CN111481612A - 治疗人体关节急、慢性运动损伤和肌肉拉伤的自热式精油贴及其制备方法 - Google Patents
治疗人体关节急、慢性运动损伤和肌肉拉伤的自热式精油贴及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗人体关节急、慢性运动损伤和肌肉拉伤的自热式精油贴,其特征在于,所述的自热式精油贴包括固定层、蒸汽加热发生层以及精油药芯层;所述的固定层由无纺布、橡胶松紧带和胶粘剂组成,用于将蒸汽加热发生层和精油药芯层固定在身体受伤部位;所述蒸汽加热发生层是由铁氧化还原反应的化学发热材料组成;所述精油药芯层是由精油药液吸附于无纺棉布制备。本发明所述自热式精油贴透皮吸收效果好,温度在38‑45℃之间保持50‑80分钟,使用过程不会带来运动束缚,能快速缓解急,慢性关节损伤,肌肉拉伤引起的红肿、疼痛。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中医药领域,具体涉及一种用于治疗人体关节运动损伤和肌肉拉伤的自热式精油贴及其制备方法。
背景技术
运动损伤是指在体育运动中、比赛中、训练中、教学中等所发生的各种损伤。造成运动损伤的原因有很多,主观原因包括思想因素、不做准备活动或准备活动不充分、技术上存在缺点错误、身体素质以及疲劳等方面;客观原因有教学、训练和比赛工作方式不当、运动场地设备有缺点以及不良天气因素的影响等等诸多因素。运动损伤按时间可分为急性损伤、新伤和慢性损伤。运动损伤中急性损伤多于慢性损伤,急性损伤治疗不当、不及时或过早参加训练等原因可转化为慢性损伤。运动损伤初软组织、血管受损,临床表现为肿胀,癖血,疼痛。中医病机概括为:脉络受损,气血凝滞,卫离经,癖滞于肌膝,气血不畅,“不通则痛”。因此,处理运动损伤症状,疏通气机,调畅血脉尤为重要。
目前,西医主张口服非昌体类消炎药物,但是对伤后肿胀疲斑的消散作用不是很明显,且其服用所带来的副作用有目共睹,直接影响患者的身心健康,导致很多患者在服药一两次后就停用,任凭创伤肿胀的自然消退,这样往往散疲消肿时间较长;中医采用辨证施治口服活血化疲药物,其疗效值得肯定,但是还存在着疗效慢,远期疗效差的问题。
公开号CN 104257967A申请公开了”一种治疗运动损伤的中药”,该药由血竭10-15份、虎杖10-15份、见风消10-15份、乳香20-30份、没药20-30份、土鳖虫10-15份、红花10-15份、透骨草9-15份、生川乌9-15份、生草乌9-15份、生大黄15-20份、海桐皮15-30份、当归20-30份制成外用剂。它虽然可以治疗治疗运动损伤,且是一种外用敷药,但仅靠体温作用,起效速度还是受到很大制约,透皮吸收效果不理想,且只适用于急性闭和组织损伤的治疗。
公开号CN 108355003A申请公开了”一种用于治疗运动损伤的外用膏药“该药由紫荆皮10-15g、生大黄12-20g、生当归12-20g、红花15-20g、生黄答12-20g、生黄柏12-20g、生桅子15-20g、连翘10-15g、天花粉10-15g、生地黄15-20g、生侧伯叶12-20g、生荆芥10-15g、生防风10-15g、冰片90-110g、苦参12-15g、骨碎补15-20g、自然铜15-20g磨粉制成药膏。它也可以治疗治疗运动损,但是药物有效成分主要集中在中药颗粒中,其有效成分要渗透到皮肤的过程存在一定阻碍,影响药物的利用率和透皮吸收效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,克服现有技术缺陷,提供一种治疗人体关节急、慢性运动损伤和肌肉拉伤的自热式精油贴及其制备方法。
为了达到上述目的,本发明提供了一种治疗人体关节急、慢性运动损伤和肌肉拉伤的自热式精油贴,其特征在于,所述的自热式精油贴由外至内包括固定层、蒸汽加热发生层以及精油药芯层;
所述的固定层由无纺布和胶粘剂等组成,用于将蒸汽加热发生层和精油药芯层固定在身体受伤部位;所述蒸汽加热发生层是由铁氧化还原反应的化学发热材料组成;所述精油药芯层是由精油药液吸附于无纺棉布制备。
优选地,所述蒸汽加热发生层的材料组成(质量百分数)为:活性炭15~25%、铁粉40~55%、水25~40%、蛭石4~10%、食用盐1~5%、吸水树脂0.5~2%。
优选地,所述精油药液由以下原料(质量百分数)制成:焦样薄荷油5%~10%、冬青油10%~15%、樟脑3%~8%、丁香油1%~5%、田七提取液5%~10%、防风提取液5%~10%、红花提取液1%~5%、续断提取液5%~10%、杜仲提取液1%~5%、独活提取液5%~10%、散瘀草提取液5%~10%、白牛胆提取液1%~5%、穿山龙提取液5%~10%、苦良姜提取液5%~10%、老鹳草提取液5%~10%。
优选地,所述的固定层带有固定蒸汽加热发生层的固定袋。
本发明还提供了上述治疗人体关节急、慢性运动损伤和肌肉拉伤的自热式精油贴的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:固定层的制备:
采用无纺布、橡胶松紧带和胶粘剂制备出带有固定蒸汽加热发生层的固定袋的具有弹性的固定层;
步骤2:蒸汽发热层的制备:
在通有氮气保护的搅拌釜中加入水、食盐、蛭石、活性炭和吸水树脂搅拌20~40min,随后加入铁粉搅拌5-10min制得混合均匀的松散半固体颗粒混合物,将所述混合液分装在无纺布袋中,用塑料袋密封即得所述蒸汽加热发生层;
步骤3:精油药芯层的制备:
首先使用无纺棉布吸附精油药液制得精油药液棉片,再将精油药液棉片粘贴在背衬层上制得精油药芯层使用层,最后将防粘层覆盖在精油药芯层使用层上面制得所述精油药芯层;装入塑料袋密封完成包装。
优选地,所述步骤2中蒸汽加热发生层的材料组成(质量百分数)为:活性炭15~25%、铁粉40~55%、水25~40%、蛭石4~10%、食用盐1~5%、吸水树脂0.5~2%。
优选地,所述步骤3中精油药液由以下原料(质量百分数)制成:焦样薄荷油5%~10%、冬青油10%~15%、樟脑3%~8%、丁香油1%~5%、田七提取液5%~10%、防风提取液5%~10%、红花提取液1%~5%、续断提取液5%~10%、杜仲提取液1%~5%、独活提取液5%~10%、散瘀草提取液5%~10%、白牛胆提取液1%~5%、穿山龙提取液5%~10%、苦良姜提取液5%~10%、老鹳草提取液5%~10%。
更优选地,所述田七提取液、防风提取液、红花提取液、续断提取液、杜仲提取液、独活提取液、散瘀草提取液、白牛胆提取液、穿山龙提取液、苦良姜提取液、老鹳草提取液的提取方法为单一提取具体步骤如下:
每100克某一种中药粉(100~150目)中加入500毫升萃取液(体积百分数40%乙醇+60%水)在100℃下回流萃取0.5~1.5h,过滤得该中药提取液。
本发明精油药芯层中原料的药理分析如下:
薄荷:性凉,味辛。归肺经、肝经。功效与作用:宣散风热、清头目、透疹。属解表药下属分类的辛凉解表药。药理研究:具有发汗、解热、缓解胃肠平滑肌痉挛、兴奋中枢神经、促进呼吸道腺体分泌而具消炎及解痉等作用;还能刺激神经末梢冷感受器而产生冷感,并反向性地造成深部组织血管的变化而起到消炎、止痛、止痒作用。
冬青:性凉,味苦、涩。归肺经、大肠经、膀胱经。功效与作用:清热解毒,消肿祛瘀。属清热药下属分类的清热解毒药。药理研究:可用于治疗实验性烫伤;对心血管系统,能扩张冠脉血管、降低心肌耗氧量;具有抗菌、抗炎作用,轻度抑制小鼠实验性HF肉瘤作用。
樟脑:性热,味辛,有毒。归心经、脾经。功效与作用:开窍辟秽、除湿杀虫、温散止痛。属开窍药。药理研究:可兴奋中枢神经系统,对于高级中枢尤为显著;对循环性虚脱或急性心功能衰竭有强心作用;其水溶性代谢产物有明显的强心、升压和兴奋呼吸的作用;对皮肤有温和的刺激及防腐作用;对胃肠道黏膜的刺激,小剂量使胃感到温暖及舒适,大量则能产生恶心呕吐;并有轻微的祛痰作用。
丁香油:味辛,性温。归胃经、脾经、肾经。功效与作用:温中降逆、补肾助阳。属温里药。药理研究:抗胃溃疡,止泻,利胆,镇痛,抗缺氧,抗凝血,抗突变,抑菌杀虫。具健胃作用,浸出液具有明显的刺激胃液分泌作用,并能缓解腹胀、恶心、呕吐等。另外,对多种致病性真菌、球菌、链球菌及肺炎、痢疾、大肠、伤寒等杆菌以及流感病毒有抑制作用。
红花:辛,温。归经:入心、肝经。功效与作用:活血通经、散瘀止痛。属活血化瘀药下属分类的活血调经药。药理研究:具有轻度兴奋心脏、降低冠脉阻力、增加冠脉流量和心肌营养性血流量的作用;抗心肌缺血、心肌梗死、心律失常;改善外周微循环障碍;抗凝血;降血脂;提高耐缺氧能力;兴奋子宫;缓解肠道痉挛;具有免疫活性和抗炎作用;能减轻脑组织中单胺类神经介质的代谢紊乱。
防风:性温,味甘、辛。归膀胱经、肝经、脾经。功效与作用:发表、祛风、除湿。属解表药下分类辛温解表药。药理研究:解热、降温;镇痛、镇静和抗惊厥;抗菌;抗炎;增强免疫系统功能;
田七:性温,味甘、微苦。归肝经、胃经。功效与作用:散瘀止血、消肿定痛。属止血药下属分类的化瘀止血药。药理研究:三七提取物有强心、降压、保肝、抗炎、降低血中胆固醇、免疫调节和抗病毒作用。总面言之,对血液及造血系统具有止血、抗血小板聚集及溶栓、溶血、造血等作用;对心血管系统具有抗心律失常、抗动脉粥样硬化、耐缺氧及抗休克、改善脑缺血等作用;对神经系统具有中枢神经抑制、镇痛等作用;可增强免疫功能,保护肝功能,抗肿瘤,延缓衰老,降血糖,抗炎,调节物质代谢,促进生长;毒性较低,长期用药基本无副反应。
续断:性微温,味苦、辛。归肝经、肾经。功效与作用:补肝肾、强筋骨、续折伤、止崩漏。属补虚药下分类的补阳药。药理研究:具有抗菌消炎、增强免疫调节、抗氧化及抗衰老、促进骨损伤愈合、抗早产流产的作用。
杜仲:性温,味微辛。归肝经、肾经。功效与作用:补肝肾、强筋骨。属补虚药下属分类的补阳药。药理研究:杜仲叶有镇静、镇痛、降压、抗炎等作用,还能增强机体免疫功能,促进创作性骨折的愈合。
独活:性微温,味辛、苦。归肾经、膀胱经。功效与作用:祛风除湿、通痹止痛。属祛风湿药下属分类的祛风湿散寒药。药理研究:动物实验表明,醇提物有抗血小板凝集和抗血栓作用,活性成分为二氢山芹醇、二氢山芹醇乙酸酯等。水煎剂或流浸膏对大鼠有镇静、催眠、镇痛、抗炎作用。还有降压、抗心律失常作用;具有光敏、解痉、抗肿瘤、抗菌、促进脂肪分解、兴奋呼吸等作用。
散瘀草:性苦,寒。功效与作用:消炎,凉血,接骨。药理研究:用于支气管炎,扁桃腺炎,肺热咳血,疮,疖,乳腺炎,脱肛,痔疮,肿瘤,外伤出血,烧烫伤,骨折。
白牛胆:性温,味辛、甘、微苦。功效与作用:祛风利湿,行气利湿,解毒消肿。属利水渗湿药下属分类的利水消肿药。药理研究:大力王煎剂有止咳作用,但无祛痰及平喘作用。水煎液体外对白色葡萄球菌高度敏感,对金黄色葡萄球菌、卡他球菌、大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌中度敏感。
穿山龙:性温,味甘、苦。归肝经、肾经、肺经。功效与作用:活血舒筋、祛风止痛、止咳、平喘、祛痰。属祛风湿药下分类的祛风湿强筋骨药。药理研究:有镇咳、祛痰、平喘作用;能降低兔动脉压,减慢心率,增大心肌收缩力,增加24小时的尿量,改善冠脉流量,并能显著降低血胆固醇水平;增强免疫功能,抗流感病毒作用等。
苦良姜:味苦、辛,性凉。归肺、肝经。功效与作用:清热解毒,活血消肿。药理研究:痈疖肿毒,软组织损伤,蜂螫虫咬。
老鹳草:性平,味苦、辛。归肝经、肾经、脾经。功效与作用:祛风湿,通经络,止泻痢。属祛风湿药下属分类的祛风湿强筋骨药。药理研究:有抗病毒、抗菌作用;有抗炎作用;可降低血清和肝脏内脂质过氧化物的浓度,使升高的天冬氨酸转氨酶和丙氨酸转氨酶浓度降低;有止咳、抑制诱变作用,对致癌物有抑制作用及抗氧化作用。
与现有技术相比,本发明涉及的一种治疗人体关节急、慢性运动损伤和肌肉拉伤的自热式精油贴及其制备方法具有以下优点和显著的进步:
(1)本发明的外用药贴,采用纯植物配方且有效成分是以药液形式存在,可直接敷贴于损伤处,药效直达损伤部位,能够较快的起到活血消肿止痛的效果,使用方便,无任何创伤和风险,且对急、慢性损伤都具有较佳的疗效。
(2)本发明的药贴,配有蒸汽加热片具有蒸汽加热作用,可使药贴温度在38-45℃之间保持50~80分钟,不仅可以放松毛孔,还可以增加患处的熏蒸作用,大大增强透皮吸收效果。
(3)本发明的自热式精油贴采用纯天然植物配方,可直接敷贴于损伤处,药效直达损伤部位,透皮吸收效果好,温度在38-45℃之间保持50~80分钟,使用过程不会带来额外的运动束缚,能快速缓解急,慢性关节损伤,肌肉拉伤引起的红肿、疼痛。
(4)本发明药贴的制备方法简单,易操作,成本低。
附图说明
图1一种治疗人体关节急、慢性运动损伤和肌肉拉伤的自热式精油贴的结构示意图(图1可以是本发明权利要求的其中一种表现形式,用于帮助理解本发明,但并不限定本发明)。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解,在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种治疗人体关节急、慢性运动损伤和肌肉拉伤的自热式精油贴的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)固定层的制备:
固定层由无纺布、橡胶松紧带和胶粘剂等制备出带有固定蒸汽加热发生层的固定袋的具有弹性的固定层;
(2)蒸汽发热层的制备:
在通有氮气保护的搅拌釜中加入水32克、食盐1.5克、蛭石4克、活性炭18克和吸水树脂1.5克搅拌30分钟,随后加入铁粉43克搅拌5分钟制得混合均匀的松散半固体颗粒混合物,将25克上述混合物装在无纺布袋中,用塑料袋密封即得蒸汽加热发生层;
本实施例中所述的各个组分均为工业级;
本实施例中所述的各组分均为市场上出售的常规产品;
本实施例中选用的铁粉作为热源的主要组分发生氧化反应放出热量;
本实施例中选用的活性炭、氯化钠具有催化功能;
本实施例中选用的蛙石、吸水树脂可以控制反应速度;
(3)精油药芯层的制备:
首先使用无纺棉布吸附精油药液制得精油药液棉片,再将精油药液棉片粘贴在背衬层上制得精油药芯层使用层,最后将防粘层覆盖在精油药芯层使用层上面制得所述精油药芯层,装入塑料袋密封完成包装;
其中精油药液由以下原料(质量百分数)制成:焦样薄荷油(5%~10%)、冬青油(10%~15%)、樟脑(3%~8%)、丁香油(1%~5%)田七提取液(5%~10%)、防风提取液(5%~10%)、红花提取液(1%~5%)、续断提取液(5%~10%)、杜仲提取液(1%~5%)、独活提取液(5%~10%)、散瘀草提取液(5%~10%)、白牛胆提取液(1%~5%)、穿山龙提取液(5%~10%)、苦良姜提取液(5%~10%)、老鹳草提取液(5%~10%)。
在本实施例中,所述的精油药液中的各组分可以在给出的配比范围内灵活组合,在此不一一枚举。
本实施例中所述的精油组分均为食品级。
本实施例中所述的中药提取物均是按照下面方法制得:100克某一种中药粉(100目)中加入500毫升萃取液(40%乙醇+60%水)在100℃下回流萃取1小时。过滤得该中药提取液。
(4)使用方法:将精油药芯层包装袋打开,贴于患处,在打开蒸汽发热层密封包装袋并装在固定层的固定袋中,最后将固定层和蒸汽发热层固定在精油药芯层表面,可根据自身情况控制佩戴时间在30-120分钟。
实施例2
本发明上述实施例1制得的自热式精油贴用于治疗急性运动损伤,按照上述使用方法佩戴自热式精油贴,每日一次,一次1小时,7次为一疗程。
病例:
患者王某,男,31岁,上海市奉贤区人,打篮球时左脚踝扭伤,左脚踝关节活动受限,压痛、叩击痛阳性,X线片和CT三维重建未见明显骨折线。采用本实施例药贴直接用于左脚患处,每日一次,一次1小时,七日为一疗程。患者第一日治疗后,自诉左脚踝关节疼痛明显减轻,左脚踝关节可轻微活动,第三日治疗后,左脚踝疼痛感基本消失,可正常行走。第五日治疗后,疼痛感已消失,活动自如。
实施例3
本发明上述实施例1制得的自热式精油贴用于治疗慢性运动损伤,按照上述使用方法佩戴自热式精油贴,每日一次,一次1小时,7次为一疗程。
病例:
患者刘某,男,33岁,上海市奉贤区人,膝关节慢性运动损伤,主诉爬楼梯,运动时膝关节疼痛,身体呈半蹲时膝关节疼痛无力,无法保持半蹲动作。采用本实施例药贴直接用于膝关节患处,每日一次,一次1小时,七日为一疗程。患者第三日治疗后,自诉膝关节爬楼梯时疼痛消失。第7日治疗后,自诉膝关节可以保持半蹲动作约5分钟。
实施例4
本发明上述实施例1制得的自热式精油贴用于治疗慢性运动损伤,按照上述使用方法佩戴自热式精油贴,每日一次,一次1小时,7次为一疗程。
病例:
患者朱某,男,34岁,上海市奉贤区人,肩关节慢性运动损伤,主诉抬起胳膊时肩关节疼痛。采用本实施例药贴直接用于膝关节患处,每日一次,一次1小时,七日为一疗程。患者第三日治疗后,自诉抬起胳膊时肩关节疼痛消失。第7日治疗后,自诉胳膊自由抬起转动时肩关节疼痛消失。
Claims (8)
1.一种治疗人体关节急、慢性运动损伤和肌肉拉伤的自热式精油贴,其特征在于,所述的自热式精油贴包括固定层、蒸汽加热发生层以及精油药芯层;
所述的固定层由无纺布、橡胶松紧带和胶粘剂组成,用于将蒸汽加热发生层和精油药芯层固定在身体受伤部位;所述蒸汽加热发生层是由铁氧化还原反应的化学发热材料组成;所述精油药芯层是由精油药液吸附于无纺棉布制备。
2.如权利要求1所述的治疗人体关节急、慢性运动损伤和肌肉拉伤的自热式精油贴,其特征在于,所述蒸汽加热发生层的材料组成为:按质量百分数计,活性炭15~25%、铁粉40~55%、水25~40%、蛭石4~10%、食用盐1~5%、吸水树脂0.5~2%。
3.如权利要求1所述的治疗人体关节急、慢性运动损伤和肌肉拉伤的自热式精油贴,其特征在于,所述精油药液由以下原料制成:按质量百分数计,焦样薄荷油5%~10%、冬青油10%~15%、樟脑3%~8%、丁香油1%~5%、田七提取液5%~10%、防风提取液5%~10%、红花提取液1%~5%、续断提取液5%~10%、杜仲提取液1%~5%、独活提取液5%~10%、散瘀草提取液5%~10%、白牛胆提取液1%~5%、穿山龙提取液5%~10%、苦良姜提取液5%~10%、老鹳草提取液5%~10%。
4.如权利要求1所述的治疗人体关节急、慢性运动损伤和肌肉拉伤的自热式精油贴,其特征在于,所述的固定层带有固定蒸汽加热发生层的固定袋。
5.权利要去1~4任一项所述的治疗人体关节急、慢性运动损伤和肌肉拉伤的自热式精油贴的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:固定层的制备:
采用无纺布、橡胶松紧带和胶粘剂制备出带有固定蒸汽加热发生层的固定袋的具有弹性的固定层;
步骤2:蒸汽发热层的制备:
在通有氮气保护的搅拌釜中加入水、食盐、蛭石、活性炭和吸水树脂搅拌20~40min,随后加入铁粉搅拌5-10min制得混合均匀的松散半固体颗粒混合物,将所述混合液分装在无纺布袋中,用塑料袋密封即得所述蒸汽加热发生层;
步骤3:精油药芯层的制备:
首先使用无纺棉布吸附精油药液制得精油药液棉片,再将精油药液棉片粘贴在背衬层上制得精油药芯层使用层,最后将防粘层覆盖在精油药芯层使用层上面制得所述精油药芯层;装入塑料袋密封完成包装。
6.如权利要求5所述的治疗人体关节急、慢性运动损伤和肌肉拉伤的自热式精油贴的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:所述步骤2中蒸汽加热发生层的材料组成为:按质量百分数计,活性炭15~25%、铁粉40~55%、水25~40%、蛭石4~10%、食用盐1~5%、吸水树脂0.5~2%。
7.如权利要求5所述的治疗人体关节急、慢性运动损伤和肌肉拉伤的自热式精油贴的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3中精油药液由以下原料制成:按质量百分数计,焦样薄荷油5%~10%、冬青油10%~15%、樟脑3%~8%、丁香油1%~5%、田七提取液5%~10%、防风提取液5%~10%、红花提取液1%~5%、续断提取液5%~10%、杜仲提取液1%~5%、独活提取液5%~10%、散瘀草提取液5%~10%、白牛胆提取液1%~5%、穿山龙提取液5%~10%、苦良姜提取液5%~10%、老鹳草提取液5%~10%。
8.如权利要求7所述的治疗人体关节急、慢性运动损伤和肌肉拉伤的自热式精油贴的制备方法,其特征在于,所述田七提取液、防风提取液、红花提取液、续断提取液、杜仲提取液、独活提取液、散瘀草提取液、白牛胆提取液、穿山龙提取液、苦良姜提取液、老鹳草提取液的提取方法为单一提取具体步骤如下:每100克某一种中药粉中加入500毫升萃取液在100℃下回流萃取0.5~1.5h,过滤得该中药提取液;其中中药粉粒径为100~150目,萃取液按体积百分数计为:40%乙醇与60%水的混合液。
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