CN111439846A - Aquatic plant floating bed and method for treating eutrophic water body by using same - Google Patents
Aquatic plant floating bed and method for treating eutrophic water body by using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN111439846A CN111439846A CN202010387499.1A CN202010387499A CN111439846A CN 111439846 A CN111439846 A CN 111439846A CN 202010387499 A CN202010387499 A CN 202010387499A CN 111439846 A CN111439846 A CN 111439846A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 158
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000005273 Canna coccinea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000205574 Acorus calamus Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000252229 Carassius auratus Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000207867 Pistia stratiotes Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000006440 Pistia stratiotes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011996 Calamus deerratus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000001592 Amaranthus caudatus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009328 Amaranthus caudatus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000003826 Eichhornia crassipes Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000008555 Canna flaccida Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000234587 Canna Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000169203 Eichhornia Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P] Chemical compound [N].[P] YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000006480 Acorus calamus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000292211 Canna coccinea Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000010866 blackwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001244577 Myriophyllum spicatum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aquatic plant floating bed, which relates to the technical field of water body purification and comprises an upper floating bed, a lower floating bed, a connecting rod, an air bag and an aeration device, wherein the connecting rod is hollow, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the upper floating bed, the other end of the connecting rod penetrates through the lower floating bed and is connected with the aeration device, and the air bag is positioned around the upper floating bed; aeration equipment includes aeration pipe and fan, and the aeration pipe diapire is equipped with the aeration mouth, and the bottom of connecting rod is connected with the one end of aeration pipe, and the top and the fan of connecting rod are connected. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the aeration port is positioned on the bottom wall of the aeration pipe, so that the influence of air on aquatic plants on the lower floating bed is reduced, and the aquatic plants on the lower floating bed are prevented from falling off from the lower floating bed due to aeration. When the aquatic plants need to be managed and replaced, each thrown aquatic plant does not need to be replaced, the floating bed can be directly taken, and after the floating bed is taken out of a water body, the aquatic plants on the floating bed are directly replaced, so that the workload is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water body purification, in particular to an aquatic plant floating bed and a method for treating a eutrophic water body by adopting the floating bed.
Background
The water eutrophication is the phenomenon of water quality pollution caused by excessive content of nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutritive salts in the water. The essence of the method is that the species distribution of the water ecosystem is unbalanced due to the unbalanced input and output of nutritive salt, and single species such as algae grow excessively, so that the flow of substances and energy of the system is damaged, and the whole water ecosystem is damaged.
The excessive nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the water body mainly come from untreated or incompletely treated industrial wastewater and domestic sewage, organic garbage, livestock and poultry manure and agricultural fertilizers, wherein the largest source is a large amount of fertilizers applied to farmlands. A large number of studies at home and abroad prove that various aquatic plants have obvious effects on removing nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient substances and reduce the eutrophication level of a water body. The aquatic plants play an important role in removing nitrogen and phosphorus.
However, in the prior art, the eutrophic water body is treated by the aquatic plants, the aquatic plants are usually directly put into the water body, the plants are not easy to manage, and the workload is large.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the technical problems to be solved by the invention is that in the prior art, the aquatic plants are directly put into the eutrophic water body, the plants are not easy to manage, the workload is large, and the aquatic plant floating bed is provided.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical means:
the invention provides an aquatic plant floating bed which comprises an upper floating bed, a lower floating bed, a connecting rod, an air bag and an aeration device, wherein the connecting rod is hollow, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the upper floating bed, the other end of the connecting rod penetrates through the lower floating bed and is connected with the aeration device, and the air bag is positioned on the periphery of the upper floating bed;
the aeration device comprises an aeration pipe and a fan, wherein an aeration opening is formed in the bottom wall of the aeration pipe, the bottom end of the connecting rod is connected with one end of the aeration pipe, and the top end of the connecting rod is connected with the fan.
The working principle is as follows: place aquatic plant and fix respectively on last bed and the bed that floats down, then will float the bed and arrange in nitrogen phosphorus pollution water such as black and odorous water in, the gasbag provides buoyancy for floating the bed, float the bed because the buoyancy of gasbag can not sink into the water, open the fan, gaseous one end from the connecting rod gets into, in getting into the aeration pipe from the other end of connecting rod, from aeration mouthful down transport air, make float the bed realize going up and down floating in the water under gaseous effect, thereby handle the eutrophication of the different degree of depth water.
Has the advantages that: the floating bed is lifted and floated in the water body through the aeration device, so that eutrophication of water bodies with different depths is treated; the aeration port is positioned on the bottom wall of the aeration pipe, so that the influence of air on aquatic plants on the lower floating bed can be reduced, and the aquatic plants on the lower floating bed are prevented from falling off from the lower floating bed due to aeration. When the aquatic plants need to be managed and replaced, each thrown aquatic plant does not need to be replaced, the floating bed can be directly taken, and after the floating bed is taken out of a water body, the aquatic plants on the floating bed are directly replaced, so that the workload is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
The aeration device increases the oxygen content of the water body to be purified, inhibits anaerobic bacteria in the water body from decomposing and releasing phosphorus and nitrogen, enhances the activity of the floating bed aquatic plant and reduces the algae propagation of the water body.
Preferably, the upper floating bed comprises a first fixed plate, a first support frame and a first fixed plate, the number of the first fixed plate and the first support frame is multiple, the first support frames are radially distributed by taking the center of the first fixed plate as the circle center, the first fixed plates are sequentially arranged at intervals by taking the center of the first fixed plate as the circle center, a cavity for accommodating aquatic plants is formed between the adjacent first fixed plates, one end of the first support frame is connected with the side wall of the first fixed plate, and the first support frame is connected with the first fixed plate at the intersection.
Through adjustment cavity size, make the root of aquatic plant put into the cavity between the adjacent first fixed plate to fix the aquatic plant.
Preferably, the upper surface of the floating bed is provided with a first mesh cover.
Put into first screen panel through the root system with aquatic plant to better fix the aquatic plant on the floating bed.
Preferably, a first floating mattress is arranged on the first mesh enclosure, and a through hole is formed in the surface of the first floating mattress.
The aquatic plants are positioned in the through holes on the surface of the first floating mattress, so that the aquatic plants can be better fixed.
Preferably, the side wall edge of the first fixed plate at the edge of the upper floating bed extends upwards to form a first baffle.
The impact of the water flow on the side of the upper floating bed can be reduced.
Preferably, the center of the first fixed disk is provided with a threaded hole, the side wall of the connecting rod is provided with a plurality of threaded parts matched with the threaded hole, and the threaded parts are arranged at intervals.
In turning over into the screwed hole with the one end of connecting rod, the screw thread portion and the screw hole threaded connection of connecting rod lateral wall rotate connecting rod to one of them screw thread portion and screw hole threaded connection, then, install the top of connecting rod on the fan.
Preferably, the bed that floats down includes second fixed disk, second support frame and second fixed plate, the number of second fixed plate and second support frame is a plurality ofly, and a plurality of second support frames use the center of second fixed disk to be radial distribution as the centre of a circle, and a plurality of second fixed plates use the center of second fixed disk to set up as the centre of a circle interval in proper order, form the cavity that holds aquatic plant between the adjacent second fixed plate, the one end and the second fixed disk lateral wall of second support frame are connected, the second support frame links to each other at intercrossing department with the second fixed plate.
Through adjustment cavity size, make the root of aquatic plant put into the cavity between the adjacent first fixed plate to fix the aquatic plant.
Preferably, the number of the lower floating beds is multiple.
The number of the lower floating beds can be adjusted according to the water quality of the water body to be restored, when the water quality of the water body to be restored is poor, the number of the lower floating beds is increased, and the purification effect is improved.
Preferably, the upper surface of the lower floating bed is provided with a second mesh enclosure.
Put into the second screen panel through the root system with aquatic plant to better fix the aquatic plant that floats on the bed down.
Preferably, a second floating mattress is arranged on the second mesh enclosure, and a through hole is formed in the surface of the second floating mattress.
The aquatic plant is located the through-hole on second floating mattress surface, better fixes the aquatic plant.
Preferably, the side wall edge of the second fixed plate at the edge of the lower floating bed extends upwards to form a second baffle.
The impact of the water flow on the side of the lower floating bed can be reduced.
Preferably, the center of the second fixed disk is provided with a threaded hole.
The working principle is as follows: when the end of fan and connecting rod is fixed connection, inconvenient dismantlement time, float the bed from the installation of connecting rod bottom, float the bed to the suitable position of connecting rod on rotating, then float the bed under the installation, float the bed to suitable position under rotating, then install the bottom at the connecting rod with the aeration pipe, then place aquatic plant at last float the bed and float the bed under with on.
Has the advantages that: can adjust the distance between the upper and lower floating bed through the connecting rod to adjust the height of floating bed from the bottom, adjust the position of floating bed in the water body, thereby adjust according to the quality of water condition of the water body to be repaired.
Preferably, the bottom of connecting rod is equipped with the external screw thread, the aeration pipe includes first aeration pipe and second aeration pipe, first aeration pipe is the form of spiraling, the second aeration pipe is the straight tube form, the one end of second aeration pipe and the inner circle end connection of first aeration pipe, the other end of second aeration pipe is equipped with the internal thread, the other end and the connecting rod bottom threaded connection of second aeration pipe.
The upper floating bed, the lower floating bed and the aeration pipe are convenient to mount and dismount.
Preferably, the number of gasbag is a plurality of, and a plurality of gasbags are located first baffle all around, set up through the pipeline series connection between a plurality of gasbags, be equipped with the breather pipe on the gasbag.
The air bag is inflated through the vent pipe, so that sufficient buoyancy is provided for floating of the floating bed, the phenomenon that the floating bed sinks into a water body due to overweight of the self weight is avoided, and the purifying and repairing effects of the floating bed on the whole black water body are improved.
Preferably, a pull rope is arranged on the connecting rod.
The floating bed is pulled back to the bank side through the pull rope, so that the aquatic plants on the floating bed can be replaced regularly; or when the river channel needs to be vacated, the floating bed can be pulled back to the bank through the pull rope, and the river channel is vacated.
The second technical problem to be solved by the invention is that the aquatic plants are directly put into the eutrophic water body in the prior art, so that the plants are difficult to manage, the workload is large, and the method for reducing the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the eutrophic water body by adopting the aquatic plant floating bed is provided.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical means:
the invention provides a method for treating a eutrophic water body by adopting an aquatic plant floating bed, which comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the total nitrogen content and the total phosphorus content in the water body of the area to be repaired;
(2) selecting planted emergent aquatic plants, floating plants and submerged plants according to the determination result in the step (1), and performing pre-culture until the total nitrogen content of the water body is 1.5-15 mg. L-1The total phosphorus content is 0.1-2 mg. L-1In the method, emergent aquatic plants are one of water lettuce and water hyacinth, floating plants are one of canna and calamus, and submerged plants are one of goldfish algae and foxtail algae of panicled flower;
(3) setting emergent aquatic plants and floating plants on the upper floating bed, setting submerged plants on the lower floating bed, and setting the floating bed in the water body in the area to be repaired.
Has the advantages that the aquatic plant floating bed can be used for arranging different types of aquatic plants, emergent aquatic plants, floating plants and submerged plants are separately arranged, and when the total nitrogen content of the water body is 1.5-15 mg. L-1The total phosphorus content is 0.1-2 mg. L-1In the process, the emergent aquatic plants, the floating plants and the submerged plants can be used for better restoring the water body of the area to be restored, and a scientific theoretical basis is provided for ecological restoration of the eutrophic water body.
The aquatic plants can absorb and enrich nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient substances in the water body, and provide the nutrient substances for the growth of the aquatic plants. On the other hand, the growth of the aquatic plants can absorb nitrogen and phosphorus substances in water, and the water body is purified. The application of the aquatic plant floating bed can realize the purification function of water bodies with different depths by utilizing different characteristics of aquatic plants and ensure certain landscape effect.
Preferably, the submerged plant is Goldfish algae, and the planting density of the Goldfish algae is 15-20 buds/clump and 20-40 clumps/square meter.
Preferably, the submerged plant is the foxtail spicatus, and the planting density of the foxtail spicatus is 5-10 buds/clump and 20-40 clumps/square meter.
Preferably, the floating plant is canna, and the planting density of the canna is 30-40 plants per square meter.
Preferably, the floating plant is calamus, and the planting density of the calamus is 40-60 plants per square meter.
Preferably, the emergent aquatic plant is pistia stratiotes, and the planting density of the pistia stratiotes is 40-60 plants per square meter.
Preferably, the emergent aquatic plant is water hyacinth, and the planting density of the water hyacinth is 30-40 plants per square meter.
The planting density of emergent aquatic plants, floating plants and submerged plants is determined according to the area and the cost of the floating bed, the total nitrogen and total phosphorus content of the water body can be effectively reduced, and a scientific theoretical basis is provided for ecological restoration of the eutrophic water body.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: place aquatic plant and place respectively on last bed and the bed that floats down, then will float the bed and arrange in nitrogen phosphorus pollution water such as black and odorous water in, the gasbag provides buoyancy for floating the bed, float the bed because the buoyancy of gasbag can not sink into the water, open the fan, gaseous one end from the connecting rod gets into, in getting into the aeration pipe from the other end of connecting rod, from aeration mouthful down transport air, make float the bed realize going up and down floating in the water under gaseous effect, thereby handle the eutrophication of the different degree of depth water.
The invention has the advantages that:
by adopting the aquatic plant floating bed, the aeration port is positioned at the bottom wall of the aeration pipe, so that the influence of air on aquatic plants on the lower floating bed can be reduced, and the aquatic plants on the lower floating bed can be prevented from falling off from the lower floating bed due to aeration. When the aquatic plants need to be managed and replaced, each thrown aquatic plant does not need to be replaced, the floating bed can be directly taken, and after the floating bed is taken out of a water body, the aquatic plants on the floating bed are directly replaced, so that the workload is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
The aeration device increases the oxygen content of the water body to be purified, inhibits anaerobic bacteria in the water body from decomposing and releasing phosphorus and nitrogen, enhances the activity of the floating bed aquatic plants, and reduces the algae propagation of the water body.
The aquatic plant floating bed can be used for arranging aquatic plants of different types, emergent aquatic plants, floating plants and submerged plants are separately arranged, and when the total nitrogen content of a water body is 1.5-15 mg. L-1The total phosphorus content is 0.1-2 mg. L-1In the process, the emergent aquatic plants, the floating plants and the submerged plants can be used for better restoring the water body of the area to be restored, and a scientific theoretical basis is provided for ecological restoration of the eutrophic water body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a floating bed of an aquatic plant according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the upper floating bed in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing the upper floating bed in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the lower floating bed and the connecting rods in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a floating bed of aquatic plants in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of an aeration tube in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a bottom view of a first aeration tube according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a floating bed of aquatic plants in example 2 of the present invention;
in the figure: an upper floating bed 1; a first fixed disk 11; a first support frame 12; a first fixing plate 13; a first mesh enclosure 14; a first baffle 15; a lower floating bed 2; a second fixed disk 21; a second support frame 22; a second fixing plate 23; a second net cover 24; a second baffle 25; a connecting rod 3; a threaded portion 31; an air bag 4; a breather pipe 41; an aeration pipe 51; a first aeration tube 511; an aeration port 5111; and a second aeration tube 512.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Example 1
An aquatic plant floating bed is shown in figures 1-6 and comprises an upper floating bed 1, a lower floating bed 2, a connecting rod 3, an air bag 4 and an aeration device.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the upper floating bed 1 includes a first fixed plate 11, a plurality of first supporting frames 12 and a plurality of first fixed plates 13, the first fixed plate 13 and the first supporting frames 12 are provided, and a threaded hole (not shown) is formed in the center of the first fixed plate 11.
The first fixing plates 13 are arranged in sequence at equal intervals by taking the center of the first fixing disc 11 as a circle center, a cavity for accommodating aquatic plants is formed between every two adjacent first fixing plates 13, the first supporting frames 12 are radially distributed by taking the center of the first fixing disc 11 as the circle center, the cross section of each first fixing disc 11 is circular, each first fixing plate 13 is in a ring shape, one end of each first supporting frame 12 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the corresponding first fixing disc 11, each first supporting frame 12 is fixedly connected with the corresponding first fixing plate 13 at the intersection, the first supporting frames 12 and the corresponding first fixing plates 13 are integrally formed in the embodiment, the number of the first fixing plates 13 is four, and the number of the first supporting frames 12 is five.
For the convenience is fixed the aquatic plant, the first screen panel 14 of upper surface fixed mounting of bed 1 floats, the mounting means of first screen panel 14 is prior art, the first mattress (not shown) that floats of fixed mounting on the first screen panel 14, the surface of the first mattress that floats is equipped with the through-hole, the position of through-hole corresponds with the position that forms the cavity that holds the aquatic plant between the adjacent first fixed plate 13, the aquatic plant is located the through-hole on first mattress surface that floats, better fixes the aquatic plant. In order to reduce the impact of the water flow on the side edge of the floating bed 1, the side wall edge of the first fixing plate 13 at the edge of the floating bed 1 extends upwards to form a first baffle 15.
The number of gasbag 4 is a plurality of, specific number sets up according to actual need, 4 distribution of a plurality of gasbags are installed around first baffle 15, gasbag 4's mounting means is prior art, set up through the pipeline series between a plurality of gasbags 4, install breather pipe 41 on one of them gasbag 4, aerify gasbag 4 through breather pipe 41, so that provide sufficient buoyancy for the come-up of come-up bed 1, avoid because self weight overweight immerses the water, improve the purification restoration effect of bed-floating to whole black water.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the lower floating bed 2 includes a second fixed plate 21, a second supporting frame 22 and a second fixed plate 23, the number of the second fixed plate 23 and the second supporting frame 22 is multiple, and a threaded hole is formed in the center of the second fixed plate 21.
The second fixing plates 23 are sequentially arranged at equal intervals by taking the center of the second fixing disc 21 as a circle center, a cavity for accommodating aquatic plants is formed between every two adjacent second fixing plates 23, the second supporting frames 22 are radially distributed by taking the center of the second fixing disc 21 as the circle center, the cross sections of the second fixing discs 21 are circular, the second fixing plates 23 are circular, one ends of the second supporting frames 22 are fixedly connected with the side walls of the second fixing discs 21, the second supporting frames 22 are fixedly connected with the second fixing plates 23 at the cross positions, the other ends of the second supporting frames 22 are sequentially integrally formed with the second fixing plates 23, the number of the second fixing plates 23 is four, and the number of the second supporting frames 22 is five.
For the convenience is fixed the aquatic plant, the upper surface fixed mounting second screen panel 24 of bed 2 floats down, and the mounting means of second screen panel 24 is prior art, and the mattress is floated to fixed mounting second on the second screen panel 24, and the surface that the mattress was floated to the second is equipped with the through-hole, and the position of through-hole corresponds with the position that forms the cavity that holds the aquatic plant between the adjacent second fixed plate 23, and the aquatic plant is located the through-hole on the mattress surface is floated to the second, and better fixes the aquatic plant. In order to reduce the impact of the water flow on the side of the lower floating bed 2, the side wall edge of the second fixing plate 23 at the edge of the lower floating bed 2 extends upwards to form a second baffle 25.
One end of the connecting rod 3 is in threaded connection with a threaded hole in the center of the first fixed disk 11, and the other end of the connecting rod 3 is in threaded connection with a threaded hole in the center of the second fixed disk 21. In order to adjust the height between the upper floating bed 1 and the lower floating bed 2 and install the aeration apparatus, as shown in fig. 4, the side wall of the connecting rod 3 is provided with a plurality of screw portions 31 engaged with the central screw holes of the first fixed disk 11 and the second fixed disk 21, and the plurality of screw portions 31 are spaced apart.
Aeration equipment includes aeration pipe 51 and fan (not shown), the top and the fan fixed connection of connecting rod 3, the connecting rod 3 bottom sets up the screw thread, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, aeration pipe 51 includes first aeration pipe 511 and second aeration pipe 512, first aeration pipe 511 is the form of spiraling, aeration mouth 5111 is seted up to the diapire of first aeration pipe 511, the number of aeration mouth 5111 sets up according to actual need, second aeration pipe 512 is the straight tube form, the one end of second aeration pipe 512 and the inner circle tip fixed connection of first aeration pipe 511, the internal thread is seted up to the other end inner wall of second aeration pipe 512, the other end and the connecting rod 3 bottom threaded connection of second aeration pipe 512. During installation, the upper floating bed 1 is installed from the bottom end of the connecting rod 3, the upper floating bed 1 is rotated to the proper position of the connecting rod 3, then the lower floating bed 2 is installed, the lower floating bed 2 is rotated to the proper position, then the aeration pipe 51 is installed at the bottom end of the connecting rod 3, and then the aquatic plants are placed on the upper floating bed 1 and the lower floating bed 2.
In order to facilitate the regular replacement of the aquatic plants on the floating bed, a pull rope (not shown) is fixedly installed on the connecting rod 3, the length of the pull rope is set according to actual needs, and the floating bed is pulled back to the bank side through the pull rope.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: place aquatic plant and place respectively on last bed 1 and the bed 2 that floats down, then in arranging nitrogen phosphorus pollution water such as black and odorous water in the bed that floats, gasbag 4 provides buoyancy for floating the bed, floating the bed because gasbag 4's buoyancy can not sink into the water, open the fan, gaseous one end from connecting rod 3 gets into, get into aeration pipe 51 from the other end of connecting rod 3 in, from aeration mouth 5111 down transport air, make and float the bed and realize going up and down floating in the water under gaseous effect, thereby handle the eutrophication of the different degree of depth water.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment are that: the aeration port 5111 is located at the bottom wall of the aeration pipe 51, so that the influence of air on the aquatic plants on the lower floating bed 2 can be reduced, and the aquatic plants on the lower floating bed 2 can be prevented from falling off from the lower floating bed 2 due to aeration. When the aquatic plants need to be managed and replaced, each thrown aquatic plant does not need to be replaced, the floating bed can be directly taken, and after the floating bed is taken out of a water body, the aquatic plants on the floating bed are directly replaced, so that the workload is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
The aeration device increases the oxygen content of the water body to be purified, inhibits anaerobic bacteria in the water body from decomposing and releasing phosphorus and nitrogen, enhances the activity of the floating bed aquatic plant and reduces the algae propagation of the water body.
Adjust the buoyancy of floating bed through gasbag 4, the root that makes the aquatic plant on the bed 1 of floating is in aqueous, position such as stem segment is on the surface of water, 2 suspension of bed float down in the water, because be equipped with screw thread portion on the connecting rod 3, can be according to the height of benthophyte, adjust the distance of bed 1 of floating and bed 2 of floating down, and simultaneously, can be according to treating the quality of water change of restoreing the water at the different degree of depth, adjust the bed 2 of floating down in the water apart from submarine height, adjust the position of bed 2 of floating down in the water, improve purification efficiency.
Example 2
This embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: as shown in fig. 8, the number of the lower floating beds 2 is multiple, the specific number of the lower floating beds 2 is determined according to the water quality of the water body to be restored, the number of the lower floating beds 2 in the embodiment is 2, the lower floating beds 2 are all in threaded connection with the connecting rod 3, when the water quality of the water body to be restored is poor, the number of the lower floating beds 2 is increased, and the purification effect is improved.
Example 3
Determining the influence of the nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in different eutrophic water bodies on the purification effect of different aquatic plants
(1) The construction of a single aquatic plant community comprises the steps of planting 6 plants of each aquatic plant in a PVC bucket to serve as a community, constructing 3 concentration gradients, and constructing 6 combinations × concentration gradients which are 18 communities;
(2) planting the constructed aquatic plant community in a PVC bucket, wherein the height of the bucket is 30cm, the diameter of the bucket is 34cm, and pre-culturing the aquatic plant community for 1 week under the condition of natural illumination without rain after the aquatic plant community is cleaned;
(2) constructing three eutrophic water bodies with concentration gradients, wherein the total nitrogen content of the eutrophic water body with the concentration of A is 15 mg. L-1The total phosphorus content is 2 mg. L-1The total nitrogen content of B-concentration eutrophic water body is 5 mg-L-1The total phosphorus content is 0.5 mg. L-1The total nitrogen content of the eutrophic water body with the C concentration is 1.5 mg-L-1The total phosphorus content is 0.1 mg-L-1. In the purification process, no nutrient substance is added, and only the water lost by evaporation is supplemented;
(3) after the plants recover to normal growth, the 21 constructed communities are placed in a PVC bucket filled with 3 kinds of concentration gradient sewage, wherein the volume of a water sample treated in the test is 15L, and one bucket is placed in one community;
when the floating plants are canna, the planting density of the canna is adjusted to be within the range of 30-40 canna/square meter; when the floating plant is calamus, adjusting the planting density of the calamus to be within the range of 40-60 plants per square meter; when the emerging plant is pistia stratiotes, adjusting the planting density of the pistia stratiotes in the range of 40-60 plants/square meter; when the emergent aquatic plant is the Eichhornia crassipes, adjusting the planting density of the Eichhornia crassipes within the range of 30-40 plants per square meter;
(4) after culturing for 30 days, 50m L water sample is taken at 10cm under the water surface to measure the water quality indexes of total nitrogen and total phosphorus, and the measurement results are shown in tables 1 and 2.
Table 1 shows the total nitrogen reduction rate of water
As can be seen from Table 1, Goldfish algae and Iphialophora spicatus in eutrophic water body (medium concentration, 5 mg. L) with concentration of B-1) And C concentration eutrophic water body (low concentration, 1.5 mg. L)-1) Acorus calamus, pistia stratiotes and water hyacinth in eutrophic water body (high concentration, 15 mg. L) with concentration A-1) B-concentration eutrophic water body (medium concentration, 5 mg. L)-1) Canna indica in eutrophic water with A concentration (high concentration, 15 mg. L)-1) And C concentration eutrophic water body (low concentration, 1.5 mg. L)-1) And the total nitrogen removal effect is better.
Table 2 shows the total phosphorus reduction rate of water
As can be seen from Table 2, Goldfish algae, Acorus calamus, Pistia stratiotes and Eichhornia crassipes are enriched in nutrient at concentration ANourishing and chemical water body (high concentration, 2 mg. L)-1) And B concentration eutrophic water body (medium concentration, 0.5 mg. L)-1) The removal efficiency of the total phosphorus is higher, the myriophyllum spicatum is in the eutrophication water body with the concentration of B (the medium concentration, 0.5 mg. L)-1) And C concentration eutrophic water (low concentration, 0.1 mg. L)-1) The canna indica has higher effect of removing total phosphorus in the eutrophic water body with the concentration of A (high concentration, 2 mg. L)-1) And C concentration eutrophic water (low concentration, 0.1 mg. L)-1) The removing effect of the total phosphorus is higher.
Example 4
Method for reducing concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in eutrophic water body by using aquatic plant floating bed in embodiment 1
(1) Determining the total nitrogen and total phosphorus content in the water body of the area to be repaired, selecting emergent aquatic plants, floating plants and submerged plants which are properly planted according to the determination result in the embodiment 2, and pre-culturing for 1 week under the condition of natural illumination and no rain after cleaning;
(2) adjusting the height between an upper floating bed 1 and a lower floating bed 2, then arranging emergent aquatic plants and floating plants on the upper floating bed 1, arranging submerged plants on the lower floating bed 2, placing the floating bed in the water body of the area to be repaired for 30 days, and simultaneously starting a fan on the floating bed to enable the floating bed to realize lifting and floating in the water body under the action of gas, thereby treating eutrophication of water bodies with different depths;
(3) after the treatment is finished, the floating bed is pulled back to the bank side through the pull rope to replace or otherwise treat the aquatic plants.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An aquatic plant floats bed which characterized in that: the air bag aeration device comprises an upper floating bed, a lower floating bed, a connecting rod, an air bag and an aeration device, wherein the connecting rod is hollow, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the upper floating bed, the other end of the connecting rod penetrates through the lower floating bed to be connected with the aeration device, and the air bag is positioned around the upper floating bed;
the aeration device comprises an aeration pipe and a fan, wherein an aeration opening is formed in the bottom wall of the aeration pipe, the bottom end of the connecting rod is connected with one end of the aeration pipe, and the top end of the connecting rod is connected with the fan.
2. The aquatic plant floating bed of claim 1, wherein: the floating bed comprises a first fixed disk, a first support frame and a first fixed plate, wherein the number of the first fixed plate and the number of the first support frame are multiple, the first support frames are radially distributed by taking the center of the first fixed disk as the circle center, the first fixed plates are sequentially arranged by taking the center of the first fixed disk as the circle center at intervals, a cavity for accommodating aquatic plants is formed between every two adjacent first fixed plates, one end of the first support frame is connected with the side wall of the first fixed disk, and the second support frame is connected with the second fixed plate at the position of mutual intersection.
3. The aquatic plant floating bed of claim 2, wherein: the upper surface of the floating bed is provided with a first mesh enclosure.
4. The aquatic plant floating bed of claim 2, wherein: the edge of the side wall of the first fixing plate at the edge of the upper floating bed extends upwards to form a first baffle.
5. The aquatic plant floating bed of claim 2, wherein: first fixed disk center is equipped with the screw hole, the connecting rod lateral wall is equipped with a plurality ofly and screw hole complex screw thread portion, a plurality of screw thread portion intervals set up.
6. The aquatic plant floating bed of claim 1, wherein: the lower floating bed comprises a second fixed disk, a second supporting frame and a second fixed plate, wherein the number of the second fixed plate and the number of the second supporting frame are multiple, the second supporting frames are radially distributed by taking the center of the second fixed disk as the circle center, the second fixed plates are sequentially arranged by taking the center of the second fixed disk as the circle center at intervals, a cavity for accommodating aquatic plants is formed between every two adjacent second fixed plates, one end of the second supporting frame is connected with the side wall of the second fixed disk, and the second supporting frame is connected with the second fixed plates at the intersection.
7. The aquatic plant floating bed of claim 6, wherein: and a second mesh enclosure is arranged on the upper surface of the lower floating bed.
8. The aquatic plant floating bed of claim 6, wherein: and the side wall edge of the second fixed plate at the edge of the lower floating bed extends upwards to form a second baffle.
9. The method of reducing nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in a eutrophic water body using the aquatic plant floating bed of any of claims 1-8, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the total nitrogen content and the total phosphorus content in the water body of the area to be repaired;
(2) selecting planted emergent aquatic plants, floating plants and submerged plants according to the determination result in the step (1), and performing pre-culture until the total nitrogen content of the water body is 1.5-15 mg. L-1The total phosphorus content is 0.1-2 mg. L-1In the method, emergent aquatic plants are one of water lettuce and water hyacinth, floating plants are one of canna and calamus, and submerged plants are one of goldfish algae and foxtail algae of panicled flower;
(3) setting emergent aquatic plants and floating plants on the upper floating bed, setting submerged plants on the lower floating bed, and setting the floating bed in the water body in the area to be repaired.
10. The method of reducing nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in a eutrophic water body using a floating bed of aquatic plants of claim 9, wherein: the submerged plant is Goldfish algae, and the planting density of the Goldfish algae is 15-20 buds/clump and 20-40 clumps/square meter.
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| CN118452069A (en) * | 2024-07-09 | 2024-08-09 | 陕西省西安植物园(陕西省植物研究所) | Aquatic plant breeds with multi-functional layering water platform |
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