CN110499652A - 一种双层结构的吸湿排汗面料及其制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种双层结构的吸湿排汗面料及其制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN110499652A
CN110499652A CN201910761321.6A CN201910761321A CN110499652A CN 110499652 A CN110499652 A CN 110499652A CN 201910761321 A CN201910761321 A CN 201910761321A CN 110499652 A CN110499652 A CN 110499652A
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fabric
double
absorben perspiring
shell fabric
perspiring shell
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陈钇名
谢骏
施鹏
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Zhejiang Hamming Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种双层结构的吸湿排汗面料的制备工艺,属于纺织面料领域,包括以下制备步骤:将两组经纱和两组纬纱经织机织造,形成双层坯布;将织造好的双层坯布处理后,得到预处理面料;在预处理面料的表层静电喷涂疏水涂料,高温烘干后,冷却,打卷处理后,得到吸湿排汗面料;经纱采用涤棉混纺纱或醋酸丝,并将其作为支持面用作织物内表面,纬纱采用吸湿排汗纤维,将所述纬纱作为支持面用作织物外表面。本发明针对现有技术中的单层吸湿排汗面料强度不高,容易破损、多层面料排湿效果不理想以及外层面料不能及时将积压的水渍脱落等技术问题进行改进,本产品具有内侧柔软蓬松,能保持皮肤干燥舒适,无湿凉感,具有质轻、导湿、透气等性能。

Description

一种双层结构的吸湿排汗面料及其制备工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及新型纺织面料领域,尤其涉及一种双层结构的吸湿排汗面料及其制备工艺。
背景技术
目前天然纤维存在一定的局限性,当人体出汗时,纯棉织物虽然能够大量吸收汗液,但却不能及时将汗水排出散发到环境中,皮肤和服装内层紧贴,会产生冰凉、潮湿、摩擦、束缚的感觉,既不舒适,也不美观。天然纤维如棉花吸湿性虽好却不能及时导出汗液,化学纤维如普通涤纶纤维虽然输水性有较大优势,但吸湿性差,会使人体感觉闷热,降低服装产品的舒适感。随着纺织技术的高速发展,吸收排汗纤维也应运而生。吸湿排汗纤维通常具有较大比表面积的异形截面以及布满凹槽或激孔的表面,可以利用微细沟槽产生的毛细效应迅速吸收、传导皮肤表面的湿气与汗水。国内对吸湿排汗针织面料的研究开发较晚,初期开发的丝盖棉类似于国外以天然纤维为内衬的集层织物,随后尝试以棉纤维为外层,涤纶长丝为内层配置的棉盖涤织物,其导湿效果远远好于丝盖棉,目前国内外对吸湿排汗针织面料的研究思路大体一致,即针对异形截面纤维的研究开发。
虽然目前的单向导湿面料研究取得了一定的研究成果,能够通过内外表面纤维吸水性的差异形成毛细管效应进行导湿排汗,但是往往造成排到织物外表面的汗水造成积压,当织物内外压力趋于平衡时,织物内表面的汗水就不会进行向外单向排出。同时,织物外表面的汗水被织物外表面的亲水纤维进行润湿,造成织物外表面湿度很大,像被雨水淋湿过一样,穿起来也不舒服、美观。为此,本发明在现有技术的基础上,研究了一种双层结构的吸湿排汗面料,其不仅能够起到单向导湿排汗的作用,同时还能够将织物外层积压的水渍进行及时脱落。能够保持身体干爽、舒适,有利于运动过程中基体热平衡的调节,改善运动过程中的舒适性,提高穿着者的运动机能,降低热损伤的发生几率。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供了一种双层结构的吸湿排汗面料及其制备工艺以解决现有技术中的单层吸湿排汗面料强度不高,容易破损、多层面料排湿效果不理想以及外层面料不能及时将积压的水渍脱落等技术问题。
为解决以上技术问题,本发明公开了一种双层结构的吸湿排汗面料的制备工艺,包括以下制备步骤:
步骤一、双层坯布的制备
将两组经纱和两组纬纱经织机织造,并依次经过整经、上浆、穿筘、织造后形成双层坯布;
步骤二、坯布后整理
将织造好的双层坯布依次经过翻布、缝头、烧毛、退浆、水洗、烘干、柔软定型处理后,得到预处理面料;
步骤三、面料后处理
在预处理面料的表层静电喷涂疏水涂料,高温烘干后,冷却,打卷处理后,得到吸湿排汗面料;其中,经纱采用20~40s涤棉混纺纱或醋酸丝,并将其作为支持面用作织物内表面,纬纱采用50~80D吸湿排汗纤维,将纬纱作为支持面用作织物外表面。涤棉混纺纱既具有运动内衣的穿着舒适性,同时还具有一定的疏水性能,能够保证织物具有较好的柔软性以及强度;醋酸丝在所有化纤中最酷似真丝,回潮率低、弹性好、不易起皱,同时还具有较好的疏水性能。吸湿排汗纤维主要是利用纤维截面异形化(Y字形、十字形、W形和骨头形),其具有较高的比表面积,能产生很好的毛细管效应,具有十分优良的高导湿效果。
进一步的,为了更好的提高面料表层的疏水性能,向面料的表层喷涂疏水材料形成一层疏水层,疏水材料包括笼型聚倍半硅氧烷、纳米银、助剂、聚乙二醇和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,其中所述笼型聚倍半硅氧烷、纳米银、助剂、聚乙二醇和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的质量比为1.5~3:1:5:30~50:100。
进一步的,为了更好的将疏水材料与面料进行高温接枝,步骤三中在预处理面料的表层进行静电喷涂疏水涂料,在120~150℃下进行烘干,然后自然冷却至不超过50℃后,打卷处理。
进一步的,为了更好的起到毛细管效应,进行水分单向排湿,吸湿排汗纤维为异形高导湿纤维,异形高导湿纤维截面为扁十字形。
进一步的,助剂为抗氧化剂、凹凸棒土、乳化剂、石蜡、染料和光稳定剂。
进一步的,抗氧化剂为萘多酚或植酸,乳化剂为OP-10,染料为酞菁红、酞菁蓝、酞菁绿或偶氮红中的一种,光稳定剂为钙皂或锌皂。
进一步的,步骤二中是采用有机硅柔软剂进行定型处理,浴比为1:50-70。
同时,本发明还公开了一种双层结构的吸湿排汗面料,所述双层结构的吸湿排汗面料是采用以上制备工艺制得的。其中面料上的疏水材料层的厚度为30~50微米。
本发明公开了一种双层结构的吸湿排汗面料及其制备工艺,本发明针对现有技术中的单层吸湿排汗面料强度不高,容易破损、多层面料排湿效果不理想以及外层面料不能及时将积压的水渍脱落等技术问题进行改进,双层结构的吸湿排汗针织面料比单层面料有更卓越的服装生理卫生功能,同时可以更好地满足消费者对舒适性能的要求,内层采用与皮肤呈点、线局部接触的蜂窝网眼状组织结构,外层采用助于面料放湿、透气的网眼式凸纹等扩大表面积的结构形态,并通过合理配置原料和后整理工艺,利用导湿原理灯芯点芯吸效应或差动毛细效应开发出不同结构的单向导湿面料。本发明制得的面料具有内侧柔软蓬松,能保持皮肤干燥舒适,无湿凉感,具有质轻、导湿、透气等性能。在人体出汗时具有导湿快干性能,不出汗状态具有良好的服用舒适性。同时,由于外侧的疏水材料层,其能够使得水渍具有较大的接触角,使得水渍形成小水珠,在运动的过程中水渍便自然脱落,避免水渍堆积的现象发生。
附图说明
图1为异形高导湿纤维截面示意图;
图2为吸湿排汗面料截面示意图;
图3为吸湿面料结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的实施例作详细说明,本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1
实施例1公开了一种双层结构的吸湿排汗面料的制备工艺,包括以下制备步骤:
步骤一、双层坯布的制备
将两组经纱和两组纬纱经织机织造,并依次经过整经、上浆、穿筘、织造后形成双层坯布;其中,步骤一中在整经工序,采用机械式张力控制器,整经车速控制在150-180r/min,防止整经张力不匀,错绞的问题。上浆工序,浆料采用质量比为聚乙烯醇∶低粘淀粉∶变性淀粉∶LMA-95合成浆料∶抗静电剂∶浆纱油剂=5∶4∶2∶1∶1∶0.5的组分配制而成,浆槽温度80℃,车速控制在30-40m/min。
步骤二、坯布后整理
将织造好的双层坯布依次经过翻布、缝头、烧毛、退浆、水洗、烘干、柔软定型处理后,得到预处理面料;其中,在坯布柔软定型工序中坯布先烘干再上柔软剂,可防止上柔软剂不匀产生色花。柔软剂采用有机硅柔软剂进行定型处理,浴比为1:50-70。
步骤三、面料后处理
在预处理面料的表层进行静电喷涂疏水涂料,形成一层疏水材料层,疏水材料层的厚度为30~50微米。在150℃下进行烘干,然后自然冷却至不超过50℃后,打卷处理,得到吸湿排汗面料。
其中,经纱采用20s涤棉混纺纱,并将其作为支持面用作织物内表面1,如图2所示,纬纱采用50D吸湿排汗纤维,将纬纱作为支持面用作织物外表面2。经纱才用支数偏低的涤棉混纺纱,其纱线较粗,其能够更好的与外层面料进行毛细管效应;为了更好的提高面料表层的疏水性能,向面料的表层喷涂疏水材料形成一层疏水层3,疏水材料包括笼型聚倍半硅氧烷、纳米银、助剂、聚乙二醇和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,其中笼型聚倍半硅氧烷、纳米银、助剂、聚乙二醇和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的质量比为1.5:1:5:50:100。助剂中抗氧化剂萘多酚或植酸,10份、凹凸棒土,42份、乳化剂OP-10,20份、石蜡,20份、染料为酞菁红、酞菁蓝、酞菁绿或偶氮红中的一种,5份、光稳定剂为钙皂或锌皂,3份。疏水层中的笼型聚倍半硅氧烷、纳米银均具有较小的颗粒状结构,笼型聚倍半硅氧烷的三维尺寸一般在3nm左右,其核为类似SiO2的笼形结构无机纳米粒子,粒经为1.5nm,颗粒之间凹陷的部分充满着空气,因此,导致汗水在面料的附着力较少,大大增大了水渍与面料的接触角,使其不容易附着表面。同时,纳米银还能起到防菌、抑菌的效果,防止细菌在面料层中滋生,为了更好的起到毛细管效应,进行水分单向排湿,吸湿排汗纤维为异形高导湿纤维,异形高导湿纤维截面为扁十字形(如图1所示)。如图3所示,为了便于后期的面料裁剪加工,在面料的两侧边还分别开设有2-3厘米宽的包边区4,经过随机测试,面料表面的水渍接触角达到112°,起到了一般超疏水面料的效果,只需要稍微震动,水珠就会自然脱落。
实施例2
实施例2公开了一种双层结构的吸湿排汗面料的制备工艺,包括以下制备步骤:
步骤一、双层坯布的制备
将两组经纱和两组纬纱经织机织造,并依次经过整经、上浆、穿筘、织造后形成双层坯布;其中,步骤一中在整经工序,采用机械式张力控制器,整经车速控制在150-180r/min,防止整经张力不匀,错绞的问题。上浆工序,浆料采用质量比为聚乙烯醇∶低粘淀粉∶变性淀粉∶LMA-95合成浆料∶抗静电剂∶浆纱油剂=5∶4∶2∶1∶1∶0.5的组分配制而成,浆槽温度80℃,车速控制在30-40m/min。
步骤二、坯布后整理
将织造好的双层坯布依次经过翻布、缝头、烧毛、退浆、水洗、烘干、柔软定型处理后,得到预处理面料;其中,在坯布柔软定型工序中坯布先烘干再上柔软剂,可防止上柔软剂不匀产生色花。柔软剂采用有机硅柔软剂进行定型处理,浴比为1:50-70。
步骤三、面料后处理
在预处理面料的表层进行静电喷涂疏水涂料,形成一层疏水层,疏水材料层的厚度为30~50微米,然后将面料在120℃下进行烘干,然后自然冷却至不超过50℃后,打卷处理,得到吸湿排汗面料。
其中,经纱采用40s醋酸丝,并将其作为支持面用作织物内表面1,纬纱采用80D吸湿排汗纤维,将纬纱作为支持面用作织物外表面2。醋酸丝在所有化纤中最酷似真丝,回潮率低、弹性好、不易起皱,同时还具有较好的疏水性能。吸湿排汗纤维主要是利用纤维截面异形化,其具有较高的比表面积,能产生很好的毛细管效应。为了更好的提高面料表层的疏水性能,向面料的表层喷涂疏水材料形成一层疏水层3,疏水材料包括笼型聚倍半硅氧烷、纳米银、助剂、聚乙二醇和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,其中笼型聚倍半硅氧烷、纳米银、助剂、聚乙二醇和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的质量比为3:1:5:30:100。助剂中抗氧化剂萘多酚或植酸,10份、凹凸棒土,42份、乳化剂OP-10,20份、石蜡,20份、染料为酞菁红、酞菁蓝、酞菁绿或偶氮红中的一种,5份、光稳定剂为钙皂或锌皂,3份。为了更好的起到毛细管效应,进行水分单向排湿,吸湿排汗纤维为异形高导湿纤维,异形高导湿纤维截面为扁十字形。为了便于后期的面料裁剪加工,在面料的两侧边还分别开设有2-3厘米的包边区4。
对于双层吸湿排汗面料要求具有吸湿排汗,导湿快干的功能,其技术指标要求为:
透湿量:≥10000g/m2·d
透气率:≥146mm/s
为了达到以上技术指标的要求,经过反复调整双层针织面料的原料和结构并通过多次试验后,项目最终成果为双层结构的复合针织面料,正反两面分别采用两种原料,使内外层形成良好的导湿系统。将实施例1和实施例2中生产的面料各随机抽取2匹进行试验测试;
双层结构的吸湿排汗面料的吸湿排汗,导湿快干性能的相关参数的具体实验数据如下:
表1双层结构的吸湿排汗功能性针织面料透湿量和透气率测试结果
试样编码 透湿量(g/m<sup>2</sup>·d) 透气率(mm/s)
实施例1-1 11500 1343
实施例1-2 11950 1339
实施例2-1 11350 1320
实施例2-2 11800 1333
平均值 11650 1333.75
11650g/m2·d>10000g/m2·d
1333.75mm/s>>146mm/s
测试结果显示,该双层结构的吸湿排汗功能性针织面料透湿量和透气率满足吸湿排汗,导湿快干的功能。
下面对透湿性和透气性的测量进行说明:
吸湿法测试标准是GB/T 12704.1—2009《纺织品织物透湿性试验方法第1部分:吸湿法》,一般适用于厚度在10mm以内,且透湿率不大于29000g/(m2·24h)的织物。测试时,把盛有干燥剂并封以织物的透湿杯放置于规定温度和湿度的密封环境中,根据一定时间内透湿杯质量变化计算织物的透湿量指标。
透气性能是指空气透过织物的能力,是在规定的试验面积、压降和时间条件下,测试气体垂直通过试样的速率。测试标准采用GB/T5453—1997《纺织品织物透气性的测定》。
本试验研究使用的主要仪器包括透气仪、透湿仪、电子天平和烘箱,试剂使用到无水氯化钙,主要仪器为:
(1)YG461D数字式织物透气量仪。
(2)YG601-Ⅱ型电脑式织物透湿仪。
试验内容:
(1)透湿性测试
吸湿法测试环境为温度(38±2)℃,相对湿度(90±2)%,试验时间为1h,采用无水氯化钙为吸湿剂。依据GB/T 12704.1—2009《纺织品织物透湿性试验方法第1部分:吸湿法》的测试方法,对1—4试样进行吸湿法透湿性试验,获得透湿量结果。
(2)透气性测试
透气性能测试方法采用试验面积为20cm2,压降为100Pa的条件,依据GB/T5453—1997《纺织品织物透气性的测定》的方法,分别对1—4试样进行透气性能试验,获得透湿率结果。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其进行限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明所要求保护的技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种双层结构的吸湿排汗面料的制备工艺,其特征在于,包括以下制备步骤:
步骤一、双层坯布的制备
将两组经纱和两组纬纱经织机织造,并依次经过整经、上浆、穿筘、织造后形成双层坯布;
步骤二、坯布后整理
将织造好的双层坯布依次经过翻布、缝头、烧毛、退浆、水洗、烘干、柔软定型处理后,得到预处理面料;
步骤三、面料后处理
在预处理面料的表层静电喷涂疏水涂料,形成疏水材料层,高温烘干后,冷却,打卷处理后,得到吸湿排汗面料;
其中,所述经纱采用涤棉混纺纱或醋酸丝,并将其作为支持面用作织物内表面,所述纬纱采用吸湿排汗纤维,将所述纬纱作为支持面用作织物外表面。
2.如权利要求1所述的双层结构的吸湿排汗面料的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述疏水材料包括笼型聚倍半硅氧烷、纳米银、助剂、聚乙二醇和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,其中所述笼型聚倍半硅氧烷、纳米银、助剂、聚乙二醇和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的质量比为1.5~3:1:5:30~50:100。
3.如权利要求1所述的双层结构的吸湿排汗面料的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤三中在预处理面料的表层进行静电喷涂疏水涂料,在120~150℃下进行烘干,然后自然冷却至不超过50℃后,打卷处理。
4.如权利要求1所述的双层结构的吸湿排汗面料的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述吸湿排汗纤维为异形高导湿纤维,所述异形高导湿纤维截面为扁十字形。
5.如权利要求2所述的双层结构的吸湿排汗面料的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述助剂为抗氧化剂、凹凸棒土、乳化剂、石蜡、染料和光稳定剂。
6.如权利要求5所述的双层结构的吸湿排汗面料的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述抗氧化剂为萘多酚或植酸,所述乳化剂为OP-10,所述染料为酞菁红、酞菁蓝、酞菁绿或偶氮红中的一种,所述光稳定剂为钙皂或锌皂。
7.如权利要求1所述的双层结构的吸湿排汗面料的制备工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤二中是采用有机硅柔软剂进行定型处理,浴比为1:50-70。
8.如权利要求1所述的双层结构的吸湿排汗面料的制备工艺,其特征在于,经纱采用20~40s涤棉混纺纱或醋酸丝,所述纬纱采用50~80D吸湿排汗纤维。
9.一种采用如权利要求1-8任一所述的双层结构的吸湿排汗面料的制备工艺制得的吸湿排汗面料。
10.如权利要求9所述的吸湿排汗面料,其特征在于,所述疏水材料层的厚度为30~50微米。
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CN112140690A (zh) * 2020-09-28 2020-12-29 苏州经结纬面料科技有限公司 一种纺织面料制备装置及其制备方法
CN113878960A (zh) * 2021-09-17 2022-01-04 北京航空航天大学 双层纳米多孔功能面料及其制备方法
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112140690A (zh) * 2020-09-28 2020-12-29 苏州经结纬面料科技有限公司 一种纺织面料制备装置及其制备方法
CN113878960A (zh) * 2021-09-17 2022-01-04 北京航空航天大学 双层纳米多孔功能面料及其制备方法
CN114673009A (zh) * 2022-04-19 2022-06-28 南通摩登服装有限公司 一种抗静电纺织复合面料及其制备工艺
CN115161860A (zh) * 2022-07-13 2022-10-11 湖北际华针织有限公司 一种抗菌抗uv吸湿排汗涤棉网眼布织造染整工艺
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