CN111296431A - Plant smoking agent for expelling insects and killing insects and use method thereof - Google Patents
Plant smoking agent for expelling insects and killing insects and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111296431A CN111296431A CN201911065157.1A CN201911065157A CN111296431A CN 111296431 A CN111296431 A CN 111296431A CN 201911065157 A CN201911065157 A CN 201911065157A CN 111296431 A CN111296431 A CN 111296431A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/18—Vapour or smoke emitting compositions with delayed or sustained release
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/20—Combustible or heat-generating compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a plant smoking agent for expelling insects and killing insects and a using method thereof. According to the weight ratio, 50 percent of dry sawdust, 3 percent of carbon powder, 43 percent of Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa whole plant powder, 3 percent of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 1 percent of corn starch are sieved by a 40-mesh sieve for later use; adding clear water accounting for 45% of the weight of the whole fumigant into all the raw materials except the hydroxyethyl cellulose, uniformly stirring, respectively adding commercially available aspergillus niger and trichoderma according to 1/1500 of the weight of the whole fumigant to prepare fermented materials, putting the fermented materials into a foam box, controlling the temperature to be 60 ℃, fermenting for 6-7 days at a high temperature, adding a hydroxyethyl cellulose solution into the fermented materials, and uniformly stirring to form a fumigant raw material; filling the raw materials of the fumigant into a mould by using a rubber hammer, and burying a section of commercially available mosquito incense at one corner of the mould to be used as a fumigant igniter; the fumigant is demoulded and air-dried, and can be used in 4 months at the end of spring in Jilin area and at the lowest temperature of more than 8 ℃ in a greenhouse, and can be used for at least 1 time every week in the early morning in cloudy or cloudy days, so that the harm of trialeurodes vaporariorum can be effectively prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a plant insect-expelling and insect-killing fumigant and a using method thereof, and relates to the field of pest control in greenhouses.
Background
Trialeurodes vaporariorum belongs to the family of hemiptera whitefly, is one of important pests of crops planted in a greenhouse, has a wide host range and damages hundreds of common plants such as vegetables, flowers, fruit trees, medicinal materials, pasture, tobacco and the like. The breeding capability is super strong, the wings of the adults are covered with the white wax powder and are not easy to bond with the liquid medicine, and the migration capability is strong, so that the pesticide can quickly roll up the soil after being sprayed, and the problem that the production person is very headache in the control of the trialeurodes vaporariorum in the greenhouse is caused for a long time. The fumigant has a good control effect on the trialeurodes vaporariorum, the components of the fumigant for controlling the trialeurodes vaporariorum in the market at present are mainly chemical agents, and the fumigant based on chemical pesticides such as isoprocarb has a good insect-repelling and insect-killing effect on the trialeurodes vaporariorum, but the problem of pesticide residue in agricultural and sideline products is emphasized more and more along with the healthy production of agricultural products, so that the pesticide products are required to be developed towards a direction of no toxicity and no residue. The aerosol with insect expelling and killing effects is developed on the basis of traditional Chinese medicinal plants, and is an important way for controlling the trialeurodes vaporariorum in the greenhouse.
Mirabilis himalaica (Stellera chamaejasme) is a plant of Mirabilis, its root is rich in rotenone, can be oxidized to precipitate dehydrorotenone and rotedione crystal which are toxic to insects, and has obvious effect of controlling whitefly. In chemical production, chemical substances in Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa are extracted by a chemical method and can be used as an insecticidal pesticide after secondary processing, which inevitably brings certain chemical pollution; meanwhile, the complicated extraction method of chemical components of the Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa is difficult to realize for farmers in first-line production; the method for igniting the smoking by using the Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa plant has limited insecticidal effect of chemical components in the Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa plant on the trialeurodes vaporariorum, only can play a role in driving off the trialeurodes vaporariorum for a short time through smoking, the trialeurodes vaporariorum can be turned to earth again after smoking is stopped, and the direct smoking effect of the Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa plant is limited. Therefore, the whole Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa is treated by a simple method, so that the Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa can achieve a good insecticidal effect similar to a rotenone chemical medicament on the basis of insect expelling, and the method has a high application value for controlling trialeurodes vaporariorum in greenhouses and healthily producing agricultural products.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to a plant insect-expelling and insect-killing fumigant and a using method thereof, belonging to the field of prevention and control of trialeurodes vaporariorum in greenhouses.
A plant fumigant for expelling insects and killing pests and a use method thereof are disclosed, the fumigant comprises the following components by weight: 45-50% of sawdust, 2-5% of carbon powder, 40-45% of Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa whole plant powder, 2-5% of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 1-3% of corn starch. Wherein, the preferred weight ratio of the fumigant is as follows: 50% of saw dust, 3% of carbon powder, 43% of whole Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa powder, 3% of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 1% of corn starch.
A fumigant for expelling parasite and killing insect on plant and its application method are provided. Respectively crushing dried sawdust and whole Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa plants by using a plant crusher, sieving with a 40-mesh sieve, sieving carbon powder and corn starch with a 40-mesh sieve, and purchasing commercially available hydroxyethyl cellulose, wherein the raw materials are prepared for later use; the components and the weight ratio of the fumigant are formulated as follows: 50% of saw dust, 3% of carbon powder, 43% of whole Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa powder, 3% of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 1% of corn starch, wherein the insect-expelling and insect-killing component is whole Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa powder and helpsThe fuel components are sawdust and carbon powder, and the adhesive is hydroxyethyl cellulose and corn starch; firstly, a clean plastic barrel is filled with clear water accounting for 45 percent of the weight of the smoking agent, and then the corn starch is gradually and uniformly added into the clear water and uniformly stirred; adding saw dust, carbon powder, Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa powder, and adding commercially available Aspergillus niger (effective viable count is not less than 1.0 × 10) according to 1/1500 of fumigant weight8cfu/g) and commercial Trichoderma (effective viable count ≥ 1.0 × 10)8cfu/g), and uniformly mixing to prepare a fermentation material; putting the mixture into a foam box, covering the foam box with a box cover, fermenting at normal temperature for 6-7 days, heating up within two days after adding the fermentation material at room temperature, uncovering the box cover every day, measuring the central temperature of the fermentation material by using a common needle type alcohol thermometer, controlling the fermentation temperature to be below 60 ℃, and turning over the fermentation material to reduce the temperature of the fermentation material if the fermentation temperature exceeds 60 ℃; fermenting for 6-7 days to promote the decomposition of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose in Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa plants and facilitate the separation of chemical insect-killing and insect-expelling components in Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa plants; the hydroxyethyl cellulose is added into clear water with the weight 10 times of the weight of the hydroxyethyl cellulose, the mixture is uniformly stirred into thin paste, the mixture is splashed into the fermentation material and uniformly stirred to form wet smoking agent raw materials, and the wet smoking agent raw materials are dried to be used as smoking agent finished products.
Preferably, the mosquito coil is embedded in one corner of one end of the fumigant mould as an igniter of the whole fumigant. Specifically, the wet smoking agent raw material is thrown into a mold with the length of 20cm, the width of 3-4 cm and the depth of 3-4 cm by using a rubber hammer, and a section of commercially available mosquito incense with the length of about 3cm is embedded into one end of the mold, which is attached to one corner of the interior of the mold, and is used as an ignition object of the whole smoking agent; and (3) drying the mold in the shade for 1 day in a ventilated and dry place, after the wet fumigant shrinks due to dehydration, slightly shoveling the wet fumigant out of the mold by using a blade to be demolded, placing the mold on an iron wire net with the diameter of a hole not more than 1.0cm, and naturally drying the ventilated and dry small place to obtain a finished product.
A plant insect expelling and killing fumigant and its application method, the prepared fumigant is used in the 4 month end greenhouse of spring in Jilin area with the lowest temperature above 8 deg.C, namely, the fumigant is used when the temperature reaches the development starting point of whitefly egg, thereby the population expansion can be inhibited to the maximum extent in the breeding initial stage of whitefly; the insect-expelling and insect-killing fumigant is used in cloudy days or in cloudy days, the air humidity is high, the flying of the whiteflies is not facilitated, and meanwhile, the good control effect can be achieved only by using the insect-expelling and insect-killing fumigant for at least 1 time every week.
According to the plant insect-expelling and insect-killing fumigant and the use method thereof, the release of the chemical substances of the whole Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa is promoted through high-temperature fermentation, the chemical substances are diffused into the air of the whole greenhouse by means of burning smoke, the insect-expelling and insect-killing effects are achieved, the plant insect-expelling and insect-killing fumigant is convenient for farmers to implement, and the requirements of healthy production of agricultural products in greenhouses are met.
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Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In 2018, in autumn, in a cucumber greenhouse in Linjiacun in Jingyue district of Changchun city, Jilin province, the fumigant is used for insect expelling and killing production test of trialeurodes vaporariorum. Respectively crushing the dried sawdust and the whole Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa plant by using a plant crusher, sieving by a 40-mesh sieve, sieving carbon powder and corn starch by a 40-mesh sieve, and purchasing commercially available hydroxyethyl cellulose, wherein the raw materials are prepared for later use; the components and the weight ratio of the fumigant are formulated as follows: 50% of sawdust, 3% of carbon powder, 43% of total Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa powder, 3% of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 1% of corn starch, wherein the insect-expelling and insect-killing component is the total Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa powder, the combustion-supporting component is the sawdust and the carbon powder, and the adhesive is the hydroxyethyl cellulose and the corn starch; firstly, a clean plastic barrel is filled with clear water accounting for 45 percent of the weight of the smoking agent, then the corn starch is gradually and uniformly added into the clear water and uniformly stirred, then the saw dust, the carbon powder and the whole Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa powder are respectively added, and according to 1/1500 of the weight of the smoking agent, the whole components are respectively addedAdding commercially available Aspergillus niger (effective viable count is more than or equal to 1.0 × 10)8cfu/g) and commercial Trichoderma (effective viable count ≥ 1.0 × 10)8cfu/g), and uniformly mixing to prepare a fermentation material; putting the mixture into a foam box, covering the foam box with a box cover, fermenting at normal temperature for 6-7 days, heating the mixture within two days after adding the fermentation material at normal temperature, uncovering the box cover every day, measuring the central temperature of the fermentation material by using a common needle type alcohol thermometer, controlling the fermentation temperature to be below 60 ℃, and turning the fermentation material in time to reduce the temperature of the fermentation material if the fermentation temperature exceeds 60 ℃; fermenting for 6-7 days to promote the decomposition of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose in the Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa plants and simultaneously promote the separation of chemical insect-killing and insect-expelling components in the Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa plants; the hydroxyethyl cellulose is added into clear water with the weight 10 times of the self weight, the mixture is evenly stirred into thin paste, and the thin paste is splashed into the fermentation material and evenly stirred to form a wet smoking agent raw material; the method comprises the following steps of (1) using a rubber hammer to throw wet smoking agent raw materials into a mold with the length of 20cm, the width of 3-4 cm and the depth of 3-4 cm, and embedding a section of commercially available mosquito incense with the length of about 3cm into one end of the mold, which is attached to one corner in the mold, so as to serve as an ignition object of the whole smoking agent; and (3) drying the mold in the shade for 1 day in a ventilated and dry place, after the wet fumigant shrinks due to dehydration, slightly shoveling the wet fumigant out of the mold by using a blade to be demolded, placing the mold on an iron wire net with the diameter of holes not more than 1.0cm, and naturally drying the ventilated and dry place for use.
When the lowest air temperature in a greenhouse at the end of 4 months in spring in Jilin areas is above 8 ℃, the positive-value whitefly eggs start to germinate and adults just start to grow, the eggs and the females can be killed when the whitefly eggs are used, the whitefly eggs are used for at least 1 time every week in the morning on cloudy or cloudy days, the females can be killed to the maximum when the air humidity is high in the morning and the whitefly adults cannot migrate, and therefore the number of live insects of the whitefly can be effectively controlled from the source.
Closing an air vent of the greenhouse at 6 am, spraying the greenhouse with clear water after a sprayer is filled with the clear water, and randomly investigating the number of live insects of the trialeurodes vaporariorum on 30 cucumber plants; then igniting the mosquito coil section at one side of the fumigant by using a lighter, and vertically placing or fixing the fumigant on the ground surface every 667m24-6 smoking cigarettes for greenhouseThe agent can keep the greenhouse closed for 2 hours, and can drive off and kill trialeurodes vaporariorum in the greenhouse. After 3 days of continuous use of the fumigant, the ventilation opening of the greenhouse was closed at 6 am on day 4, and the whole greenhouse was sprayed with clear water using a sprayer, and the number of live insects of trialeurodes vaporariorum on 30 cucumber plants was randomly investigated again. The test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 number of live trialeurodes vaporariorum before and after treatment
The average number of the live white flies on the cucumber plants treated by the insect-expelling and insecticidal fumigant is 3.46 per plant, which is far lower than 223.72 per plant before treatment, and the difference between treatments is very obvious (P is less than 0.01). The insect-expelling and insect-killing fumigant has extremely obvious effect on controlling the trialeurodes vaporariorum, and meets the general production requirement that the live insect number of the trialeurodes vaporariorum of a single plant does not exceed 10.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An insect-expelling and insect-killing fumigant is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 45-50% of sawdust, 2-5% of carbon powder, 40-45% of Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa whole plant powder, 2-5% of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 1-3% of corn starch.
2. The insect-repelling and insecticidal fumigant of claim 1, wherein the fumigant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50% of saw dust, 3% of carbon powder, 43% of whole Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa powder, 3% of hydroxyethyl cellulose and 1% of corn starch.
3. A method of preparing a pest-repellent insecticidal fumigant according to claim 1, wherein: pulverizing dried sawdust and whole plant of Mirabilis himalaica with plant pulverizer respectively, and sievingSieving with 40 mesh sieve, and sieving carbon powder and corn starch with 40 mesh sieve; firstly, a clean plastic barrel is filled with clear water accounting for 45 percent of the weight of the smoking agent, then the corn starch is gradually and uniformly added into the clear water and uniformly stirred, then the saw dust, the carbon powder and the whole Himalayan Mirabilis jalapa powder are added, and according to 1/1500 of the weight of the smoking agent, Aspergillus niger (the number of effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 1.0 multiplied by 10) is respectively added8cfu/g) and Trichoderma (effective viable count is more than or equal to 1.0 multiplied by 10)8cfu/g) are evenly mixed to prepare a fermentation material, the fermentation material is put into a foam box, a box cover is covered, and the fermentation material is fermented for 6 to 7 days at the central temperature of 60 ℃.
4. A process for preparing the fumigant as claimed in claim 3, wherein hydroxyethyl cellulose is added to clean water 10 times its weight, and then mixed uniformly to become paste, and then poured into fermented material.
5. A method for preparing the insect-repelling insecticidal fumigant according to claim 4, wherein the fermentation material moistened with the hydroxyethyl cellulose is thrown into a mold 20cm long, 3-4 cm wide and 3-4 cm deep by using a rubber hammer, and a section of mosquito coil of about 3cm long is buried at one end of the mold and attached to one corner of the mold; and (3) drying the mold in the shade for 1 day in a ventilated and dry place, after the wet fermented material shrinks due to dehydration, slightly shoveling the wet fermented material out of the mold by using a blade to be demolded, placing the mold on an iron wire net with the diameter of holes not more than 1.0cm, and air-drying the ventilated and dry place to obtain the finished fumigant.
6. The method of using a fumigant for insect repelling and killing according to claim 1, wherein the fumigant is used at a temperature of 8 ℃ or higher at the end of 4 months in spring in Jilin, i.e., the temperature reaches the starting point of development of whitefly eggs, and the fumigant can be used at least 1 time a week in the early morning on cloudy or cloudy days to achieve good control.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911065157.1A CN111296431A (en) | 2019-11-04 | 2019-11-04 | Plant smoking agent for expelling insects and killing insects and use method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911065157.1A CN111296431A (en) | 2019-11-04 | 2019-11-04 | Plant smoking agent for expelling insects and killing insects and use method thereof |
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Citations (6)
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| US4144318A (en) * | 1977-08-05 | 1979-03-13 | S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Mosquito coil composition and process for making the same |
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| CN107810954A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-03-20 | 成都彩虹电器（集团）股份有限公司 | A kind of white mosquito-repellent incense and preparation method thereof |
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2019
- 2019-11-04 CN CN201911065157.1A patent/CN111296431A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4144318A (en) * | 1977-08-05 | 1979-03-13 | S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Mosquito coil composition and process for making the same |
| CN87107278A (en) * | 1987-04-24 | 1988-11-09 | 大日本除虫菊株式会社 | Smoking insecticide and smoking method thereof |
| CN1206556A (en) * | 1997-07-24 | 1999-02-03 | 大日本除虫菊株式会社 | Smoking pesticide and smoking method |
| CN101874509A (en) * | 2010-04-16 | 2010-11-03 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | Hypatmism type acaricide |
| CN104798832A (en) * | 2015-04-06 | 2015-07-29 | 韩城市秦龙花椒科技有限责任公司 | Method for processing fumigating-killing type non-polluted pesticide smoke agent through compounding of Chinese herbal medicine plants |
| CN107810954A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-03-20 | 成都彩虹电器（集团）股份有限公司 | A kind of white mosquito-repellent incense and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 赵赫南等: "紫茉莉乙醇提取物对二斑叶螨生物酶活性的影响", 《沈阳大学学报（自然科学版）》 * |
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