture obtained in the step (1) with 58 parts by weight of activated sludge with 50% of water content, heating the mixture for 50 minutes by using steam at the temperature of 140 ℃, and cooling the mixture to room temperature to obtain pretreated mixed sludge;
(3) oscillating and mixing the pretreated mixed sludge obtained in the step (2) with a fermentation microbial inoculum, wherein the fermentation microbial inoculum is 7 wt% of the pretreated mixed sludge, piling the pile in the open air, and performing static aerobic fermentation for 18 days under an aerobic ventilation condition to obtain composted sludge;
(4) and (3) adding brucite fiber and calcium carbonate powder into the composted sludge obtained in the step (3), wherein the brucite fiber accounts for 8 wt% of the composted sludge, and the calcium carbonate powder accounts for 5 wt% of the composted sludge, granulating, and drying at 55 ℃ for 40 minutes to obtain the organic fertilizer with the particle size of 7 mm.
The preparation method of the fermentation inoculant in the step (3) comprises the following steps:
(S1) uniformly mixing 1.9 parts by weight of bacillus subtilis, 1.0 part by weight of photosynthetic bacteria, 2.2 parts by weight of lactic acid bacteria, 0.7 part by weight of actinomycetes, 1.3 parts by weight of saccharomycetes, 0.8 part by weight of bacillus natto and 0.8 part by weight of halophilic bacteria;
(S2) mixing the premixed strain obtained in the step (S1) with alpha-amylase, protease, betaine and tetrahydropyrimidine to obtain a composite bacterial liquid, wherein the alpha-amylase, the protease, the betaine and the tetrahydropyrimidine are respectively 7 wt%, 10 wt%, 3 wt% and 1 wt% of the premixed strain;
(S3) mixing the compound bacterial liquid obtained in the step (S2) with sterile normal saline with the mass concentration of 0.85% according to the volume ratio of 99:1 to obtain mixed bacterial liquid;
(S4) drying river sand, sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 15 minutes, cooling to 30 ℃, adding the mixed bacterial liquid, and oscillating in a shaker at 35 ℃ and 200rpm for 20 hours, wherein the sand is 17 wt% of the mixed bacterial liquid;
(S5) adding carboxymethyl cellulose with the mass concentration of 5% into the solution obtained in the step (S4), wherein the weight of the carboxymethyl cellulose is 12 wt% of the solution obtained in the step (S4), uniformly oscillating, and standing to obtain a zymophyte liquid.
Example four:
the preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 10 parts by weight of corn straw, 10 parts by weight of wheat straw, 8 parts by weight of peanut branches and leaves, 15 parts by weight of corn bran, 25 parts by weight of pig manure, 3 parts by weight of plant ash and 8 parts by weight of fly ash, heating for 60 minutes by using steam at 135 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an auxiliary material mixture;
(2) mixing 45 parts by weight of the auxiliary material mixture obtained in the step (1) with 55 parts by weight of activated sludge with 50% of water content, heating the mixture for 50 minutes by using steam at 135 ℃, and cooling the mixture to room temperature to obtain pretreated mixed sludge;
(3) oscillating and mixing the pretreated mixed sludge obtained in the step (2) with a fermentation microbial inoculum, wherein the fermentation microbial inoculum is 10 wt% of the pretreated mixed sludge, piling the pile in the open air, and performing static aerobic fermentation for 15 days under an aerobic ventilation condition to obtain composted sludge;
(4) and (3) adding brucite fiber and calcium carbonate powder into the composted sludge obtained in the step (3), wherein the brucite fiber accounts for 7 wt% of the composted sludge, the calcium carbonate powder accounts for 6 wt% of the composted sludge, and granulating and drying at 40 ℃ for 60 minutes to obtain the organic fertilizer with the particle size of 6 mm.
The preparation method of the fermentation inoculant in the step (3) comprises the following steps:
(S1) uniformly mixing 2.0 parts by weight of bacillus subtilis, 1.0 part by weight of photosynthetic bacteria, 2.3 parts by weight of lactic acid bacteria, 0.5 part by weight of actinomycetes, 1.1 part by weight of saccharomycetes, 0.6 part by weight of bacillus natto and 1.1 parts by weight of halophilic bacteria;
(S2) mixing the premixed strain obtained in the step (S1) with alpha-amylase, protease, betaine and tetrahydropyrimidine to obtain a composite bacterial liquid, wherein the alpha-amylase, the protease, the betaine and the tetrahydropyrimidine are respectively 9 wt%, 4 wt% and 1 wt% of the premixed strain;
(S3) mixing the compound bacterial liquid obtained in the step (S2) with sterile normal saline with the mass concentration of 0.85% according to the volume ratio of 99:1 to obtain mixed bacterial liquid;
(S4) drying river sand, sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 15min, cooling to 30 ℃, adding the mixed bacterial liquid, and oscillating in a shaker at 35 ℃ and 200rpm for 20 hours, wherein the pine sand is 20 wt% of the mixed bacterial liquid;
(S5) adding carboxymethyl cellulose with the mass concentration of 4% into the solution obtained in the step (S4), wherein the weight of the carboxymethyl cellulose is 15 wt% of the solution obtained in the step (S4), uniformly oscillating, and standing to obtain a zymophyte liquid.
Comparative example:
the preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps (the zymophyte agent in the organic fertilizer is not immobilized):
(1) mixing 10 parts by weight of corn straw, 10 parts by weight of wheat straw, 8 parts by weight of peanut branches and leaves, 15 parts by weight of corn bran, 25 parts by weight of pig manure, 3 parts by weight of plant ash and 8 parts by weight of fly ash, heating for 60 minutes by using steam at 135 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an auxiliary material mixture;
(2) mixing 45 parts by weight of the auxiliary material mixture obtained in the step (1) with 55 parts by weight of activated sludge with 50% of water content, heating the mixture for 50 minutes by using steam at 135 ℃, and cooling the mixture to room temperature to obtain pretreated mixed sludge;
(3) oscillating and mixing the pretreated mixed sludge obtained in the step (2) with a fermentation microbial inoculum, wherein the fermentation microbial inoculum is 10 wt% of the pretreated mixed sludge, piling the pile in the open air, and performing static aerobic fermentation for 15 days under an aerobic ventilation condition to obtain composted sludge;
(4) and (3) adding brucite fiber and calcium carbonate powder into the composted sludge obtained in the step (3), wherein the brucite fiber accounts for 7 wt% of the composted sludge, the calcium carbonate powder accounts for 6 wt% of the composted sludge, and granulating and drying at 40 ℃ for 60 minutes to obtain the organic fertilizer with the particle size of 6 mm.
The preparation method of the fermentation inoculant in the step (3) comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 2.0 parts by weight of bacillus subtilis, 1.0 part by weight of photosynthetic bacteria, 2.3 parts by weight of lactic acid bacteria, 0.5 part by weight of actinomycetes, 1.1 part by weight of saccharomycetes, 0.6 part by weight of bacillus natto and 1.1 part by weight of halophilic bacteria to obtain the fermentation microbial inoculum.
The change conditions of the main components of the activated sludge after composting in the fourth embodiment of the invention and the comparative embodiment are shown in the table 1:
TABLE 1 variation of the content of the main component of the composted product of example four and comparative example
In the fourth example, the degradation rate of organic matters of the composted products is 31.77 percent, which is 12.72 percent higher than that of the organic matters of the comparison group; in example four, the mass fraction of total nutrients in the composted product (on a dry basis) reaches 8.55%, wherein the mass fraction of N: p2O6:K2O＝1.61％：4.47％：1.84％。
Experimental example:
and selecting 40 mu of farmland with similar quality to plant the same batch of Chinese cabbages, wherein 20 mu of farmland applied with the organic fertilizer prepared by the fourth embodiment of the invention is used as an experimental group, and the other 20 mu of farmland applied with the organic fertilizer prepared by the comparative embodiment of the invention is used as a control group, 100kg of organic fertilizer is applied to each mu of farmland, and under the same production environment and planting management mode, the Chinese cabbages applied with the two organic fertilizers are respectively sampled and checked, so that the Chinese cabbages applied with the organic fertilizer of the experimental group germinate earlier than the Chinese cabbages applied with the control group, the survival rate is high, the growth vigor is good, the Chinese cabbages are full after being matured, the leaves are tender green, and the germination rate, the survival rate, the average plant height, the plant diameter and the yield per mu of the harvested experimental group are respectively 15.2%, 21.
It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preparing an organic fertilizer by utilizing activated sludge of a corn starch factory is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. and (3) mixing auxiliary materials: mixing 20-30: 15-25: 10-15: 2-6: 4-8 parts by weight of straws, corn husks, livestock and poultry excrement, plant ash and fly ash, heating and sterilizing at 105-135 ℃ by using steam for 50-60 minutes, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an auxiliary material mixture;
b. pretreating mixed sludge: mixing the auxiliary material mixture obtained in the step a with activated sludge according to a weight ratio of 35-45: 50-70, heating and sterilizing the mixture for 40-50 minutes by using steam at 120-140 ℃, and cooling the mixture to room temperature to obtain pretreated mixed sludge;
c. composting treatment: b, adding 6-10 wt% of a fermentation microbial inoculum into the pretreated mixed sludge obtained in the step b, uniformly oscillating and mixing, and performing open-air composting for 15-20 days to obtain composted sludge;
d. and (3) carrying out post-treatment to obtain a finished product: adding brucite fiber in an amount of 5-8 wt% and calcium carbonate powder in an amount of 4-6 wt% to the composted sludge obtained in the step c, and granulating and drying to obtain an organic fertilizer;
wherein the preparation method of the zymophyte agent in the step c comprises the following steps:
s1, fully mixing bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus, saccharomycete, actinomycete, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus natto and halophilic bacteria according to the weight ratio of 18-20: 20-24: 10-15: 5-10: 10-12: 5-8: 8-12;
s2, mixing the bacterial liquid obtained in the step S1 with alpha-amylase, protease, betaine and tetrahydropyrimidine, wherein the addition amounts of the alpha-amylase, the protease, the betaine and the tetrahydropyrimidine are respectively 6-9 wt%, 8-10 wt%, 2-4 wt% and 1-3 wt% of the bacterial liquid obtained in the step S1, so as to obtain a composite bacterial liquid;
s3, mixing the compound bacterial liquid obtained in the step S2 with sterile normal saline according to the volume ratio of 1:99 to obtain mixed bacterial liquid;
s4, drying the fine sand, sterilizing the fine sand for 15 minutes at 121 ℃, cooling the fine sand to 30-35 ℃, adding the fine sand into the mixed bacterial liquid according to the proportion of 15-20 wt% of the mixed bacterial liquid, and oscillating the fine sand in a shaker at 35 ℃ and 200rpm for 24 hours;
s5, adding a carboxymethyl cellulose solution with the carboxymethyl cellulose content of 3-5 wt% into the solution obtained in the step (S4), wherein the addition amount is 10-15 wt%, oscillating uniformly, and standing to prepare the fermentation inoculum.
2. The method for preparing organic fertilizer by using activated sludge of corn starch factory as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the weight parts of the straws, the corn husks, the livestock and poultry manure, the plant ash and the fly ash in the step a are respectively 25:20:20:12.5:4: 6; the heating sterilization temperature is 120 ℃, and the time is 55 minutes.
3. The method for preparing organic fertilizer by using activated sludge of corn starch factory as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the step b, the weight ratio of the auxiliary material mixture to the activated sludge is 40:60, the heating sterilization temperature is 130 ℃, and the time is 45 minutes.
4. The method for preparing organic fertilizer by using activated sludge of corn starch factory as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the addition amount of the zymophyte agent in the step c is 8 wt%; the compost is inserted with a vent pipe during composting treatment.
5. The method for preparing organic fertilizer by using activated sludge of corn starch factory as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S1 of the preparation method of the fermentation inoculum in the step c, the weight ratio of bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus, saccharomycete, actinomycete, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus natto and halophilic bacteria is 18-20: 20-24: 10-15: 5-10: 10-12: 5-8: 8-12.
6. The method for preparing organic fertilizer by using activated sludge of corn starch factory as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: in the step S1 of the preparation method of the fermentation inoculum in the step c, the weight ratio of the bacillus subtilis, the lactic acid bacteria, the yeast, the actinomycetes, the photosynthetic bacteria, the bacillus natto and the halophilic bacteria is 19:22:12.5:7.5:11:6.5: 10.
7. The method for preparing organic fertilizer by using activated sludge of corn starch factory as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and c, adding the alpha-amylase, the protease, the betaine and the tetrahydropyrimidine in the step S2 of the preparation method of the fermentation microbial inoculum in the step c into the fermentation microbial inoculum respectively by 7.5 wt%, 9 wt%, 3 wt% and 2 wt%.
8. The method for preparing organic fertilizer by using activated sludge of corn starch factory as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the weight percentage of the fine sand added in the step S4 of the fermentation inoculum preparation method in the step c is 17.5 wt%; in the step S5 of the preparation method of the fermentation inoculum in the step c, the concentration of the carboxymethyl cellulose solution is 4 wt%, and the addition amount is 12.5 wt%.
9. The method for preparing organic fertilizer by using activated sludge of corn starch factory as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the step d, the adding amount of the brucite fiber is 6.5 wt% of the composted sludge, and the adding amount of the calcium carbonate powder is 5 wt% of the composted sludge.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111493227A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-08-07 | 潍坊盛泰药业有限公司 | Method for producing fermented feed by using activated sludge of corn starch factory |
| CN113142014A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-07-23 | 中建三局绿色产业投资有限公司 | Alkaline river silt-based garden green planting soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN113321557A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-08-31 | 厦门春昀园林建设工程有限公司 | Organic fertilizer and composting method thereof |
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| CN102381891A (en) * | 2011-07-23 | 2012-03-21 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by using activated sludge |
| CN105948885A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-09-21 | 涿州市兴源肥料有限公司 | Activated sludge organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102381891A (en) * | 2011-07-23 | 2012-03-21 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by using activated sludge |
| CN105948885A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-09-21 | 涿州市兴源肥料有限公司 | Activated sludge organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111493227A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-08-07 | 潍坊盛泰药业有限公司 | Method for producing fermented feed by using activated sludge of corn starch factory |
| CN113142014A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-07-23 | 中建三局绿色产业投资有限公司 | Alkaline river silt-based garden green planting soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN113321557A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-08-31 | 厦门春昀园林建设工程有限公司 | Organic fertilizer and composting method thereof |
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