CN111319328A - 一种舒适性抑菌可降解排汗服面料及其染色工艺 - Google Patents

一种舒适性抑菌可降解排汗服面料及其染色工艺 Download PDF

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CN111319328A
CN111319328A CN202010175344.1A CN202010175344A CN111319328A CN 111319328 A CN111319328 A CN 111319328A CN 202010175344 A CN202010175344 A CN 202010175344A CN 111319328 A CN111319328 A CN 111319328A
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fabric
sweat
fiber
polylactic acid
degradable
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黄春燕
王正球
戴永军
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Toray Sakai (nantong)
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/16—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dispersed, e.g. acetate, dyestuffs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/82—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres
    • D06P3/8204—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature
    • D06P3/8214—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature mixtures of fibres containing ester and amide groups
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    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/82—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres
    • D06P3/8204—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature
    • D06P3/8276—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature mixtures of fibres containing ester groups
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • B32B2307/7145—Rot proof, resistant to bacteria, mildew, mould, fungi
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种舒适性抑菌可降解排汗服面料及其染色工艺，所述面料为针织或梭织面料，包括表层和里层，通过组织纹理相互连接在一起，所述表层为聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维或阳离子纤维；所述里层为聚乳酸经过纺丝得到的长纤或短纤维纱或含有聚乳酸成分的长纤或短纤维。本发明通过新型纤维的使用，进一步提升吸汗功能，而且除了使面料具有自动调节汗液功能外，还具有抑菌防螨功能，更甚至于制得一块环保再生可降解的功能能够面料。本发明选用聚乳酸PLA代替PP来解决后整理染色困难的问题。并且，本发明中的聚乳酸PLA除了运用它的防螨虫功能外，还通过运用它的低吸水的功能以及单侧吸水加工来实现汗液调节的功能。

Description

一种舒适性抑菌可降解排汗服面料及其染色工艺
技术领域
本发明属于纺织面料领域，具体涉及一种舒适性抑菌可降解排汗服面料及其染色工艺。
背景技术
人体舒适性面料越来越受广大消费者的追求。特别是在人体出汗的情况下，一款可以自动调节肌肤面干爽度的并具有抑菌功能的面料，将是一大趋势。但市面上的具有自动调节汗液功能的面料，几乎都是运用吸水或发水纱或单纯通过组织构造或运用PP的疏水功能或通过后整理工艺开发的吸水速干或单吸单防单向导湿功能的面料，只具备吸水速干或单向导湿的单一功能，并且对组织要求高，光依赖原纱本身性能实现该功能的效果也不强大，通过后整理的话耐久性不佳。
目前聚乳酸PLA运用在纺织领域的也只是运用了它的防螨虫效果。另外有很多单向导湿的面料是运用PP的低吸水性来实现的，但是PP素材的染色性不佳。
发明内容
发明目的：为了解决现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种舒适性抑菌可降解排汗服面料及其染色工艺。
技术方案：一种舒适性抑菌可降解排汗服面料，所述面料为针织或梭织面料，包括表层和里层，通过组织纹理相互连接在一起，所述表层为聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维或阳离子纤维；所述里层为聚乳酸经过纺丝得到的长纤或短纤维纱或含有聚乳酸成分的长纤或短纤维,以聚乳酸切片为原料，通过熔融纺丝、拉伸两步法得到聚乳酸纤维。
作为优化：所述面料具有至少两层结构。
作为优化：所述表层使用可降解的聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维或是可降解的阳离子时，该面料可在土壤或海水中微生物的作用下可以分解为CO2和H2O。
作为优化：所述面料若表层和里层都比较平整的话，表层的粗细小于里纱。
作为优化：所述面料若表层的密度大于里层的密度时，表、里纱的粗细不作要求。
作为优化：所述聚乳酸的成分含量大于等于40％。
作为优化：所述面料的吸水速干性在60s内水分含量5％以下，里层保水率小于等于10％。
所述的舒适性抑菌可降解排汗服面料的染色工艺，染料如下：阴离子分散剂0～5.0g/L，非离子表面活性剂0～5.0g/L，分散染料浓度0～6.0％owf，染色酸0～5.0g/L，浴比1：3～50；所述面料的染色温度为80℃-125℃，时间为10-90min，染色中需加入阴离子分散剂和非离子表面活性剂来提高PLA的染色性。
有益效果：本发明通过新型纤维的使用，进一步提升吸汗功能，而且除了使面料具有自动调节汗液功能外，还具有抑菌防螨功能，更甚至于制得一块环保再生可降解的功能能够面料。短纤面料的后整理工艺为精炼→染色→清洗→焙烘→柔软处理→烘干→定型，长丝面料的后整理工艺为开幅→预定型→精炼→染色→焙烘→柔软处理→烘干→定型。所制得的面料由于含有聚乳酸成分，面料具有永久性抗螨虫功能，另外利用聚乳酸本身所具备的可降解性，面料还具有环保功能。另外搭配本发明的织物组织结构设计以及后加工整理工艺，面料还具有永久性的排汗功能。
本发明选用聚乳酸PLA代替PP来解决后整理染色困难的问题。并且，本发明中的聚乳酸PLA除了运用它的防螨虫功能外，还通过运用它的低吸水的功能以及单侧吸水加工来实现汗液调节的功能。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，以使本领域的技术人员能够更好的理解本发明的优点和特征，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚的界定。本发明所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例，基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例
如图1所示，一种舒适性抑菌可降解排汗服面料，所述面料包括针、梭织所有面料结构，特征如下：
1.本发明的面料为双层或是三层结构，通过组织纹理相互连接在一起。
2.表层可为聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维或阳离子纤维，里层为PLA(聚乳酸)经过纺丝得到的长纤或短纤维纱或含有PLA成分的长纤或短纤维。所述表层使用可降解的聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维或是可降解的阳离子时，该面料可在土壤或海水中微生物的作用下可以分解为CO2和H2O。所述里层聚乳酸的成分含量大于等于40％。
3.该双层面料若两面都比较平整的话，表层的粗细小于里纱。若该双层面料表面的密度大于里面密度时，表、里纱的粗细不作要求。
4.所述面料的吸水速干性在60s内水分含量5％以下，里层保水率小于等于10％。
本发明的舒适性抑菌可降解排汗服面料的染色工艺，阴离子分散剂0～5.0g/L，非离子表面活性剂0～5.0g/L，分散染料浓度0～6.0％owf，染色酸0～5.0g/L，浴比1：3～50。所述面料的染色温度为80℃-125℃，时间为10-90min，染色中需加入阴离子分散剂和非离子表面活性剂来提高PLA的染色性。
本发明制备出的面料的相关性能测试如下：
(1)吸湿性(GB法)
①吸水率(％)≥200
面料10cm*10cm称重W1，调湿24h，在水中完全浸湿。晾起来自然滴水，2水滴之间间隔达到30秒称重W2。
吸水率(％)＝(W2-W1)/W1；
W1：干布重量；
W2：湿布重量。
②滴水扩散时间(S)≤3
0.2mL的水距布面1cm滴下去，秒表计时，直至水完全扩散并渗透织物内部所需的时间。
③芯吸高度(mm)≥100
30*2.5cm经纬向悬挂，尾部浸泡在水中30min，30min后测量水的爬高度。
(2)速干性
①蒸发速率(G/H)≥0.18
面料10cm*10cm称重W0，0.2mL的水距布面1cm滴下去。悬挂，每5分钟称重一次W1，一小时内达到原始布重OK。
②透湿量g/(m2·d)≥10000
直径7cm的面料称重与无水氯化钠放置吸湿2h，2h后称重计算透湿率。
(3)里面(反面)的保水率与表里保水率比
取lOcm*lOcm的样布3块，并取同样大小的滤纸6块，取同样大小的有机玻璃1块。在温度20℃、湿度65％的环境下，称取有机玻璃(W0)和样布的重量(W1)(保留小数点后三位)：
用注射器量取2cc的蒸馏水置于有机玻璃上，并将样布迅速置于水上，放置lmin后，称取吸水后样布的重量(W2)(保留小数点后三位)；
称量测试后有机玻璃和剩余蒸馏水的重量(W3)(保留小数点后三位)；称量吸水前两片滤纸的重量(W4、W5)(保留小数点后三位)；
将吸水后的样布放在此两片滤纸的中间，并在此上面放置500g的重物，放置lmin后，直接测量表面滤纸和里面滤纸的重量(W6、W7)(保留小数点后三位)；
通过以下公式计算出表里保水率比(保留小数点后一位)：
表面保水率(％)＝(W5-W4)/(W2-W1)×100；
里面保水率(％)＝(W7-W6)/(W5-W4)×100；
表里保水率比＝表面保水率(％)/里面保水率(％)；
W0：吸水前有机玻璃的重量(g)；
W1：吸水前的样布的重量(g)；
W2：吸水后的样布的重量(g)；
W3：吸水后有机玻璃和残留蒸榴水的重量(g)；
W4：吸水前表面滤纸的重量(g)；
W5：吸水后表面滤纸的重量(g)；
W6：吸水前里面的滤纸的重量(g)；
W7：吸水后里面的滤纸的重量(g)。
本发明通过新型纤维的使用，进一步提升吸汗功能，而且除了使面料具有自动调节汗液功能外，还具有抑菌防螨功能，更甚至于制得一块环保再生可降解的功能能够面料。短纤面料的后整理工艺为精炼→染色→清洗→焙烘→柔软处理→烘干→定型，长丝面料的后整理工艺为开幅→预定型→精炼→染色→焙烘→柔软处理→烘干→定型。所制得的面料由于含有聚乳酸成分，面料具有永久性抗螨虫功能，另外利用聚乳酸本身所具备的可降解性，面料还具有环保功能。另外搭配本发明的织物组织结构设计以及后加工整理工艺，面料还具有永久性的排汗功能。
本发明选用聚乳酸PLA代替PP来解决后整理染色困难的问题。并且，本发明中的聚乳酸PLA除了运用它的防螨虫功能外，还通过运用它的低吸水的功能以及单侧吸水加工来实现汗液调节的功能。

Claims (8)

1.一种舒适性抑菌可降解排汗服面料，其特征在于：所述面料为针织或梭织面料，包括表层和里层，通过组织纹理相互连接在一起，所述表层为聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维或阳离子纤维；所述里层为聚乳酸经过纺丝得到的长纤或短纤维纱或含有聚乳酸成分的长纤或短纤维,以聚乳酸切片为原料，通过熔融纺丝、拉伸两步法得到聚乳酸纤维。
2.根据权利要求1所述的舒适性抑菌可降解排汗服面料，其特征在于：所述面料具有至少两层结构。
3.根据权利要求1所述的舒适性抑菌可降解排汗服面料，其特征在于：所述表层使用可降解的聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维或是可降解的阳离子时，该面料可在土壤或海水中微生物的作用下可以分解为CO2和H2O。
4.根据权利要求1所述的舒适性抑菌可降解排汗服面料，其特征在于：所述面料若表层和里层都比较平整的话，表层的粗细小于里纱。
5.根据权利要求1所述的舒适性抑菌可降解排汗服面料，其特征在于：所述面料若表层的密度大于里层的密度时，表、里纱的粗细不作要求。
6.根据权利要求1所述的舒适性抑菌可降解排汗服面料，其特征在于：所述聚乳酸的成分含量大于等于40％。
7.根据权利要求1所述的舒适性抑菌可降解排汗服面料，其特征在于：所述面料的吸水速干性在60s内水分含量5％以下，里层保水率小于等于10％。
8.一种根据权利要求1所述的舒适性抑菌可降解排汗服面料的染色工艺，其特征在于：染料如下：阴离子分散剂0～5.0g/L，非离子表面活性剂0～5.0g/L，分散染料浓度0～6.0％owf，染色酸0～5.0g/L(PH值4～7.5)，浴比1：3～50；所述面料的染色温度为80℃-125℃，时间为10-90min，染色中需加入阴离子分散剂和非离子表面活性剂来提高PLA的染色性。
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Application publication date: 20200623