CN111316858A

CN111316858A - Method for cultivating fungus on field living plant

Info

Publication number: CN111316858A
Application number: CN201811607211.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 于志萍
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-12-15
Filing date: 2018-12-15
Publication date: 2020-06-23

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating fungus on a field living plant, which comprises the following steps of selecting the living plant in the field; preparing a fungus planting chamber on a living plant; sterilizing, insect-preventing and insect-killing measures for a plant bacteria room; planting sporophore spore or artificial strain in the fungus planting chamber; culturing parasitic fungus on living plant, picking and harvesting. The invention discloses a method for cultivating bacteria on wild living plants, which is designed by investigating and researching life habits, ecological environments and biological characteristics of various wild bacteria parasitizing on plants and is suitable for areas with high forest coverage rate and more arbors and broad-leaved trees. Thereby solving the problems that: the disadvantages of the prior art for producing bacteria in greenhouses, chemical fertilizers and pesticides and basswood for forestation. The wild mushroom is cultivated on the wild living plant, the cost of the grown mushroom is low, the quality is high, the market demand is large, the economic benefit is obvious, and the method has popularization and application values.

Description

Method for cultivating fungus on field living plant

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fungus cultivation, in particular to a method for cultivating a fungus on a wild living plant.

Background

The cultivation history of Chinese medicinal and edible fungi is long, the types of the fungi are various, and the fungi are common: ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma sinense, Ganoderma capense, Hericium erinaceus, Russula sanguinea, Auricularia, Tremella, boletus and the like, have high medicinal and edible value, contain rich amino acid, and can reduce cholesterol and hypertension symptoms.

At present, the prior art in the field of fungus cultivation in China mainly adopts: greenhouse cultivation, under-forest cultivation and substitute cultivation, the cultivation material adopts straw, cotton seed hulls, bagasse, potato residue and other technologies for diversification, and the relatively mature technology is the basswood cultivation technology.

The prior art has the following defects: the cost is high due to the adoption of manual temperature and humidity control, the abuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides harms the medicinal and edible safety of consumers, a large amount of felled woods for basswood cultivation seriously damage the ecological environment, the cost for cultivating the fungi is quite high, the market price of the fungi is high, and the requirements of the public cannot be met.

The main technical characteristics and advantages of the invention are obvious: the cost of cultivating wild mushroom on living plants is low, and the mushroom quality is high. The invention can use the wild fungus spore to naturally grow the fungus in the wild environment, which is to protect, develop and utilize the wild fungus. For example: the method of the invention is used for collecting wild ganoderma spore parasitism and field living plant growth ganoderma, and the actual result is the cultivation of wild ganoderma.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for cultivating fungi on a wild living plant, which can solve the following problems: the disadvantages of the prior art for producing bacteria in greenhouses, chemical fertilizers and pesticides and basswood for forestation.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a living plant selected in the field; preparing a fungus planting chamber on a living plant; adopting disinfection insect prevention and killing measures in a plant chamber; planting sporophore spore or artificial strain in the fungus planting chamber; culturing parasitism fruiting body on living plant, and picking and harvesting the fungus.

Detailed Description

The invention is most suitable for popularization and application on arbors and broad-leaved trees. For example: the method can collect the spore powder of the wild mushroom to parasitize on the trees such as coconuts, rubber and the like in Hainan province with most wild mushrooms and good mushroom quality in China. The specific implementation mode is as follows:

selecting a tree with the age of more than or equal to 5-30 years, the diameter at breast height of more than or equal to 0.3 m, the rotten part of the bark of a trunk, which is more than or equal to 0.6 m away from the ground, and the thickness of the rotten part of the bark of the tree, which is more than or equal to 3 cm;

step two, manufacturing a fungus planting chamber, drilling fungus planting holes with the aperture of 1.8-2 cm, the hole depth of 3-4 cm and the hole distance of more than or equal to 20 cm in the horizontal direction and more than or equal to 20 cm in the vertical direction in the range that the trunk of the selected plant root is less than or equal to 0.6 m;

step three, disinfection insect prevention and disinsection measures: spraying 600 times of dipterex or 1000 times of Dimethoate on the ground around the trunk and within 1 meter of the radius of the trunk, and killing and preventing the invasion of pests such as termites, scarabs and the like;

step four, planting sporophore 'spore' or artificial strain of the fungus: spraying sterile purified water into the fungus planting chamber by using a sprayer, removing insecticidal liquid in the fungus planting chamber, planting artificial strains or spores into the fungus planting chamber, sealing the fungus planting chamber by using flour paste, and winding and sealing fungus planting holes by using a plastic adhesive tape to prevent rainwater from invading;

step five, culturing parasitic fungus, picking and harvesting: and after the fourth step is finished, within the temperature range of 18-35 ℃ to about 15 days, unfastening a plastic adhesive tape for sealing the bacteria planting holes, allowing hyphae to grow out of the bacteria planting chamber, spraying plant ash water on the exposed part of the bacteria cylinder, wherein the fixed-point stimulation, the fixed-point long handle, the piece opening and the bacteria cap growing are required to be carried out, forming the bacteria fruiting body, gradually and transversely extending and growing, spraying water for 1 time in the morning and at the evening on the bacteria fruiting body parasitic on living plants in sunny days, and picking and harvesting the fruiting body at the right time when the fruiting body grows to the commercial standard of the bacteria.

Fifthly, the invention has the main technical characteristics and advantages that:

is characterized in that: the invention is mainly characterized in that: the cultivation of the fungus on the living plant has novelty, creativity and applicability, is the discovery of nature protection, and the nature is a gift for human beings; the method is used for researching the nature utilization and returning the nature to human beings.

The advantages are that:

firstly, the fungus is cultivated on the living plants, and the sporocarps are parasitized on the living plants, so that the plants can be well absorbed to provide sufficient nutrition without applying fertilizers; the sporocarps are parasitized on living plants for natural growth, a greenhouse is not required to be built, the temperature, the sunlight, the moisture and the humidity are not required to be controlled, and the cost of bacteria generated by natural growth is low; the sporocarp grows in a natural environment and is good in ventilation, high in oxygen content, less in plant diseases and insect pests, generally free of pests and diseases, and the quality of fungus growing without pesticides is natural and good.

Secondly, the technical scheme of the design of the invention is convenient for technicians in the field to implement, and technicians in non-field can also implement the method after training, and particularly, the wild mushroom is cultivated on the wild living plant, so that the grown mushroom has low cost, high quality, large market demand, remarkable economic benefit and good popularization and application values.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating fungi on a live plant in the field is characterized in that: including selected living plants; the fungus planting chamber is made on a living plant; sterilizing, insect preventing and insect killing measures are taken in the fungus planting room; the fungus sporophore 'spore' or artificial strain is planted in the fungus planting chamber; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of cultivating parasitism fruiting bodies on living plants, picking and harvesting bacteria, and comprises the following steps:

step one, selecting a living plant according to the invention: the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the shape is characterized in that arbors and broad-leaved trees have the age of more than or equal to 5-30 years, the chest diameter is more than or equal to 0.3 m, the part of a trunk, which is more than or equal to 0.6 m away from the ground, of the bark is rotten, and the thickness of the rotten layer of the bark is more than or equal to 3 cm;

step two, the manufacturing of the fungus implanting chamber of claim 1, comprising: drilling fungus planting holes in the range of less than or equal to 0.6 m on the trunk of the selected plant root, wherein the hole diameter is 1.8-2 cm, the hole depth is 3-4 cm, the hole pitch is that the trunk is not less than 20 cm in the horizontal direction, and not less than 20 cm in the vertical direction;

step three, the disinfection insect control and disinsection measure of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and spraying 600 times of dipterex or 1000 times of Dimethoate on the ground around the trunk and within 1 meter of the radius of the trunk, and killing and preventing the invasion of pests such as termites, scarabs and the like.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising, after step three:

step four, the planting of the fruiting body "spore" or artificial strain of the fungus as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising: spraying sterile purified water into the fungus planting chamber by using a sprayer, removing insecticidal liquid in the fungus planting chamber, planting artificial strains or spores into the fungus planting chamber, sealing the fungus planting chamber by using flour paste, and winding and sealing fungus planting holes by using a plastic adhesive tape to prevent rainwater from invading;

step five, cultivating the fruiting body of the parasitic fungus and picking and harvesting the fungus according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and after the fourth step is finished, within the temperature range of 18-35 ℃ to about 15 days, unfastening a plastic adhesive tape for sealing the bacteria planting holes, allowing hyphae to grow out of the bacteria planting chamber, spraying plant ash water on the exposed part of the bacteria cylinder, wherein the fixed-point stimulation, the fixed-point long handle, the piece opening and the bacteria cap growing are required to be carried out, forming the bacteria fruiting body, gradually and transversely extending and growing, spraying water for 1 time in the morning and at the evening on the bacteria fruiting body parasitic on living plants in sunny days, and picking and harvesting the fruiting body at the right time when the fruiting body grows to the commercial standard of the bacteria.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the fungus is selected from the group consisting of fungi, polyporales, Hymenomycetes, and Basidiomycetes, and has the following biological characteristics: the wood-rotting fungi are used as nutrients, the wood-rotting fungi have strong decomposition and absorption capacity on complex organic substances such as lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and the like, and the bacteria mainly contain a plurality of enzymes such as cellulase, hemicellulase, carbohydrase, oxidase and the like, so that the complex organic substances can be decomposed and absorbed, and meanwhile, the elements such as potassium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus and the like of parasitic plants are absorbed; the suitable temperature is as follows: 18-35 ℃; proper moisture content: 33-48%; the pH value ph is 4-6.

4. The living plants and fungi of claims 1, 2 and 3, comprising: the living plants of the present invention include: arbors and broad-leaved trees such as coconut tree, areca nut tree, litchi tree, longan tree and pomegranate tree; the fungus material comprises: ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma sinense, Ganoderma capense, etc.