CN111439458A - 一种具有陶瓷质感的多层瓶坯及瓶 - Google Patents

一种具有陶瓷质感的多层瓶坯及瓶 Download PDF

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CN111439458A
CN111439458A CN202010433540.4A CN202010433540A CN111439458A CN 111439458 A CN111439458 A CN 111439458A CN 202010433540 A CN202010433540 A CN 202010433540A CN 111439458 A CN111439458 A CN 111439458A
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layer
bottle
preform
light
ceramic
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谢国基
姜晓平
卢佳
刘勇
吴晨曦
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Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy Group Co Ltd
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GDXL Precise Machinery Co Ltd
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    • B32B7/00Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/24Adaptations for preventing deterioration or decay of contents; Applications to the container or packaging material of food preservatives, fungicides, pesticides or animal repellants
    • B65D81/30Adaptations for preventing deterioration or decay of contents; Applications to the container or packaging material of food preservatives, fungicides, pesticides or animal repellants by excluding light or other outside radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/02Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

本发明提出一种具有陶瓷质感的多层瓶坯,该多层瓶坯的壁至少为两层结构,从多层瓶坯的外到内,包括外层和底层,外层采用第一种材料制成,底层采用第二种材料制成,第二种材料与第一种材料不同,由第一种材料制成的外层为透明层,由第二种材料制成的底层形成不透光层,第二种材料为第一种材料与色母的混合材料,色母占混合材料的比重为5%~20%。该多层瓶坯通过吹塑工艺形成的瓶具有不透光的功效,避免了一些特殊的瓶装产品受到光线照射而影响产品质量,且具有陶瓷质感,相比于现有塑料瓶更加美观。

Description

一种具有陶瓷质感的多层瓶坯及瓶
技术领域
本发明涉及多层塑料容器,尤其涉及一种具有陶瓷质感的多层瓶坯及瓶。
背景技术
随着塑料注塑和吹塑技术的迅速发展,塑料瓶得到了广泛应用,尤其是在饮料行业。目前许多饮料生产商为了突出其商品的特殊性、显著性,在保证饮料瓶各种灌装性能要求的前提条件下,向制造用来吹塑成型的瓶坯的材料中添加各种颜色,如蓝色、浅蓝色、绿色等单层结构瓶或者具有颜色渐变的多层瓶,从而在外观视觉上吸引顾客,给消费者留下印象。如图1所示的单层结构瓶10',瓶坯的壁仅有一层1',这是最为普通的塑料瓶结构,如想为单层结构瓶增添颜色,则在塑料材料中添加颜料。如图2所示的多层结构瓶10'',瓶壁1''具有3层结构,分别为外层11''、中间层12''、底层13'',其中,外层11''和底层13''为塑料层,中间层12''为着色层,这样的瓶坯结构能够制成颜色渐变的塑料瓶,其外观较单层结构瓶更加美观。
然而,现有的塑料瓶却不能满足乳制品的需求,乳制品种类繁多,尤其是经UHT处理的牛奶、巴氏奶和各种酸奶,其中的某些维生素(如E族维生素)、蛋白质、脂肪会由于光的作用而降解,而现有的塑料瓶大多为透明或半透明,采用现有的塑料瓶包装的乳制品在几天后,其原有的营养特性将有所下降,无法保持原有的口感和营养。
发明内容
为解决现有技术存在的问题,本发明提出一种具有陶瓷质感的多层瓶坯及瓶,其能阻挡光线,保证瓶内的产品质量不受光线的影响,且具有陶瓷质感,提升了塑料瓶的美观度。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种具有陶瓷质感的多层瓶坯,该多层瓶坯的壁至少为两层结构,从多层瓶坯的外到内,包括外层和底层,外层采用第一种材料制成,底层采用第二种材料制成,第二种材料与第一种材料不同,由第一种材料制成的外层为透明层,由第二种材料制成的底层形成不透光层,第二种材料为第一种材料与色母的混合材料,色母占混合材料的比重为5%~20%。
进一步地,色母选自华润仿瓷料、嘉洛斯阻光剂、荷兰色彩阻光剂。
进一步地,第一种材料选自PET、PP、PETG。
进一步地,外层的厚度大于底层。
进一步地,底层和外层的厚度比值范围是1︰1.5~1︰2.3。
进一步地,外层的重量占瓶坯总重量的60%~70%,底层的重量占瓶坯总重量的30%~40%。
进一步地,多层瓶坯还包括内层,内层位于多层瓶坯的最内侧,内层采用第一种材料制成,为透明层。
进一步地,外层的厚度大于内层,底层的厚度小于内层。
进一步地,多层瓶坯采用多层共注的成型方式,外层和内层具有公共的注塑源头,底层具有独立的注塑源头。
本发明还提出一种具有陶瓷质感的瓶,通过对上述多层瓶坯进行吹塑成型。
进一步地,瓶在波长为400nm以下的全光线透过率为1%以下。
进一步地,瓶在波长为400~600nm的全光线透过率为10%以下。
本发明的多层瓶坯及瓶具有如下有益效果:
(1)瓶坯和瓶具有不透光层,能阻挡可见光的透过,保证了一些特殊的、对光线敏感的瓶装产品(例如乳制品)原有的口感和营养特性,避免这些产品由于光线的照射影响产品质量;
(2)瓶坯的结构设计和材料设计使得吹塑形成的塑料瓶表面光亮、透光性弱、反射性强,表现出陶瓷质感,相比于现有塑料瓶更加美观。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描写和阐述。
图1是现有技术中单层结构瓶坯的是示意图。
图2是现有技术中多层结构瓶坯的是示意图。
图3是本发明首选实施方式的具有陶瓷质感的多层瓶坯的示意图。
图4是图3中A处的放大图。
图5是本发明的具有陶瓷质感的瓶对光线的折射和反射示意图。
图6是瓶的透光率的测试图。
图7是本发明另一种形状的多层瓶坯的示意图。
图8是本发明第二实施方式的多层结构瓶坯的是示意图。
图9是图8中B处的放大图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图、通过对本发明的优选实施方式的描述,更加清楚、完整地阐述本发明的技术方案。
实施例1
如图3和图4所示,本发明首选实施方式的具有陶瓷质感的多层瓶坯10至少为两层结构,从多层瓶坯10的外到内,多层瓶坯的壁1至少包括外层11和底层12。
外层11采用第一种材料制成,该第一种材料形成的外层11为透明层。优选地,第一种材料为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)。本领域技术人员可以想到,该第一种材料还可以采用聚丙烯(PP)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯(PETG)。
底层12采用第二种材料制成,第二种材料与第一种材料不同,第二种材料形成的底层为不透光层。第二种材料是上述外层材料(也即第一种材料)与色母的混合材料,色母的重量比例占整个第二种材料重量比例的5%~20%。色母选自华润仿瓷料、嘉洛斯阻光剂(LACTRA)、荷兰色彩阻光剂或者其他高亮颜色色母。色母的主要作用:一是作为整个瓶坯的底色,其决定了瓶坯以及瓶最终呈现出的颜色,二是起到阻光的作用。由于色母本身不能单独作为成型材料,因此将色母与第一种材料(PET、 PP、PEGT)混合,第一种材料作为色母的载体,两者混合后才能塑化成型,继而进入注塑工艺。色母所占比例根据颜色不同而有所不同,颜色越深,阻光性越强,色母所占比例越低。但是色母所占比例过高或过低均无法达到本发明的效果,若色母所占比例过低,底层对光的折射和反射效果较差,即阻光性不强,无法达到不透光的效果,也无法达到陶瓷釉色的质感效果;若色母所占比例过高,在瓶坯注塑过程中,螺杆容易打滑从而影响塑化储料并产生气泡,导致整个工艺过程能耗大、可控性差,且色母成本高。因此,本发明的色母所占整个第二种材料重量比例的5%~20%,可以很好地避免前述的不良影响,既具有阻光效果,又具有陶瓷质感,且工艺过程可控性好,成本低。
本发明的多层瓶坯采用多层共注的成型方式,由于外层11和底层12的材料不同,因此,在注塑时,外层11和底层13具有不同的注塑源头。
本发明除了对瓶坯各层的材料进行研发配比之外,对瓶坯的各层厚度也进行了研究和设计。如图4所示,在本发明中,外层11的厚度W1大于底层12的厚度W2,即W2<W1。
具体地,外层厚度W1和底层厚度W2两者之间厚度比值范围是1︰1.5~1︰2.3,优选为1︰1.85。外层11的重量占整个瓶坯的总重量的60%~70%,优选为65%;底层12的重量占整个瓶坯的总重量的30%~40%,优选为35%。
上述多层瓶坯10通过吹塑成型工艺形成塑料瓶,该塑料瓶具有不透光的功效和陶瓷质感外观。
如图5所示的光线传播路径。当光线L1照射到瓶的外表面(即外层11的外表面),一部分光线反射回来,形成反射光线L2,另一部分光线进入外层11,发生折射,形成折射光线L3,在折射过程中,该折射光线L3一部分被外层11吸收,另一部分到达外层11和底层12的分界面,发生反射和折射,形成反射光线L4和折射光线L5,反射光线L4再次回到空气中,从而增强了光线的反射效果、拓宽了光线的可视角度。折射光线L5进入底层12,在折射过程中,折射光线L5的一部分被底层12吸收,另一部分再次发生折射,形成折射光线L6,经过3次折射后的折射光线L6非常微弱,所以使得瓶的透光率非常小,阻光性较强。
本发明将外层11设置成较厚,因为外层(透明层)越厚,质感越强,表面折射散光效果越好,折射光经底层12反射后使得光线的可视角度更宽,因而可以获得更佳的折射和反射效果。底层12在保证阻光性的基础上应该尽可能地薄,这样,一方面有利于设备的操作性和工艺的可控性,另一方面能获得较好的经济性。
如图6所示的透光率测试图,横坐标表示照射光线波长,纵坐标表示透光率,测试对象为T样品瓶和Z样品瓶,其中,T样品瓶的底层含20%华润仿瓷料色母,Z样品瓶的底层含4%的嘉洛斯阻光剂色母。
根据上述透光率测试结果,本发明的瓶对于人眼最敏感的波长为400~600nm的全光线透过率为10%以下,对于波长为400nm以下全光线透过率为1%以下。根据测试结果可知,采用嘉洛斯阻光剂作为色母的瓶具有更好的阻光性,对于波长为400~600nm的全光线透过率为5%以下。
基于上述瓶坯的多层结构、各层材料、各层厚度的设计,使得本发明的塑料瓶具有表面光亮、反射性强、不透光的特征,从而呈现出陶瓷质感的外观,且不透光的特征能有效避免装在瓶内的产品质量不受光线影响。
本发明的多层瓶坯适用于各种不同形状的瓶坯和塑料瓶,并不限于上述图3所示的首选实施方案中的瓶坯形状。如图7所示,其显示了本发明的多层瓶坯呈现出的另一种形状,在该实施方案中,多层瓶坯20大致为圆柱形,瓶坯的壁2具有与上述首选实施方案同样的两层结构,即外层21和底层22。
实施例2
如图8和图9所示的第二种实施方式,在该实施方式中,多层瓶坯10-1的壁1-1为三层结构,包括外层11-1、底层12-1、内层13-1。
外层11-1和内层13-1的材料相同,均为第一种材料,该第一种材料形成的外层11-1和内层13-1为透明层。底层12采用第二种材料制成,第二种材料与第一种材料不同,第二种材料形成的底层为不透光层。第一种材料和第二种材料的成分和配比与上述实施例1相同。
多层瓶坯10-1采用多层共注的成型方式,由于外层11-1和内层13-1与底层12-1的材料不同,且外层11-1和内层13-1的材料相同,因此,在注塑时,外层11-1和内层13-1具有公共的注塑源头,底层12-1具有独立的注塑源头。
如图9所示,在该实施方式中,外层11-1的厚度W1大于内层13-1的厚度W3,底层12-1的厚度W2小于内层13-1的厚度W3,也即外层11-1最厚,底层12-1最薄,外层厚度W1、底层厚度W2、内层厚度W3三者之间的关系为W2<W3<W1。
具体地,外层厚度W1、底层厚度W2、内层厚度W3三者之间厚度比值范围是3.5︰1︰1.1~6︰1︰1.2,优选为4.53︰1︰1.13。外层厚度W1占整个瓶壁的总厚度W0的60%~72%,内层厚度W3占整个瓶壁的总厚度W0的15.4%~21.4%,底层厚度W2占整个瓶壁的总厚度W0的12.6%~18.6%。优选地,外层厚度W1占整个瓶壁的总厚度W0的66%,外层11-1的重量占整个瓶坯重量的68%;底层厚度W2占整个瓶壁的总厚度W0的15.6%,底层12-1的重量占整个瓶坯重量的15%;内层厚度W3占整个瓶壁的总厚度W0的18.4%,内层13-1的重量占整个瓶坯重量的18%。
该第二种实施方式中的瓶坯比第一种实施方式中的瓶坯增加了内层13-1,该内层13-1为透明层,这样的设计一方面提升了瓶的阻光性,另一方面提升了瓶内壁的光滑度,使得瓶不仅从外部看具有陶瓷质感,其内部也同样具有陶瓷质感,但是该第二种实施方式的制造成本高于第一种实施方式。
在其他实施方案中,本发明的多层瓶坯还可以是4层结构或者更多层结构,多层结构的最外层为PET材料制成的透明层,底层采用PET材料和色母的混合材料制成,形成不透光层,不透光层的层数越多,对于光的阻挡能力越强,因此,不透光层的层数可以根据实际需求而设定。
上述具体实施方式仅仅对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述,而并非对本发明的保护范围进行限定。在不脱离本发明设计构思和精神范畴的前提下,本领域的普通技术人员根据本发明所提供的文字描述、附图对本发明的技术方案所作出的各种变形、替代和改进,均应属于本发明的保护范畴。本发明的保护范围由权利要求确定。

Claims (12)

1.一种具有陶瓷质感的多层瓶坯,其特征在于,所述多层瓶坯的壁至少为两层结构,从所述多层瓶坯的外到内,包括外层和底层,所述外层采用第一种材料制成,所述底层采用第二种材料制成,所述第二种材料与所述第一种材料不同,由所述第一种材料制成的外层为透明层,由所述第二种材料制成的所述底层形成不透光层,所述第二种材料为所述第一种材料与色母的混合材料,所述色母占所述混合材料的比重为5%~20%。
2.如权利要求1所述的具有陶瓷质感的多层瓶坯,其特征在于,所述色母选自华润仿瓷料、嘉洛斯阻光剂、荷兰色彩阻光剂。
3.如权利要求1所述的具有陶瓷质感的多层瓶坯,其特征在于,所述第一种材料选自PET、PP、PETG。
4.如权利要求1所述的具有陶瓷质感的多层瓶坯,其特征在于,所述外层的厚度大于所述底层。
5.如权利要求4所述的具有陶瓷质感的多层瓶坯,其特征在于,所述底层和外层的厚度比值范围是1︰1.5~1︰2.3。
6.如权利要求4所述的具有陶瓷质感的多层瓶坯,其特征在于,所述外层的重量占瓶坯总重量的60%~70%,所述底层的重量占瓶坯总重量的30%~40%。
7.如权利要求1所述的具有陶瓷质感的多层瓶坯,其特征在于,所述多层瓶坯还包括内层,所述内层位于所述多层瓶坯的最内侧,所述内层采用第一种材料制成,为透明层。
8.如权利要求7所述的具有陶瓷质感的多层瓶坯,其特征在于,所述外层的厚度大于所述内层,所述底层的厚度小于所述内层。
9.如权利要求8所述的具有陶瓷质感的多层瓶坯,其特征在于,所述多层瓶坯采用多层共注的成型方式,所述外层和内层具有公共的注塑源头,所述底层具有独立的注塑源头。
10.一种具有陶瓷质感的瓶,通过对权利要求1~9中任一项所述的多层瓶坯进行吹塑成型。
11.如权利要求10所述的具有陶瓷质感的瓶,其特征在于,所述瓶在波长为400nm以下的全光线透过率为1%以下。
12.如权利要求10所述的具有陶瓷质感的瓶,其特征在于,所述瓶在波长为400~600nm的全光线透过率为10%以下。
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