CN111344336A - 空气管理系统的构件和氟橡胶组合物 - Google Patents
空气管理系统的构件和氟橡胶组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111344336A CN111344336A CN201880072710.1A CN201880072710A CN111344336A CN 111344336 A CN111344336 A CN 111344336A CN 201880072710 A CN201880072710 A CN 201880072710A CN 111344336 A CN111344336 A CN 111344336A
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- fluororubber
- crosslinking
- management system
- air management
- mass
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Abstract
本发明的目的在于提供一种空气管理系统的构件,其在维持过氧化物交联体系的氟橡胶的高耐酸性的同时,与硅橡胶良好地粘接。本发明涉及一种空气管理系统的构件,其特征在于,其具有将氟橡胶组合物交联而得到的交联氟橡胶层,该氟橡胶组合物包含能够进行过氧化物交联的氟橡胶和水滑石类。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及空气管理系统的构件和氟橡胶组合物。
背景技术
对于空气管理系统的构件、例如构成一般的发动机(汽车、船舶、建筑机械等)所附带的空气过滤器、涡轮增压器、中间冷却器、进气歧管、废气再循环冷却器等的构件,要求具有高温环境下的耐热性,为了应对这种要求特性,已开发出各种橡胶材料。例如,从耐热性的方面出发,采用氟橡胶、硅橡胶、丙烯酸类橡胶或它们的组合,还已知氟橡胶与氟树脂的聚合物合金。
专利文献1中公开了一种空气管理系统,其包含将氟橡胶组合物交联而得到的成型体,该氟橡胶组合物包含能够进行多元醇交联的氟橡胶和水滑石类。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2017-95592号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
本发明的目的在于提供一种空气管理系统的构件,其在维持过氧化物交联体系的氟橡胶的高耐酸性的同时,与硅橡胶良好地粘接。
用于解决课题的手段
本发明人对耐酸性和对于硅橡胶的粘接性进行了研究,结果发现,若在过氧化物交联体系的氟橡胶组合物中混配水滑石类,可维持耐酸性,而且对硅橡胶具有良好的粘接性,由此完成了本发明。
即,本发明涉及一种空气管理系统的构件,其特征在于,其具有将氟橡胶组合物交联而得到的交联氟橡胶层,该氟橡胶组合物包含能够进行过氧化物交联的氟橡胶和水滑石类。
上述空气管理系统的构件优选仅由上述交联氟橡胶层构成,另外,更优选为上述交联氟橡胶层与包含硅橡胶的橡胶层的层积体。
混配到氟橡胶组合物中的水滑石类优选为通式(1)所表示的化合物。
[(M1 2+)1-xM3+ x(OH)2]x+[An- x/n·mH2O]x- (1)
(式中,M1 2+为2价金属离子,M3+为3价金属离子,An-为n价阴离子,x为满足0<x<0.5的数,m为满足0≤m的数。)
通式(1)中的M1 2+优选为Mg2+和/或Zn2+,M3+优选为Al3+,An-优选为CO3 2-。
混配到氟橡胶组合物中的水滑石类的含量相对于氟橡胶100质量份优选为0.1质量份~30质量份。
本发明的空气管理系统的构件优选用于涡轮增压器软管或废气再循环软管。
另外,本发明涉及一种用于上述空气管理系统的构件的氟橡胶组合物,其包含能够进行过氧化物交联的氟橡胶和水滑石类。
发明的效果
本发明的空气管理系统的构件包含将氟橡胶组合物交联而得到的交联氟橡胶层,该氟橡胶组合物包含能够进行过氧化物交联的氟橡胶和水滑石类,因此在维持高耐酸性的同时,具有对于硅橡胶的高粘接性。
具体实施方式
本发明的空气管理系统的构件的特征在于,其包含将氟橡胶组合物交联而得到的交联氟橡胶层,该氟橡胶组合物包含能够进行过氧化物交联的氟橡胶和水滑石类。另外,本发明的氟橡胶组合物的特征在于,其包含能够进行过氧化物交联的氟橡胶和水滑石类,其用于上述空气管理系统的构件。上述交联氟橡胶层优选为与包含硅橡胶的橡胶层的层积体。
空气管理系统在其内部循环气体,例如可以举出一般的发动机(汽车、船舶、建筑机械等)所附带的空气过滤器、涡轮增压器、中间冷却器、进气歧管以及废气再循环冷却器等。
空气管理系统的构件是构成空气管理系统的构件,还包括与空气管理系统直接连接的构件。例如,可以举出风管、涡轮增压器软管、EGR(废气再循环)软管和密封件、中间冷却器的软管和密封件、进气歧管密封件、氧传感器的软管和密封件、其他传感器的软管和密封件等。使用空气管理系统的构件的环境温度没有特别限定,优选100℃~200℃,更优选100℃~150℃。
作为在空气管理系统的内部循环的气体,认为是选自由NOx、SOx以及汽油的燃烧气体中包含的有机酸组成的组中的至少一种,特别认为是汽油的燃烧气体中包含的有机酸。作为汽油的燃烧气体中包含的有机酸,可以举出HCOOH、CH3COOH等。循环气体为这些酸的情况下,耐酸性得到改善。本发明的空气管理系统的构件特别有用。因此,本发明中的空气管理系统的构件是上述气体进行循环的空气管理系统的构件,例如,更优选为选自由涡轮增压器软管和EGR软管组成的组中的至少一种。从耐热性的方面出发,特别是作为EGR(废气再循环)软管或密封材料特别有用。
本发明的空气管理系统的构件优选为涡轮增压器软管。涡轮系统为下述系统:将来自发动机的废气送至涡轮而使其旋转,由此开动与涡轮连结的压缩器,提高供给到发动机的空气的压缩比,提高输出。利用发动机的废气且获得高输出的该涡轮系统还与发动机的小型化、汽车的低油耗和废气净化有关。涡轮增压器软管作为用于将压缩空气送入发动机的软管被用于涡轮系统。为了有效利用发动机室的狭窄空间,挠性、柔软性优异的橡胶制的软管是有利的,典型地采用将耐热老化性及耐油性优异的橡胶(特别是氟橡胶)层作为内层、将硅橡胶或丙烯酸类橡胶作为外层的多层结构的软管。但是,在涡轮系统的内部循环的气体为冷凝性的酸性气体,因此要求具有优异的耐酸性。对于本发明的空气管理系统的构件来说,除了氟橡胶具有的耐热老化性、耐油性以外,进一步具有优异的耐酸性,因此作为涡轮增压器软管特别有用。
另外,本发明的空气管理系统的构件也优选为EGR(废气再循环)软管或密封材料。EGR(废气再循环)软管被用作在废气再循环冷却器中使用的软管。对于在废气再循环冷却器中使用的软管来说,挠性、柔软性优异的橡胶制的软管是有利的,并且耐热老化性也优异的氟橡胶是优选的。但是,由于在废气再循环冷却器的内部循环的气体为冷凝性的酸性气体,因此要求EGR软管具有优异的耐酸性。本发明的空气管理系统的构件除了具有氟橡胶所具有的耐热老化性以外,进一步具有优异的耐酸性,因此作为EGR软管特别有用。
本发明的空气管理系统的构件包含将氟橡胶组合物交联而得到的交联氟橡胶层,该氟橡胶组合物包含能够进行过氧化物交联的氟橡胶和水滑石类。能够进行过氧化物交联的氟橡胶难以与其他材料粘接,特别是与硅橡胶的粘接性大幅劣化,但通过使用包含水滑石类的氟橡胶组合物,能够在维持高耐酸性的同时,大幅改善对于硅橡胶的粘接性。
例如,尽管不涉及空气管理系统的构件,但在日本再公表2003/039858号公报中提出了下述方案:为了提高能够进行过氧化物交联的氟橡胶的粘接力,添加氧化镁等金属氧化物,由此改善粘接性。但是,并不专门用于空气管理系统,也未暗示耐酸性的问题。因此,虽然通过混配金属氧化物使粘接性得到改善,但耐酸性降低,同时对于硅橡胶的粘接性也无法充分令人满意,无法用于空气管理系统的构件。
另外,在日本特表2006-513304号公报中公开了一种燃料管理系统,其包含将氟橡胶组合物交联而得到的成型体,该氟橡胶组合物包含能够进行过氧化物交联的氟橡胶和水滑石类,但该公开专门用于燃料管理系统,仅研究了氟橡胶对于生物柴油燃料的溶胀性,也未研究对于硅橡胶的粘接性。
本发明的空气管理系统的构件可以仅由上述交联氟橡胶层构成,也可以为上述交联氟橡胶层与包含硅橡胶的橡胶层的层积体,另外,还可以为上述交联氟橡胶层、包含硅橡胶的橡胶层、以及包含其他材料的层的层积体,优选包括至少交联氟橡胶层与包含硅橡胶的橡胶层的层积体。作为包含其他材料的层,以各种橡胶层为首,可以具有包含热塑性树脂的层、各种纤维增强层、金属箔层等。
作为热塑性树脂,优选为包含选自由氟树脂、聚酰胺系树脂、聚烯烃系树脂、聚酯系树脂、聚乙烯醇系树脂、聚氯乙烯系树脂、聚苯硫醚系树脂组成的组中的至少一种的热塑性树脂,更优选为包含选自由氟树脂、聚酰胺系树脂、聚乙烯醇系树脂、聚苯硫醚系树脂组成的组中的至少一种的热塑性树脂。
作为硅橡胶,若示例出聚有机硅氧烷的市售品(商品名)和含有聚有机硅氧烷的市售品(商品名),则如下所述。
Wacker Asahikasei Silicone公司制造
ELASTOSIL EL 1000系列、ELASTOSIL EL 4000系列、ELASTOSIL EL 3000系列、ELASTOSIL EL 7000系列、ELASTOSIL R401系列等;
Dow Corning Toray公司制造
SH800系列、SH50系列、SH70系列、SH700系列、SE4000系列、SE1000系列、SH500系列、SE6000系列、SH80系列、SRX400系列、DY32-400系列、DY32-500系列、DY32-1000系列、DY32-7000系列、DY32-4000系列等;
信越化学工业公司制造信越有机硅公司制造胶料
KE-600系列、KE-900系列、KE-9000系列、KE-700系列、KE-800系列、KE-5590-U、KE-500系列等;
KE-655-U、KE-675-U、KE-931-U、KE-941-U、KE-951-U、KE-961-U、KE-971-U、KE-981-U、KE-961T-U、KE-971T-U、KE-871C-U、KE-9410-U、KE-9510-U、KE-9610-U、KE-9710-U、KE-742-U、KE-752-U、KE-762-U、KE-772-U、KE-782-U、KE-850-U、KE-870-U、KE-880-U、KE-890-U、KE-9590-U、KE-5590-U、KE-552-U、KE-552DU、KE-582-U、KE-552B-U、KE-555-U、KE-575-U、KE-541-U、KE-551-U、KE-561-U、KE-571-U、KE-581-U、KE-520-U、KE-530B-2-U、KE-540B-2-U、KE-1551-U、KE-1571-U、KE-153-U、KE-174-U、KE-3601SB-U、KE-3711-U、KE-3801M-U、KE-5612G-U、KE-5620BLU、KE-5620W-U、KE-5634-U、KE-7511-U、KE-7611-U、KE-7711-U、KE-765-U、KE-785-U、KE-7008-U、KE-7005-U、KE-503-U、KE-5042-U、KE-505-U、KE-6801-U、KE-136Y-U、X-30-4084-U、X-30-3888-U、X-30-4079-U等。
作为硅橡胶,可以举出:能够进行过氧化物交联的聚有机硅氧烷;以铂化合物作为催化剂并通过其加成反应使其固化的聚有机硅氧烷等,由于能够应用与上述氟橡胶相同的交联体系,因而优选能够进行过氧化物交联的聚有机硅氧烷。
另外,在制作多层结构的软管时,可以根据需要对将能够进行过氧化物交联的氟橡胶组合物交联而得到的交联氟橡胶层、或该交联氟橡胶层与包含硅橡胶的橡胶层的层积体进行表面处理。作为该表面处理,只要是能够进行粘接的处理方法,则对其种类没有特别限制,可以举出例如等离子体放电处理或电晕放电处理等放电处理、湿式法的金属钠/萘液处理等。另外,作为表面处理,也优选底层涂料处理。底层涂料处理可以依照常规方法进行。在实施底层涂料处理的情况下,可以对未进行表面处理的氟橡胶的表面进行处理,但预先实施等离子体放电处理、电晕放电处理、金属钠/萘液处理等后进一步进行底层涂料处理则更有效果。
作为本发明中使用的水滑石类,没有特别限定,从容易获得的方面出发,更优选为通式(1)所表示的化合物。
[(M1 2+)1-xM3+ x(OH)2]x+[An- x/n·mH2O]x- (1)
(式中,M1 2+为2价金属离子,M3+为3价金属离子,An-为n价阴离子,x为满足0<x<0.5的数,m为满足0≤m的数)。作为水滑石类,可以为天然品,也可以为合成品。
M1 2+表示2价金属离子,可以举出例如Mg2+、Mn2+、Fe2+、Co2+、Ni2+、Cu2+或Zn2+。这些之中,从能够容易获得的方面出发,优选Mg2+和/或Zn2+。
M3+表示3价金属离子,可以举出例如Al3+、Fe3+、Cr3+、Co3+或In3+。这些之中,从能够容易获得的方面出发,优选Al3+。
An-表示n价阴离子,可以举出例如OH-、F-、Cl-、Br-、NO3 -、CO3 2-、SO4 2-、Fe(CN)6 3-、CH3COO-、草酸根离子或水杨酸根离子。这些之中,从能够容易获得的方面出发,优选CO3 2-。
特别优选上述通式(1)中的M1 2+为Mg2+和/或Zn2+,M3+为Al3+,An-为CO3 2-。
x为满足0<x<0.5的数,优选为满足0.2≤x≤0.4的数,更优选为满足0.2≤x≤0.33的数。若x为该范围,则水滑石的生成稳定。
m为满足0≤m的数,优选为满足0≤m≤1的数。
水滑石类是通式(1)所示的非计量化合物,这些之中,从获得容易的方面出发,优选为选自由Mg6Al2(OH)16CO3·4H2O、Mg4.5Al2(OH)13CO3·mH2O(0≤m)、Mg4Al2(OH)12CO3·3.5H2O、Mg5Al2(OH)14CO3·4H2O、Mg3Al2(OH)10CO3·1.7H2O和Mg3ZnAl2(OH)12CO3·mH2O(0≤m)组成的组中的1种以上的化合物,更优选Mg6Al2(OH)16CO3·4H2O、Mg4.5Al2(OH)13CO3·3.5H2O、Mg3ZnAl2(OH)12CO3·mH2O(0<m)。
在氟橡胶组合物中,水滑石类的含量相对于能够进行过氧化物交联的氟橡胶100质量份优选为0.1质量份~30质量份,更优选为0.5质量份~10质量份,进一步优选为1质量份~6质量份,特别优选为2质量份~4质量份。水滑石的含量小于0.1质量份时,与硅橡胶的粘接性能降低;超过30质量份时,橡胶的混炼变得困难,成型品的硬度上升,氟橡胶组合物的门尼粘度上升,具有难以成型的倾向。
本发明中使用的能够进行过氧化物交联的氟橡胶只要是具有能够进行过氧化物交联的部位的氟橡胶即可,可以举出非全氟氟橡胶。
作为非全氟氟橡胶,可以举出偏二氟乙烯(以下记为VdF)系氟橡胶、四氟乙烯(以下记为TFE)/丙烯系氟橡胶、TFE/丙烯/VdF系氟橡胶、乙烯/六氟丙烯(以下记为HFP)系氟橡胶、乙烯/HFP/VdF系氟橡胶、乙烯/HFP/TFE系氟橡胶、氟硅系氟橡胶、或氟磷腈系氟橡胶等,它们可以分别单独使用,或者在无损本发明效果的范围内任意组合使用。
作为VdF系氟橡胶,优选下述通式(2)所表示的物质。
-(M1)-(M2)-(N1)- (2)
(式中,结构单元M1是来自VdF(m1)的结构单元,结构单元M2是来自含氟烯键式单体(m2)的结构单元,结构单元N1是来自能够与单体(m1)和单体(m2)共聚的单体(n1)的重复单元。)
在通式(2)所示的VdF系氟橡胶中,优选包含结构单元M1 30摩尔%~85摩尔%、结构单元M2 50摩尔%~20摩尔%,更优选包含结构单元M1 50摩尔%~80摩尔%、结构单元M255摩尔%~15摩尔%。结构单元N1相对于结构单元M1与结构单元M2的总量优选为0~20摩尔%。
作为含氟烯键式单体(m2),能够利用1种或2种以上的单体,可以举出例如TFE、三氟氯乙烯(以下记为CTFE)、三氟乙烯、HFP、三氟丙烯、四氟丙烯、五氟丙烯、三氟丁烯、四氟异丁烯、全氟(烷基乙烯基醚)(以下记为PAVE)、氟乙烯、2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯等含氟单体,它们之中,优选TFE、HFP。
作为单体(n1),只要能够与单体(m1)和单体(m2)共聚就可以为任意的单体,可以举出例如乙烯、丙烯、烷基乙烯基醚等。另外,作为单体(n1),优选提供交联部位的单体。作为这种提供交联部位的单体,可以举出通式(3)所表示的含碘或溴的单体、通式(4)所表示的单体、通式(5)所表示的单体等,
CY1 2=CY1-Rf 1CHR1X1 (3)
(式中,Y1为氢原子、氟原子或-CH3,Rf 1为氟代亚烷基、全氟亚烷基、氟代多氧化亚烷基或全氟多氧化亚烷基,该氟代亚烷基、全氟亚烷基中可以包含醚键性氧原子,R1为氢原子或-CH3,X1为碘原子或溴原子)
CF2=CFO(CF2CF(CF3)O)m(CF2)n-X2 (4)
(式中,m为0~5的整数,n为1~3的整数,X2为氰基、羧基、烷氧羰基、溴原子或碘原子)
CH2=CH(CF2)pI (5)
(式中,p为1~10的整数)
可以举出例如日本特公平5-63482号公报、日本特开平7-316234号公报中记载的全氟(6,6-二氢-6-碘-3-氧杂-1-己烯)或全氟(5-碘-3-氧杂-1-戊烯)等含碘单体、日本特开平4-217936号公报中记载的CF2=CFOCF2CF2CH2I等含碘单体、日本特开昭61-55138号公报中记载的4-碘-3,3,4,4-四氟-1-丁烯等含碘单体、日本特表平4-505341号公报中记载的含溴单体、日本特表平4-505345号公报、日本特表平5-500070号公报中记载的含氰基单体、含羧基单体、含烷氧羰基的单体等。它们可以分别单独使用或任意组合使用。
该碘原子、溴原子、氰基、羧基、烷氧羰基能够作为交联点发挥功能。
作为这样的VdF系氟橡胶,具体而言,优选可以举出VdF/HFP系橡胶、VdF/HFP/TFE系橡胶、VdF/PAVE系橡胶、VdF/TFE/PAVE系橡胶、VdF/HFP/PAVE系橡胶、VdF/HFP/TFE/PAVE系橡胶、VdF/CTFE系橡胶、VdF/CTFE/TFE系橡胶等,可以举出VdF/HFP系橡胶、VdF/HFP/TFE系橡胶、VdF/PAVE系橡胶、VdF/TFE/PAVE系橡胶、VdF/HFP/PAVE系橡胶、VdF/HFP/TFE/PAVE系橡胶、VdF/2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯系橡胶、VdF/2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯/TFE系橡胶、VdF/2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯/PAVE系橡胶等,更优选VdF/HFP系橡胶、VdF/HFP/TFE系橡胶。
VdF/HFP系橡胶中,VdF/HFP的组成优选为45~85/55~15摩尔%、更优选为50~80/50~20摩尔%、进一步优选为60~80/40~20摩尔%。
VdF/HFP/TFE系橡胶中,VdF/HFP/TFE的组成优选为40~80/10~35/10~35摩尔%。
作为TFE/丙烯系氟橡胶,优选下述通式(6)所表示的物质。
-(M3)-(M4)-(N2)- (6)
(式中,结构单元M3是来自TFE(m3)的结构单元,结构单元M4是来自丙烯(m4)的结构单元,结构单元N2是来自能够与单体(m3)和单体(m4)共聚的单体(n2)的重复单元)
在通式(6)所示的TFE/丙烯系氟橡胶中,优选包含结构单元M3 40摩尔%~70摩尔%、结构单元M4 60摩尔%~30摩尔%,更优选包含结构单元M3 50摩尔%~60摩尔%、结构单元M4 50摩尔%~40摩尔%。结构单元N2相对于结构单元M3与结构单元M4的总量优选为0~40摩尔%。
作为单体(n2),只要能够与单体(m3)和单体(m4)共聚就可以为任意的单体,优选为提供交联部位的单体。例如,可以举出VdF、乙烯等。
氟橡胶可以通过在聚合时使用链转移剂而获得。作为上述链转移剂,可以使用溴化合物或碘化合物。作为使用溴化合物或碘化合物进行的聚合方法,可以举出例如下述方法:在实质上无氧状态下,在溴化合物或碘化合物的存在下,一边加压一边在水介质中进行乳液聚合(碘转移聚合法)。作为所使用的溴化合物或碘化合物的代表例,可以举出例如通式:
R2IxBry
(式中,x和y分别为0~2的整数并且满足1≤x+y≤2,R2是碳原子数为1~16的饱和或不饱和的氟代烃基或氯氟烃基、或者碳原子数为1~3的烃基,可以包含氧原子)所表示的化合物。通过使用溴化合物或碘化合物,碘或溴被导入聚合物中,作为交联点发挥功能。
作为碘化合物,可以举出例如1,3-二碘全氟丙烷、2-碘全氟丙烷、1,3-二碘-2-氯全氟丙烷、1,4-二碘全氟丁烷、1,5-二碘-2,4-二氯全氟戊烷、1,6-二碘全氟己烷、1,8-二碘全氟辛烷、1,12-二碘全氟十二烷、1,16-二碘全氟十六烷、二碘甲烷、1,2-二碘乙烷、1,3-二碘正丙烷、CF2Br2、BrCF2CF2Br、CF3CFBrCF2Br、CFClBr2、BrCF2CFClBr、CFBrClCFClBr、BrCF2CF2CF2Br、BrCF2CFBrOCF3、1-溴-2-碘全氟乙烷、1-溴-3-碘全氟丙烷、1-溴-4-碘全氟丁烷、2-溴-3-碘全氟丁烷、3-溴-4-碘全氟-1-丁烯、2-溴-4-碘全氟-1-丁烯、苯的单碘单溴取代体、二碘单溴取代体、以及(2-碘乙基)和(2-溴乙基)取代体等,这些化合物可以单独使用,也可以相互组合使用。这些之中,从聚合反应性、交联反应性、获得容易性等方面出发,优选使用1,4-二碘全氟丁烷、1,6-二碘全氟己烷、2-碘全氟丙烷。
氟橡胶的含氟量优选为64质量%以上,上限可以为85质量%。氟橡胶的含碘量优选为0.001质量%~10质量%、更优选为0.01质量%以上、进一步优选为0.1质量%以上、更优选为5质量%以下。
本发明中使用的氟橡胶组合物优选在能够进行过氧化物交联的氟橡胶中混配交联剂和共交联剂。
作为交联剂,只要是通常在过氧化物交联中使用的交联剂就没有特别限定,通常,优选在热或氧化还原体系的存在下容易产生过氧自由基的交联剂。具体而言,可以举出1,1-双(叔丁基过氧基)-3,5,5-三甲基环己烷、2,5-二甲基己烷-2,5-二氢过氧化物、二叔丁基过氧化物、叔丁基枯基过氧化物、二枯基过氧化物、α,α’-双(叔丁基过氧基)对二异丙苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-双(叔丁基过氧基)己烷、2,5-二甲基-2,5-双(叔丁基过氧基)-3-己炔、过氧化苯甲酰、叔丁基过氧化苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(过氧化苯甲酰)己烷、过氧化马来酸叔丁酯、过氧化异丙基碳酸叔丁酯等。这些之中,优选二烷基型的物质。通常,考虑活性-O-O-的量、分解温度等来选择过氧化物的种类以及用量。
作为共交联剂,可以举出氰尿酸三烯丙酯、异氰脲酸三烯丙酯(TAIC)、1,3,5-三丙烯酰基六氢-1,3,5-三嗪、偏苯三酸三烯丙酯、N,N’-间亚苯基双马来酰亚胺、对苯二甲酸二炔丙酯、邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯、四烯丙基对苯二甲酰胺、磷酸三烯丙酯等。这些之中,从交联性、交联物的物性的方面出发,优选异氰脲酸三烯丙酯(TAIC)。
作为交联剂的混配量,相对于氟橡胶100质量份,优选为0.05质量份~10质量份、更优选为1.0质量份~5质量份。交联剂小于0.05质量份时,氟橡胶的交联未充分进行,难以获得成型物;超过10质量份时,具有所得到的交联用组合物的硬度变得过高的倾向。
作为共交联剂的混配量,相对于氟橡胶100质量份,优选为0.1质量份~10质量份、更优选为0.5质量份~5质量份。共交联剂小于0.1质量份时,氟橡胶的交联未充分进行,难以获得成型物;超过10质量份时,具有所得到的交联用组合物的成型加工性降低的倾向。
另外,本发明中使用的氟橡胶组合物可以混配根据需要混配在氟橡胶组合物中的通常的添加物、例如填充剂(炭黑、硫酸钡等)、加工助剂(蜡等)、增塑剂、着色剂、稳定剂、粘接助剂、脱模剂、导电性赋予剂、导热性赋予剂、赋粘剂、表面非粘合剂、柔软性赋予剂、耐热性改善剂、阻燃剂等各种添加剂,可以混配1种或2种以上与上述不同的常用的交联剂、交联促进剂。例如,作为炭黑,平均粒径优选为100nm以上、更优选为150nm以上。作为炭黑等填充剂的含量,没有特别限定,相对于能够进行过氧化物交联的氟橡胶100质量份优选为0~150质量份、更优选为1质量份~100质量份、进一步优选为2质量份~50质量份。
本发明中使用的氟橡胶组合物通过利用通常使用的橡胶混炼装置对氟橡胶、水滑石类、过氧化物系交联剂、共交联剂、根据需要的填充材料等其他混配剂进行混炼而得到。作为橡胶混炼装置,可以使用辊、捏合机、班伯里混炼机、密炼机、双螺杆挤出机等。
另外,作为使上述氟橡胶组合物进行交联的方法,当然可以为压制交联、蒸汽交联、加热交联等通常使用的方法,也可以在常压、加压、减压下,并且也可以在空气中,在任何条件下进行交联反应。作为交联条件,根据所使用的交联剂等的种类适当决定即可,通常在150℃~300℃的温度下进行1分钟~24小时加热。在压制交联、蒸汽交联的情况下,优选在150℃~180℃的温度下进行,交联时间至少进行至交联时间T90的时间为止即可,例如为1分钟~2小时。在之后(进行了压制交联或蒸汽交联后)的加热交联的情况下,优选在170℃~250℃的温度下进行,但不是必须进行,加热交联的交联时间例如优选为0~48小时。可以为仅由将本发明的氟橡胶组合物交联而得到的氟橡胶交联物构成的单层结构的软管,也可以为与其他层的层积结构的多层软管。
实施例
接下来,举出实施例对本发明进行说明,但本发明并不仅限定于所述实施例。
<含氟量>
通过计算,由利用19F-NMR测定的氟橡胶的组成求出。
<含碘量>
在氟橡胶12mg中混合5mg的Na2SO3,使用将Na2CO3和K2CO3以1比1(质量比)混合而成的30mg物质溶解在纯水20ml中而成的吸收液,在石英制的烧瓶中,在氧中使其燃烧,放置30分钟后,利用岛津20A离子色谱进行测定。作为校正曲线,使用KI标准溶液、包含碘离子0.5ppm的溶液和包含碘离子1.0ppm的溶液。
实施例和比较例中使用的材料如下所示。
氟橡胶(1):三元氟橡胶(VDF/HFP/TFE共聚物、含氟量70.5质量%、含碘量0.23质量%)
氟橡胶(2):二元氟橡胶(VDF/HFP共聚物、含氟量66质量%、含碘量0.18质量%)
炭黑:N990
TAIC:异氰脲酸三烯丙酯
交联剂:2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(叔丁基过氧基)己烷
水滑石(1):Mg4.5Al2(OH)13CO3·AH2O
水滑石(2):Mg3.5Zn0.5Al2(OH)12CO3·BH2O
氧化镁:特级试剂
制造例1
相对于硅橡胶(商品名:KE-551u、信越化学工业株式会社制造)100质量份,添加N990炭黑10质量份、硫化剂(商品名:C-23N、信越化学工业株式会社制造、稀释过氧化物)1质量份,在20℃下用开炼机混合10分钟,由此得到硅橡胶组合物。将所得到的硅橡胶组合物用开炼机压出,得到厚度约2.5mm的未交联硅橡胶片。
实施例1~5和比较例1~4
以表1中记载的混配量来混配表1所示的各成分,利用辊,通过通常的方法以30℃~50℃进行混炼,制备出氟橡胶组合物。将所得到的氟橡胶组合物用开炼机成型,得到厚度约2.5mm的未交联氟橡胶片。
将未交联氟橡胶片和未交联硅橡胶片重叠并进行压制交联成型,进行一次交联,之后,使用热烘箱进行二次交联,制作出氟橡胶层和硅橡胶层被交联粘接而成的层积体。一次交联的条件为160℃、10分钟,二次交联的条件为180℃、4小时。
使用所得到的氟橡胶组合物,利用下述方法测定交联特性和常态物性、耐酸试验,使用所得到的层积体,利用下述方法测定了剥离试验。其结果示于表1。
<硫化特性>
使用实施例和比较例中制造的氟橡胶组合物,通过RPA测定160℃的交联度,测定了最低扭矩(minS’)、最高扭矩(maxS’)、T10(交联度为10%的时间)、T50(交联度为50%的时间)、T90(交联度为90%的时间)。
<常态物性>
使用实施例和比较例中制造的氟橡胶组合物,通过压制交联(一次交联条件160℃、10分钟、二次交联条件180℃、4小时)制作厚度2mm的片,使用A&D公司制造的TensilonRTG-1310,依照JIS K6251测定了100%模量(M100)、断裂强度(Tb)、断裂伸长率(Eb)。试验速度为500mm/分钟。
<硬度>
使用实施例和比较例中制造的氟橡胶组合物,通过压制交联(一次交联条件160℃、10分钟、二次交联条件180℃、4小时)制作厚度2mm的片,利用这些片,依照JIS-K6253使用A型硬度计测定硬度。测定值为峰值。
<耐酸试验>
使用实施例和比较例中制造的氟橡胶组合物,通过压制交联(一次交联条件160℃、10分钟、二次交联条件180℃、4小时)制作厚度2mm的片,在有机酸、无机酸混合试验液体中于90℃浸渍168小时后,进行了体积溶胀率(变化率)的测定。由浸渍前后的比重和重量求出体积溶胀率。
耐酸试验中使用的混合试验液的pH=1.7和3.0,其各成分的浓度如下所述。
(pH=1.7)
HNO3:50ppm
H2SO4:1500ppm
HCOOH:5000ppm
CH3COOH:1500ppm
HCl:10ppm
(pH=3.0)
HNO3:200ppm
H2SO4:25ppm
HCOOH:200ppm
CH3COOH:200ppm
HCl:15ppm
<剥离试验>
由实施例和比较例中得到的层积体切割出试验片,使用A&D公司制造的TensilonRTG-1310,以剥离速度50mm/min进行了剥离试验。试验温度为23℃、100℃、150℃,试验片宽度为25mm,剥离强度以N/cm表示。在任一种橡胶断裂的情况下,称为材料破坏,在未达到材料破坏的情况下、即所有橡胶均未断裂而剥落的情况下,作为界面剥离状态。
[表1]
若如比较例2和4所示那样混配氧化镁,与不含氧化镁的比较例1和3相比,对于硅酮的粘接力提高,但对于酸溶液的耐酸性大幅降低。另一方面,若代替氧化镁而混配水滑石,如实施例1~5所示,与氧化镁相比粘接性提高,进而耐酸性大幅提高。
工业实用性
在本发明的空气管理系统的构件中,由于过氧化物交联体系的氟橡胶组合物含有水滑石类,因此可以提供一种在维持耐酸性的同时与硅橡胶良好粘接的空气管理系统的构件。
Claims (7)
1.一种空气管理系统的构件,其特征在于,其具有将氟橡胶组合物交联而得到的交联氟橡胶层,该氟橡胶组合物包含能够进行过氧化物交联的氟橡胶和水滑石类。
2.如权利要求1所述的空气管理系统的构件,其特征在于,所述交联氟橡胶层是与包含硅橡胶的橡胶层的层积体。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的空气管理系统的构件,其中,水滑石类为通式(1)所表示的化合物,
[(M1 2+)1-xM3+ x(OH)2]x+[An- x/n·mH2O]x- (1)
式中,M1 2+为2价金属离子,M3+为3价金属离子,An-为n价阴离子,x为满足0<x<0.5的数,m为满足0≤m的数。
4.如权利要求1~3中任一项所述的空气管理系统的构件,其中,通式(1)中的M1 2+为Mg2+和/或Zn2+,M3+为Al3+,An-为CO3 2-。
5.如权利要求1~4中任一项所述的空气管理系统的构件,其中,相对于氟橡胶100质量份,水滑石类的含量为0.1质量份~30质量份。
6.如权利要求1~5中任一项所述的空气管理系统的构件,其中,该构件用于涡轮增压器软管或废气再循环软管。
7.一种氟橡胶组合物,其用于权利要求1~6中任一项所述的空气管理系统的构件,该组合物包含能够进行过氧化物交联的氟橡胶和水滑石类。
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CN111344336B (zh) | 2023-10-13 |
US20200392323A1 (en) | 2020-12-17 |
JPWO2019098062A1 (ja) | 2021-01-07 |
EP3696212A1 (en) | 2020-08-19 |
WO2019098062A1 (ja) | 2019-05-23 |
JP7014975B2 (ja) | 2022-02-15 |
EP3696212A4 (en) | 2021-07-14 |
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