CN111377887A - 七种来源于少花瘤枝卫矛的萜类化合物及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
七种来源于少花瘤枝卫矛的萜类化合物及其制备方法和用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域,具体涉及少花瘤枝卫矛中萜类化合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
Nitric oxide(NO)是一重要的信使分子,在各种生理病理学过程中,起着关键的作用,具有神奇的生理调节功能。在炎症反应过程中,NO所发挥的作用主要是依赖于NO的浓度而决定的,过量的NO会激活炎症因子从而产生急性或慢性炎症。许多疾病,包括炎症、神经退行性疾病、癌症等,可能是NO的释放或调节不正常引起的。
炎症反应时,炎症介质或致炎物可诱导或增加局部NO的合成及释放,而NO的释放又可诱导促炎症细胞因子产生,如IL-1、TNF-α等。过量的NO可促进血管扩张,增强血管通透性和渗漏,产生细胞毒性。过多的NO的细胞毒性是非特异性的,不仅针对微生物,而且导致细胞周围组织和细胞损害。鉴于炎症与NO的密切关系,抑制NO的生成,已成为抗炎药物的靶标之一。
在中枢神经系统中,NO是神经炎症反应的一个信号。炎症反应伴随着小胶质细胞的活化,并释放大量的NO,产生神经毒性,导致神经元的退化与死亡,进而引起神经退行性疾病。因此,抑制中枢神经系统NO的产生,在治疗神经炎症的同时,对与神经炎症相关的神经退行性疾病,如阿尔兹海默症、帕金森症等有潜在的治疗作用。
植物为我们提供了结构与生物活性多样性的天然产物。为了寻找新的NO抑制剂、进而开发抗炎、以及治疗神经退行性疾病的药物,我们建立了BV-2细胞筛选模型。此细胞在脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharides,LPS)的刺激下,产生NO;在LPS刺激的同时,加入受试药物(化合物或植物提取物),评价药物抑制NO活性,从而发现抗炎以及治疗神经退行性疾病的药物。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供少花瘤枝卫矛中三个新的半日花烷型降二萜(1,3,6)和三个新的半日花烷型二萜(2,4,5)与一个已知的半日花烷型降二萜(7)类化合物及其制备方法和应用。
本发明提供的新化合物1,3,6属于半日花烷型降二萜,新化合物2,4,5属于半日花烷型二萜,已知化合物7为半日花烷型降二萜,其具有如下结构。
本发明还提供了所述化合物1-7的制备方法,该方法包括如下步骤:
(1)少花瘤枝卫矛(Euonymus verrucosus var.pauciflorus)细枝用溶剂提取,回收提取液得粗提物;
(2)步骤(1)所得粗提物溶解于水中,采用与水不相混溶的有机溶剂萃取,回收溶剂得到萃取物;
(3)步骤(2)所得萃取物经硅胶柱色谱法分离,以石油醚/丙酮或石油醚/乙酸乙酯混合溶剂梯度洗脱;
(4)上述步骤(3)中所得流份经MPLC(中压液相色谱,色谱填料为ODS)分离,以甲醇/水,或乙腈/水混合溶剂为流动相梯度洗脱;
(5)上述步骤(4)中所得流份经HPLC-RI(高效液相-示差检测)色谱分离,以甲醇/水为流动相洗脱,或以乙腈/水为流动相梯度洗脱,得到化合物1-7。
本发明提供的化合物1-7的制备方法,所述少花瘤枝卫矛为卫矛科(Celastraceae)卫矛属少花瘤枝卫矛(Euonymus verrucosus var.pauciiflorus)细枝的提取物。
本发明提供的化合物1-7的制备方法,步骤(1)所述的提取方法为加热回流提取或超声提取,所用溶剂为二氯甲烷、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、甲醇、乙醇中的至少一种,药材∶溶剂的重量体积比为1∶5~1∶15。
本发明提供的化合物1-7的制备方法,步骤(2)所述的萃取方法,所用有机溶剂为石油醚、二氯甲烷、氯仿、乙酸乙酯中的任意一种,水溶液和有机溶剂体积比1∶1~1∶2。
本发明提供的化合物1-7的制备方法,步骤(3)中,洗脱溶剂为石油醚/丙酮或石油醚/乙酸乙酯混合溶剂,其比例为100∶0~100∶40。
本发明提供的化合物1-7的制备方法,步骤(4)中,所述甲醇/水混合溶剂的比例为6∶4~9∶1,优选7∶3~8∶2,或乙腈/水混合溶剂比例为6∶4~8∶1,优选7∶3~8∶2。
本发明提供的化合物1-7的制备方法,步骤(5)中所述流动相甲醇和水混合溶剂、或乙腈和水混合溶剂的体积比例为3∶7~9∶1,优选7∶3~9∶1。
本发明提供的七个萜类化合物具有NO抑制活性。用于制备抗炎和治疗神经退行性疾病的药物。
附图说明
图1本发明化合物1的1H NMR谱;
图2本发明化合物1的13C NMR谱;
图3本发明化物1的DEPT135谱;
图4本发明化合物1的HMQC谱;
图5本发明化合物1的HMBC谱;
图6本发明化合物1的1H-1H COSY谱;
图7本发明化合物2的1H NMR谱;
图8本发明化合物2的13C NMR谱;
图9本发明化合物2的HMQC谱;
图10本发明化合物2的HMBC谱;
图11本发明化合物3的1H NMR谱;
图12本发明化合物3的13C NMR谱;
图13本发明化合物3的HMQC谱;
图14本发明化合物3的HMBC谱;
图15本发明化合物4的1H NMR谱;
图16本发明化合物4的13C NMR谱;
图17本发明化合物4的HMQC谱;
图18本发明化合物4的HMBC谱;
图19本发明化合物5的1H NMR谱;
图20本发明化合物5的13C NMR谱;
图21本发明化合物5的HMQC谱;
图22本发明化合物5的HMBC谱;
图23本发明化合物6的1H NMR谱;
图24本发明化合物6的13C NMR谱;
图25本发明化合物6的HMQC谱;
图26本发明化合物6的HMBC谱;
图27本发明化合物1-6的HMBC与1H-1H COSY相关信号图;
图28本发明化合物1-6的实验和计算ECD谱。
图29本发明化合物1-7的结构式
具体实施方式
下面的实施例将对本发明予以进一步的说明,但并不因此而限制本发明。
实施例1
(1)少花瘤枝卫矛细枝10.5kg用甲醇加热回流提取3次(用量3×60L),减压回收提取液得粗提物;
(2)步骤(1)所得甲醇提取物,加水制成混悬液,用乙酸乙酯萃取,得乙酸乙酯萃取物;
(3)步骤(2)经硅胶柱色谱法分离,依次以石油醚∶丙酮100∶0,100∶2,100∶4,100∶6,100∶9,100∶13,100∶30,100∶40洗脱;
(3)上述步骤(2)中所得的石油醚∶丙酮100∶2~100∶13流份经中压液相色谱(MPLC)分离,以甲醇/水6∶4~9∶1为流动相梯度洗脱;
(4)上述步骤(3)中所得甲醇/水(6∶4~9∶1)流份经HPLC-RI分离,以甲醇/水60∶40~90∶10为流动相洗脱得到新化合物1(收率0.002%),2(收率0.004%),3(收率0.001%),4(收率0.003%),5(收率0.026%),6(收率0.006%)和7(收率0.002%)。
根据新化合物1-6的理化性质和波谱数据鉴定了其结构(化合物1-6的波谱图见图1-图26)。
化合物1的结构鉴定数据如下:
无色油状;ECD(CH3CN)202(Δε-3.43),235(Δε+1.37)nm;IR(film)vmax:3486,2924,2847,1713,1680,1563,1460,1385,1293,1188,1080,972,953,893,780cm-1;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)and13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)数据见表1和表2;ESIMS m/z 291[M+H]+;HRESIMS m/z 291.2321[M+H]+,calcd for C19H31O2,291.2324。化合物的HMBC相关信号见图27。该化合物的绝对构型通过运用TDDFT(时间密度泛函理论)方法进行ECD(电子圆二色谱)计算确定,将实验测出的ECD谱图与计算得到的对映异构体的ECD图谱进行比较,确定了该化合物的绝对构型为5S,6R,9S,10R,ECD图谱见图28。
化合物2的结构鉴定数据如下:
无色结晶(甲醇);mp 131-133℃;ECD(CH3CN)192(Δε-4.08),202(Δε-2.57),208(Δε-2.89),231(Δε-1.08),246(Δε-1.15),284(Δε0.00),321(Δε-0.07)nm;IR(film)vmax:3527,3125,3095,2955,2920,2843,1770,1616,1557,1512,1461,1327,1219,1114,1033,1000,975,889,775,642cm-1;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)and13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)数据见表1和表2;ESIMS m/z 317[M+H]+;HRESIMS m/z317.2117[M+H]+,calcd for C20H29O3,317.2117。该化合物的绝对构型通过ECD确定。该化合物的绝对构型通过运用TDDFT(时间密度泛函理论)方法进行ECD计算确定,将实验测出的ECD谱图与计算得到的对映异构体的ECD图谱进行比较,确定了该化合物的绝对构型为5S,6R,9S,10R,ECD图谱见图28。
化合物3的结构鉴定数据如下:
无色油状;ECD(CH3CN)202(Δε-3.43),240(Δε+1.19)nm;IR(film)vmax:3420,3082,2924,2865,2844,1708,1645,1459,1439,1386,1313,1265,1112,1031,993,953,869,779,735cm-1;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)and13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)数据见表1和表2;ESIMS m/z 305[M+H]+;HRESIMS m/z 305.2115[M+H]+,calcd forC19H29O3,305.2117。化合物的HMBC相关信号见图27。由于在NOESY图谱中没有明显的氢信号与H-14有相关,所以我们进行了C-14位两种构型的ECD计算,即(5S,6R,9S,10R,14R)和(5S,6R,9S,10R,14S),结果表明两种构型的计算图谱都与实验图谱相吻合,故无法利用ECD计算的方法确定其绝对构型,最终表示为5S,6R,9S,10R,14ξ。
化合物4的结构鉴定数据如下:
无色油状;ECD(CH3CN)200(Δε-4.23),229(Δε+1.38)nm;IR(film)vmax:3380,2923,2865,2851,1714,1581,1556,1461,1380,1265,1212,1034,993,974,865,822,778cm-1;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)and13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)数据见表1和表2;ESIMS m/z 321[M+H]+;HRESIMS m/z 321.2433[M+H]+,calcd for C20H33O3,321.2430。化合物的HMBC相关信号见图27。该化合物的绝对构型通过ECD确定。该化合物的绝对构型通过运用TDDFT(时间密度泛函理论)方法进行ECD计算确定,将实验测出的ECD谱图与计算得到的对映异构体的ECD图谱进行比较,确定了该化合物的绝对构型为5S,6R,9S,10R,ECD图谱见图28。
化合物5的结构鉴定数据如下:
白色无定型粉末;ECD(CH3CN)202(Δε-2.82),231(Δε+1.33)nm;IR(film)vmax:3420,3082,2924,2944,1708,1645,1459,1386,1265,1218,1076,1014,993,869,779,735cm-1;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)and13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)数据见表1和表2;ESIMS m/z 305[M+H]+;HRESIMS m/z 305.2478[M+H]+,calcd for C20H33O2,305.2481。化合物的HMBC相关信号见图27。该化合物的绝对构型通过ECD确定。该化合物的绝对构型通过运用TDDFT(时间密度泛函理论)方法进行ECD计算确定,将实验测出的ECD谱图与计算得到的对映异构体的ECD图谱进行比较,确定了该化合物的绝对构型为5S,6R,9S,10R,ECD图谱见图28。
化合物6的结构鉴定数据如下:
无色油状;ECD(CH3CN)206(Δε-0.25)nm;IR(film)vmax3482,3080,2994,2867,1707,1648,1458,1363,1248,1204,1055,1033,976,865,779,737cm-1;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)and13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)数据见表1和表2。ESIMS m/z267[M+H]+;HRESIMS m/z 267.1963[M+H]+,calcd for C16H27O3,267.1960。化合物的HMBC相关信号见图27。该化合物的绝对构型通过ECD确定。该化合物的绝对构型通过运用TDDFT(时间密度泛函理论)方法进行ECD计算确定,将实验测出的ECD谱图与计算得到的对映异构体的ECD图谱进行比较,确定了该化合物的绝对构型为5S,6R,9S,10R,ECD图谱见图28。
表1新化合物1-6的13C NMR数据
表2新合物1-6的1H NMR数据
a重叠的信号。
实施例2
(1)少花瘤枝卫矛细枝8.0kg用乙醇加提取3次(用量3×48L),减压回收提取液得粗提物;
(2)步骤(1)所得乙醇提取物,加水制成混悬液,用乙酸乙酯萃取,得乙酸乙酯萃取物;
(3)步骤(2)经硅胶柱色谱法分离,依次以石油醚∶乙酸乙酯100∶0,100∶2,100∶4,100∶6,100∶9,100∶15,100∶28,100∶42洗脱;
(3)上述步骤(2)中所得的石油醚∶乙酸乙酯100∶2~100∶15流份经中压液相色谱(MPLC)分离,以甲醇/水6∶4~9∶1为流动相梯度洗脱;
(4)上述步骤(3)中所得甲醇/水(6∶4~9∶1)流份经HPLC-RI分离,以甲醇/水60∶40~90∶10为流动相洗脱得到新化合物1(收率0.001%),2(收率0.003%),3(收率0.001%),4(收率0.003%),5(收率0.016%),6(收率0.006%)和7(收率0.002%)。
化合物1-6的结构鉴定方法见实施例1。
实施例3
(1)少花瘤枝卫矛细枝8.0kg用丙酮加提取3次(用量3×48L),减压回收提取液得粗提物;
(2)步骤(1)所得丙酮提取物,加水制成混悬液,用二氯甲烷萃取,得二氯甲烷萃取物;
(3)步骤(2)经硅胶柱色谱法分离,依次以石油醚∶丙酮100∶0,100∶2,100∶4,100∶6,100∶9,100∶13,100∶28,100∶40洗脱;
(3)上述步骤(2)中所得的石油醚∶丙酮100∶2~100∶13流份经中压液相色谱(MPLC)分离,以甲醇/水6∶4~9∶1为流动相梯度洗脱;
(4)上述步骤(3)中所得甲醇/水(6∶4~9∶1)流份经HPLC-RI分离,以乙腈/水60∶40~90∶10为流动相洗脱得到新化合物1(收率0.002%),2(收率0.004%),3(收率0.004%),4(收率0.006%),5(收率0.020%),6(收率0.006%)和7(收率0.002%)。
化合物1-6的结构鉴定方法见实施例1。
实施例4
少花瘤枝卫矛中化合物1-7的NO抑制活性测试。
(1)实验原理
NO与炎症、神经退行性疾病等密切相关,具有NO抑制活性的化合物,是潜在的治疗炎症、阿尔兹海默症、帕金森症等神经退行性疾病的药物。本实验通过建立BV-2细胞模型,此细胞在LPS的刺激下,产生NO;在LPS刺激的同时,加入受试化合物,评价化合物1-7的抑制NO活性,从而发现抗炎以及治疗神经退行性疾病的潜在药物。
(2)实验方法
①小鼠小胶质细胞BV-2的培养
以DMEM高糖培养基作为基础配制成内含10%胎牛血清及1%双抗(青霉素∶链霉素=1∶1)细胞培养液,37℃,5%CO2培养箱培养,2~3天换液一次,至细胞基本铺满培养瓶瓶底,传代或实验处理。
②化合物的配制方法
待测化合物用DMSO溶解,配成母液,浓度为30mM,储存于-20℃。临用时用DMEM培养液将其进行稀释,依次稀释为10mM、5mM、3mM、1mM、0.1mM、0.01mM。
③待测化合物的细胞毒性
将对数生长期的细胞,调细胞密度为1×105个/mL,接种于96孔板,置于37℃,5%的培养箱中,培养24小时后,加不同浓度的待测化合物,20h后,观察细胞的存活情况,并用MTT法定量检测化合物对细胞的毒性,以确定化合物的测试浓度。
④化合物的NO抑制活性
将处于对数生长期的BV-2细胞,调细胞密度接种于96孔板(5×104细胞/孔),培养24小时,待细胞完全贴壁后,加入不同浓度的待处理化合物,预处理30min后,加入LPS至终浓度为0.2μg/mL,继续培养24小时后,取50μL细胞培养上清液,分别加入50μL Griess试剂(A液∶B液=1∶1,A液含有1%的磺胺,5%的磷酸,B液为0.1%的α-萘乙二胺二盐酸盐,A,B液需要避光保存),按Griess法,于550nm波长下测吸光度值,根据吸光度值和标准曲线计算各化合物对NO的抑制率。
⑤统计方法
全部资料采用SPSS(13.0)统计软件包进行检验分析。结果用平均值±标准误表示,评价整体性差异,组间均数采用One-Way ANOVA分析法进行方差齐性分析,并结合Dunnett’s test分析方法进行组间比较。多样本方差齐性检验采用Levene检验,当p>0.05,方差是齐的,采用Dunnett’s双侧T检验多组间均数的差异,当p<0.05,方差不齐,采用Dunnett T3检验多组间均数的差异。
⑥IC50的计算方法
将各剂量和抑制率等参数用非线性回归拟合计算化合物抑制NO的IC50值。
(3)实验结果:化合物抑制NO的IC50值见表2。
表2化合物1-7抑制NO的IC50值
a2-Methyl-2-thiopseudourea,sulfate(SMT)为阳性对照药物。
结果表明实施例1-3中所制备得到的化合物3-7具有NO抑制活性。
Claims (10)
2.一种权利要求1所述化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:该方法包括如下步骤:
(1)少花瘤枝卫矛(Euonymus verrucosus var.pauciflorus)用溶剂提取,回收提取液得粗提物;
(2)步骤(1)所得粗提物溶解于水中,采用与水不相混溶的有机溶剂萃取,减压回收溶剂得到萃取物;
(3)步骤(2)所得萃取物经硅胶柱色谱法分离,以石油醚/丙酮或石油醚/乙酸乙酯混合溶剂梯度洗脱;
(4)上述步骤(3)中所得流份经MPLC(中压液相色谱,色谱填料为ODS)分离,以甲醇/水,或乙腈/水混合溶剂为流动相梯度洗脱;
(5)上述步骤(4)中所得流份经HPLC-RI(高效液相-示差检测)色谱分离,以甲醇/水为流动相洗脱,或以乙腈/水为流动相梯度洗脱,得到化合物1-7。
3.按照权利要求2所述的化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述少花瘤枝卫矛为卫矛科(Celastraceae)卫矛属少花瘤枝卫矛(Euonymus verrucosus var.pauciflorus)细枝的提取物。
4.按照权利要求2所述的化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中所述的提取方法为加热回流提取或超声提取1~3次,所用溶剂为石油醚、环己烷、二氯甲烷、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、丙酮、甲醇、乙醇中的至少一种,药材:溶剂的重量体积比为1∶5~1∶15。
5.按照权利要求2所述的化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)所述的萃取方法,水溶液和有机溶剂体积比1∶1~1∶2,所用的萃取溶剂为石油醚、二氯甲烷、氯仿、乙酸乙酯中的一种。
6.按照权利要求2所述的化合物制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中所述洗脱溶剂石油醚/丙酮或石油醚/乙酸乙酯混合溶剂的比例为100∶0~100∶40。
7.按照权利要求2所述的化合物制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中所述甲醇/水混合溶剂的比例为7∶3~9∶1,或乙腈/水混合溶剂比例为6∶4~9∶1。
8.按照权利要求2所述的化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(5)中所述流动相甲醇/水或乙腈/水混合溶剂为流动相,流动相中混合溶剂的比例为3∶2~9∶1得化合物1;流动相中混合溶剂的比例为3∶2~9∶1得化合物2;流动相中混合溶剂的比例为3∶2~9∶1得化合物3;流动相中混合溶剂的比例为3∶2~8∶2得化合物4;流动相中混合溶剂的比例为3∶2~9∶1得化合物5;流动相中混合溶剂的比例为7∶3~8∶2得化合物6;流动相中混合溶剂的比例为3∶2~9∶1得化合物7。
9.一种药物制剂,其包含有如权利要求1中所述的化合物或药学上可接受的盐和药学上可接受的辅料、稀释剂和载体。
10.权利要求1所述的化合物在制备预防和治疗炎症、神经退行性疾病药物中的应用。
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