CN111454699A - 一种环保钻井液盐浆体系用聚合醇防塌抑制剂的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种环保钻井液盐浆体系用聚合醇防塌抑制剂的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111454699A
CN111454699A CN202010360192.2A CN202010360192A CN111454699A CN 111454699 A CN111454699 A CN 111454699A CN 202010360192 A CN202010360192 A CN 202010360192A CN 111454699 A CN111454699 A CN 111454699A
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安进
杨童
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Yangzhou Runda Oilfield Chemicals Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种钻井液盐浆体系用聚合醇防塌抑制剂,以及涉及一种环保钻井液盐浆体系用聚合醇防塌抑制剂的制备方法。包括以下制备步骤:(1)称取环氧乙烷或/和环氧丙烷、乙二醇或甘三醇作为反应物,将其室温搅拌均匀后,缓慢倒入高压反应釜内;(2)加入适量催化剂,持续通入氮气保护,控制反应温度在75~125℃,压力保持在0.1~0.3MPa,继续搅拌;(3)反应60min后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物到处;(4)使用蒸馏水或浓度为0.1%盐酸溶液或NaOH溶液洗涤副产物和多余的反应物至pH值呈中性;(5)将步骤(4)中获得的产物除水后即得聚合醇防塌抑制剂。本产品具有优良防塌抑制性,而且显著提高钻井液的润滑性。

Description

一种环保钻井液盐浆体系用聚合醇防塌抑制剂的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种钻井液盐浆体系用聚合醇防塌抑制剂,以及涉及一种环保钻井液盐浆体系用聚合醇防塌抑制剂的制备方法。
背景技术
随着石油勘探开发的不断进行,为了寻找更多的石油资源,逐渐由浅井、简单井向深井、超深井和复杂井发展。在这一发展过程中,泥页岩水化膨胀分散导致的卡钻、坍塌等问题,每年给钻井公司造成的损失高达上百亿美元。因此,研制具有强抑制性,稳定井壁的新型钻井液处理剂一直是钻井液主要的发展方向之一。
聚合醇钻井液是上世纪九十年代开发的一种新型环保的防塌钻井液,它是基于解决钻井技术、储层保护和环保要求之间矛盾的产物。聚合醇是一类非离子型的低相对分子质量的聚合物,既具有聚合物的特性,又具有非离子表面活性剂的某些特性。常用的聚合醇包括聚乙二醇、聚甘油等,而聚合醇钻井液就是在水基钻井液的基础上加入上述物质得到的新体系。
尽管聚合醇钻井液的发展已有近二十年的历史,但是对于聚合醇处理剂的理论研究方面仍然存在诸多争议问题,尤其是聚合醇的使用一般是与盐复配,而盐负面效应比较明显,因此,本专利就此做突破,研发一种钻井液盐浆体系用聚合醇防塌抑制剂,专用于油田钻井领域,以及提供一种环保钻井液盐浆体系用聚合醇防塌抑制剂的制备方法。
发明内容
本产品为了解决以上问题提供了一种钻井液盐浆体系用聚合醇防塌抑制剂的简便制备法。生产工艺稳定简单,对于设备的选择性普广化,极大降低了生产成本,缩短产品生产周期,提高了企业生产效率。
一种环保钻井液盐浆体系用聚合醇防塌抑制剂的制备方法,包括以下制备步骤:
(1)称取环氧乙烷或/和环氧丙烷、乙二醇或甘三醇作为反应物,将其室温搅拌均匀后,缓慢倒入高压反应釜内;
(2)加入适量催化剂,持续通入氮气保护,控制反应温度在75~125℃,压力保持在0.1~0.3MPa,继续搅拌;
(3)反应60min后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物到处;
(4)使用蒸馏水或浓度为0.1%盐酸溶液或NaOH溶液洗涤副产物和多余的反应物至pH值呈中性;
(5)将步骤(4)中获得的产物除水后即得聚合醇防塌抑制剂。
进一步的,所述反应物还包括聚醚。
进一步的,所述反应物还包括硅油。
优选的,按质量比1:2分别对应称取环氧乙烷和乙二醇,将其室温搅拌均匀后,缓慢倒入高压反应釜内,加入0.1%质量分数的KOH水溶液作为催化剂,持续通入氮气保护,控制反应温度在120~125℃,压力恒定在0.3Mpa,继续搅拌,反应60min后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物倒出,使用蒸馏水洗涤副产物和多余未反应的乙二醇,除水后,加入三甘醇混合,得到聚合醇防塌抑制剂。
优选的,按质量比1:2分别对应称取环氧丙烷和三甘醇,将其室温搅拌均匀后,缓慢倒入高压反应釜内,加入0.1%质量分数的氯铂酸-KOH催化剂,持续通入氮气保护,控制反应温度在100~115℃,压力恒定在0.25Mpa,均匀搅拌60min后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物倒出,使用蒸馏水洗涤副产物和多余未反应的三甘醇,除水后得到聚合醇防塌抑制剂。
优选的,按质量比1:1:1分别对应称取环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷和三甘醇,将其室温搅拌均匀后,缓慢倒入高压反应釜内,加入0.1%质量分数的氯铂酸-NaOH催化剂,持续通入氮气保护,控制反应温度在115℃,压力恒定在0.25Mpa,均匀搅拌60min后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物倒出,使用蒸馏水和0.1%浓度的盐酸溶液和NaOH溶液洗涤副产物和多余未反应的三甘醇至pH值中性,除水后得到聚合醇防塌抑制剂。
优选地,按质量比1:3:1分别对应称取环氧乙烷、乙二醇和氨基聚醚,将其室温搅拌均匀后,缓慢倒入高压反应釜内,加入0.1%质量分数的氯铂酸-NaOH催化剂,持续通入氮气保护,控制反应温度在110℃,压力恒定在0.2Mpa,均匀搅拌60min后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物倒出,使用蒸馏水和0.1%浓度的盐酸溶液和NaOH溶液洗涤副产物和多余未反应的乙二醇至pH值中性,除水后得到聚合醇防塌抑制剂。
优选的,按质量比0.5:1:1:3分别对应称取硅油、氨基聚醚、环氧乙烷和乙二醇,将其室温搅拌均匀10min后,缓慢倒入高压反应釜内,加入0.05%质量分数的有机月桂酸-NaOH-氯铂酸催化剂,持续通入氮气保护,控制反应温度在75~80℃,压力恒定在0.1Mpa,均匀搅拌60min后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物倒出,使用蒸馏水和0.1%浓度的盐酸溶液和NaOH溶液洗涤副产物和多余未反应的乙二醇至pH值中性,除水后,添加纳米二氧化硅粉末,继续搅拌30min,得到聚合醇防塌抑制剂。
优选的,按质量比0.5:0.5:1:0.5分别对应称取硅油、聚醚L61、环氧乙烷和乙二醇,将其室温搅拌均匀10min后,缓慢倒入高压反应釜内,加入0.05%质量分数的有机月桂酸-NaOH-氯铂酸催化剂,持续通入氮气保护,控制反应温度在75~80℃,压力恒定在0.1Mpa,均匀搅拌60min后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物倒出,添加纳米二氧化硅粉末和稠化剂,继续搅拌30min,得到聚合醇防塌抑制剂。
本发明的有益效果是:
①化繁为简,易操作生产过程,对于设备的选择性普遍化,极大降低了生产成本的投入,缩短产品的生产周期,提高了企业的生产效率,使用自吸式搅拌叶,能更好的将固液混合、改性,合成率保证在97%以上;
②巧妙的利用纳米二氧化硅的刚性结构和多孔体积,既增加了原料的分子之间接触面积,也增加了聚合醇防塌抑制剂的防塌性能,对钻井过程中地层微缝隙产生支撑作用;
③利用硅油和聚醚合成反应,产生的表面活性剂,既可以在钻井液中起到润滑作用,也可以消泡抑泡,同时当表面活性剂包裹住地层岩表面,覆盖时也起到了提高抑制率的效果;
④催化剂选择三元体系,使用有机桂月酸-NaOH-氯铂酸的三元混合物,降低了合成反应要求,可在常压下75-80℃合成反应,极大缩短合成反应时间,合成率也得到大幅度提高;
⑤该反应不需要对副产物进行处理,原因在于反应物的配比调整到合适比例,且无多余乙二醇,后期采用稠化剂,将纳米二氧化硅很好地悬浮于产品中,且体系稳定,不分层,可在极端苛刻的环境下使用,比如高海拔环境,海水钻井液、盐水浆钻井液,以及聚合物钻井液等。
具体实施方式
实施例1
按质量比1:2分别对应称取环氧乙烷和乙二醇,两者合计100g,将其室温搅拌均匀后,缓慢倒入不锈钢高压反应罐内,加入0.1%质量分数的KOH水溶液作为催化剂,催化剂用量0.5g,持续通入氮气保护,控制反应温度在120~125℃,压力恒定在0.3Mpa,继续搅拌,反应60min后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物倒出,使用蒸馏水洗涤副产物和多余未反应的乙二醇,除水后,加入50g三甘醇混合,得到130g的聚合醇防塌抑制剂1#,合成率80%。
采用符合SY/T5380中的性能指标的钻井液滤失量仪GGS42-2A测定API淡水浆滤失量为15ml、4%盐水浆滤失量20ml和饱和盐水浆滤失量25ml,采用青岛海通达专用仪器有限公司的高温滚子加热炉XGRL-5和标准筛40目测定80℃/16h后的页岩回收提高率为25%,采用青岛海通达专用仪器厂的页岩膨胀仪SH-2/NP-02测定其抑制率为20%,采用极压润滑仪Fan氮1200测定其润滑系数降低率10%。
实施例2
按质量比1:2分别对应称取环氧丙烷和三甘醇,两者合计100g,将其室温搅拌均匀后,缓慢倒入不锈钢高压反应罐内,加入0.1%质量分数的氯铂酸-KOH催化剂,催化剂用量0.5g,持续通入氮气保护,控制反应温度在100~115℃,压力恒定在0.25Mpa,均匀搅拌1h后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物倒出,使用蒸馏水洗涤副产物和多余未反应的三甘醇,除水后得到70g的聚合醇防塌抑制剂2#,合成率70%。
采用符合SY/T5380中的性能指标的钻井液滤失量仪GGS42-2A测定API淡水浆滤失量为15ml、4%盐水浆滤失量20ml和饱和盐水浆滤失量25ml,采用青岛海通达专用仪器有限公司的高温滚子加热炉XGRL-5和标准筛40目测定80℃/16h后页岩回收提高率为30%,采用青岛海通达专用仪器厂的页岩膨胀仪SH-2/NP-02测定其抑制率为22%,采用极压润滑仪Fan氮1200测定其润滑系数降低率15%。
实施例3
按质量比1:1:1分别对应称取环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷和三甘醇,三者合计100g,将其室温搅拌均匀后,缓慢倒入不锈钢高压反应罐内,加入0.1%质量分数的氯铂酸-NaOH催化剂,催化剂用量0.5g,持续通入氮气保护,控制反应温度在115℃,压力恒定在0.25Mpa,均匀搅拌1h后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物倒出,使用蒸馏水和0.1%浓度的盐酸溶液和NaOH溶液洗涤副产物和多余未反应的三甘醇至pH值中性,除水后得到85g的聚合醇防塌抑制剂3#,合成率85%。
采用符合SY/T5380中的性能指标的钻井液滤失量仪GGS42-2A测定API淡水浆滤失量为14ml、4%盐水浆滤失量13ml和饱和盐水浆滤失量23ml,采用青岛海通达专用仪器有限公司的高温滚子加热炉XGRL-5和标准筛40目测定80℃/16h后页岩回收提高率为40%,采用青岛海通达专用仪器厂的页岩膨胀仪SH-2/NP-02测定其抑制率为28%,采用极压润滑仪Fan氮1200测定其润滑系数降低率15%。
实施例4
按质量比1:3:1分别对应称取环氧乙烷、乙二醇和氨基聚醚,三者合计100g,将其室温搅拌均匀后,缓慢倒入不锈钢高压反应罐内,加入0.1%质量分数的氯铂酸-NaOH催化剂,催化剂用量0.5g,持续通入氮气保护,控制反应温度在110℃,压力恒定在0.2Mpa,均匀搅拌1h后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物倒出,使用蒸馏水和0.1%浓度的盐酸溶液和NaOH溶液洗涤副产物和多余未反应的乙二醇至pH值中性,除水后得到85g的聚合醇防塌抑制剂4#,合成率85%。
采用符合SY/T5380中的性能指标的钻井液滤失量仪GGS42-2A测定API淡水浆滤失量为13ml、4%盐水浆滤失量13ml和饱和盐水浆滤失量25ml,采用青岛海通达专用仪器有限公司的高温滚子加热炉XGRL-5和标准筛40目测定80℃/16h后页岩回收提高率为45%,采用青岛海通达专用仪器厂的页岩膨胀仪SH-2/NP-02测定其抑制率为35%,采用极压润滑仪Fan氮1200测定其润滑系数降低率20%。
实施例5
按质量比0.5:1:1:3分别对应称取硅油、氨基聚醚、环氧乙烷和乙二醇,四者合计100g,将其室温搅拌均匀10min后,缓慢倒入不锈钢高压反应罐内,加入0.05%质量分数的有机月桂酸-NaOH-氯铂酸催化剂,催化剂用量0.5g,持续通入氮气保护,控制反应温度在75~80℃,压力恒定在0.1Mpa,均匀搅拌1h后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物倒出,使用蒸馏水和0.1%浓度的盐酸溶液和NaOH溶液洗涤副产物和多余未反应的乙二醇至pH值中性,除水后,添加10g纳米二氧化硅粉末,继续搅拌30min,得到95g的聚合醇防塌抑制剂5#,合成率95%。
采用符合SY/T5380中的性能指标的钻井液滤失量仪GGS42-2A测定API淡水浆滤失量为5ml、4%盐水浆滤失量8ml和饱和盐水浆滤失量12ml,采用青岛海通达专用仪器有限公司的高温滚子加热炉XGRL-5和标准筛40目测定80℃/16h后页岩回收提高率为60%,采用青岛海通达专用仪器厂的页岩膨胀仪SH-2/NP-02测定其抑制率为40%,采用极压润滑仪Fan氮1200测定其润滑系数降低率18%。
实施例6
按质量比0.5:0.5:1:0.5分别对应称取硅油、聚醚L61、环氧乙烷和乙二醇,四者合计100g,将其室温搅拌均匀10min后,缓慢倒入不锈钢高压反应罐内,加入0.05%质量分数的有机月桂酸-NaOH-氯铂酸催化剂,催化剂用量0.5g,持续通入氮气保护,控制反应温度在75~80℃,压力恒定在0.1Mpa,均匀搅拌1h后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物倒出,添加10g纳米二氧化硅粉末和5g稠化剂,继续搅拌30min,得到95g聚合醇防塌抑制剂6#,合成率95%。
采用符合SY/T5380中的性能指标的钻井液滤失量仪GGS42-2A测定API淡水浆滤失量为4.5ml、4%盐水浆滤失量7ml和饱和盐水浆滤失量11ml,采用青岛海通达专用仪器有限公司的高温滚子加热炉XGRL-5和标准筛40目测定80℃/16h后页岩回收提高率为78%,采用青岛海通达专用仪器厂的页岩膨胀仪SH-2/NP-02测定其抑制率为55%,采用极压润滑仪Fan氮1200测定其润滑系数降低率20%。
本实施例的优点包括:①巧妙的利用纳米二氧化硅的刚性结构和多孔体积,既增加了原料的分子之间接触面积,也增加了聚合醇防塌抑制剂的防塌性能,对钻井过程中地层微缝隙产生支撑作用;②利用硅油和聚醚合成反应,产生的表面活性剂,既可以在钻井液中起到润滑作用,也可以消泡抑泡,同时当表面活性剂包裹住地层岩表面,覆盖时也起到了提高抑制率的效果;③催化剂选择三元体系,使用有机桂月酸-NaOH-氯铂酸的三元混合物,降低了合成反应要求,可在常压下75-80℃合成反应,极大缩短合成反应时间,合成率也得到大幅度提高;④该反应不需要对副产物进行处理,原因在于反应物的配比调整到合适比例,且无多余乙二醇,后期采用稠化剂,将纳米二氧化硅很好地悬浮于产品中,且体系稳定,不分层,可在极端苛刻的环境下使用,比如高海拔环境,海水钻井液、盐水浆钻井液,以及聚合物钻井液等。
对比以上6种实施例,实施例1和实施例2更适用于淡水浆钻井液体系;实施例3和实施4更适合于4%盐水浆体系和含高钙层的钻井液体系;实施例5和实施例6普遍适用于各种盐水浆钻井液体系,且在高含盐的钻井液体系中较为突出。
本产品具有优良防塌抑制性,而且显著提高钻井液的润滑性,其润滑机理主要通过浊点效应来解释。润滑能力取决于液体的表面性能,借助于该性能,它能降低相互作用物体的界面剪切强度,同时阻止这些物体的相互靠近,只有在这两种作用同时出现时,润滑能力才得以体现。当加热非离子表面活性剂到一定温度时,它们会从溶液中析出,即达到浊点温度,当钻井液中加入聚合醇处理剂后,聚合醇钻井液发生相分离,形成憎水似油的相,通过调整聚合醇的浓度和其他处理剂的协同效应,使得聚合醇的浊点温度与井底循环温度相当,聚合醇从钻井液中析出,在钻头表面和井壁上形成一层润滑膜,提高钻井液润滑,同时对低渗透泥页岩具有封堵孔隙作用。可以结合钻井液的体系要求,采用不同的具体实施要求。
综上所述,仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非用来限定本发明实施的范围,凡依本发明权利要求范围所述的形状、构造、特征及精神所为的均等变化与修饰,均应包括于本发明的权利要求范围内。

Claims (9)

1.一种环保钻井液盐浆体系用聚合醇防塌抑制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下制备步骤:
(1)称取环氧乙烷或/和环氧丙烷、乙二醇或甘三醇作为反应物,将其室温搅拌均匀后,缓慢倒入高压反应釜内;
(2)加入适量催化剂,持续通入氮气保护,控制反应温度在75~125℃,压力保持在0.1~0.3MPa,继续搅拌;
(3)反应60min后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物到处;
(4)使用蒸馏水或浓度为0.1%盐酸溶液或NaOH溶液洗涤副产物和多余的反应物至pH值呈中性;
(5)将步骤(4)中获得的产物除水后即得聚合醇防塌抑制剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种环保钻井液盐浆体系用聚合醇防塌抑制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述反应物还包括聚醚。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种环保钻井液盐浆体系用聚合醇防塌抑制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述反应物还包括硅油。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种环保钻井液盐浆体系用聚合醇防塌抑制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:按质量比1:2分别对应称取环氧乙烷和乙二醇,将其室温搅拌均匀后,缓慢倒入高压反应釜内,催化剂为0.1%质量分数的KOH水溶液作为,控制反应温度在120~125℃,压力恒定在0.3Mpa,继续搅拌,反应60min后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物倒出,使用蒸馏水洗涤副产物和多余未反应的乙二醇,除水后,加入三甘醇混合,得到聚合醇防塌抑制剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种环保钻井液盐浆体系用聚合醇防塌抑制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:按质量比1:2分别对应称取环氧丙烷和三甘醇,将其室温搅拌均匀后,缓慢倒入高压反应釜内,加入0.1%质量分数的氯铂酸-KOH催化剂,持续通入氮气保护,控制反应温度在100~115℃,压力恒定在0.25Mpa,均匀搅拌60min后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物倒出,使用蒸馏水洗涤副产物和多余未反应的三甘醇,除水后得到聚合醇防塌抑制剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种环保钻井液盐浆体系用聚合醇防塌抑制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:按质量比1:1:1分别对应称取环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷和三甘醇,将其室温搅拌均匀后,缓慢倒入高压反应釜内,加入0.1%质量分数的氯铂酸-NaOH催化剂,持续通入氮气保护,控制反应温度在115℃,压力恒定在0.25Mpa,均匀搅拌60min后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物倒出,使用蒸馏水和0.1%浓度的盐酸溶液和NaOH溶液洗涤副产物和多余未反应的三甘醇至pH值中性,除水后得到聚合醇防塌抑制剂。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种环保钻井液盐浆体系用聚合醇防塌抑制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:按质量比1:3:1分别对应称取环氧乙烷、乙二醇和氨基聚醚,将其室温搅拌均匀后,缓慢倒入高压反应釜内,加入0.1%质量分数的氯铂酸-NaOH催化剂,持续通入氮气保护,控制反应温度在110℃,压力恒定在0.2Mpa,均匀搅拌60min后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物倒出,使用蒸馏水和0.1%浓度的盐酸溶液和NaOH溶液洗涤副产物和多余未反应的乙二醇至pH值中性,除水后得到聚合醇防塌抑制剂。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种环保钻井液盐浆体系用聚合醇防塌抑制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:按质量比0.5:1:1:3分别对应称取硅油、氨基聚醚、环氧乙烷和乙二醇,将其室温搅拌均匀10min后,缓慢倒入高压反应釜内,加入0.05%质量分数的有机月桂酸-NaOH-氯铂酸催化剂,持续通入氮气保护,控制反应温度在75~80℃,压力恒定在0.1Mpa,均匀搅拌60min后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物倒出,使用蒸馏水和0.1%浓度的盐酸溶液和NaOH溶液洗涤副产物和多余未反应的乙二醇至pH值中性,除水后,添加纳米二氧化硅粉末,继续搅拌30min,得到聚合醇防塌抑制剂。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种环保钻井液盐浆体系用聚合醇防塌抑制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:按质量比0.5:0.5:1:0.5分别对应称取硅油、聚醚L61、环氧乙烷和乙二醇,将其室温搅拌均匀10min后,缓慢倒入高压反应釜内,加入0.05%质量分数的有机月桂酸-NaOH-氯铂酸催化剂,持续通入氮气保护,控制反应温度在75~80℃,压力恒定在0.1Mpa,均匀搅拌60min后,打开安全泄压阀,排除高压反应釜内余压,将合成产物倒出,添加纳米二氧化硅粉末和稠化剂,继续搅拌30min,得到聚合醇防塌抑制剂。
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