CN111362739A - Agricultural waste facility efficient recycling system and method - Google Patents

Agricultural waste facility efficient recycling system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111362739A
CN111362739A CN202010167348.5A CN202010167348A CN111362739A CN 111362739 A CN111362739 A CN 111362739A CN 202010167348 A CN202010167348 A CN 202010167348A CN 111362739 A CN111362739 A CN 111362739A
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fermentation
facility
agricultural waste
residue
indoor
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Inventor
钟凤林
尚春雨
王树彬
许茹
解鸿磊
马馨馨
林义章
王晋
何晓丽
杨丹青
杜志杰
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Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
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Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D7/00—Fertilisers producing carbon dioxide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a facility efficient recycling system and method for agricultural wastes, wherein the agricultural wastes comprise organic wastes such as straws and mushroom residues, and the organic wastes are mixed with a zymophyte agent, an amino acid-containing additive and water according to the ratio of 1000:2: 3: 100 (by mass) to ferment, and the heat generated during fermentation, C02Can be used for plant absorption in facility environment; the fermented solid residue is an excellent organic fertilizer, and is mixed with coconut residue, vermiculite, perlite and plant ash according to the ratio of 1:3:1:1:2 to prepare organic soil, so that facility soil can be well improved, the growth and development of facility plants can be promoted, agricultural wastes can be fully utilized, and the effects of protecting environment and recycling resources are achieved.

Description

Agricultural waste facility efficient recycling system and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural waste treatment, and particularly relates to a facility efficient recycling system and method for agricultural waste.
Background
Agricultural waste, which mainly comprises crop residues and animal urinating and defecating. The weight is light, the volume is large, the storage occupies a large area, the long-distance transportation is difficult, the shapes are different, and the adaptability of the furnace type is poor, thereby limiting the application range. Meanwhile, most of the agricultural wastes are discarded to cause pollution, such as agricultural chemicals and fertilizers used for cultivation may be filtered into soil and then enter rivers and oceans to cause water pollution. The utilization of agricultural waste mainly comprises the steps of producing biogas, methyl fuel and producing alcohol through microbial fermentation and decomposition. However, the utilization industrialization level of the biogas is low, the discharge of the supernatant of the biogas does not reach the standard, the biogas digester is easy to explode, the biogas leakage is very dangerous, and when the temperature is high, the excessive biogas is not locally used and can only be discharged, or a storage device is added, so that the biogas device is very corroded greatly and the safety performance is not enough. The methyl fuel is expensive and the application range is limited. The alcohol is prepared by utilizing agricultural wastes such as rice husks, corn stalks, corncobs, cottonseed hulls, sunflower residues, bagasse and the like, can be a utilization way of agricultural and sideline products, but has the disadvantages of complex process, low relative utilization rate and unequal output and input.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to more fully utilize agricultural residues such as straws, mushroom residues and the like and improve the influence of random discarding of the agricultural residues on the environment, the invention provides a facility efficient recycling system and method for agricultural wastes, so that resources are recycled, and the agricultural wastes such as the straws, the mushroom residues and the like generate heat and CO after being fermented by strains and the like2The fermented solid residue is uniformly mixed with coconut chaff, vermiculite and the like to form an excellent organic fertilizer, the fermentation liquor is used as an excellent natural plant vaccine for scientific research, and has strong antagonistic, inhibiting and lethal effects on plant diseases and insect pests, the agricultural residue is fully utilized by the whole system, the ecological environment is protected, and the growth and development of plants are well promoted.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a system is recycled to agricultural waste material facility ization high efficiency, includes the fermentation cylinder, the top of fermentation cylinder is equipped with the pan feeding mouth that is used for adding agricultural waste, and the left and right sides is equipped with air inlet and gas outlet respectively, and the bottom is equipped with the bin outlet, the air inlet links to each other with the gas generation case, be provided with the air-blower in the gas generation case, the gas outlet passes through outdoor breather pipe and links to each other with the greenhouse, be provided with indoor breather pipe in the greenhouse, indoor breather pipe and outdoor breather pipe intercommunication, be provided with a plurality of air vents on the indoor breather pipe, the bin outlet links.
Furthermore, the outer layer of the fermentation tank is provided with a rubber-plastic heat-insulating layer, the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is 2 cm, the heat-insulating layer is used for heat insulation of the fermentation tank, heat loss of the fermentation tank is reduced, heat preservation has a good effect on limited temperature increase of facilities in autumn and winter, and the heat-insulating layer can be removed in summer. .
Further, the outdoor vent pipe and the indoor vent pipe are made of PCV materials, the diameters of the pipes are 20 cm, the vent hole intervals on the indoor vent pipe are 10 cm, and the diameters of the vent holes are 5 cm.
Further, the fermentation residue solid-liquid separation device comprises granular resin water-permeable ceramics and a fermentation residue collection tank, wherein the granular resin water-permeable ceramics are positioned inside the fermentation residue collection tank.
The method for utilizing the agricultural waste materials of the system to realize facility and high-efficiency reutilization comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing agricultural waste, zymophyte agent, amino acid-containing additive and water, loading into a fermentation tank from a feeding port for fermentation, wherein heat and CO are continuously generated in the fermentation process2Air is dried by a blower in the gas generation box and then enters the fermentation tank through the air inlet, and heat and CO generated in the fermentation tank are absorbed by the air pressure2The gas is introduced into the indoor ventilating pipe in the greenhouse through the outdoor ventilating pipe and slowly dispersed to the whole greenhouse through the ventilating pipe, so that the temperature and CO in the greenhouse are increased2The concentration of (c);
(2) solid residues and fermentation liquid after fermentation in the fermentation tank enter the granular resin permeable ceramics in the fermentation residue solid-liquid separation device through a discharge outlet at the bottom of the fermentation tank, the solid residues are separated from fermentation liquor, the separated solid residues are stored in the granular resin permeable ceramics, and the fermentation liquor is stored between the granular resin permeable ceramics and the fermentation residue collection tank;
(3) mixing the solid residue obtained in the step (2) with coconut residue, vermiculite, perlite and plant ash according to the ratio of 1:3:1:1:2 to prepare organic soil, wherein the organic soil is rich in various nutrient elements required by plant growth, is an excellent organic fertilizer and can be used as a greenhouse culture medium; the fermentation liquor is diluted by 50 times and then directly used for sprinkling irrigation of cultivated plants in a greenhouse, is rich in disease-resistant spores, enzymes, organic and inorganic nutrients, is an excellent natural plant vaccine, has strong antagonism, inhibition and lethal effects on plant diseases and insect pests, can reduce the morbidity of the plants by more than 90 percent, and reduces the pesticide consumption by more than 90 percent.
Further, the agricultural waste comprises straw, mushroom residue and other agricultural waste.
Further, the mass ratio of the agricultural waste to the fermentation inoculum to the amino acid-containing additive to the water is 1000:2: 3: 100.
further, the amino acid-containing additive is a mixed additive containing 20% of algal polysaccharide, 30% of chitosan, 17% of tryptophan, 15% of lysine, 13% of threonine, 10% of glycine and 5% of arginine, and the fermentation microbial inoculum is Fengnong straw reactor strain (purchased from Hua Yuan Fengnong biological science and technology Co., Ltd.).
Further, the air volume of the blower is 120 m3And/min, the power of the fan is 22 KW, the rotating speed of fan blades is 2950r/min, the blower continuously operates, and gas and heat generated in the fermentation tank are transmitted to the indoor ventilating pipe through the outdoor ventilating pipe.
Has the advantages that:
the system and the method for facility efficient recycling of agricultural wastes have the advantages of simple operation process and low cost, fully utilize agricultural residues, recycle resources, greatly promote the growth and development of plants in facility environment, reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers and reduce the morbidity of facility plants.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a facility efficient reuse system of agricultural waste according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a feeding port; 2. an air inlet; 3. a gas generating chamber; 4. warming; 5. 6, indoor vent pipe; 7. organic soil; 8. an outdoor vent pipe; 9. an air outlet; 10. a fermentation tank; 11. granular resin water-permeable ceramics; 12. a fermentation residue collection tank; 13. an exhaust hole; 14. a blower; 15. opening of the fermentation tank; 16. and (4) collecting the tank opening.
Example 1
The invention relates to a design of a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes and a preparation method of bio-organic soil, wherein the agricultural wastes such as straws, mushroom residues and the like account for 1000 parts by weight, and the fermentation inoculants respectively account for 0 part, 2 parts, 4 parts, 6 parts and 8 parts, amino acid-containing additives account for 3 parts and water accounts for 100 parts.
The invention provides a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes, which is arranged as follows: the fermentation raw materials are mixed and then (calculated by mass) put into a fermentation tank (10) from a feeding port (1) for fermentation, heat and gas can be continuously generated in the fermentation process, the gas is dried by a blower and then enters the fermentation tank from a gas generation box (3) through a gas inlet (2), and the heat and CO generated in the fermentation tank are treated under the action of air pressure2The gas is transmitted to the indoor vent pipe (5) through the outdoor vent pipe (8) and then slowly dispersed to the whole facility space through the vent hole (6), so that the temperature and CO of the facility space are improved2The concentration of (c).
The invention provides a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes, which is arranged as follows: the air volume of the blower is 120 m3And/min, the power of the fan is 22 KW, the rotating speed of fan blades is 2950r/min, the blower continuously operates, and gas and heat generated in the fermentation tank are transmitted to the indoor ventilating pipe through the outdoor ventilating pipe.
The invention provides a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes, which is arranged as follows: the outer layer of the fermentation tank (10) is provided with a rubber-plastic heat-insulating layer, the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is 2 cm, the heat-insulating layer is used for heat insulation of the fermentation tank, heat loss of the fermentation tank is reduced, the heat preservation has a good effect on limited temperature increase of facilities in autumn and winter, and the heat-insulating layer can be removed in summer.
The agricultural waste provided by the invention is efficiently reused in a facility mannerThe system is set as follows: the outdoor vent pipe and the indoor vent pipe are made of PCV materials, the diameters of the pipes are 20 cm, and a circular hole with the diameter of 5 cm is formed in each indoor vent pipe at the interval of 10 cm and used for releasing CO2A gas.
The invention provides a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes, which is arranged as follows: solid residue and fermentation liquid can be separated by the granular resin permeable ceramic (11) in the fermentation residue solid-liquid separation device, solid residue is in the granular resin permeable ceramic, and fermentation liquid is between the granular resin permeable ceramic and the fermentation residue collection tank (12).
The second purpose of the invention is to prepare organic soil by utilizing fermented solid residues and fermented liquid, wherein the solid residues, coconut coir, vermiculite, perlite and plant ash are mixed according to the proportion of 1:3:1:1:2 to prepare the organic soil.
Example 2:
the invention relates to a design of a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes and a preparation method of bio-organic soil, wherein the agricultural wastes such as straws and mushroom residues are 1000 parts by weight, a fermentation microbial inoculum is 2 parts by weight, amino acid-containing additives are 0 part, 3 parts, 6 parts and 9 parts respectively, and water is 100 parts by weight.
The other conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 3:
the invention relates to a design of a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes and a preparation method of bio-organic soil, wherein the agricultural wastes such as straws, mushroom residues and the like account for 1000 parts by weight, the fermentation bacteria agent accounts for 2 parts by weight, the amino acid-containing additive accounts for 3 parts by weight, and the water accounts for 0 part by weight, 50 parts by weight, 100 parts by weight and 150 parts by weight.
The other conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 4:
the invention relates to a design of a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes and a preparation method of bio-organic soil, wherein the agricultural wastes such as straws, mushroom residues and the like account for 1000 parts by weight, and the fermentation bacteria agent, the amino acid-containing additive and the water account for 100 parts by weight.
The invention provides a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes, which is arranged as follows: the hairAfter being mixed, the fermentation raw materials are loaded into a fermentation tank (10) from a feeding port (1) for fermentation according to the mass, heat and gas can be continuously generated in the fermentation process, the gas is dried by a blower and then enters the fermentation tank from a gas generation box (3) through a gas inlet (2), and the heat and CO generated in the fermentation tank are treated under the action of the air pressure2The gas is transmitted to the indoor vent pipe (5) through the outdoor vent pipe (8) and then slowly dispersed to the whole facility space through the vent hole (6), so that the temperature and CO of the facility space are improved2The concentration of (c).
The invention provides a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes, which is arranged as follows: the air volume of the blower is 120 m3And/min, the power of the fan is 22 KW, the rotating speed of fan blades is 2950r/min, the blower continuously operates, and gas and heat generated in the fermentation tank are transmitted to the indoor ventilating pipe through the outdoor ventilating pipe.
The invention provides a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes, which is arranged as follows: the outer layer of the fermentation tank (10) is provided with a rubber-plastic heat-insulating layer, the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is 2 cm, the heat-insulating layer is used for heat insulation of the fermentation tank, heat loss of the fermentation tank is reduced, the heat preservation has a good effect on limited temperature increase of facilities in autumn and winter, and the heat-insulating layer can be removed in summer.
The invention provides a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes, which is arranged as follows: the outdoor vent pipe and the indoor vent pipe are made of PCV materials, the diameters of the pipes are 20 cm, and a circular hole with the diameter of 5 cm is formed in each indoor vent pipe at the interval of 10 cm and used for releasing CO2A gas.
The invention provides a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes, which is arranged as follows: solid residue and fermentation liquid can be separated by the granular resin permeable ceramic (11) in the fermentation residue solid-liquid separation device, solid residue is in the granular resin permeable ceramic, and fermentation liquid is between the granular resin permeable ceramic and the fermentation residue collection tank (12).
The second purpose of the invention is to prepare organic soil by utilizing fermented solid residue and fermented liquid, wherein the organic soil is prepared by the following components, by weight, 1 part of solid residue, 0 part of coconut coir, 1 part of vermiculite, 1 part of perlite and 2 parts of plant ash, wherein the coconut coir comprises 0 part of coconut coir, 1 part of coconut coir and 2 parts of plant ash.
Example 5
In the preparation method of the organic soil, the preparation of the organic soil comprises 1 part of solid residue, 3 parts of coconut coir, 0 part, 1 part, 2 parts and 3 parts of vermiculite, 1 part of perlite and 2 parts of plant ash according to parts by weight.
The other conditions were the same as in example 4.
Example 6:
in the preparation method of the organic soil, the preparation of the organic soil comprises 1 part of solid residue, 3 parts of coconut coir, 1 part of vermiculite, 0 part of perlite, 1 part of perlite, 2 parts of perlite and 2 parts of plant ash according to parts by weight.
The other conditions were the same as in example 4.
Example 7:
in the preparation method of the organic soil, the preparation of the organic soil comprises 1 part of solid residue, 3 parts of coconut coir, 1 part of vermiculite, 1 part of perlite and 0 part, 1 part, 2 parts and 3 parts of plant ash respectively according to parts by weight.
The other conditions were the same as in example 4.
Example 8:
the invention relates to a design of a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes and a preparation method of bio-organic soil, wherein the agricultural wastes such as straws, mushroom residues and the like account for 1000 parts by weight, and the fermentation bacteria agent, the amino acid-containing additive and the water account for 100 parts by weight.
In the preparation method of the organic soil, the preparation of the organic soil comprises 1 part of solid residue, 3 parts of coconut coir, 1 part of vermiculite, 1 part of perlite and 2 parts of plant ash in parts by weight.
The collected fermentation liquid was diluted 10 times, 50 times and 100 times respectively and used for irrigation of facility plants under the same conditions as in example 4.
Comparative example 1:
the invention relates to a design of a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes and a preparation method of bio-organic soil, wherein the agricultural wastes such as straws, mushroom residues and the like account for 1000 parts by weight, the saccharomycetes accounts for 2 parts by weight, an amino acid-containing additive accounts for 3 parts by weight, and water accounts for 100 parts by weight.
The invention provides a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes, which is arranged as follows: the fermentation raw materials are mixed and then (calculated by mass) put into a fermentation tank (10) from a feeding port (1) for fermentation, heat and gas can be continuously generated in the fermentation process, the gas is dried by a blower and then enters the fermentation tank from a gas generation box (3) through a gas inlet (2), and the heat and CO generated in the fermentation tank are treated under the action of air pressure2The gas is transmitted to the indoor vent pipe (5) through the outdoor vent pipe (8) and then slowly dispersed to the whole facility space through the vent hole (6), so that the temperature and CO of the facility space are improved2The concentration of (c).
The invention provides a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes, which is arranged as follows: the air volume of the blower is 120 m3And/min, the power of the fan is 22 KW, the rotating speed of fan blades is 2950r/min, the blower continuously operates, and gas and heat generated in the fermentation tank are transmitted to the indoor ventilating pipe through the outdoor ventilating pipe.
The invention provides a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes, which is arranged as follows: the outer layer of the fermentation tank (10) is provided with a rubber-plastic heat-insulating layer, the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is 2 cm, the heat-insulating layer is used for heat insulation of the fermentation tank, heat loss of the fermentation tank is reduced, the heat preservation has a good effect on limited temperature increase of facilities in autumn and winter, and the heat-insulating layer can be removed in summer.
The invention provides a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes, which is arranged as follows: the outdoor vent pipe and the indoor vent pipe are made of PCV materials, the diameters of the pipes are 20 cm, and a circular hole with the diameter of 5 cm is formed in each indoor vent pipe at the interval of 10 cm and used for releasing CO2A gas.
The invention provides a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes, which is arranged as follows: solid residue and fermentation liquid can be separated by the granular resin permeable ceramic (11) in the fermentation residue solid-liquid separation device, solid residue is in the granular resin permeable ceramic, and fermentation liquid is between the granular resin permeable ceramic and the fermentation residue collection tank (12).
The second purpose of the invention is to prepare organic soil by utilizing fermented solid residues and fermented liquid, wherein the solid residues, coconut coir, vermiculite, perlite and plant ash are mixed according to the proportion of 1:3:1:1:2 to prepare the organic soil.
Comparative example 2:
the invention relates to a design of a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes and a preparation method of bio-organic soil, wherein the agricultural wastes such as straws, mushroom residues and the like account for 1000 parts by weight, lactic acid bacteria account for 2 parts by weight, amino acid-containing additives account for 3 parts by weight, and water accounts for 100 parts by weight.
Other conditions were the same as in comparative example 1.
Comparative example 3:
the invention relates to a design of a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes and a preparation method of bio-organic soil, wherein the agricultural wastes such as straws, mushroom residues and the like account for 1000 parts by weight, the streptomycete accounts for 2 parts by weight, an amino acid-containing additive accounts for 3 parts by weight, and water accounts for 100 parts by weight.
Other conditions were the same as in comparative example 1.
Comparative example 4:
the invention relates to a design of a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes and a preparation method of bio-organic soil, wherein the agricultural wastes such as straws, mushroom residues and the like account for 1000 parts by weight, the fermentation inoculum accounts for 2 parts by weight, the arginine amino acid accounts for 3 parts by weight, and the water accounts for 100 parts by weight.
Other conditions were the same as in comparative example 1.
Comparative example 5:
the invention relates to a design of a facility efficient recycling system for agricultural wastes and a preparation method of bio-organic soil, wherein the agricultural wastes such as straws, mushroom residues and the like account for 1000 parts by weight, the fermentation inoculum accounts for 2 parts by weight, the lysine accounts for 3 parts by weight, and the water accounts for 100 parts by weight.
Other conditions were the same as in comparative example 1.
TABLE 1 influence of different fermentation inoculants on fermentation of agricultural wastes such as straw, mushroom residue, etc
Figure 190620DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
TABLE 2 influence of different amino acid additives on fermentation of agricultural wastes such as straw, mushroom residue, etc
Figure 809820DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
TABLE 3 influence of different water dosages on fermentation of agricultural wastes such as straw and mushroom residue
Figure 873591DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
TABLE 4 influence of different coconut husk ratios on the physicochemical properties of the organic soil
Figure 947857DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
TABLE 5 influence of different vermiculite ratios on the physicochemical properties of the organic soil
Figure 164206DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
TABLE 6 influence of different perlite compounding ratios on the physicochemical Properties of the organic soil
Figure 219887DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
TABLE 7 influence of different plant ash ratios on the physicochemical properties of the organic soil
Figure 425083DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
TABLE 8 pathogenic bacteria killing effect of different dilution times of fermentation broth
The comparison is that pathogenic fungi of common early blight (pathogenic bacteria are fungi of Alternaria adelomikta, Deuteromycotina), gray mold (pathogenic bacteria are fungi of Botrytis cinerea) and root rot (pathogenic bacteria are fungi of Deuteromycotina) in facility tomatoes are used as test objects, and the fungi are sprayed by diluting the fermentation liquid by different times, so that the fungus killing rate is counted.
Figure 755570DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
As can be seen from tables 1, 2 and 3, the ratio of organic waste to fermentation broth, amino acid-containing additive and water was 1000:2: 3: 100 ratio of CO in the facility environment2The concentration and the daily average temperature are highest, which shows that the proportion is the most sufficient for the fermentation of agricultural organic waste such as straw, mushroom residue and the like, and the generated heat energy and CO2The content is also the maximum; the smaller the volume weight of the organic soil is, the larger the porosity and the Eh of the soil are, the better the water retention and air permeability of the organic soil is, the more favorable the physicochemical properties of the soil are for the growth of facility plants, and the optimal organic soil is prepared by mixing the fermented solid residues in the tables 4-7 with coconut coir, vermiculite, perlite and plant ash according to the proportion of 1:3:1:1: 2; from table 8, it can be seen that the effect of the fermentation liquid with different dilution times on pathogenic bacteria is different, and the fermentation liquid diluted by 50 times has the best killing effect on pathogenic bacteria of several common diseases in facility tomatoes.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides an agricultural waste material facility high efficiency system of recycling which characterized in that: including the fermentation cylinder, the top of fermentation cylinder is equipped with the pan feeding mouth that is used for adding agricultural waste, and the left and right sides is equipped with air inlet and gas outlet respectively, and the bottom is equipped with the bin outlet, the air inlet links to each other with the gas generation case, be provided with the air-blower in the gas generation case, the gas outlet links to each other with the greenhouse through outdoor breather pipe, be provided with indoor breather pipe in the greenhouse, indoor breather pipe and outdoor breather pipe intercommunication, be provided with a plurality of air vents on the indoor breather pipe, the bin outlet links to each other with fermentation residue solid-.
2. The agricultural waste facility-based high-efficiency reuse system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer layer of fermentation cylinder is equipped with the rubber and plastic heat preservation, and the thickness of heat preservation is 2 cm.
3. The agricultural waste facility-based high-efficiency reuse system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outdoor vent pipe and the indoor vent pipe are made of PCV materials, the diameters of the outdoor vent pipe and the indoor vent pipe are both 20 cm, the interval of vent holes on the indoor vent pipe is 10 cm, and the diameters of the vent holes are both 5 cm.
4. The agricultural waste facility-based high-efficiency reuse system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fermentation residue solid-liquid separation device comprises granular resin water-permeable ceramics and a fermentation residue collecting tank, wherein the granular resin water-permeable ceramics are positioned in the fermentation residue collecting tank.
5. A facility efficient recycling method of agricultural wastes using the system of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing agricultural waste, zymophyte agent, amino acid-containing additive and water, loading into a fermentation tank from a feeding port for fermentation, wherein heat and CO are continuously generated in the fermentation process2Air is dried by a blower in the gas generation box and then enters the fermentation tank through the air inlet, and heat and CO generated in the fermentation tank are absorbed by the air pressure2The gas is introduced into the indoor ventilating pipe in the greenhouse through the outdoor ventilating pipe and slowly dispersed to the whole greenhouse through the ventilating pipe, so that the temperature and CO in the greenhouse are increased2The concentration of (c);
(2) solid residues and fermentation liquid after fermentation in the fermentation tank enter the granular resin permeable ceramics in the fermentation residue solid-liquid separation device through a discharge outlet at the bottom of the fermentation tank, the solid residues are separated from fermentation liquor, the separated solid residues are stored in the granular resin permeable ceramics, and the fermentation liquor is stored between the granular resin permeable ceramics and the fermentation residue collection tank;
(3) mixing the solid residue obtained in the step (2) with coconut residue, vermiculite, perlite and plant ash according to the proportion of 1:3:1:1:2 to prepare organic soil serving as a greenhouse culture substrate; the fermentation liquid is diluted by 50 times and then directly used for sprinkling irrigation of plants cultivated in a greenhouse.
6. The method for facility-oriented efficient reuse of agricultural waste according to claim 5, wherein: the agricultural waste comprises straw and mushroom residue.
7. The method for facility-oriented efficient reuse of agricultural waste according to claim 5, wherein: the mass ratio of the agricultural waste to the fermentation bacteria agent to the amino acid-containing additive to the water is 1000:2: 3: 100.
8. the method for facility-oriented efficient reuse of agricultural waste according to claim 5, wherein: the amino acid-containing additive is a mixed additive containing 20% of algal polysaccharide, 30% of chitosan, 17% of tryptophan, 15% of lysine, 13% of threonine, 10% of glycine and 5% of arginine.
9. The method for facility-oriented efficient reuse of agricultural waste according to claim 5, wherein: the air volume of the blower is 120 m3Min, the power of the fan is 22 KW, and the rotating speed of fan blades of the fan is 2950 r/min.
CN202010167348.5A 2020-03-11 2020-03-11 Agricultural waste facility efficient recycling system and method Withdrawn CN111362739A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112740946A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-04 江苏大学 Method for preventing and treating greenhouse crop diseases based on flower waste treatment object
CN112889595A (en) * 2021-01-13 2021-06-04 王和法 Turf cultivation device for cleaning domestic sludge compost and substrate thereof
CN113716244A (en) * 2021-06-24 2021-11-30 哈尔滨理工大学 Kitchen garbage can
CN114208616A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-03-22 西南林业大学 Organic planting method for gastrodia elata
CN116058252A (en) * 2023-03-09 2023-05-05 惠州护地农科有限公司 Preparation method of soil improvement matrix

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112740946A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-04 江苏大学 Method for preventing and treating greenhouse crop diseases based on flower waste treatment object
CN112889595A (en) * 2021-01-13 2021-06-04 王和法 Turf cultivation device for cleaning domestic sludge compost and substrate thereof
CN113716244A (en) * 2021-06-24 2021-11-30 哈尔滨理工大学 Kitchen garbage can
CN114208616A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-03-22 西南林业大学 Organic planting method for gastrodia elata
CN116058252A (en) * 2023-03-09 2023-05-05 惠州护地农科有限公司 Preparation method of soil improvement matrix

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