CN111406866A - Solid beverage capable of reducing blood sugar and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Solid beverage capable of reducing blood sugar and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111406866A CN111406866A CN202010295340.7A CN202010295340A CN111406866A CN 111406866 A CN111406866 A CN 111406866A CN 202010295340 A CN202010295340 A CN 202010295340A CN 111406866 A CN111406866 A CN 111406866A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/385—Concentrates of non-alcoholic beverages
- A23L2/39—Dry compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of functional beverages, and discloses a solid beverage for reducing blood sugar and a preparation method thereof. The solid beverage for reducing blood sugar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract and 5-20 parts of vine tea extract. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract; preparing vine tea extract; mixing the materials; and (5) granulating the materials. The solid beverage for reducing blood sugar can reduce fasting blood sugar and postprandial blood sugar level of hyperglycemia and diabetes patients more greatly, and can prolong the action duration of reducing postprandial blood sugar; in the preparation method, the ampelopsis grossedentata is extracted by using ethanol, so that the extraction effect of an active ingredient dihydromyricetin can be improved, the separation of viscous plant polysaccharide substances is prevented, and the subsequent filtration treatment and the purification of the dihydromyricetin are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of functional beverages, and particularly relates to a solid beverage for reducing blood sugar and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, China is facing a huge burden caused by diabetes, the current situation of diabetes in China is very severe, and national survey data in 2010 shows that the prevalence rate of adult diabetes reaches 11.6%, and 50.1% of adult diabetes is in the early stage of diabetes. China has become the fastest growing region of diabetes worldwide and is the first major country of diabetes in the world.
Cyclocarya paliurus (Cyclocarya paliurus), also called Cyclocarya paliurus (Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan), Cyclocarya paliurus (Jiangxi, Zhejiang), sweet tea trees (Guizhou), anisodus fragrans, Himalayan tree (Anhui), a string of money (Hubei) and the like, are unique single species of plants in Juglandaceae and Cyclocarya, are unique to China and belong to endangered tree species, and are integrated with materials, greening, health care and medicinal functions.
Ampelopsis grossedentata (Ampelopsis grossedentata) is prepared from tender stem and leaf of Ampelopsis grossedentata (Ampelopsis grossedentata) belonging to Vitaceae, and is distributed in Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan, Guizhou, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, etc. According to records in the Chinese herbal medicine compilation, the Guangxi herbal plant Ministry and the Guangdong herbal plant Manual, the medicine has sweet and light taste, cool property and efficacy of clearing heat and removing toxicity. Modern pharmacological research finds that the effective components of the vine tea are mainly flavonoid substances and have various pharmacological effects of resisting bacteria, resisting oxidation, protecting liver, reducing blood fat, reducing blood sugar and the like. The Vitus acutus L.leaves are approved as a new food raw material by the national health family planning committee in 2013.
However, when the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract or the ampelopsis grossedentata extract is used alone, the blood sugar reducing function is not ideal. For example, chinese patent publication No. CN109258879A discloses a cyclocarya paliurus classified tea composite health beverage and a preparation method thereof, wherein the cyclocarya paliurus classified tea composite health beverage comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of cyclocarya paliurus leaves, 3-20 parts of plant additives, 15-40 parts of sweetening agents, 5-10 parts of stabilizing agents and 60-100 parts of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing raw materials of each component according to a ratio, and adding cyclocarya paliurus leaves and plant additives into an extraction tank for extraction; (2) adding a sweetening agent, a stabilizing agent and water into the extract liquor obtained in the step (1), and uniformly stirring. Chinese patent publication No. CN102273697B discloses a vine tea compound beverage and a preparation method thereof, the vine tea compound beverage comprises the following components: the fruit and vegetable juice beverage comprises, by weight, 50-60% of vine tea juice, 5-15% of fruit and vegetable juice, 6-8% of sweetening agent, 0.04-0.1% of citric acid, 0.07-0.1% of salt, 0.02-0.06% of sodium alginate and the balance of water. The two patents respectively use cyclocarya paliurus extract and vine tea extract as single blood sugar-reducing substances, and the blood sugar-reducing function is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a solid beverage for reducing blood sugar and a preparation method thereof. The solid beverage for reducing blood sugar can reduce fasting blood sugar and postprandial blood sugar level of hyperglycemia and diabetes patients more greatly, and can prolong the action duration of reducing postprandial blood sugar; in the preparation method, the ampelopsis grossedentata is extracted by using ethanol, so that the extraction efficiency of an active ingredient dihydromyricetin can be improved, the separation of viscous plant polysaccharide substances is prevented, and the subsequent filtration treatment and the purification of the dihydromyricetin are facilitated.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the solid beverage for reducing blood sugar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract and 5-20 parts of vine tea extract.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a composition for treating diabetes mellitus, which comprises the following steps of preparing a folium cyclocarya paliurus extract, extracting a plant leaf, a plant leaf and a plant leaf, wherein the folium cyclocarya paliurus extract mainly comprises polysaccharide serving as a main active ingredient, and the cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide plays a role in regulating blood sugar mainly by protecting and repairing pancreatic islet β cells and promoting restoration of a pathological pancreatic islet structure function and is beneficial to reduction of fasting blood sugar.
Meanwhile, a large number of animal experiments prove that after the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract and the vine tea extract are compounded, the synergistic hypoglycemic composition is obtained, the fasting blood glucose reducing effect and the postprandial blood glucose reducing effect of the synergistic composition are remarkably superior to the blood glucose reducing effect when the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract and the vine tea extract are used independently, and the acting duration of the vine tea extract for reducing postprandial blood glucose is prolonged after the synergistic composition is compounded with the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract.
In conclusion, after the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract and the ampelopsis grossedentata extract are compounded, the function of repairing islet β cells in the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract and the function of improving insulin resistance in the ampelopsis grossedentata extract form a mutual complementary and mutual promotion relationship, and the problems that the action of a single raw material of the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract and the action of a single raw material of the ampelopsis grossedentata extract in the prior art are limited and the blood glucose reduction effect is not.
Preferably, the solid beverage for reducing blood sugar further comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-65 parts of resistant dextrin, 30-70 parts of oat flour and 10-20 parts of psyllium husk.
The resistant dextrin belongs to soluble dietary fiber, and soluble dietary fiber is also rich in psyllium husk and oat flour. The soluble dietary fiber is interwoven with carbohydrate in the gastrointestinal tract, and can delay the absorption of the carbohydrate; in addition, the soluble dietary fiber can also influence a plurality of genes related to carbohydrate metabolism and lipid metabolism so as to regulate the blood sugar; in addition, the soluble dietary fiber can absorb water and swell, thereby generating satiety, reducing the intake of carbohydrate and being suitable for the diet control of patients with hyperglycemia and diabetes. Through the way, the abundant soluble dietary fibers contained in the invention can effectively reduce the postprandial blood sugar.
Meanwhile, the psyllium husk and oat flour are rich in insoluble dietary fibers, so that the enteric canal peristalsis can be promoted, the speed of food passing through the digestive tract is accelerated, and the absorption of carbohydrate is reduced, thereby having the effect of reducing postprandial blood sugar.
The resistant dextrin, the psyllium seed husk and the oat powder are matched with the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract in the formula, and the postprandial blood sugar level is reduced through the resistant dextrin, the psyllium seed husk and the oat powder, so that the pressure of insulin secretion of islet β cells can be relieved, the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract can better repair islet β cells, and the fasting blood sugar level is further reduced.
In addition, the oat flour also has the function of flavoring, can improve the palatability of the product and increase the compliance of hyperglycemia and diabetes patients to the product.
Preferably, the solid beverage for reducing blood sugar further comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of xylitol.
Xylitol, as a commonly used sugar substitute, is not metabolized into glucose in vivo, so that the xylitol can not cause the increase of blood sugar, can provide sweet taste and has the function of taste correction.
Preferably, the solid beverage for reducing blood sugar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16-24 parts of cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract, 10-20 parts of vine tea extract, 60-65 parts of resistant dextrin, 48-66 parts of oat powder, 15-20 parts of psyllium husk and 25-30 parts of xylitol.
A preparation method of a solid beverage for reducing blood sugar comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract: extracting cyclocarya paliurus leaves with water for 2-4 times, combining extracting solutions, concentrating under reduced pressure, drying obtained extract under reduced pressure, crushing, and sieving for later use;
(2) preparing the vine tea extract: extracting Ampelopsis grossedentata with alcohol for 2-3 times, mixing the extracting solutions, carrying out vacuum concentration to remove the alcohol, adding water, storing at 4-10 ℃ for 6-10 hours to precipitate, filtering while the solution is cold, collecting the precipitate, drying, crushing, and sieving for later use;
(3) mixing materials: weighing all the materials according to the formula, and then fully mixing;
(4) granulating materials: and (4) performing fluidized bed granulation on the material mixed in the step (3) by taking pure water as a binder.
In the step (2), the ampelopsis grossedentata is extracted by selecting the solvent alcohol, so that the content of a marker component dihydromyricetin in the ampelopsis grossedentata total extract can be increased, the separation of viscous plant polysaccharide substances is prevented, and the subsequent filtration treatment and the purification of the dihydromyricetin are facilitated.
The psyllium husk powder raw material with satiety effect in the formula can rapidly expand when meeting water, so that the product is difficult to disperse when being mixed with hot water, is easy to agglomerate and form lumps, and has poor experience of consumers. By using water as a bonding agent and optimizing granulation conditions, a solid particle product with uniform particles can be obtained, the mixing performance of the product is greatly improved, and the product quality is improved.
Preferably, in the step (1), when the cyclocarya paliurus leaves are extracted by water, the volume of the added water is 20-35 times of that of the cyclocarya paliurus leaves, the extraction temperature is 90-95 ℃, and the extraction time is 2-3 h.
Preferably, in the step (1), the temperature is 80-90 ℃ and the air pressure is-0.6 to-0.8 MPa when the pressure is reduced and concentrated; and/or in the step (1), when the pressure is reduced and dried, the temperature is 70-80 ℃, and the air pressure is-0.7 to-0.9 MPa; and/or in the step (1), the number of the screened meshes is 20-80 meshes during screening.
Preferably, in the step (2), when the ampelopsis grossedentata is extracted by adding alcohol, the concentration of the alcohol is 70-80%, the extraction temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the extraction time is 40-60 min; and/or in the step (2), when the ampelopsis grossedentata is extracted by adding alcohol, extracting for 2 times, wherein the volume of the added alcohol for the first time is 8-12 times that of the ampelopsis grossedentata, and the volume of the added alcohol for the second time is 4-6 times that of the ampelopsis grossedentata; and/or in the step (2), the screening mesh number is 20-80 meshes during screening.
Preferably, in the step (3), the materials are mixed in a three-dimensional mixer for 20-30 min.
Preferably, in the step (4), the air inlet temperature is 55-75 ℃ during fluidized bed granulation, the material temperature is 40-50 ℃ during discharging, the binder is added under the control of a constant flow pump, the speed is 10-30 rpm, the particle size is controlled to be 20-80 meshes, and the mixture is dried in a fluidized bed granulator until the moisture content is lower than 4%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) in the solid beverage for reducing blood sugar, the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract and the vine tea extract complement and promote each other in function, so that the fasting blood sugar and the postprandial blood sugar level of hyperglycemia and diabetes patients can be reduced more greatly, the action duration of reducing the postprandial blood sugar can be prolonged, and the effect is remarkable;
(2) the solid beverage for reducing blood sugar is suitable for being used as medicated food and meal replacement food for patients with hyperglycemia and diabetes, has good satiety, can reduce the intake of total carbohydrate and total energy in daily diet of the patients, is beneficial to long-term control of blood sugar, and has good taste and good application prospect;
(3) in the preparation method of the solid beverage for reducing blood sugar, the vine tea is extracted by alcohol, so that the extraction effect of an active ingredient dihydromyricetin can be improved, the separation of viscous plant polysaccharide substances is prevented, and the subsequent filtration treatment and the purification of the dihydromyricetin are facilitated.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
General examples
The solid beverage for reducing blood sugar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract, 5-20 parts of vine tea extract, 50-65 parts of resistant dextrin, 30-70 parts of oat flour, 10-20 parts of psyllium husk and 20-30 parts of xylitol.
The preparation method of the solid beverage for reducing blood sugar comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract: adding water with the volume of 20-35 times of that of cyclocarya paliurus leaves, extracting for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 90-95 ℃, and filtering; adding 25-35 times of water into the residue, extracting for 2-3 h at 90-95 ℃, and filtering; extracting for 2-4 times repeatedly according to the method, combining extracting solutions, concentrating under reduced pressure at 80-90 ℃ and-0.6-0.8 MPa, drying the obtained extract under reduced pressure at 70-80 ℃ and-0.7-0.9 MPa, crushing, and sieving with a 20-80 mesh sieve for later use;
(2) preparing the vine tea extract: adding 70-80% ethanol into Ampelopsis grossedentata, extracting at 60-80 deg.C for 40-60 min, and filtering; adding 70-80% ethanol into the residue, extracting at 60-80 ℃ for 40-60 min, and filtering; extracting for 2-3 times repeatedly according to the method, mixing the extracting solutions, concentrating in vacuum until ethanol is basically removed, adding water, storing at 4-10 ℃ for 6-10 h to precipitate, filtering while cold, collecting the precipitate, drying, crushing, and sieving with a 20-80 mesh sieve for later use;
preferably, the repeated extraction is carried out for 2 times, the volume of the alcohol added for the first time is 8-12 times that of the ampelopsis grossedentata, and the volume of the alcohol added for the second time is 4-6 times that of the ampelopsis grossedentata;
(3) mixing materials: weighing the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract and the vine tea extract obtained in the steps (1) and (2) and resistant dextrin, oat flour, psyllium husk and xylitol according to a formula, and mixing for 20-30 min in a three-dimensional mixer;
(4) granulating materials: and (3) putting the mixed material obtained in the step (3) into a granulating pot, taking pure water as a binder, carrying out fluidized bed granulation, controlling the air inlet temperature to be 55-75 ℃, the material temperature to be 40-50 ℃ during discharging, adding the binder by adopting a constant flow pump, controlling the speed to be 10-30 rpm, controlling the particle size to be 20-80 meshes, and drying in a fluidized bed granulator until the moisture content is lower than 4%.
Example 1
The solid beverage for reducing blood sugar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16 parts of cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract, 10 parts of vine tea extract, 65 parts of resistant dextrin, 66 parts of oat flour, 16 parts of psyllium husk and 27 parts of xylitol.
The preparation method of the solid beverage for reducing blood sugar comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract: adding 25 times volume of water into cyclocarya paliurus leaves, extracting at 95 deg.C for 2 hr, and filtering; adding 25 times of water into the residue, extracting at 95 deg.C for 2 hr, and filtering; adding 25 times of water into the residue, extracting at 95 deg.C for 2 hr, and filtering; mixing the extractive solutions obtained by the three-time extraction, concentrating under reduced pressure at 85 deg.C and-0.8 MPa, drying the obtained extract under reduced pressure at 75 deg.C and-0.9 MPa, pulverizing, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve;
(2) the Ampelopsis grossedentata extract is prepared by adding 75% ethanol 10 times the volume of Ampelopsis grossedentata, extracting at 80 deg.C for 45min, filtering, adding 75% ethanol 5 times the volume of the residue, extracting at 80 deg.C for 45min, filtering, mixing the extractive solutions, vacuum concentrating, removing ethanol, adding water to 200m L, standing overnight at 4 deg.C, filtering, collecting precipitate, oven drying, pulverizing, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve;
(3) mixing materials: weighing the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract and the vine tea extract obtained in the steps (1) and (2) and resistant dextrin, oat flour, psyllium husk and xylitol according to a formula, and mixing for 30min in a three-dimensional mixer;
(4) granulating materials: putting the mixed material obtained in the step (3) into a granulating pot, taking pure water as a binder, carrying out fluidized bed granulation, wherein the air inlet temperature is 65 ℃, the material temperature during discharging is 45 ℃, the binder is added and controlled by a constant flow pump, the speed is 20rpm, the particle size is controlled to be about 50 meshes, and drying is carried out in a granulator until the moisture content is lower than 4%;
(5) packaging: the obtained pellets were filled into aluminum foil bags, and the weight of the contents of each bag was 20 g.
Example 2
The solid beverage for reducing blood sugar comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract, 15 parts of vine tea extract, 60 parts of resistant dextrin, 50 parts of oat flour, 20 parts of psyllium husk and 30 parts of xylitol.
The preparation method of the solid beverage for reducing blood sugar comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract: adding 25 times volume of water into cyclocarya paliurus leaves, extracting at 95 deg.C for 2 hr, and filtering; adding 25 times of water into the residue, extracting at 95 deg.C for 2 hr, and filtering; adding 25 times of water into the residue, extracting at 95 deg.C for 2 hr, and filtering; mixing the extractive solutions obtained by the three-time extraction, concentrating under reduced pressure at 85 deg.C and-0.8 MPa, drying the obtained extract under reduced pressure at 75 deg.C and-0.9 MPa, pulverizing, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve;
(2) the Ampelopsis grossedentata extract is prepared by adding 75% ethanol with volume 10 times of that of Ampelopsis grossedentata, extracting at 80 deg.C for 45min, filtering, adding 75% ethanol with volume 5 times of that of the residue, extracting at 80 deg.C for 45min, filtering, mixing the extractive solutions obtained by the three extractions, vacuum concentrating, removing ethanol, adding water to 200m L, precipitating at 4 deg.C overnight, filtering, collecting precipitate, oven drying, pulverizing, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve;
(3) mixing materials: weighing the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract and the vine tea extract obtained in the steps (1) and (2) and resistant dextrin, oat flour, psyllium husk and xylitol according to a formula, and mixing for 30min in a three-dimensional mixer;
(4) granulating materials: putting the mixed material obtained in the step (3) into a granulating pot, taking pure water as a binder, carrying out fluidized bed granulation, wherein the air inlet temperature is 65 ℃, the material temperature during discharging is 45 ℃, the binder is added and controlled by a constant flow pump, the speed is 20rpm, the particle size is controlled to be about 50 meshes, and drying is carried out in a granulator until the moisture content is lower than 4%;
(5) packaging: the obtained pellets were filled into aluminum foil bags, and the weight of the contents of each bag was 20 g.
Comparative example 1
Preparing the ampelopsis grossedentata extract by the following method:
adding 10 times of hot water into Ampelopsis Grossdentata, extracting at 95 deg.C for 45min, filtering, adding 15 times of hot water into residue, extracting at 95 deg.C for 45min, filtering, mixing the extractive solutions, vacuum concentrating to 200m L, standing overnight in 4 deg.C refrigerator to precipitate, filtering while cold, collecting precipitate, oven drying, pulverizing, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve.
In example 1, example 2 and comparative example 1, the preparation manner of the ampelopsis grossedentata extract is different. In order to investigate the influence of different extraction modes on the extraction effect of active ingredients (dihydromyricetin) in the ampelopsis grossedentata, in the process of preparing the ampelopsis grossedentata extract, the extraction rate of total solid matters, the extraction rate of dihydromyricetin and the yield of dihydromyricetin of dry powder in the extracting solutions of example 1, example 2 and comparative example 1 are detected, the proportion of the dihydromyricetin in the extracting solution to the total solid matters is calculated, and the loss rate of the dihydromyricetin in the process of purifying and crystallizing the extracting solution into the dry powder is calculated, and the result is shown in table 1.
The number of extractions in example 1 was 2, and the number of extractions in example 2 was 3. As can be seen from the results of table 1: compared with example 1, the extraction rate of dihydromyricetin in the extract and the yield of dihydromyricetin in the dry powder obtained in example 2 are not significantly improved. Therefore, in consideration of solvent and energy consumption in the extraction process, the number of extraction is preferably 2, and the production cost can be reduced while the extraction amount of dihydromyricetin is ensured.
Example 1 was extracted with alcohol and comparative example 1 was extracted with hot water, and the extraction temperature was increased. As can be seen from the results of table 1: compared with example 1, although the extraction temperature is increased in comparative example 1, the extraction rate of dihydromyricetin in the obtained extracting solution is still far lower than that in example 1; in addition, in the process of purifying and crystallizing the extracting solution into dry powder, the loss rate of the dihydromyricetin in the comparative example 1 is obviously higher than that in the example 1, and the yield of the dihydromyricetin in the final dry powder is far lower than that in the example 1. Furthermore, from the appearance, the extract liquid obtained in comparative example 1 contains a large amount of viscous substances, presumably water-soluble polysaccharide components, and the presence of these viscous substances is not favorable for the subsequent filtration and purification, which may be the reason why the loss of dihydromyricetin during the purification and crystallization of the extract liquid into dry powder in comparative example 1 is high and the yield of dihydromyricetin in the dry powder is low.
TABLE 1 extraction results of dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedentata
Experimental example 1: pharmacological test of animals
1 experimental principle the model of disturbance of insulin resistance to glucose/lipid metabolism induced by alloxan: based on the high-heat feed feeding, a small dose of alloxan (C)4H2N2O4·H2O, molecular weight 160.08), causing disorders of sugar/lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, inducing experimental diabetes.
2 method of experiment
2.1 Experimental groups
The experiment has seven groups A-G, wherein the group A is a blank control group, the group B is a model control group, and the groups C-G are tested groups. The dose administered to each group is shown in table 2.
Table 2 experimental groups and dosages administered
2.2 establishment of hyperglycemic model
Groups A-G were each gavaged for 33 consecutive days at the doses indicated in Table 2. The maintenance feed is fed to each group, the high-heat energy feed is replaced for the group B and the group C-G after 1 week, and alloxan 103-105 mg/kg BW is injected into the abdominal cavity after 3 weeks of feeding. And continuously feeding the high-heat-energy feed for 3-5 days after injection.
2.3 determination of hyperglycemia model
Whether the hyperglycemia model is successfully established is judged according to the following method:
fasting the group A and the group B for 3-4 h, and measuring fasting blood glucose, namely the blood glucose value before (0h) glucose administration; then, the same volume of solvent water was added thereto, and after 15 to 20 minutes, 2.5g/kg BW was orally administered with glucose, and the blood glucose levels of the groups were measured at 0.5 hour and 2 hours after the administration of glucose.
The judgment index is that if the blood sugar value of the group B (model control group) at 0.5h is more than or equal to 10 mmol/L, or the blood sugar of the group B at any time point of 0.5h and 2h is increased or the area under the blood sugar curve is increased, and the difference is significant compared with the group A (blank control group), the model sugar metabolism disorder is judged to be established.
The area under the blood glucose curve is calculated as follows:
2.4 test for lowering blood sugar
The B to G groups were administered by intragastric administration at the doses shown in Table 2, and blood glucose was tested after 30 consecutive days.
And (3) blood sugar test: fasting the rats of each group for 3-4 h, and measuring the fasting blood glucose, namely the blood glucose value before (0h) glucose administration; the B to G groups were each administered by intragastric administration at the dose shown in Table 2, and after 15 to 20min, each group was orally administered glucose 2.5G/kg BW, and the blood glucose levels of each group after glucose administration were measured for 0.5h and 2 h.
Judging the index: on the premise of successfully establishing a hyperglycemia model, comparing the groups C-G with the group B (a model control group), and if the fasting blood glucose is reduced to have statistical significance, judging that the fasting blood glucose index result of the group is positive; and if the blood sugar drop at any time point of 0.5h and 2h after the glucose administration has statistical significance, or the area reduction under the blood sugar curve of 0h, 0.5h and 2h has statistical significance, judging that the group of glucose tolerance indexes has positive results.
3 results of the experiment
3.1 determination of hyperglycemia model
Table 3 comparison of blood glucose levels of model group and blank group (χ ± s, n ═ 8, mmol/L)
| Group name | Group of | Fasting blood glucose level | Blood sugar level of 0.5h | 2h blood sugar value | Area under the blood glucose curve |
| Group A | Blank control group | 6.16±0.37 | 9.35±1.48 | 7.08±0.84 | 16.2±1.65 |
| Group B | Model control group | 14.61±2.41** | 25.18±3.74** | 20.46±3.00** | 44.18±5.00** |
Note: comparing model control group with blank control group, p <0.05, p <0.01
According to the table 3, the blood sugar value of the group B for 0.5h is more than or equal to 10 mmol/L, the blood sugar of the group B for 0.5h is obviously increased compared with the group A, the blood sugar of the group B for 2h is obviously increased compared with the group A, the area under the blood sugar curve of the group B is obviously increased compared with the group A, and the result is integrated to judge that the hyperglycemic model is successfully established.
3.2 test for lowering blood sugar
Table 4 comparison of blood glucose levels of test group and model group (χ ± s, n ═ 8, mmol/L)
Note: test group and model group were compared, p <0.05, p <0.01
On the premise that the model is established, as seen from table 4: the fasting blood glucose of the group C, the group E and the group G has statistical significance, and the result of fasting blood glucose index is judged to be positive; after the group D, the group F and the group G are given glucose for 0.5h, the blood glucose decrease and the area decrease under the blood glucose curve have statistical significance, and the result of the glucose tolerance index is judged to be positive; the F group and the G group have statistical significance on the blood glucose decrease after 2 hours of glucose administration, and the result of the glucose tolerance index is judged to be positive. Only the four indexes of fasting blood glucose, blood glucose at 0.5h, blood glucose at 2h and area under the blood glucose curve in the group G, namely the dose group in the embodiment 1, have statistical significance, and both the fasting blood glucose index and the glucose tolerance index are positive, which shows that the combination can simultaneously reduce the fasting blood glucose and the postprandial blood glucose, and the blood glucose reducing effect of the combination is optimal.
The results of the experiments in groups C and D were compared to those in group G. Group C was given only the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract, group G was given the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract and the ampelopsis grossedentata extract at a weight ratio of 8:5, the total amount of both was the same as that of group C, as seen from table 4: the change of the blood sugar of the C group after 0.5h, the blood sugar of the C group after 2h and the area under the blood sugar curve has no statistical significance, and the significance of the decrease of the fasting blood sugar is lower than that of the G group, which shows that the vine tea extract can endow the composition with the function of reducing the postprandial blood sugar, and the effect of the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract on the decrease of the fasting blood sugar is also improved after the vine tea extract is compounded. Group D was given ampelopsis grossedentata extract alone, as seen from table 4: the change of fasting blood sugar and 2h blood sugar of the group D has no significance, and the significance of the reduction of the area under the curve of 0.5h blood sugar and blood sugar is lower than that of the group G, which shows that the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract can endow the composition with the function of reducing the fasting blood sugar, and after the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract is compounded, the effect of reducing the postprandial blood sugar of the vine tea extract is improved, and the duration of the function is also improved.
The experimental results of group E, group F were compared to group G. Group E administered cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract and Ampelopsis grossedentata extract at a weight ratio of 8:1, which is higher than the range of the present invention (0.75-5: 1), and the total amount of both was the same as group G, as seen from Table 4: the E group has no statistical significance on the changes of the blood sugar of 0.5h, the blood sugar of 2h and the area under the blood sugar curve, which shows that under normal eating amount, the increase of the weight ratio of the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract to the vine tea extract can influence the effect of the composition on reducing the postprandial blood sugar, and when the weight ratio is higher than the range of the invention, the composition can even lose the effect of reducing the postprandial blood sugar. Group F administered cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract and ampelopsis grossedentata extract at a weight ratio of 1:5, below the range of the present invention (0.75-5: 1 parts), as seen from table 4: the change of fasting blood glucose of the group F has no statistical significance, and the significance of blood glucose reduction within 2h is lower than that of the group G, which shows that under normal eating amount, the reduction of the weight ratio of the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract to the vine tea extract not only influences the effect of the composition on reducing the fasting blood glucose, but also influences the duration of the effect of the composition on reducing the postprandial blood glucose, and when the consumption is lower than the range of the invention, the composition even loses the effect of reducing the fasting blood glucose.
In conclusion, the cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract has the function of reducing fasting blood glucose, and the function of reducing postprandial blood glucose is not obvious; the Ampelopsis grossedentata extract has the effect of reducing postprandial blood sugar. When the two are compounded and the relative dosage is controlled within a certain range, the functions of the two form a mutual complementary and mutual promotion relationship.
Experimental example 2: population test
The solid beverage prepared in example 1 was taken, 10 hyperglycemia population groups were selected, and the effect was verified by the following specific method: the subjects consumed a packet of solid beverage daily, infused before a meal (about 1h) or between meals (e.g., morning tea or afternoon tea hours), with a one month test meal. At the start of the test product, fasting and postprandial (2h) blood glucose levels were measured and recorded; at the end of 1 month of the test meal, subjects' fasting blood glucose and postprandial (2h) blood glucose levels were measured and recorded. Compared with the prior and the post-test, the average blood sugar level of the fasting blood sugar or the postprandial blood sugar is reduced by more than or equal to 10 percent, and the test is judged to be effective. The statistical results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 Change in blood glucose levels of Subjects before and after test
As can be seen from the results in table 5, after 1 month of continuous test feeding, 7 of 10 subjects had fasting blood glucose or postprandial blood glucose decreased by more than 10%, which was regarded as effective blood glucose reduction, and the effective rate was 70%. Namely, the solid beverage containing the cyclocarya paliurus leaves and the vine tea components provided by the invention can effectively reduce the blood sugar level of patients with hyperglycemia and diabetes, and has remarkable effect.
The raw materials and equipment used in the invention are common raw materials and equipment in the field if not specified; the methods used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, alterations and equivalents of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The solid beverage for reducing blood sugar is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract and 5-20 parts of vine tea extract.
2. The solid beverage for reducing blood sugar according to claim 1, further comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-65 parts of resistant dextrin, 30-70 parts of oat flour and 10-20 parts of psyllium husk.
3. The solid beverage for reducing blood sugar according to claim 2, further comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of xylitol.
4. The solid beverage for reducing blood sugar according to claim 3, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16-24 parts of cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract, 10-20 parts of vine tea extract, 60-65 parts of resistant dextrin, 48-66 parts of oat powder, 15-20 parts of psyllium husk and 25-30 parts of xylitol.
5. The preparation method of the solid beverage for reducing blood sugar according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a cyclocarya paliurus leaf extract: extracting cyclocarya paliurus leaves with water for 2-4 times, combining extracting solutions, concentrating under reduced pressure, drying obtained extract under reduced pressure, crushing, and sieving for later use;
(2) preparing the vine tea extract: extracting Ampelopsis grossedentata with alcohol for 2-3 times, mixing the extracting solutions, carrying out vacuum concentration to remove the alcohol, adding water, storing at 4-10 ℃ for 6-10 hours to precipitate, filtering while the solution is cold, collecting the precipitate, drying, crushing, and sieving for later use;
(3) mixing materials: weighing all the materials according to the formula, and then fully mixing;
(4) granulating materials: and (4) performing fluidized bed granulation on the material mixed in the step (3) by taking pure water as a binder.
6. The preparation method of the solid beverage for reducing blood sugar according to claim 5, wherein in the step (1), when the cyclocarya paliurus leaves are extracted with water, the volume of the added water is 20-35 times that of the cyclocarya paliurus leaves, the extraction temperature is 90-95 ℃, and the extraction time is 2-3 hours.
7. The method for preparing the solid beverage for reducing blood sugar according to claim 5, wherein the solid beverage comprises:
in the step (1), the temperature is 80-90 ℃ and the air pressure is-0.6 to-0.8 MPa when the mixture is concentrated under reduced pressure; and/or
In the step (1), when the mixture is dried under reduced pressure, the temperature is 70-80 ℃, and the air pressure is-0.7 to-0.9 MPa; and/or
In the step (1), the number of the sieved meshes is 20-80 meshes during sieving.
8. The method for preparing the solid beverage for reducing blood sugar according to claim 5, wherein the solid beverage comprises:
in the step (2), when the ampelopsis grossedentata is extracted by adding alcohol, the concentration of the alcohol is 70-80%, the extraction temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the extraction time is 40-60 min; and/or
In the step (2), when the ampelopsis grossedentata is extracted by adding alcohol, the extraction is carried out for 2 times, the volume of the added alcohol for the first time is 8-12 times that of the ampelopsis grossedentata, and the volume of the added alcohol for the second time is 4-6 times that of the ampelopsis grossedentata; and/or
In the step (2), the number of the sieved meshes is 20-80 meshes during sieving.
9. The preparation method of the solid beverage for reducing blood sugar according to claim 5, wherein in the step (3), the material mixing is performed in a three-dimensional mixer, and the mixing time is 20-30 min.
10. The preparation method of the solid beverage for reducing blood sugar according to claim 5, wherein in the step (4), the air inlet temperature is 55-75 ℃ during fluidized bed granulation, the material temperature is 40-50 ℃ during discharging, the adhesive is added under the control of a constant flow pump, the speed is 10-30 rpm, the particle size is controlled to be 20-80 meshes, and the solid beverage is dried in the fluidized bed granulator until the moisture content is lower than 4%.
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Application publication date: 20200714 |