CN111387182B - Preparation for preventing and treating storage pests and using method thereof - Google Patents
Preparation for preventing and treating storage pests and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111387182B CN111387182B CN202010285824.3A CN202010285824A CN111387182B CN 111387182 B CN111387182 B CN 111387182B CN 202010285824 A CN202010285824 A CN 202010285824A CN 111387182 B CN111387182 B CN 111387182B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing carboxylic groups or thio analogues thereof, directly attached by the carbon atom to a cycloaliphatic ring; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation for preventing and controlling storage pests and a using method thereof, wherein a paddy volatile substance is mixed with sepiolite or medical stone to prepare powder, or the paddy volatile substance is mixed with purified water, deionized water or tap water to prepare liquid medicament, the liquid medicament is uniformly stirred with grain and grain or sprayed on the surface or used as attractant and pesticide of the storage pests, and the liquid medicament can replace some highly toxic fumigants such as phosphine and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of deinsectization preparations and grain preservation, and particularly relates to a preparation for preventing and controlling storage pests and a using method thereof.
Background
Grain is a valuable resource on which human beings live, China is the first big world in the world, rice is the first big food variety in China, the rice planting area and yield in China are the first place in the world, the annual rice planting area is about 2861 ten thousand hectares, 1/5 of the global rice planting area is occupied, annual rice yield is about 1.86 hundred million tons, 1/3 of the total rice yield in the world, and Chinese scientists all walk in the front of the world in the aspects of breeding, biological yield improvement technology research and the like. About 25 hundred million people in the world use rice as staple food, only 8 hundred million people exist in China, the cultivated land area is continuously reduced along with the continuous increase of population, the Chinese population is estimated to reach 16 hundred million people at peak in 2030, and the grain is required to 6400 hundred million KG nationwide according to 400KG per capita, wherein the total amount of the rice is up to 2560 hundred million KG calculated by taking the rice as 40% of the total amount of the grain, and the statistics in recent years shows that the cultivated land area in China is gradually reduced at the speed of 40 ten thousand hm2 per year, so the total amount of the grain is required to meet the requirement, and the improvement of the grain productivity and the enhancement of the safe storage of the grain are key problems.
Although the rice is cleaned before being put in storage, the seeds still have a large amount of microorganisms and sometimes can carry a small amount of bin insects, and rats and bin insects sometimes enter the storage. The seed storage pests are various, and nearly 200 species exist in China, more beetles of Coleoptera are used, and moth (Lepidoptera) is used. The storage pests have great harm to the seeds, not only eat the seeds to lose the vitality of the seeds, but also the storehouse pests generate a great amount of heat to cause the seed heap, accelerate the aging of the rice and destroy the seed storehouse, thus seriously threatening the safety of seed storage. According to statistics, because of the self-aging of the rice and the influence of insects, microorganisms and other environmental factors, the rice lost every year accounts for about 10 percent of the total amount of the stock of the rice, and billions of yuan of economic loss can be caused. And release a large amount of water and heat, so that the seeds are heated, discolored, moldy and toxic, and the quality of the seeds is reduced.
According to the survey of the world food and agriculture organization, the method comprises the following steps: in 50 investigated countries, the rice storage loss is about 6-10% per year, and in some countries even 30% loss, among them insect damage accounts for 40-50%.
In China, chemical control is the most important means for reducing the harm of stored pests to national grain stores. Under the sealed condition, the use of some highly toxic fumigants such as phosphine and the like obtains better insecticidal effect. However, the long-term use of the fumigant can not only cause the increase of the resistance of the storage pests to the insecticide, but also cause serious damage to human bodies and the environment and easily cause secondary pollution of rice.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to make up the defects of the prior art and provides a preparation for controlling storage pests and a using method thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a preparation for preventing and treating storage pests is prepared by mixing volatile substance of paddy with sepiolite or Maifanitum to obtain powder, or mixing volatile substance of paddy with purified water, deionized water or tap water to obtain liquid preparation.
Further, the rice volatile substance is n-butanol (n-butanol)
) Pentanamide (b), (c), (d) and d)
) 2, 5-dimethyl-2-hexanol (b)
) Heptyl cyclohexanecarboxylic acid ester (a)
）。
Further, the preparation method of the powder specifically comprises the following steps of mixing n-butyl alcohol, valeramide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2-hexanol and heptyl cyclohexane carboxylate according to a mass ratio of 1: 1: 1: 1, mixing the raw materials in equal proportion, and mixing the mixture with sepiolite or medical stone to prepare powder.
Preferably, the four rice volatile substances of n-butyl alcohol, valeramide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2-hexanol and heptyl cyclohexane carboxylate in the powder have the content of 2-10% of the total mass of the powder.
Further, the preparation method of the liquid medicament specifically comprises the following steps of mixing n-butyl alcohol, valeramide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2-hexanol and heptyl cyclohexane carboxylate according to a mass ratio of 1: 1: 1: 1, mixing the raw materials in equal proportion, and dissolving the mixture with purified water, deionized water or tap water to prepare a liquid medicament.
Preferably, the content of the four rice volatile substances of n-butyl alcohol, valeramide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2-hexanol and heptyl cyclohexane carboxylate in the liquid medicament is 2-10% of the total mass of the liquid medicament.
The application method of the preparation for preventing and controlling the storage pests is characterized in that when the preparation is used as powder, the mass ratio of the powder to grains is 1: (300-600) and the grain grains are stirred and mixed evenly; when the powder or liquid medicament is used, the weight ratio of the powder to the grain is 1: (300-600) is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the grain.
Furthermore, the preparation can be used as a storage pest attractant and a pesticide independently when being used as powder and liquid medicaments, and can also be used as attractants and pesticides of other pests.
Further, the main types of the preparation for controlling the storage pests comprise wheat moth, khaki, corn elephant, rice elephant, tribolium castaneum and mosquito.
The invention has the advantages that:
the preparation of the invention is harmless to human and animals, has no pollution to the environment, can replace some highly toxic fumigants such as phosphine, and has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, obvious effect and wide application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the effect of 0.3 grams of different powder concentrations of the agents on the worm rate.
FIG. 2 shows the effect of 0.3 g of 8% powder on the worm-eating rate of 100 g samples of the same material.
FIG. 3 shows the effect of 0.3 g of 8% dust on the worm-eating rate of 1000 seeds of different materials.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a flow-through attractant tube.
FIG. 5 shows the number of heads of the left and right tubes observed in the flow-through attraction tube.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the specific examples as follows:
example 1
Test materials: 50 percent of rice variety Nanjing, 99 percent of n-butyl alcohol, valeramide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2-hexanol, heptyl cyclohexane carboxylate, sepiolite (analytically pure), nylon bags, culture dishes and the like.
The test process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of mixing 4 types of n-butyl alcohol, valeramide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2-hexanol and heptyl cyclohexane carboxylate in equal proportion, preparing 0.3 g of each substance with the content of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% with sepiolite, accurately preparing 1000 seeds without worm corrosion of each Nanjing 50, fully mixing the seeds with the powder, respectively placing the seeds in culture dishes without covers, repeating the test for 4 times, respectively placing the culture dishes which are filled with the medicament and marked on a large tray, stacking the culture dishes together, sleeving a large-size nylon bag outside, and horizontally placing the nylon bag on a test table. Then the rice with a large amount of eggs and larvae of the wheat moth is taken and placed in a large nylon bag and outside a tray. The test is finished from 6 months 15 days to 10 months 15 days, and the insect erosion rate condition is checked.
And (3) test results: as shown in fig. 1, the worm-eating rate was 16.8% for 0%, 3.45%, 4.6% and 3.35% for 2%, 4% and 6%, respectively, and 0.7% and 0.95% for 8% and 10%, respectively. Therefore, 8% is the optimum dust concentration.
Example 2
Test materials: japonica rice variety W328, n-butanol of 99% purity, valeramide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2-hexanol, heptyl cyclohexanecarboxylate and sepiolite (analytically pure), nylon bags, culture bottles (250 ml) and the like.
The test process comprises the following steps: mixing 4 types of n-butyl alcohol, valeramide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2-hexanol and heptyl cyclohexane carboxylate in equal proportion, preparing powder with 8 percent of each substance by mixing with sepiolite, wherein the powder comprises 0.3 g of each substance, and 4 parts by weight, accurately weighing 8 parts by weight of complete and non-wormhead seeds of 100 g of japonica rice W328, fully mixing 4 parts of the powder with the powder, respectively placing the other 4 parts of the powder without adding into a culture bottle (250 ml) without a cover, respectively placing the culture bottles filled with the powder and the powder without adding and marked on a large tray, discharging the culture bottles together, sleeving a large-size nylon bag outside, and horizontally placing the culture bottles on a test bed. Then the rice with a large amount of larvae and eggs of the wheat moth is put in a tray in a large-size nylon bag. The test is finished from 6 months 15 days to 10 months 15 days, and the wormhole condition is checked.
And (3) test results: as shown in FIG. 2, the worm-eating rate was 45.72% without adding powder and 8.98% with adding powder. The difference is quite obvious.
Example 3
Test materials: 50 japonica rice varieties of Nanjing and II excellent 838 rice varieties of indica rice, n-butyl alcohol with the purity of 99 percent, valeramide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2-hexanol, heptyl cyclohexane carboxylate, sepiolite (analytically pure), nylon bags, culture dishes and the like.
The test process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of mixing 4 types of n-butyl alcohol, valeramide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2-hexanol and heptyl cyclohexane carboxylate in equal proportion, preparing 0.3 g of 8% powder respectively with sepiolite, preparing 20 parts of the powder, accurately counting 20 parts of 1000 complete non-worsted seeds of Nanjing 50 and IIyou 838 respectively, wherein the Nanjing 50 and the IIyou 838 respectively account for 10 parts, fully mixing the powder with the powder respectively, placing 10 parts of the Nanjing 50 and the IIyou 838 respectively without powder into uncovered culture dishes, placing the culture dishes filled with the medicament and marked on a large tray respectively, stacking the culture dishes together, sleeving a large-size nylon bag outside the culture dishes, and placing the culture dishes on a test table horizontally. Then the rice with a large amount of larvae and eggs of the wheat moth is placed in a large nylon bag and outside the tray. The test is finished from 6 months 15 days to 10 months 15 days, and the wormhole condition is checked.
And (3) test results: as shown in figure 3, the worm-eating rates of the japonica rice variety Nanjing 50 and the indica rice variety II Youyi 838 are respectively 2.30% and 1.20% without adding powder and are respectively 16.80% and 15.10% with adding powder. The difference is quite obvious.
Example 4
Test materials: the rice for feeding insects which has been produced with a large amount of eggs and larvae, a flow-through luring tube, n-butanol with a purity of 99%, valeramide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2-hexanol, heptyl cyclohexanecarboxylate and sepiolite (analytically pure).
The test process comprises the following steps: the flow inducing tube is shown in figure 4, the ends of the left and right sides are provided with air-permeable cotton balls, the middle two test tubes are provided with rice for feeding the moth eggs and larvae which are already provided with a large amount of moth eggs and larvae, the left test tube, the right test tube and the middle test tube are symmetrically arranged at equal distance, and powder (8% of the content is 0.3 g prepared by 4 substances and sepiolite) is arranged at the upper end of the left test tube. The test was terminated from 6 months 15 days to 10 months 15 days, and the number of heads of the left and right test tubes was checked, assuming 2 replicates.
And (3) test results: as shown in FIG. 5, the left tube 385 is dead and free of eggs, and the right tube 55 is full of eggs. It shows that the wheat moth is attracted obviously in the left test tube, killed and unable to lay eggs. Therefore, the difference was quite significant.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation for preventing and treating storage pests is characterized in that volatile substances of paddy are mixed with sepiolite or medical stone to prepare powder, or the volatile substances of paddy are mixed with purified water, deionized water or tap water to prepare liquid medicament;
the rice volatile substances are n-butanol, valeramide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2-hexanol and heptyl cyclohexane carboxylate; the mass ratio of the n-butyl alcohol, the valeramide, the 2, 5-dimethyl-2-hexanol and the heptyl cyclohexane carboxylate is 1: 1: 1: 1.
2. the formulation for controlling storage pests according to claim 1, wherein the powder is prepared by mixing n-butanol, valeramide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2-hexanol, heptyl cyclohexane carboxylate in a mass ratio of 1: 1: 1: 1, mixing the raw materials in equal proportion, and mixing the mixture with sepiolite or medical stone to prepare powder.
3. The formulation for controlling storage pests according to claim 2, wherein the four rice volatile substances of n-butanol, valeramide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2-hexanol, heptyl cyclohexanecarboxylate in the powder are all 2-10% of the total mass of the powder.
4. The storage pest control agent according to claim 1, wherein the liquid agent is prepared by mixing n-butanol, valeramide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2-hexanol, heptyl cyclohexane carboxylate in a mass ratio of 1: 1: 1: 1, mixing the raw materials in equal proportion, and dissolving the mixture with purified water, deionized water or tap water to prepare a liquid medicament.
5. The storage pest control agent according to claim 4, wherein the four rice volatile substances of n-butanol, valeramide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2-hexanol, and heptyl cyclohexane carboxylate in the liquid agent are all contained in an amount of 2-10% by mass of the total liquid agent.
6. The use method of the preparation for controlling storage pests according to claim 1, characterized in that when the preparation is used as powder, the mass ratio of the grain to the pesticide is 1: (300-600) and the grain grains are stirred and mixed evenly.
7. The use method of the preparation for controlling storage pests according to claim 1, wherein when the preparation is used as a liquid medicament, the liquid medicament is prepared by mixing the following components in a ratio of 1: (300-600) is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the grain.
8. The formulation for controlling storage pests according to claim 1, wherein the formulation is used alone as both a powder and a liquid agent as a storage pest attractant and a pesticide.
9. The formulation for controlling storage pests according to claim 1, wherein the formulation controls the main types of storage pests including hornworm, moth, corn weevil, rice weevil, tribolium castaneum and mosquito.
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| CN111387182B true CN111387182B (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101686684A (en) * | 2007-03-12 | 2010-03-31 | 艾克迪文瑞德（私人）有限公司 | Pest attractant |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101686684A (en) * | 2007-03-12 | 2010-03-31 | 艾克迪文瑞德（私人）有限公司 | Pest attractant |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| Hydroesterification of Alkenes with Sodium Formate and Alcohols Promoted by Cooperative Catalysis of Ru3(CO)12 and 2-Pyridinemethanol;Dong-Su Kim等;《Journal of Organic Chemistry》;20140903;第79卷;第12191-12196页 * |
| 曾姝静等.谷物挥发物对储粮害虫行为的影响及其应用研究进展.《粮油食品科技》.2017,第25卷(第6期),第70-74页. * |
| 谷物挥发物（综述）;Joseph A等;《粮食贮藏》;19790630;第34-40页 * |
| 谷物挥发物对储粮害虫行为的影响及其应用研究进展;曾姝静等;《粮油食品科技》;20171231;第25卷(第6期);第70-74页 * |
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