CN111471112B - 一种狂犬病病毒重组抗原和制备方法及其用途 - Google Patents
一种狂犬病病毒重组抗原和制备方法及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及狂犬病应用技术领域,具体涉及一种狂犬病病毒重组抗原和制备方法及其用途,包括如下(a)‑(c)中的一种:(a)、在N端到C端方向依次包括如氨基酸序列片段N、G以及P;(b)、在(a)中的氨基酸序列片段N、G和/或P经过取代、缺失或添加至少一个或几个氨基酸的狂犬病病毒重组抗原,且可诱发哺乳动物针对所述狂犬病病毒重组抗原的免疫反应;或(c)、具有与(a)中的狂犬病病毒重组抗原的氨基酸序列同源性的氨基酸序列,且可诱发哺乳动物针对所述狂犬病病毒重组抗原的免疫反应;上述狂犬病病毒重组抗原具有抗原性好和非特异性小的抗原表位,且相比全毒抗原具有稳定、安全、培养成本低、高效的优势。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及狂犬病应用技术领域,具体涉及一种狂犬病病毒重组抗原和制备方法及其用途。
背景技术
狂犬病是由狂犬病病毒(Rabies virus,RV)引起的致死性、高度嗜神经性人兽共患烈性传染病,其遍及世界各地,狂犬病病毒可以引起人和多种动物致死性中枢神经系统感染,狂犬病临床表现主要为恐水、畏光、吞咽困难、狂躁等,病死率几乎为100%。世界卫生组织2018年6月发布的报告显示,狂犬病每年致5.9万人死亡(近半数是儿童),亚洲占59.6%,非洲占36.4%,人类狂犬病99%由犬、猫传播。鉴于目前狂犬病还没有有效的治疗方法,故狂犬病主要是通过疫苗免疫防控,而监控免疫动物免疫后体内的抗体水平以及一些流浪犬猫的体内抗体水平尤为重要。
狂犬病病毒属于弹状病毒科(rhabdoviridae),狂犬病病毒属(lyssa virus),呈子弹状。狂犬病病毒可通过破损的皮肤或粘膜侵入人体,经神经末梢上行进入人及所有温血动物中枢神经系统(CNS)而引发狂犬病。狂犬病病毒基因组核酸为不分节段的单股负链RNA,由11928或11932个核苷酸组成,有5个大的开放阅读框,分别编码核蛋白、磷蛋白、基质蛋白、糖蛋白和依赖RNA的RNA多聚酶5个结构蛋白。研究表明,核蛋白在各毒株之间有高度保守性,不同株系的核蛋白氨基酸的同源性在98%~99.6%,是病毒中最稳定的蛋白。糖蛋白是狂犬病毒唯一的糖蛋白,正确糖基化决定其蛋白稳定性、抗原性及生物学活性。糖蛋白与病毒的感染和免疫有着密切关系,是唯一诱导机体产生中和抗体的蛋白。故糖蛋白常用中和抗体的检测。磷蛋白占总蛋白的6%,与RNA多聚酶、RNP(核糖核酸蛋白)共同组成核衣壳。
当前国际认可检测狂犬病抗体的方法有多种,如:荧光抗体病毒中和试验(FAVN)、快速荧光灶抑制试验(RFFIT)、小鼠病毒中和试验(MNT)、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)等。目前,狂犬病病毒抗体检测试剂盒主要有胶体金和ELISA方法,且抗原多采用核蛋白抗原、糖蛋白抗原或者全毒抗原。虽然全病毒抗原的检测试剂盒检测狂犬病抗体具有特异性较高的优势,但是在全毒抗原制备以及后期纯化过程中工作人员存在很大的感染风险,且制备成本高、获得量少。而单独使用核蛋白抗原或糖蛋白抗原的检测试剂盒检测狂犬病抗体时,则存在漏检、特异性差、方法灵敏度低等不足。
发明内容
因此,本发明要解决的技术问题在于提供一种特异性高、敏感性高、成本低且安全的狂犬病病毒重组抗原和制备方法及其用途。
为此,本发明提供了如下的技术方案:
本发明提供了一种狂犬病病毒重组抗原,包括如下(a)-(c)中的一种:
(a)、在N端到C端方向依次包括如SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列片段N、SEQ IDNO.2所示的氨基酸序列片段G以及SEQ ID NO.3所示的氨基酸序列片段P;
(b)、在(a)中的氨基酸序列片段N、氨基酸序列片段G和/或氨基酸序列片段P经过取代、缺失或添加至少一个或几个氨基酸得到的狂犬病病毒重组抗原,且可诱发哺乳动物针对所述狂犬病病毒重组抗原的免疫反应;或
(c)、具有与(a)中的狂犬病病毒重组抗原的氨基酸序列同源性的氨基酸序列,且可诱发哺乳动物针对所述狂犬病病毒重组抗原的免疫反应。
进一步的,相邻的两个氨基酸序列片段之间连接有柔性肽,所述柔性肽的长度为5-15个氨基酸。
进一步的,所述柔性肽的氨基酸序列为GGGSSS、GGSGGS或GGGGS。
本发明提供了编码所述的狂犬病病毒重组抗原的核苷酸序列。
本发明提供了一种载体,包含所述的核苷酸序列。
在所述的载体中,所述载体为质粒载体。进一步的,所述载体可以为pGAPZa质粒或pMD 19-T。
本发明提供了一种宿主,包括所述的载体。进一步的,所述宿主为原核细胞或真核细胞。
进一步的,所述宿主为毕赤酵母。
本发明提供了一种所述的狂犬病病毒重组抗原制备方法,将含有所述的狂犬病病毒重组抗原的核苷酸序列的表达载体转入宿主中,然后进行诱导表达。
进一步的,所述诱导表达的步骤为:将所述宿主接种至培养基中,震荡培养,然后将得到的培养液接种到新的培养基中,再次震荡培养,将获得的菌液进行离心,保留上清。
优选的,所述诱导表达的步骤为:将所述宿主接种至含有Zeocin的YPD培养基中,于30℃下、250r/min震荡培养,然后将得到的培养液按照体积比1:500接种到YPD培养基中,于30℃下、250r/min震荡培养4天,将获得的菌液进行离心10000g/min,保留上清。
进一步的,还包括对诱导表达得到的含有狂犬病病毒重组抗原的溶液采用离子交换方法进行纯化。
进一步的,所述纯化步骤包括硫酸铵粗提、层析脱盐、精提层析和透析。
进一步的,在硫酸铵粗提步骤中,使用终浓度为40-80%的饱和硫酸铵沉淀,搅拌均匀,充分沉淀后,离心,弃掉上清,保留沉淀。优选的,使用终浓度为60%的饱和硫酸铵沉淀。进一步的,离心条件为14000-16000g/min离心8-12min。优选的,离心条件为15000g/min离心10min。
进一步的,在层析脱盐步骤中,包括:将硫酸铵粗提得到的沉淀用缓冲液溶解,离心,取上清,备用;将上清上样于用缓冲液平衡后的层析柱,然后用缓冲液冲洗,收集第一个吸收峰,得到脱盐后的蛋白粗品。
进一步的,在层析脱盐步骤中,将上清以8-12ml/min流速通过平衡后的层析柱。优选的,将上清以10ml/min流速通过平衡后的层析柱。
进一步的,在层析脱盐步骤中,所述缓冲液为18-22mM/L Tris-Hcl,pH7.9-8.1。优选的,所述缓冲液为20mM/L Tris-Hcl,pH8.0。
进一步的,在层析脱盐步骤中,所述离心条件为11000-13000g/min,离心时间为20min。优选的,所述离心条件为12000g/min,离心时间20min。
进一步的,在层析脱盐步骤中,所述层析柱用水冲洗4-6个柱体积,再用所述缓冲液平衡1-3个柱体积。优选的,在层析脱盐步骤中,所述层析柱用水冲洗5个柱体积,再用所述缓冲液平衡2个柱体积。
进一步的,在精提层析步骤中,将得到的蛋白粗品稀释后上样于层析柱,用洗脱液洗脱柱子到出峰,收集洗脱峰。
进一步的,在精提层析步骤中,蛋白粗品经所述缓冲液稀释,所述缓冲液为18-22mM/L Tris-Hcl,pH8.0。优选的,所述缓冲液为20mM/L Tris-Hcl,pH8.0。
进一步的,在精提层析步骤中,所述洗脱液为含0.18-0.22mol/L氯化钠和18-22mM/L Tris-Hcl,pH7.9-8.1。优选的,所述洗脱液为含0.2mol/L氯化钠和20mM/L Tris-Hcl,pH8.0。
进一步的,在精提层析步骤中,将得到的蛋白粗品稀释后以13-17ml/min通过层析柱。优选的,将得到的蛋白粗品稀释后以15ml/min通过层析柱。
进一步的,在透析步骤中,将精提层析中收集的样品用样品保存缓冲液PBS在2-8℃冰箱进行透析,每隔5-7h换透析液一次,共换透析液2-4次;然后用0.22μm的微孔滤膜除菌过滤,纯化样品进行蛋白含量测定,-20℃保存。
进一步的,在透析步骤中,将精提层析中收集的样品用样品保存缓冲液PBS在4℃冰箱进行透析,每隔6h换透析液一次,共换透析液3次;然后用0.22μm的微孔滤膜除菌过滤,纯化样品进行蛋白含量测定,-20℃保存。
本发明提供所述的狂犬病病毒重组抗原具有如下(I)-(V)中任一项的用途:
(I)、用于制备诊断、检测或预防与所述的狂犬病病毒重组抗原相关的疾病的产品;所述产品包括试纸条或试剂盒;
(II)用于制备预防与所述的狂犬病病毒重组抗原相关的疾病的疫苗;
(III)用于制备狂犬病病毒的抗体;
(IV)用于狂犬病病毒的分离纯化或检测;
(V)用于狂犬病病毒抗体的分离纯化或检测;
所述疾病为狂犬病。
本发明提供了一种狂犬病抗体检测试纸条,包括利用所述的狂犬病病毒重组抗原、所述的载体、所述的宿主或所述的制备方法制备得到的狂犬病病毒重组抗原。
进一步的,包括:底板以及沿所述底板的长度方向上依次粘附在所述底板上的样品垫、金标垫、硝酸纤维素膜和吸水垫,且所述样品垫、金标垫、硝酸纤维素膜和吸水垫之间,依次与且仅与相邻部位相接触且部分重叠;所述硝酸纤维素膜粘附于所述底板的中间部位,其上设置有相间隔的检测线和质控线,所述检测线靠近所述金标垫,所述质控线靠近所述吸水垫;
所述金标垫上包被胶体金标记的兔抗犬IgG;
所述检测线包被狂犬病病毒重组抗原;所述质控线羊抗兔IgG抗体。
优选的,检测线(T线)抗原包被浓度为1mg/ml。
优选的,兔抗犬IgG的标记浓度为5μg/ml。
本发明提供了一种狂犬病抗体检测试剂盒,包括所述的狂犬病病毒重组抗原所述的表达载体、所述的宿主或所述的制备方法制备得到的狂犬病病毒重组抗原。
进一步的,在所述试剂盒中,狂犬病病毒重组抗原的浓度为0.2-2μg/mL。优选的,狂犬病病毒重组抗原的浓度为0.5μg/mL。
进一步的,还包括酶标二抗,优选的为HRPO(辣根过氧化物酶)标记SPA(葡萄球菌A蛋白)的稀释度为1:10000。
进一步的,还包括封闭液,优选的为100g Tris,50g酪蛋白,500g蔗糖,加水至30L,pH7.5。
进一步的,还包括样品稀释液,优选的为含10%牛血清的PBS缓冲液。
进一步的,还包括TMB底物液。
本发明提供了一种检测狂犬病病毒抗体的方法,在使用试剂盒检测时,包括:抗原包被、封闭、加样、加酶标记物和显色。
在抗原包被步骤中,抗原包被的浓度为0.2-2μg/mL。优选的,浓度为0.5μg/mL。
在加样步骤中,备检血清稀释倍数为1:10-1:20。优选的,备检血清稀释倍数为1:20。
在封闭步骤中,封闭时间为4℃过夜。
优选的,在加酶标记物步骤中,酶标二抗的稀释度1:10000,孵育30min。
优选的,在显色步骤中,显色时间为10min。
本发明提供了一种检测狂犬病病毒抗体的方法,在使用试纸条检测时
优选的,样本血清稀释倍数为10倍稀释,反应时间为10分钟。
本发明技术方案,具有如下优点:
1.本发明提供的一种狂犬病病毒重组抗原,包括如下(a)-(c)中的一种:(a)、在N端到C端方向依次包括如SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列片段N、SEQ ID NO.2所示的氨基酸序列片段G以及SEQ ID NO.3所示的氨基酸序列片段P;(b)、在(a)中的氨基酸序列片段N、氨基酸序列片段G和/或氨基酸序列片段P经过取代、缺失或添加至少一个或几个氨基酸的狂犬病病毒重组抗原,且可诱发哺乳动物针对所述狂犬病病毒重组抗原的免疫反应;或(c)、具有与(a)中的狂犬病病毒重组抗原的氨基酸序列同源性的氨基酸序列,且可诱发哺乳动物针对所述狂犬病病毒重组抗原的免疫反应;上述狂犬病病毒重组抗原具有抗原性好和非特异性小的抗原表位,且相比全毒抗原具有稳定、安全、培养成本低、高效的优势,而且利于在酵母中表达,可用于狂犬病疫苗接种动物体内抗体水平监测或者自然感染动物抗体检测,具有特异性好、敏感性强等优点。
2.本发明提供的一种狂犬病抗体检测试纸条,通过使用本发明的狂犬病重组抗原包被检测线,制备得到的狂犬病抗体检测试纸条,具有很好的特异性和敏感性,能替代全毒抗原,降低病毒反强风险。
3.本发明提供的一种狂犬病抗体检测试剂盒,可以间接ELISA方法检测狂犬病抗体,在该试剂盒中,与全毒抗原的狂犬试剂盒相比,N-P-G-ELISA,阳性符合率为100%,仅有1份阴性血清反阳,总符合率高达99.6%,具有很好的特异性和敏感性,能替代全毒抗原,降低病毒反强风险。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例1中Overlap PCR扩增得到的N-P-G串联基因的电泳图;图中M为Marker,1为N-P-G串联基因;
图2是本发明实施例1中pGAPZa-N-P-G重组质粒双酶切鉴定结果;
图3是本发明实施例1中SDS-PAGE鉴定电泳图;图中M为Marker,1为纯化的狂犬病病毒重组抗原;
图4是本发明实验例1中Western Blot结果;图中1:狂犬病标准阳性血清;2:细小病毒准阳性血清;3:犬瘟热标准阳性清;4:犬流感标准阳性血清;5:犬冠状病毒标准阳性血清;6:狂犬病病毒阴性清;M:低分子量蛋白Marker;
图5是本发明实验例3中动物免疫试验结果;
图6是本发明实施例2中狂犬病抗体检测试纸条的结构示意图;
图7是本发明实验例4中狂犬病抗体检测试纸条检测狂犬病抗体的判定结果示意图。
图中附图标记表示为:1-样品垫,2-金标垫,3-硝酸纤维素膜,4-检测线,5-质控线,6-吸水垫,7-底板。
具体实施方式
提供下述实施例是为了更好地进一步理解本发明,并不局限于所述最佳实施方式,不对本发明的内容和保护范围构成限制,任何人在本发明的启示下或是将本发明与其他现有技术的特征进行组合而得出的任何与本发明相同或相近似的产品,均落在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例中未注明具体实验步骤或条件者,按照本领域内的文献所描述的常规实验步骤的操作或条件即可进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市购获得的常规试剂产品。
下述实施例中涉及的疫苗和血清:狂犬病病毒疫苗毒株Flury-LEP,购自辽宁益康生物股份有限公司。狂犬病病毒标准阳性血清(RV阳性)和标准阴性血清(RV阴性)均购自于中国兽医药品监察所。犬细小病毒准阳性血清(CPV阳性)、犬瘟热标准阳性血清(CDV阳性)、犬流感标准阳性血清(CIV阳性)和犬冠状病毒标准阳性血清(CCV阳性)由北京世纪元亨动物防疫技术有限公司制备保存。
法国synbiotics狂犬试剂盒。
载体和菌株:pGAPZa-A载体和蛋白酶缺陷菌株SMD1168由北京世纪元亨动物防疫技术有限公司保存。pMD 19-T载体购自宝生物。
LLB/Zeocin培养基:0.5%酵母提取物,1%蛋白胨,0.5%氯化钠,Zeocin浓度为25ug/ml。
YPDS培养基:1%酵母提取物,2%蛋白胨,2%葡萄糖,1mol/L山梨醇,Zeocin浓度为100ug/ml。
YPD/Zeocin培养基培养基:1%酵母提取物,2%蛋白胨,2%葡萄糖,Zeocin浓度为100ug/ml。
5×上样缓冲液(Tris-HCl pH6.8(250mM);SDS(10%);溴酚兰(0.5%);甘油(50%);β-巯基乙醇(5%))由本试验室配制并保存。
10×缓冲液、T4连接酶为市售产品。
实施例1狂犬病病毒重组抗原的制备
(1)引物设计
用DNAman和DNAstar分析氨基酸序列片段N的基因(如SEQ ID NO.4所示)、氨基酸序列片段G的基因(如SEQ ID NO.5所示)以及氨基酸序列片段P的基因(如SEQ ID NO.6所示),设计3对引物(引物1F和引物1R,引物2F和引物2R,引物3F和引物3R),分别扩增氨基酸序列片段N、P和G的基因。为了便于之后将扩增的三个基因片段串联起来,且利于串联后各个基因能形成自己的特异性表位,故在基因连接之间的引物添加柔性肽的核苷酸序列,柔性肽的氨基酸序列为GGGSSS、GGSGGS或GGGGS,在本实施例中选择柔性肽GGGGS,具体见下述引物1R,引物2F,引物2R和引物3F中的双下划线部分。为了方便连入载体,在引物1F和引物3R分别添加了EcoRI和Not I酶切位点,具体见下述引物1F和引物3R中单下划线部分。6条引物如下:
引物1F:5′-GAATTCTTTGAAGAAGAGATAAGGAG-3′;
引物3R:5′-AAtGCGGCCGC TCAATGGGGATGACACCTCCCCC-3′。
(2)N-P-G串联基因的获得
1)用上述步骤(1)设计的3对引物,以狂犬病病毒疫苗毒株Flury-LEP的RNA为模板,分别扩增氨基酸序列片段N、P和G的基因,RT-PCR扩增体系:10×Buffer,5μl;dNTP(2.5mM/L)4μl;RNA酶抑制剂(40U/μl)0.2μl;EX Taq DNA聚合酶(5U/μl)1μl;反转录酶(200U/μl)0.3μl;引物对(上下游引物各10pM/L)2.5μl;总RNA(30-60μg/ml)2μl;用无菌水补充至50μl;PCR扩增程序:45℃反转录45min,94℃预变性3分钟;94℃变性45s,56℃退火45s、72℃延伸1min,35个循环。循环完成后72℃延伸反应10分钟;分别回收3个基因;
2)以N、P和G的基因为模板,利用上述步骤(1)设计的引物1F/引物3R引物对进行Overlap PCR,PCR扩增体系:10×Buffer,5μl;dNTP(2.5mM/L)4μl;EX Taq DNA聚合酶(5U/μl)0.5μl;N片段回收DNA,1μl;P片段回收DNA,1μl;G片段回收DNA,1μl;用无菌水补充至50μl;PCR扩增程序:94℃预变性3分钟;94℃变性45s,56℃退火45s、72℃延伸2min,运行5循环后,添加引物对(上下游引物各10pM/L)2.5μl,并充分混匀,继续30个循环。循环完成后72℃延伸反应10分钟;电泳回收扩增得到的N-P-G串联基因,电泳图如图1所示。
(3)pMD 19-T-N-P-G中间载体的构建
按照pMD 19-T载体说明书,将N-P-G串联基因与克隆载体pMD 19-T进行连接,涂平板。待平板长出单菌后,挑取单菌,进行菌液PCR鉴定。将鉴定为阳性的单菌,提取质粒后再用双酶切方法进行鉴定,同时送上海英俊生物工程有限公司测序。测序结果显示获得的N-P-G串联基因如SEQ ID NO.7所示,序列完全正确,N-P-G串联基因的氨基酸序列如SEQ IDNO.8所示。将测序正确的阳性菌液,提取质粒。质粒提取方法按照omega质粒提取试剂盒方法进行。最后回收的质粒放-20℃保存备用。
(4)pGAPZa-N-P-G重组质粒的构建
用EcoR I和Not I双酶切pMD19-T-N-P-G重组质粒和表达载体pGAPZa-A质粒,回收目的基因片段与载体pGAPZa-A,并将两者连接,连接体系:载体1μl,N-P-G回收片段3ul,10×缓冲液1μl,T4连接酶1μl,无菌水4μl,16℃连接6h;随后转化到Dh5a感受态细胞中,涂LLB/Zeocin培养板,37℃过夜培养。第二天在无菌环境下,挑单菌以进行菌液PCR方法鉴定。将PCR鉴定为阳性的菌液,提取质粒,进行双酶切鉴定和测序鉴定。双酶切鉴定结果如图2所示,由图中可以看到双酶切获得2000bp(串联基因)左右和3100bp(空载体)左右的两条带,测序鉴定显示连入pGAPZa载体的片段长2010bp,说明核苷酸序列完全正确。
(5)携带pGAPZa-N-P-G高拷贝酵母株筛选
将步骤(4)中鉴定为阳性的菌株,进行培养,大量提取质粒。用Avr II将质粒线性化,使用醋酸钠-乙醇沉淀法,纯化5-10ug线性化质粒。将线性化质粒转化之前,先制备SMD1168感受态细胞,方法参考pGAPZ载体说明书。然后参照Invitrogen酵母表达说明书进行电击转化,之后均匀涂布于YPDS培养基上,30℃温箱培养3-5天直至长出单菌。用引物1F和引物3R进行PCR鉴定,鉴定阳性的菌株再用Zeocin(博来霉素)(300μg/ml~1mg/ml)进行高压筛选出高拷贝转染酵母菌株。
(6)狂犬病病毒N-P-G串联基因在毕赤酵母SMD1168中的诱导表达
将上述步骤(5)中筛选出的高拷贝转染酵母单菌接种于10ml YPD/Zeocin培养基中,30℃、250r/min过夜震荡培养。按1:500的体积比例将摇好的菌液接种到新的YPD培养基中,30℃、250r/min震荡培养96h。将培养好的菌液10000g/min离心5min,留上清备用。
(7)重组抗原纯化
1)硫酸铵粗提
将步骤(6)中诱导分泌的上清用终浓度为60%的饱和硫酸氨沉淀蛋白,搅拌均匀,4℃充分沉淀后,15000g/min离心10min,小心弃掉上清,留沉淀。
2)层析脱盐
将葡聚糖G-25介质装进C26/100柱连接到AKTA层析系统上,过滤水冲洗5个柱体积,再用脱盐缓冲液(20mM/L Tris-Hcl,pH8.0)平衡2个柱体积,基线平稳后备用。
将步骤1)中硫酸铵粗提的沉淀用适量脱盐缓冲液(20mM/L Tris-Hcl,pH8.0)溶解,12000g/min离心取上清。以10ml/min流速穿过平衡好的G-25柱。
上样完毕后用脱盐缓冲液冲洗;收集第一个吸收峰,即为脱盐后的蛋白粗品。
3)精提层析
将2)步骤收集的蛋白粗品,用精提缓冲液(20mM/L Tris-Hcl,pH8.0,)3倍稀释后以15ml/min流速穿过DEAE Sepharose FF柱。上样完毕后用精提缓冲液冲洗上样峰至基准线。用精提洗脱液(0.2mol/L氯化钠、20mM/L Tris-Hcl,pH8.0)冲洗柱子到出峰,收集洗脱峰。
4)样品透析
精提层析中收集的样品用样品保存缓冲液PBS在4℃冰箱进行透析,每隔6h换透析液一次,共换透析液3次;然后用0.22μ的微孔滤膜除菌过滤,纯化样品进行蛋白含量测定,-20℃保存。
(8)SDS-PAGE电泳鉴定
取步骤(7)中纯化样品20uL,加5μL的5×上样缓冲液,煮沸5min,12000r离心10min,备用。按照SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳标准操作规程配制12%胶进行SDS-PAGE鉴定,以检测N-P-G重组蛋白(狂犬病病毒重组抗原)纯化情况,电泳结果如图3显示,通过粗提,精提和透析,获得了较纯的重组蛋白,分子量大小为75KDa左右。蛋白质纯度用薄层分析N-P-G重组蛋白的纯度,结果显示蛋白样品纯度约为95%,符合使用要求。
(9)蛋白浓度与纯度测定
用紫外光分光光度计测定纯化的N-P-G重组蛋白在260nm和280nm波长的光吸收值,按照以下公式计划样品中的蛋白浓度:蛋白质浓度(mg/mL)=(1.45×A280-0.74×A260)×稀释倍数。纯化的N-P-G蛋白浓度控制在1.0mg/mL~2mg/ml。
实施例2一种狂犬病抗体检测试纸条及其制备方法
本实施例提供了一种狂犬病抗体检测试纸条,如图6所示,包括:底板7以及沿所述底板7的长度方向上依次粘附在所述底板上的样品垫1、金标垫2、硝酸纤维素膜3和吸水垫6,且所述样品垫1、金标垫2、硝酸纤维素膜3和吸水垫6之间,依次与且仅与相邻部位相接触且部分重叠;所述硝酸纤维素膜3粘附于所述底板7的中间部位,其上设置有相间隔的检测线4和质控线5,所述检测线4靠近所述金标垫2,所述质控线5靠近所述吸水垫6;
所述金标垫2上包被胶体金标记的兔抗犬IgG;
所述检测线4包被狂犬病病毒重组抗原;所述质控线5羊抗兔IgG抗体。
一种狂犬病抗体检测试纸条的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1.样品垫的制备
(1)样品垫处理液配制
制备0.02M磷酸盐缓冲液,调节PH7.4-8.0。
(2)样品垫的准备
按每张玻纤可以铺液36ml计算样品垫处理液的体积,在每张玻纤上铺液,并用圆形试管刮均匀。30%湿度以下,37~40℃干燥18~24小时,如不立即使用,加干燥剂铝箔袋封存。
2.含有检测线T和质控线C的硝酸纤维素膜的制备
1)包被抗原:将实施例1制备的狂犬病病毒重组抗原用PBS溶解至终浓度1mg/ml,即为狂犬病病毒抗体检测线抗原,质控线为羊抗兔IgG抗体。
2)包被
在硝酸纤维素膜上分别包被检测线(T)和一条质控线(C线);用于检测狂犬病病毒抗体;C线包被羊抗兔IgG抗体,作为质控线;将其置于37℃温箱,烘干2h,室温封存备用。
3.金标垫的制备
1)胶体金溶液
利用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金溶液:取0.01%氯金酸水溶液200ml在微波炉中加热至沸,准确加入1%柠檬酸三钠水溶液2ml混匀,煮沸6-8分钟取出室温冷却后置4℃保存,如此制备的金溶胶在530±5nm处有最大吸收峰。烧制好的胶体金眼观为紫红色,透明、澄清。透过电镜观察烧制的胶体金大小均匀一致,散在分布。
2)金标二抗(金标兔抗犬IgG)
(1)量取适量上述1)制备的胶体金溶液倒入锥形瓶中,锡纸封口,在搅拌器上适量速度搅拌;
(2)用K2CO2溶液调节胶体金溶液的pH值至8.0-8.5;
(3)将浓度为2mg/ml的兔抗犬IgG溶液,通过最适标记量(每ml已调节好pH值的胶体金溶液中加入4-8ug蛋白,在本实施中选择5ug蛋白)计算出胶体金标记所需的兔抗犬IgG的IgG,逐滴加入到锥形瓶中,继续搅拌30min;
(4)加入10%的PEG10000至终浓度为0.05%,继续搅拌15min,将金标结合物2000rpm离心30min,取上清12000rpm离心30min,沉淀用金标物保存溶液溶解浓缩至到原体积的1/20。最后用0.45μm微孔滤膜过滤,得到胶体金标记兔抗犬IgG溶液,4℃保存备用。
3)金标垫的制备
将上述2)制备的胶体金标记得到的兔抗犬IgG溶液均匀地滴加到玻璃纤维素膜上,37℃烤箱放置2h,锡纸包裹后干燥器内保存备用,得到金标垫(包被有金标蛋白的金标垫)
依照以上述制备的样品垫、金标垫、硝酸纤维素膜(NC膜、层析膜)和吸水纸从左到右依次安装在PVC底板上(图6),用切条机切成4.0±0.1mm的试纸条,于密封的铝箔袋中,常温干燥处保存。
实施例3一种狂犬病抗体检测试剂盒以及检测方法
本实施例提供了一种狂犬病抗体检测试剂盒,包括:实施例1中纯化的狂犬病病毒重组抗原,浓度为0.5μg/mL。
进一步的,还包括酶标二抗,为HRPO(辣根过氧化物酶)标记SPA(葡萄球菌A蛋白)的稀释度为1:10000。
进一步的,还包括封闭液,为100g Tris,50g酪蛋白,500g蔗糖,加水至30L,pH7.5。
进一步的,还包括样品稀释液,含10%牛血清的PBS缓冲液。
进一步的,还包括TMB底物液。
本实施例提供了利用上述试剂盒检测狂犬病抗体的间接ELISA方法,包括如下步骤:
包被:用实施例1中纯化的狂犬病病毒重组抗原样品(1.0mg/mL~2mg/ml)作为包被抗原,将其用碳酸盐缓冲液(0.05mol/L,pH9.6)稀释成0.5μg/mL向96孔酶联反应板孔加100μL,在2~8℃下包被18-24h,取出,弃孔中抗原包被液。
封闭:加封闭液(100g Tris,50g酪蛋白,500g蔗糖,加水至30L,pH7.5)至包被的酶联反应板各孔中,330μL/孔,室温下封闭1h,弃去封闭液,洗板5次。
加样:将备检血清用样品稀释液(含10%牛血清的PBS缓冲液)稀释20倍,加入酶联反应板反应,100μL/孔,37℃孵育60min,弃去反应液,洗板5次。
加酶标记物:每孔加入100μL HRPO(辣根过氧化物酶)标记SPA(葡萄球菌A蛋白)的稀释度为1:10000,37℃孵育30min。弃去反应液,洗板5次。
显色:每孔加入100μL TMB底物液(3,3,5,5-四甲基联苯胺底物溶液),37℃孵育10min。每孔加入终止液100μL,并且轻轻震荡混匀。
OD值测定:在450nm波长下测定各孔OD值。
最后确定阴阳性临界值,阴阳性临界值=样本OD450平均值+3倍的标准差。计算阴阳性临界值为0.215。
实验例1狂犬病病毒重组抗原反应活性鉴定
将实施例1中纯化的N-P-G重组蛋白进行蛋白免疫印迹(Western Blot)鉴定:将纯化的N-P-G重组蛋白进行SDS-PAGE电泳,并转移到NC膜上,分别用狂犬病病毒标准阳性血清、犬细小病毒准阳性血清、犬瘟热标准阳性血清、犬流感标准阳性血清、犬冠状病毒标准阳性血清以及狂犬病病毒阴性血清进行Western Blot分析,封闭液为PBS配制的0.2%(w/w)酪蛋白,10%(w/w)牛血清,2%(w/w)明胶溶液,其他按常规方法进行。结果如图4显示,只有狂犬病病毒标准阳性血清的在75KDa左右位置出现阳性条带。细小病毒准阳性血清、犬瘟热标准阳性血清、犬流感标准阳性血清、犬冠状病毒标准阳性血清以及狂犬病病毒阴性血清与表达的N-P-G重组蛋白呈阴性反应。
实验例2狂犬病病毒重组抗原的抗原特异性检测
包被:用实施例1中纯化的狂犬病病毒重组抗原样品(1.0mg/mL~
2mg/ml)作为包被抗原,将其用碳酸盐缓冲液(0.05mol/L,pH9.6)稀释成0.2μg/mL、0.5μg/mL、1.0μg/mL及2.0μg/mL向96孔酶联反应板孔加100μL,在2~8℃下包被18-24h,取出,弃孔中抗原包被液。
封闭:加封闭液(100g Tris,50g酪蛋白,500g蔗糖,加水至30L,pH7.5)至包被的酶联反应板各孔中,330μL/孔,室温下封闭1h,弃去封闭液,洗板5次。
加样:用狂犬病病毒标准阳性血清、犬细小病毒准阳性血清、犬瘟热标准阳性血清、犬流感标准阳性血清、犬冠状病毒标准阳性血清以及狂犬病病毒阴性血清用样品稀释液(含10%牛血清的PBS缓冲液)稀释10倍,加入酶联反应板反应,100μL/孔,37℃孵育60min,弃去反应液,洗板5次。
加酶标记物:每孔加入100μL HRPO(辣根过氧化物酶)标记SPA(葡萄球菌A蛋白)的稀释度为1:10000,37℃孵育30min。弃去反应液,洗板5次。
显色:每孔加入100μL TMB底物液(3,3,5,5-四甲基联苯胺底物溶液),37℃孵育15min。每孔加入终止液100μL,并且轻轻震荡混匀。
OD值测定:在450nm波长下测定各孔OD值。
阴阳性临界值=样本OD450平均值+3倍的标准差。计算阴阳性临界值为0.215。
结果显示,狂犬病病毒标准阳性血清在0.2μg/mL、0.5μg/mL、1.0μg/mL及2.0μg/mL均呈阳性反应,犬细小病毒准阳性血清、犬瘟热标准阳性血清、犬流感标准阳性血清、犬冠状病毒标准阳性血清以及狂犬病病毒阴性血清均呈阴性反应,OD450值均小于0.2。结果见表1。
表1狂犬病病毒重组抗原ELISA特异性检测结果
实验例3动物免疫试验
用实施例1中纯化的狂犬病病毒重组抗原(1.0mg/mL~2mg/ml)与油佐剂混合后免疫健康家兔(2-3Kg),分3次进行免疫,第一次免疫油佐剂用弗氏完全佐剂,剩下2次免疫油佐剂用弗氏不完全佐剂,每次皮内接种1ml(1mg狂犬病病毒重组抗原),每次免疫间隔2周。每次免疫后定期采集兔血制备血清。用以狂犬病病毒重组抗原建立的间接ELISA方法(实施例3)对采集的血清进行检测,结果表明,抗体水平逐步提高,并能稳定存在1月以上或更久,结果见图5。
实验例4试纸条检测狂犬病抗体
利用实施例2中的狂犬病抗体检测试纸条检测样本中的狂犬病抗体,检测时,如果样品内含有狂犬病IgG抗体时,样品中的狂犬病IgG抗体可以与试纸条前端结合垫中的“金标兔抗犬IgG”结合,由于层析作用沿膜移动,在检测区被N-P-G重组抗原所捕获,形成金标兔抗犬IgG-狂犬病IgG抗体-重组抗原免疫复合物。标本中的狂犬病IgG抗体的含量与被捕获的结合物含量呈正相关,在检测线呈现出紫红色。无论样本中是否含有狂犬病IgG抗体,质控线都会呈现紫红色。
检测方法:取10倍稀释的血清样品100μL滴加于上述的狂犬病抗体检测试纸条的样品垫上,10min后判定结果。根据T线和C线的显色情况判断是否为狂犬病抗体阳性。结果判定见图7:A:T和C线均显色,说明狂犬病毒抗体阳性;B:只有C线显色,T不显色,狂犬病抗体阴性;C:T显色,C线不显色,判定检测失败,需要重新检测。
实验例5临床犬血清样品的检测试验
分别用表达的重组抗原N-P-G建立的间接ELISA方法(实施例3)和实施例2的狂犬病抗体检测试纸条对临床上背景清楚的犬血清(狂犬病免疫犬血清53份和未经狂犬病疫苗免疫的健康犬血清55份由宠物医院友情提供)分析检测结果,计算试剂盒敏感性。
临床样品检测结果显示,用N-P-G重组抗原建立的间接ELISA方法和狂犬病抗体检测试纸条检测53份狂犬阳性血清均为阳性,两种方法敏感性均为100%,55份未经狂犬疫苗免疫的阴性血清ELISA方法检测均为阴性,试纸条检测54份阴性,1份阳性。
实验例6对比试验
用实施例3中N-P-G蛋白建立的间接ELISA(简称N-P-G-ELISA)和实施例2的试纸条(简称N-P-G试纸条)与synbiotics狂犬试剂盒同时检测临床225份犬血清(北极世纪元亨动物防疫技术有限公司提供)。检测结果见表2。检测结果显示:与synbiotics狂犬试剂盒相比,N-P-G-ELISA,阳性符合率为100%,仅有1份阴性血清反阳,总符合率高达99.6%;N-P-G-试纸条虽然存在一定的非特异,符合率也在98%以上。故本发明重组抗原具有很好的特异性和敏感性,能替代全毒抗原,降低病毒反强风险。
表2对比试验结果
显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例,而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。
序列表
<110> 北京世纪元亨动物防疫技术有限公司
<120> 一种狂犬病病毒重组抗原和制备方法及其用途
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gtaaaaacca ccaaagagtc tctcgttatc atatccccaa gtgtgacaga tttggaccca 1380
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aagacttgcg gctttgtgga tgaaagaggc ctgtataagt ctctaaaggg agcatgcaaa 1620
ctcaagttat gtggagttct cggacttaga cttatggatg gaacatgggt cgcgatgcaa 1680
acatcagatg agaccaaatg gtgccctcca ggtcagttgg tgaatttgca cgactttcgc 1740
tcagacgaga ttgagcatct cgttgtggaa gagttagtca agaaaagaga ggagtgtctg 1800
gatgcactag agtccatcat gaccaccaag tcagtgagtt tcagacgtct cagtcacttg 1860
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Claims (10)
1.一种狂犬病病毒重组抗原,其特征在于,在N端到C端方向依次包括氨基酸序列如SEQID NO.1所示的片段N、氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示的片段G以及氨基酸序列如SEQ IDNO.3所示的片段P;
相邻的两个片段之间连接有柔性肽,所述柔性肽的长度为5-15个氨基酸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的狂犬病病毒重组抗原,其特征在于,所述柔性肽的氨基酸序列为GGGSSS、GGSGGS或GGGGS。
3.编码权利要求1-2任一项所述的狂犬病病毒重组抗原的核酸分子。
4.一种载体,包含权利要求3所述的核酸分子。
5.一种宿主细胞,包含权利要求4所述的载体。
6.一种权利要求1-2任一项所述的狂犬病病毒重组抗原制备方法,其特征在于,将含有所述的狂犬病病毒重组抗原的编码核苷酸序列的表达载体转入宿主中,然后进行诱导表达。
7.权利要求1-2任一项所述的狂犬病病毒重组抗原的用途:
(I)用于制备检测狂犬病病毒中和抗体的产品;所述产品包括试纸条或试剂盒;
(II)用于制备所述狂犬病病毒重组抗原的抗体;
(III)用于狂犬病病毒抗体的分离纯化。
8.一种狂犬病抗体检测试纸条,其特征在于,包括权利要求1-2任一项所述的狂犬病病毒重组抗原或利用权利要求6所述的制备方法制备得到的狂犬病病毒重组抗原。
9.一种狂犬病抗体检测试剂盒,其特征在于,包括权利要求1-2任一项所述的狂犬病病毒重组抗原、权利要求4所述的载体或权利要求6所述的制备方法制备得到的狂犬病病毒重组抗原。
10.一种非疾病诊断的检测狂犬病病毒抗体的方法,其特征在于,包括利用权利要求8所述的试纸条或权利要求9所述的试剂盒。
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