CN111432778A - 利用磷脂酰丝氨酸/阴离子表面活性剂/氯化钙的脂质卷 - Google Patents

利用磷脂酰丝氨酸/阴离子表面活性剂/氯化钙的脂质卷 Download PDF

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CN111432778A
CN111432778A CN201880077627.3A CN201880077627A CN111432778A CN 111432778 A CN111432778 A CN 111432778A CN 201880077627 A CN201880077627 A CN 201880077627A CN 111432778 A CN111432778 A CN 111432778A
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cochleate
extract
vitamin
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acid
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池洪根
崔海仁
朴宁娥
姜有真
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H&A Pharmachem Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种利用磷脂酰丝氨酸/阴离子表面活性剂/氯化钙的脂质卷,更具体地,涉及一种包含磷脂酰丝氨酸、阴离子表面活性剂、氯化钙、活性成分和水的脂质卷。

Description

利用磷脂酰丝氨酸/阴离子表面活性剂/氯化钙的脂质卷
技术领域
本发明涉及一种利用磷脂酰丝氨酸/阴离子表面活性剂/氯化钙的脂质卷,更具体地,涉及一种包含磷脂酰丝氨酸、阴离子表面活性剂、氯化钙、活性成分和水的脂质卷。
背景技术
为了稳定活性(有效)物质并增加透皮效率,正在努力并积极地研究将透皮递送系统(transdermal delivery system,TDS)用于功能性化妆品。这种透皮递送系统主要是以表面活性剂、脂质、高分子等材料制成含有活性(有效)物质的囊泡并利用,由于其中的脂质是生物膜的组成成分而具有优点,因此被广泛用作化妆品材料。
作为这种利用脂质的递送系统之一而受到关注的就是脂质卷(cochleates)技术。脂质卷技术的开发是为了疏水性药物的治疗学上的口服给药,带负电荷的磷脂双层和聚阳离子型金属离子形成螺旋形结构。在脂质卷的开发早期,与脂质体不同,所述脂质卷具有不含水的内部结构,但近年来还开发了含水的结构。
脂质卷技术于1970年代中期开发,并用于药物的递送。由于脂质卷具有以口服使用的可能性和提高的稳定性,因此在药物递送方面受到广泛关注。脂质卷是通过由磷脂组成的脂质体的双层与阳离子的离子相互作用形成,为了最小化它们之间的相互作用,形成如螺旋形圆筒的细长的形状(图1)。脂质卷在冷冻干燥中是稳定的,并且将药物或肽等稳定地包封在磷脂双层内,因此可以保护它们免受外部环境(例如,渗透现象、pH、酶、温度条件等)的影响。由于脂质卷具有螺旋形棒状和坚硬的结构的独特的特性,期待其在美容成分等中也可以起到非常优异的递送系统的作用。
发明内容
要解决的技术问题
因此,本发明要解决的技术问题是作为可将活性成分以稳定的状态有效递送的新型递送系统,提供一种利用磷脂酰丝氨酸/阴离子表面活性剂/氯化钙的脂质卷。
技术方案
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种脂质卷(cochleates),所述脂质卷包含0.1-20重量%的磷脂酰丝氨酸、0.001-5重量%的阴离子表面活性剂、0.0001-2重量%的氯化钙、0.0005-50重量%的活性成分和30-96重量%的水。
以下,对本发明进行详细的说明。
根据本发明,提供一种脂质卷,所述脂质卷包含0.1-20重量%的磷脂酰丝氨酸、0.001-5重量%的阴离子表面活性剂、0.0001-2重量%的氯化钙、0.0005-50重量%的活性成分和30-96重量%的水。
本发明的脂质卷包含0.1-20重量%的磷脂酰丝氨酸(phosphatidylserine),优选包含0.5-18重量%的磷脂酰丝氨酸,更优选包含1-15重量%的磷脂酰丝氨酸。
磷脂酰丝氨酸是作为细胞膜的组成成分的磷脂(phospholipid),其中,两个脂肪酸通过酯键连接至甘油的第一个碳原子和第二个碳原子,丝氨酸通过磷酸二酯键连接至甘油的第三个碳原子。磷脂酰丝氨酸可以通过多种方法提取,但优选可以由从大豆提取的卵磷脂制备。在本发明的脂质卷中,磷脂酰丝氨酸形成磷脂双层。在本发明中,当磷脂酰丝氨酸的含量小于0.1重量%或超过20重量%时,脂质卷的形成存在问题。
本发明的脂质卷包含0.001-5重量%的阴离子表面活性剂,优选包含0.01-3重量%的阴离子表面活性剂,更优选包含0.1-2重量%的阴离子表面活性剂。
在本发明中,阴离子表面活性剂优选选自硬脂酰谷氨酸钠(sodium stearoylglutamate)、硬脂酰谷氨酸二钠(disodium stearoyl glutamate)、月桂酰谷氨酸钠(sodium lauroyl glutamate)、月桂基葡萄糖羧酸钠(sodium lauryl glucosecarboxylate)和甲基椰油酰基牛磺酸钠(sodium methyl cocoyl taurate),最优选为硬脂酰谷氨酸钠。在本发明中,作为形成脂质卷的预先步骤,阴离子表面活性剂有助于形成由磷脂酰丝氨酸的双层形成的脂质体,从而可以形成稳定的脂质卷。在本发明中,当阴离子表面活性剂的含量小于0.001重量%或超过5重量%时,脂质卷的形成存在问题。
本发明的脂质卷包含0.0001-2重量%的氯化钙,优选包含0.0005-1.8重量%的氯化钙,更优选包含0.001-1.5重量%的氯化钙。
在本发明中,氯化钙的钙离子通过与磷脂酰丝氨酸的双层的离子相互作用形成脂质卷,并且起到磷脂酰丝氨酸的双层之间的桥连作用。在本发明中,当氯化钙的含量小于0.0001重量%或超过2重量%时,脂质卷的形成存在问题。
本发明的脂质卷包含0.0005-50重量%的活性成分,优选包含0.001-45重量%的活性成分,更优选包含0.002-40重量%的活性成分。当活性成分的含量小于0.0005重量%时,不能正常地发挥活性成分带来的功效,当活性成分的含量超过50重量%时,脂质卷的形成存在问题。
在本发明中,对活性成分不作特别限制。在本发明中,活性成分可以是例如选自保湿剂、美白剂、皱纹改善剂、紫外线阻断剂、毛发生长促进剂、维生素或其衍生物、氨基酸或肽、抗炎剂、痤疮治疗剂、杀菌剂、女性激素、角质松解剂和天然产物中的一种以上,但并不限定于此。除此之外,活性成分还可以使用油、蜡、油脂(butter)、石蜡、诸如硬脂酸等的高级脂肪酸、诸如鲸蜡醇乙基己酸酯等的酯、诸如硅酮等的美容成分。
保湿剂的实例包括肌酸、聚谷氨酸、乳酸钠、羟脯氨酸、2-吡咯烷酮-5-羧酸钠、透明质酸、透明质酸钠、神经酰胺、植物甾醇、胆固醇、谷甾醇、普鲁兰多糖、蛋白多糖等,但并不限定于此。美白剂的实例包括熊果苷和熊果苷衍生物、曲酸、红没药醇、烟酰胺、维生素C和维生素C衍生物、胎盘、尿囊素等,但并不限定于此。皱纹改善剂的实例包括视黄醇、视黄醇衍生物、腺苷、甘草提取物、红参提取物、人参提取物等,但并不限定于此。紫外线阻断剂的实例包括二苯甲酮衍生物、对氨基苯甲酸衍生物、甲氧基肉桂酸衍生物(例如,甲氧基肉桂酸辛酯)、水杨酸衍生物等,但并不限定于此。对毛发生长促进剂不作特别限制,但优选为血液循环促进剂和/或毛囊刺激剂,血液循环促进剂的实例包括日本当药提取物、千金藤素、维生素E及其衍生物、γ-谷维素等,但并不限定于此,毛囊刺激剂的实例包括辣椒酊、姜酊、斑蝥酊、烟酸苄酯等,但并不限定于此。维生素或其衍生物例的实例包括维生素A(视黄醇)及其衍生物、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素E及其衍生物、维生素D、维生素H、维生素K、泛酸及其衍生物、生物素、泛醇、辅酶Q10,艾地苯醌等,但并不限定于此。氨基酸或肽的实例包括胱氨酸、半胱氨酸、蛋氨酸、丝氨酸、赖氨酸、色氨酸、氨基酸提取物、表皮细胞生长因子(EGF)、胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)、成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF)、三肽-1铜、三肽-29、三肽-1、乙酰基六肽-8、烟酰三肽-35、六肽-12、六肽-9、棕榈酰五肽-3、棕榈酰五肽-4、棕榈酰四肽-7、棕榈酰三肽-29、棕榈酰三肽-1、九肽-7、三肽-10瓜氨酸(citrulline)、sh-多肽-15、棕榈酰三肽-5、二氨基丙酰基三肽-33、r-蜘蛛(spider)多肽-1、二肽-8等,但并不限定于此。抗炎剂的实例包括β-甘草次酸、甘草次酸衍生物、氨基己酸、氢化可的松、β-葡聚糖、甘草等,但并不限定于此。痤疮治疗剂的实例包括雌二醇、雌激素、乙炔雌二醇、三氯生、壬二酸等,但并不限定于此。杀菌剂的实例包括苯扎氯铵、苄索氯铵(benzethoniumchloride)、卤卡班等,但并不限定于此。对女性激素不作特别限制,但优选为雌激素,雌激素优选为雌二醇、乙炔雌二醇、作为植物雌激素的异黄酮等。角质松解剂的实例包括硫、水杨酸、AHA、BHA、间苯二酚等,但并不限定于此。天然物的提取物或由它们获得的成分的实例包括日本金缕梅、野芝麻、白花蛇舌草、掌叶大黄、甘草、芦荟、甘菊、玫瑰果、马栗树、人参、丝瓜、黄瓜、紫菜、裙带菜、薯蓣、蜗牛、零余子等的提取物或扁柏酚、β-胡萝卜素等,但并不限定于此。除此之外,还有酵母提取物、胶原蛋白、弹性蛋白、DHA、EPA、香料成分等。
本发明的脂质卷包含30-96重量%的水,优选包含40-95重量%的水,更优选包含50-94重量%的水。
根据需要,本发明的脂质卷可以进一步包含添加剂,例如抗氧化剂。
有益效果
本发明的脂质卷通过在坚硬的结构内将活性成分以非常稳定的形式有效地递送而提高生物利用度,因此以少量的活性成分也可以显示出优异的功效。
附图说明
图1是利用电子显微镜拍摄的脂质卷的照片。
图2是示出脂质卷的结构的示意图。
图3是使用Photal ELS-Z测量脂质卷的粒径尺寸的结果。
图4是使用冷冻电子显微镜拍摄的脂质卷的颗粒的照片。
图5是为了测量脂质卷的稳定性而利用Photal ELS-Z测量Zeta电位的结果。
图6是利用Turbiscan测量脂质卷的稳定性的结果。
具体实施方式
以下,通过实施例对本发明进行更具体的说明。但是,以下实施例仅仅是有助于理解本发明的示例,本发明的范围并不限定于此。
实施例1-18:含有多种活性成分的脂质卷的制备
根据下表1-18的组成使用各成分,并使其在1000巴(bar)下连续通过高压微流化器5次,形成脂质卷。
实施例1:含有植物天然产物的脂质卷的制备
[表1]
Figure BDA0002516297320000051
Figure BDA0002516297320000061
实施例2:含有海洋天然产物的脂质卷的制备
[表2]
Figure BDA0002516297320000062
实施例3:含有油的脂质卷的制备
[表3]
Figure BDA0002516297320000063
实施例4:含有蜡的脂质卷的制备
[表4]
Figure BDA0002516297320000064
Figure BDA0002516297320000071
实施例5:含有油脂的脂质卷的制备
[表5]
Figure BDA0002516297320000072
实施例6:含有石蜡的脂质卷的制备
[表6]
Figure BDA0002516297320000073
实施例7:含有高级脂肪酸的脂质卷的制备[表7]
Figure BDA0002516297320000074
实施例8:含有酯的脂质卷的制备
[表8]
Figure BDA0002516297320000075
Figure BDA0002516297320000081
实施例9:含有硅酮的脂质卷的制备
[表9]
Figure BDA0002516297320000082
实施例10:含有保湿剂的脂质卷的制备
[表10]
Figure BDA0002516297320000083
实施例11:含有美白剂的脂质卷的制备
[表11]
Figure BDA0002516297320000084
实施例12:含有紫外线阻断剂的脂质卷的制备
[表12]
Figure BDA0002516297320000085
Figure BDA0002516297320000091
实施例13:含有维生素的脂质卷的制备
[表13]
Figure BDA0002516297320000092
实施例14:含有氨基酸和肽的脂质卷的制备
[表14]
Figure BDA0002516297320000093
实施例15:含有肽的脂质卷的制备
[表15]
Figure BDA0002516297320000094
实施例16:含有抗炎剂的脂质卷的制备
[表16]
Figure BDA0002516297320000101
实施例17:含有痤疮治疗剂的脂质卷的制备
[表17]
Figure BDA0002516297320000102
实施例18:含有杀菌剂的脂质卷的制备
[表18]
Figure BDA0002516297320000103
比较例:含有视黄醇的普通脂质体的制备
根据下表19的组成,将成分加入容器中,并使其在1000巴(bar)下连续通过高压微流化器5次,然后冷却并脱气,获得脂质体。
[表19]
Figure BDA0002516297320000104
Figure BDA0002516297320000111
实验例1:颗粒分布的测量
使用Photal ELS-Z测量实施例2中制备的脂质卷的颗粒分布,结果示于图3中。根据测量结果,可以知道脂质卷的平均颗粒尺寸为359.3nm。
实验例2:冷冻电子显微镜拍摄
对实施例2中制备的脂质卷进行了拍摄。由于颗粒尺寸非常微小,无法利用普通的光学显微镜进行测量,因此利用冷冻电子显微镜(JEM 1010,JEOL公司,日本)进行了拍摄(图4)。根据图4可以知道,脂质卷形成得很好。
实验例3:脂质卷的稳定性的测量
为了测量实施例2中制备的脂质卷的稳定性,利用Photal ELS-Z测量了Zeta电位,根据测量结果可以知道,颗粒的电位为-75.36mV,脂质卷是稳定的(图5)。
实验例4:脂质卷的稳定性的测量
为了测量实施例2中制备的脂质卷的稳定性,使用Turbiscan进行了测量,根据测量结果可以知道,脂质卷是稳定的(图6)。
实验例5:脂质卷的促进透皮吸收的效果的实验
将人造皮肤Neoderm(Tego Science公司)安装到弗兰兹型扩散池(Franz-typediffusion cell)(Lab fine instruments公司,韩国)并进行实验。在弗兰兹型扩散池的接收(receptor)池(5mL)中加入50mM的磷酸盐缓冲液(pH为7.4,0.1M的NaCl),然后在32℃下,将扩散池(diffusion cell)以600rpm进行混合并分散,并将实施例13的含视黄醇的脂质卷和比较例的50μl的普通脂质体加入供给(donor)池中。按照预定的时间进行吸收和扩散,并且使发生吸收和扩散的皮肤为0.64cm2。有效成分的吸收和扩散结束后,利用干燥的低尘擦拭纸(kimwipes)或10ml的乙醇洗掉未被吸收并残留在皮肤上的残留物,并使用尖端型均质机(homogenizer),将吸收并扩散有有效成分的皮肤进行磨碎,然后使用4ml的二氯甲烷提取被吸收到皮肤内部的视黄醇。之后,利用0.45μm的尼龙膜(nylon membrane)滤膜对提取液进行过滤,并通过高效液相色谱(HPLC)法在以下条件下测量含量,然后将结果示于表20中。
[表20]
Figure BDA0002516297320000121

Claims (22)

1.一种脂质卷,包含0.1-20重量%的磷脂酰丝氨酸、0.001-5重量%的阴离子表面活性剂、0.0001-2重量%的氯化钙、0.0005-50重量%的活性成分和30-96重量%的水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述脂质卷包含0.5-18重量%的磷脂酰丝氨酸、0.01-3重量%的阴离子表面活性剂、0.0005-1.8重量%的氯化钙、0.001-45重量%的活性成分和40-95重量%的水。
3.根据权利要求2所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述脂质卷包含1-15重量%的磷脂酰丝氨酸、0.1-2重量%的阴离子表面活性剂、0.001-1.5重量%的氯化钙、0.002-40重量%的活性成分和50-94重量%的水。
4.根据权利要求1所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述阴离子表面活性剂选自硬脂酰谷氨酸钠、硬脂酰谷氨酸二钠、月桂酰谷氨酸钠、月桂基葡萄糖羧酸钠和甲基椰油酰基牛磺酸钠。
5.根据权利要求4所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述阴离子表面活性剂是硬脂酰谷氨酸钠。
6.根据权利要求1所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述活性成分是选自保湿剂、美白剂、皱纹改善剂、紫外线阻断剂、毛发生长促进剂、维生素或其衍生物、氨基酸或肽、抗炎剂、痤疮治疗剂、杀菌剂、女性激素、角质松解剂和天然产物中的一种以上。
7.根据权利要求6所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述保湿剂是选自肌酸、聚谷氨酸、乳酸钠、羟脯氨酸、2-吡咯烷酮-5-羧酸钠、透明质酸、透明质酸钠、神经酰胺、植物甾醇、胆固醇、谷甾醇、普鲁兰多糖和蛋白多糖中的一种以上。
8.根据权利要求6所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述美白剂是选自熊果苷和熊果苷衍生物、曲酸、红没药醇、烟酰胺、维生素C和维生素C衍生物、胎盘和尿囊素中的一种以上。
9.根据权利要求6所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述皱纹改善剂是选自视黄醇、视黄醇衍生物、腺苷、甘草提取物、红参提取物和人参提取物中的一种以上。
10.根据权利要求6所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述紫外线阻断剂是选自二苯甲酮衍生物、对氨基苯甲酸衍生物、甲氧基肉桂酸衍生物和水杨酸衍生物中的一种以上。
11.根据权利要求6所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述毛发生长促进剂是血液循环促进剂或毛囊刺激剂。
12.根据权利要求11所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述血液循环促进剂是选自日本当药提取物、千金藤素、维生素E及其衍生物和γ-谷维素中的一种以上。
13.根据权利要求11所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述毛囊刺激剂是选自辣椒酊、姜酊、斑蝥酊和烟酸苄酯中的一种以上。
14.根据权利要求6所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述维生素或其衍生物是选自维生素A及其衍生物、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素E及其衍生物、维生素D、维生素H、维生素K、泛酸及其衍生物、生物素、泛醇、辅酶Q10和艾地苯醌中的一种以上。
15.根据权利要求6所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述氨基酸或肽是选自胱氨酸、半胱氨酸、蛋氨酸、丝氨酸、赖氨酸、色氨酸、氨基酸提取物、表皮细胞生长因子(EGF)、胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)、成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF)、三肽-1铜、三肽-29、三肽-1、乙酰基六肽-8、烟酰三肽-35、六肽-12、六肽-9、棕榈酰五肽-3、棕榈酰五肽-4、棕榈酰四肽-7、棕榈酰三肽-29、棕榈酰三肽-1、九肽-7、三肽-10瓜氨酸、sh-多肽-15、棕榈酰三肽-5、二氨基丙酰基三肽-33、r-蜘蛛多肽-1和二肽-8中的一种以上。
16.根据权利要求6所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述抗炎剂是选自β-甘草次酸、甘草次酸衍生物、氨基己酸、氢化可的松、β-葡聚糖和甘草中的一种以上。
17.根据权利要求6所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述痤疮治疗剂是选自雌二醇、雌激素、乙炔雌二醇、三氯生和壬二酸中的一种以上。
18.根据权利要求6所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述杀菌剂是选自苯扎氯铵、苄索氯铵和卤卡班中的一种以上。
19.根据权利要求6所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述女性激素是选自雌二醇、乙炔雌二醇和异黄酮中的一种以上。
20.根据权利要求6所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述角质松解剂是选自硫、水杨酸、AHA、BHA和间苯二酚中的一种以上。
21.根据权利要求6所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述天然产物是选自银杏叶提取物、日本金缕梅提取物、野芝麻提取物、白花蛇舌草提取物、掌叶大黄提取物、甘草提取物、芦荟提取物、甘菊提取物、玫瑰果提取物、马栗树提取物、人参提取物、丝瓜提取物、黄瓜提取物、紫菜提取物、裙带菜提取物、海带提取物、薯蓣提取物、蜗牛提取物、零余子提取物、扁柏酚和β-胡萝卜素中的一种以上。
22.根据权利要求1所述的脂质卷,其特征在于,所述纳米乳进一步包含抗氧化剂。
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