CN111296190A - Method for intercropping okra and bletilla striata - Google Patents
Method for intercropping okra and bletilla striata Download PDFInfo
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- CN111296190A CN111296190A CN201911240591.9A CN201911240591A CN111296190A CN 111296190 A CN111296190 A CN 111296190A CN 201911240591 A CN201911240591 A CN 201911240591A CN 111296190 A CN111296190 A CN 111296190A
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The application discloses an okra and bletilla striata intercropping planting method, which comprises the steps of growing seedlings of okra in a greenhouse; planting the okra seedlings at a row spacing of 1.0 to 1.2 meters; turning soil and applying fertilizer, planting bletilla striata seed blocks among the okra according to the row spacing of 0.25-0.3 m; deinsectization and fertilization are carried out on the okra and the bletilla striata; harvesting okra; and harvesting the bletilla striata. The application provides an above-mentioned okra and bletilla striata intercropping planting method, can practice thrift land resource, reduce the planting cost, improve the production output of unit area soil, carry out the increase production synergy to crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to an okra and bletilla striata intercropping planting method.
Background
Okra, also known as okra and okra, is an annual herb of okra of the family malvaceae, is warm in nature, heat-resistant and cold-resistant, has seeds germinating and growing development at a moderate temperature of 25-30 ℃ and a moderate temperature of 26-28 ℃ in flowering and fruiting periods, and is eaten as tender and lubricated tender pods. The okra is rich in nutrition, 2.5g of protein, 660IU of vitamin A (International Unit), 0.2mg of vitamin B1, 44mg of vitamin C, 81mg of calcium, 63mg of phosphorus and 0.8mg of iron are contained in each 100g of tender pods, and the glutinous and slippery juice contained in the tender pods has the effects of invigorating stomach, moistening intestines, protecting liver and strengthening kidney. The okra has high economic value and edible value, is taken as a novel health-care vegetable, is listed in the best green food record of the new century by the countries such as the United states, the English, the French, the Japanese and the like, is praised as a national vegetable in the Philippines, and is taken as a preferred food for athletes in Africa and other countries.
Bletilla striata, named as desmodium, rhizoma nardostachyos, violet and the like, is a perennial herb of bletilla of the orchid family, is not only a medicinal material, but also a famous homologous plant of medicine and food. The bulb of bletilla striata is used as a medicine with mild property and bitter taste, and is often used as a sticky hemostatic agent in folks to tonify lung, promote granulation, eliminate phlegm, stop bleeding, treat hematemesis, lung disease, hemoptysis, chronic gastric ulcer and the like. The bletilla striata is warm-loving and damp-loving, is usually grown on mountain stream valley sides or under-forest wetlands, is not directly irradiated by sunlight and cold-resistant, is preferably grown on a shade slope or a relatively wet land, has the optimum growth temperature of 25-30 ℃, the relative air humidity of 60-70 percent, is not beneficial to growth of the bletilla striata when the temperature in summer is higher than 35 ℃ and the relative air humidity of more than 80 percent, is mainly distributed in Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Anhui, Jiangsu and the like, and is protected by being listed as International trade convention of endangered animal plant species as the wild natural resources of the bletilla striata are sharply reduced and endangered along with the continuous expansion of market demands in most areas in China.
The okra planting method in the prior art is characterized in that only one crop is planted in one land, and bletilla striata is planted in a mode of manually shading by a shading net, and the two planting methods have the advantages of single variety and convenience in management, but have the defects of low land utilization efficiency, waste of land resources, manpower and material resources and low economic benefit. The interplanting is an excellent traditional planting method in China, the three-dimensional planting area of the land can be increased by a reasonable interplanting mode, the production output of the soil in unit area is further increased, the method is an effective method for increasing yield and efficiency of crop production, and is an approach for saving and reducing consumption, but the prior case of interplanting okra and bletilla striata does not exist at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an okra and bletilla striata intercropping planting method, which can save land resources, reduce planting cost, improve the production output of soil in unit area, and increase the yield and efficiency of crops.
The invention provides an okra and bletilla striata intercropping planting method, which comprises the following steps:
seedling raising is carried out on the okra in a greenhouse;
planting the okra seedlings at a row spacing of 1.0 to 1.2 meters;
turning soil and applying fertilizer, planting bletilla striata seed blocks among the okra according to the row spacing of 0.25-0.3 m;
deinsectization and fertilization are carried out on the okra and the bletilla striata;
harvesting okra;
and harvesting the bletilla striata.
Preferably, in the above method for intercropping okra and bletilla striata, before the raising seedlings of okra in a greenhouse, the method further comprises:
selecting sandy soil rich in organic matter and having a pH of 6.5 to 7.5;
the soil was deep ploughed 35cm and leveled one year prior to planting.
Preferably, in the above method for intercropping okra and bletilla striata, before the raising seedlings of okra in a greenhouse, the method further comprises:
selecting okra varieties with plant height of 1.5-2.0m, shading rate of 75-85% and growth period identical to that of bletilla striata.
Preferably, in the method for intercropping okra and bletilla striata, the okra is cultivated in the middle and last 2 months per year.
Preferably, in the above method for intercropping okra and bletilla striata, the step of turning soil and applying fertilizer comprises the following steps of planting seed blocks of bletilla striata between the okra according to a row spacing of 0.25-0.3 m:
applying 2500kg of decomposed and fermented chicken manure into each mu of land, and turning the chicken manure into the soil to be used as a base fertilizer;
the width of the ridge-making surface is 1.2m, and the two sides of the ridge surface are lower than the working channel;
3 high ridges are arranged on the ridge surface, the height of each high ridge is 25cm, and the width of the bottom of each high ridge is 30 cm;
excavating planting holes on the high ridges according to the plant spacing of 30cm, the row spacing of 25 cm-30 cm and the depth of 10 cm;
planting 2 to 3 seed blocks of bletilla striata in each planting hole;
covering soil to keep the planting surface level, and pouring bottom water.
Preferably, in the above method for intercropping okra and bletilla striata, the disinsecting and fertilizing the okra and the bletilla striata comprises:
the bifenthrin or imidacloprid is used for removing aphids, and mancozeb or thiophanate methyl is used for preventing and treating spot diseases;
and applying decomposed chicken manure, microbial fertilizer or water flush compound fertilizer.
Preferably, in the above method for interplanting okra and bletilla striata, the harvesting of okra comprises:
with the results of okra, harvest was performed 1 time every 1 to 2 days.
Preferably, in the above method for intercropping okra and bletilla striata, the harvesting of bletilla striata comprises:
cutting off root tuber with buds as seed block after overground stem leaves wither;
cleaning the rest part with soil, removing fibrous root, and harvesting rhizoma Bletillae.
According to the above description, the method for the intercropping of the okra and the bletilla striata provided by the invention has the advantages that the okra is firstly cultivated in a greenhouse; then planting the okra seedlings at a row spacing of 1.0-1.2 meters; turning soil and applying fertilizer, and planting bletilla striata seed blocks among the okra according to the row spacing of 0.25-0.3 m; then, deinsectization and fertilization are carried out on the okra and the bletilla striata; harvesting okra; and finally, bletilla is harvested, so that the mode of intercropping bletilla striata and okra can be seen, the okra can provide a cool place for the bletilla striata, and the two plants can be mutually promoted, so that the land resource can be saved, the planting cost can be reduced, the production output of the soil in unit area can be improved, and the yield and the efficiency of crops can be increased.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an okra and bletilla striata intercropping method provided by the present application.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide an interplanting method of okra and bletilla striata, which can save land resources, reduce planting cost, improve the production output of soil in unit area and increase the yield and efficiency of crops.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an okra and bletilla striata intercropping method provided by the present application, and the method includes the following steps:
s1: seedling raising is carried out on the okra in a greenhouse;
specifically, the okra seedling may be preferably a strong seedling with 4 leaves and 1 heart in early spring, and may be preferably grown in late 2 months of the year.
S2: planting the okra seedlings at a row spacing of 1.0 to 1.2 meters;
specifically, the density can be planted according to 85% of the conventional planting amount of okra, the row spacing can be 1.0 to 1.2 meters, namely the distance between two adjacent rows of okra is 1.0 to 1.2 meters, the plant spacing is kept unchanged, and the shade-shading bletilla in the high-temperature and strong-light period is ensured.
S3: turning soil and applying fertilizer, planting bletilla striata seed blocks among the okra according to the row spacing of 0.25-0.3 m;
specifically, 3 to 4 rows of bletilla striata can be planted between two adjacent rows of okra, taking the row spacing of the okra of 1.0 meter as an example, and if the bletilla striata is planted at the interval of 0.25 meter, the row spacing of 1.0 meter can be divided into four parts with equal intervals, and the interval of 0.25 meter is also reserved between the adjacent bletilla striata and the okra, so that 3 rows of bletilla striata can be planted within the range of 1.0 meter. The full seed block without worm damage and mechanical damage and with 1-2 buds is preferentially selected as bletilla striata seedling, okra and bletilla striata are planted at intervals, namely commonly-known 'intercropping', and specifically the planting mode that two or more than two crops are planted at intervals in rows or zones on the same field in the same growth period is adopted, okra and bletilla striata are both medicinal and edible plants, namely, the okra and the bletilla striata can be used as both food and medicine and have higher requirements on quality, the intercropping planting mode is adopted, adverse effects on the other side cannot be caused in the fertilizing process, the growth of the bletilla striata needs illumination in the seedling period, the okra seedlings which are not long at the time do not influence each other, and the bletilla striata can be shaded by the okra which is grown enough high enough to keep moisture in the later growth period of the bletilla striata, especially in the high-temperature season of 5-8 months, the rhizome of bletilla expands and provides the condition of natural moist shade, promote its growth, and the three-dimensional planting area in soil has been improved, and then the output in unit area soil has been improved, the two can cooperate each other, mutually promote, in addition, the two can also carry out the sharing of fertile water resource, the okra adaptability to environment ability reinforce, tuber of hyacinth bletilla fertile water management process can satisfy the demand of okra completely, repeated the input of fertilizer has been reduced, so both protected the ecological environment, can solve the problem that pesticide chemical fertilizer remains and pollutes again, can also reduce the use of the net that shades, the input has been saved, greener is ecological, but not limited to adopt the mode planting as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Table of planting method of okra and bletilla striata by intercropping
S4: deinsectization and fertilization are carried out on the okra and the bletilla striata;
specifically, the method can be combined with the farming management of okra and bletilla striata, timely eliminates field weeds according to the principle of weeding early and weeding small, topdresses 2-3 times of fertilizers during the growth period of the field weeds, and in addition, the growth period management of the bletilla striata in the next year is as follows: in the middle and last ten days of 4 months, the bletilla striata sprouts again, 1800kg of 1:3 biogas slurry is applied to each mu after the seedlings are aligned, the interval is about 20-35 days according to rainfall conditions each time, and the biogas slurry is fertilizer fermented and purified by livestock and crop leftovers; the growth period management of the okra comprises the following steps: growing seedlings in a greenhouse in the last ten days of the month 2, and planting 4-5 leaves in the first ten days of the month 4 in time.
S5: harvesting okra;
specifically, in late 5 months of the next year, the okra is harvested 1 time every 1-2 days along with the fruiting of the okra, so that the commodity characters are improved, and the economic benefit is reduced due to the fact that the okra is prevented from being fiberized.
S6: and harvesting the bletilla striata.
Specifically, bletilla striata harvested for 3 years can be harvested after 10 middle of the month.
As can be seen from the above description, in the embodiments of the above method for intercropping okra and bletilla striata provided by the present application, okra is first grown in a greenhouse; then planting the okra seedlings at a row spacing of 1.0-1.2 meters; turning soil and applying fertilizer, and planting bletilla striata seed blocks among the okra according to the row spacing of 0.25-0.3 m; then, deinsectization and fertilization are carried out on the okra and the bletilla striata; harvesting okra; and finally, bletilla is harvested, so that the mode of intercropping bletilla striata and okra can be seen, the okra can provide a cool place for the bletilla striata, and the two plants can be mutually promoted, so that the land resource can be saved, the planting cost can be reduced, the production output of the soil in unit area can be improved, and the yield and the efficiency of crops can be increased.
In an embodiment of the above method for planting okra and bletilla striata in an intercropping manner, before the raising seedlings of okra in a greenhouse, the method further includes:
selecting sandy soil rich in organic matter and having a pH of 6.5 to 7.5;
the soil was deep ploughed 35cm and leveled one year prior to planting.
Specifically, sandy loam with deep soil layer, fertile and loose soil, good drainage and rich organic matters can be selected, the ploughing land is at least more than 25cm and can be 35cm, agricultural wastes are detected, the seeds are leveled and treated, 2500kg of decomposed fermented chicken manure is applied to each mu of land, the manure is turned into the soil to serve as a base fertilizer, the width of the whole land is 1.2m, the two sides of the land are slightly lower than a working channel, and okra is prepared; 3 ridges in the ridge surface are 25cm high and 30cm wide at the bottom, and bletilla striata is planted.
In another specific embodiment of the above method for interplanting okra and bletilla striata, before the raising seedlings of okra in a greenhouse, the method further comprises:
and selecting the okra variety with the plant height of 1.5-2.0m, the shading rate of 75-85% and the growth period of the okra variety in the same period as the bletilla striata, so that shading of the bletilla striata can be guaranteed in the last 6 th month to the last 8 th month, and a better growth environment is provided for the bletilla striata.
In another embodiment of the above method for intercropping okra and bletilla striata, the okra is cultivated in the middle and last 2 months of each year, so that 4-5 leaves in the last 4 months can be planted in time.
In a preferred embodiment of the above method for intercropping okra and bletilla striata, the step of turning soil and applying fertilizer, wherein the row spacing of 0.25 m to 0.3 m is adopted, and the planting of bletilla striata seed blocks between the okra can specifically comprise the following steps:
applying 2500kg of decomposed and fermented chicken manure into each mu of land, and turning the chicken manure into the soil to be used as a base fertilizer;
the width of a bed surface is 1.2m, two sides of the bed surface are lower than the working channel, the bed refers to a field which is orderly surrounded by ridges, and the bed is generally rectangular;
3 high ridges are arranged on the ridge surface, the height of each high ridge is 25cm, and the width of the bottom of each high ridge is 30 cm;
excavating planting holes on the high ridges according to the plant spacing of 30cm, the row spacing of 25 cm-30 cm and the depth of 10 cm;
planting 2 to 3 seed blocks of bletilla striata in each planting hole;
covering soil to keep the planting surface level, and watering the planting surface with bottom water which is enough to be watered.
In another preferred embodiment of the above method for interplanting okra and bletilla striata, the disinsecting and fertilizing the okra and the bletilla striata includes:
the bifenthrin or imidacloprid is used for removing aphids, and mancozeb or thiophanate methyl is used for preventing and treating spot diseases;
and applying decomposed chicken manure, microbial fertilizer or water flush compound fertilizer.
Specifically, the top dressing management can be carried out in the following modes: bletilla striata and okra are both favored to be fertilized, intertillage weeding is combined, and topdressing is carried out for 3-4 times every year: applying 20 kg/mu of microbial fertilizer to each mu after the bletilla is full of seedlings in the middle ten days of 4 months for the first time; when the okra grows rapidly in the last ten days of 5 months to the last ten days of 6 months, 20 kg/mu of water flush fertilizer N15-P15-K15 is applied per mu in combination with watering; in the middle and last ten days of 8 months for the third time, when the okra begins to age, 20 kg/mu of diammonium phosphate is applied to supplement sufficient nitrogen fertilizer. In addition, the following moisture management may be performed: okra likes light, has developed root system, and is drought-resistant and moisture-resistant; bletilla striata prefers yin and prefers dampness; keeping the soil moist among the bletilla striata ridges, watering for 1 time in 2-3 days in high-temperature summer, and draining water in time in rainy season to avoid rotten roots; the frequency of okra watering is 1/3 of the frequency of bletilla striata watering layer. In addition, the following pest control operations may also be performed: in the middle and last ten days of early spring 4 months, bifenthrin or imidacloprid is sprayed for 1-2 times to intensively prevent and control aphids, and mancozeb and monopotassium phosphate are sprayed in the last ten days of 9 months to protect leaves and reduce the occurrence of leaf spot.
On the basis of any one of the above embodiments of the method for interplanting okra and bletilla striata, further, the step of harvesting okra comprises:
harvesting the okra 1 time every 1 to 2 days with the result of the okra, and specifically, cutting off the mature okra with scissors.
On the basis of any one of the above embodiments of the method for interplanting okra and bletilla striata, further, the harvesting of bletilla striata may include:
cutting off root tuber with buds as seed block after overground stem leaves wither;
cleaning the rest part with soil, removing fibrous root, and harvesting rhizoma Bletillae.
Specifically, the bletilla striata is harvested after seedling dumping in the middle and last ten days of 10 months, soil is cleaned, fibrous roots are removed, and the bletilla striata is preserved.
In practice, in the okra-bletilla striata intercropping cultivation technology, the respective growth amounts and yields of the okra and the bletilla striata after intercropping are counted after 2 years, an intercropping scheme with the optimal yield is obtained, about 4000 plants are planted in each mu of bletilla striata, the 2-year per mu yield is improved by 15-20% compared with that of the conventional planting, 2200 kg per mu can be obtained in 2 years by 1100 plants in each mu of the okra, the quality of the bletilla striata is obviously improved, and the high-toxicity pesticide and chemical fertilizer pollution is avoided.
The above method is illustrated below in two practical examples:
the first example comprises the steps of:
(1) selecting soil: selecting sandy loam which has a deep soil layer, is fertile and loose, has good drainage and is rich in organic matters.
(2) Land preparation: deeply ploughing 35cm of land one year before planting, applying 2500kg of decomposed and fermented chicken manure per mu, and turning into the soil to serve as a base fertilizer; then planting okra, wherein the width of a furrow-making surface in the current year is 1.2m, and the two sides of the furrow surface are slightly lower than a working channel; 3 ridges in the ridge surface: planting rhizoma bletilla at height of 25cm and bottom width of 30 cm.
(3) Selecting okra interplanting varieties: the okra is selected from high-stem variety, the plant height is 1.5-2.0m, the shading rate is about 80%, and the normal growth period is basically the same as that of bletilla striata.
(4) Planting okra: seedling in the middle and late ten days of early spring 2 months in a greenhouse; planting at 4-5 leaves at 1 heart in the last ten days of 4 months, and planting at a row spacing of 1.2m according to the plant spacing of 50 cm.
(5) Planting and transplanting bletilla striata: digging planting holes on the high ridges of the planting ridge surface according to the plant spacing of 30cm and the row spacing of 30cm and the depth of 10cm, planting 2-3 seed blocks of bletilla striata on each planting hole, then covering soil to keep the planting surface level, and pouring enough bottom water.
(6) Weeding and fertilizing: combining the okra and bletilla striata farming management, and timely removing field weeds according to the principles of early weeding and small weeding; and (3) topdressing for 2-3 times during the growth period.
(7) And (3) pest control: and the temperature rises for 4 months, bifenthrin is selected to prevent and control the okra aphid, and mancozeb is selected to prevent and control the bletilla striata spot disease.
(8) And (3) fertilizer and water management: applying 20kg of microbial fertilizer per mu in combination with intertillage (particularly applying the microbial fertilizer between growth rows of bletilla striata); when the okra grows rapidly in the late 5 th to the early 6 th of the month, 20 kg/mu of water flush fertilizer N15-P15-K15 is applied per mu in combination with watering (balanced fertilization); in the middle and late ten days of 8 months for the third time, when the okra begins to age, 20 kg/mu of diammonium phosphate is applied to supplement sufficient nitrogen fertilizer (the okra planting rows are applied in an important way).
(9) And (3) managing the growth period of bletilla striata in the next year: in late middle and late ten days of 4 months, the bletilla striata re-emerges, about 1600kg of biogas slurry is applied to each mu after seedlings are aligned, and the interval is about 20-35 days according to rainfall conditions each time.
(10) And (3) the growth period management of okra in the next year: growing seedlings in the greenhouse in the last 2 months of the year, and planting in time when 4-5 leaves are in the first 4 months.
(11) Harvesting okra: harvesting 1 time every 1-2 days in the middle and last ten days of the month 5 along with the results of the okra; harvesting for 1 time every day in full bearing period, improving commodity character, avoiding fibrosis, and reducing economic benefit.
(12) Harvesting bletilla striata: harvesting bletilla striata for 3 years, after seedling is fallen in the middle and last ten days of 10 months, harvesting after overground stem leaves wither, cutting off tuberous roots with buds as seed blocks, cleaning soil of the rest parts, removing fibrous roots, and harvesting the bletilla striata.
A second example comprises the steps of:
(1) selecting soil: selecting soil with deep soil layer, rich and loose soil, good drainage and rich organic matters.
(2) Land preparation: deeply ploughing 30-35cm in land one year before planting, applying 2500kg of decomposed fermented edible fungus residues and crop straws to each mu of land, and turning the land into the land to serve as a base fertilizer; then planting okra, wherein the width of a furrow-making surface in the current year is 1.2m, and the two sides of the furrow surface are slightly lower than a working channel; 3 ridges in the ridge surface: planting rhizoma bletilla at height of 25cm and bottom width of 30 cm.
(3) Selecting okra interplanting varieties: the okra is selected from high-stem variety, the plant height is 1.5-2.0m, the shading rate is about 80%, and the normal growth period is basically the same as that of bletilla striata.
(4) Planting okra: mulching in the late 3 months of early spring to directly broadcast in open field; digging and sowing at plant spacing of 50cm and row spacing of 1.2m, sowing 2-3 seeds in each hole, and fixing seedlings when 4 leaves and 1 heart of the seedlings are grown.
(5) Planting and transplanting bletilla striata: digging planting holes on the high ridges of the planting ridge surface according to the plant spacing of 30cm and the row spacing of 30cm and the depth of 10cm, planting 2-3 seedlings of bletilla striata in each planting hole, exposing growth points of the bletilla striata, then covering soil to keep the planting surface level, and watering the bottom water.
(6) Weeding and fertilizing: combining the okra and bletilla striata farming management, and timely removing field weeds according to the principles of early weeding and small weeding; and (3) topdressing for 2-3 times during the growth period.
(7) And (3) pest control: and 4, increasing the temperature for 4 months, selecting thiamethoxam to prevent and treat the okra aphid, and selecting chlorothalonil to prevent the bletilla striata spot disease.
(8) And (3) fertilizer and water management: applying 20kg of microbial fertilizer per mu in combination with intertillage (particularly applying the microbial fertilizer between growth rows of bletilla striata); when the okra grows rapidly in the late 5 th to the early 6 th of the month, 20 kg/mu of water flush fertilizer N15-P15-K15 is applied per mu in combination with watering (balanced fertilization); in the middle and late ten days of 8 months for the third time, when the okra begins to age, monopotassium phosphate is sprayed on the leaf surfaces for 3-5 times to supplement sufficient nitrogen fertilizer (the okra planting rows are applied in an important mode).
(9) And (3) managing the growth period of bletilla striata in the next year: in late middle and late ten days of 4 months, the bletilla striata re-emerges, about 1600kg of biogas slurry is applied to each mu after seedlings are aligned, and the interval is about 20-35 days according to rainfall conditions each time.
(10) And (3) the growth period management of okra in the next year: growing seedlings in the greenhouse in the last 2 months of the year, and planting in time when 4-5 leaves are in the first 4 months.
(11) Harvesting okra: harvesting 1 time every 1-2 days in the middle and last ten days of the month 5 along with the results of the okra; harvesting for 1 time every day in full bearing period, improving commodity character, avoiding fibrosis, and reducing economic benefit.
(12) Harvesting bletilla striata: harvesting bletilla striata for 3 years, after seedling is fallen in the middle and last ten days of 10 months, harvesting after overground stem leaves wither, cutting off tuberous roots with buds as seed blocks, cleaning soil of the rest parts, removing fibrous roots, and harvesting the bletilla striata.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. An interplanting method of okra and bletilla striata is characterized by comprising the following steps:
seedling raising is carried out on the okra in a greenhouse;
planting the okra seedlings at a row spacing of 1.0 to 1.2 meters;
turning soil and applying fertilizer, planting bletilla striata seed blocks among the okra according to the row spacing of 0.25-0.3 m;
deinsectization and fertilization are carried out on the okra and the bletilla striata;
harvesting okra;
and harvesting the bletilla striata.
2. The method for interplanting okra and bletilla striata according to claim 1, wherein before the raising of okra seedlings in the greenhouse, the method further comprises:
selecting sandy soil rich in organic matter and having a pH of 6.5 to 7.5;
the soil was deep ploughed 35cm and leveled one year prior to planting.
3. The method for interplanting okra and bletilla striata according to claim 1, wherein before the raising of okra seedlings in the greenhouse, the method further comprises:
selecting okra varieties with plant height of 1.5-2.0m, shading rate of 75-85% and growth period identical to that of bletilla striata.
4. The method for intercropping okra and bletilla striata according to claim 1, wherein seedling of okra is raised in the middle and last 2 months per year.
5. The method for intercropping okra and bletilla striata according to claim 1, wherein the step of turning soil and applying fertilizer comprises the following steps of planting seed blocks of bletilla striata between the okra at a row spacing of 0.25-0.3 m:
applying 2500kg of decomposed and fermented chicken manure into each mu of land, and turning the chicken manure into the soil to be used as a base fertilizer;
the width of the ridge-making surface is 1.2m, and the two sides of the ridge surface are lower than the working channel;
3 high ridges are arranged on the ridge surface, the height of each high ridge is 25cm, and the width of the bottom of each high ridge is 30 cm;
excavating planting holes on the high ridges according to the plant spacing of 30cm, the row spacing of 25 cm-30 cm and the depth of 10 cm;
planting 2 to 3 seed blocks of bletilla striata in each planting hole;
covering soil to keep the planting surface level, and pouring bottom water.
6. The method for interplanting okra and bletilla striata according to claim 1, wherein the deinsectization and fertilization of the okra and the bletilla striata comprises:
the bifenthrin or imidacloprid is used for removing aphids, and mancozeb or thiophanate methyl is used for preventing and treating spot diseases;
and applying decomposed chicken manure, microbial fertilizer or water flush compound fertilizer.
7. The method for intercropping okra and bletilla striata according to any of claims 1-6, wherein said harvesting okra comprises:
with the results of okra, harvest was performed 1 time every 1 to 2 days.
8. The method for intercropping okra and bletilla striata according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the harvesting of bletilla striata comprises:
cutting off root tuber with buds as seed block after overground stem leaves wither;
cleaning the rest part with soil, removing fibrous root, and harvesting rhizoma Bletillae.
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