CN111295949B

CN111295949B - Concave micro-ridge film-mulching and water-spot sowing machine suitable for watermelon planting in dry and alkaline land

Info

Publication number: CN111295949B
Application number: CN202010115525.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 苗锋; 赖德强; 刘英敏; 王胜蕊; 李雅静; 魏国强; 徐泽茹; 杨连合; 许玉杭
Original assignee: Cangzhou Academy Of Agriculture And Forestry Sciences
Current assignee: Cangzhou Academy Of Agriculture And Forestry Sciences
Priority date: 2020-02-25
Filing date: 2020-02-25
Publication date: 2021-04-16
Anticipated expiration: 2040-02-25
Also published as: CN111295949A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a concave micro-ridge film-mulching and water-spot sowing machine suitable for planting watermelons in dry and alkaline land; the ground temperature can be effectively improved, and the phenomena of low-temperature seed rot and seedling freezing injury are effectively avoided; the watermelon seed seedling planter has the advantages that limited water can be fully utilized by watering, salt which moves upwards can be effectively inhibited and decomposed, normal germination of watermelon seeds and growth of seedlings are guaranteed, and the watermelon seed seedling planter comprises a rack, wherein a plurality of travelling wheels are arranged at the bottom end of the rack, and a ridging device, a seeding device, a watering device and a film covering device are arranged on the rack from left to right; the ridging device comprises ridging plows which are oppositely arranged in front and back and a scraping plate arranged between the two ridging plows, and a small scraping plate is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the scraping plate; the seeding device comprises a storage bin, a seeding vertical pipe, a transmission device, a shell, a rotating shaft and a distributing cylinder, the water dropping device comprises a water tank, a communicating pipe and a water regulating valve, and the film covering device comprises a film placing shaft, two groups of pressing wheels and two groups of soil covering discs.

Description

Concave micro-ridge film-mulching and water-spot sowing machine suitable for watermelon planting in dry and alkaline land

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a concave micro-ridge film-mulching and water-spot sowing machine suitable for planting watermelons in dry and alkaline land.

Background

According to incomplete statistics of textbook organization and grain farming organization of the united nations, the area of the saline-alkali soil in the world is 9.5438 hundred million hectares, and the amount of the saline-alkali soil in China is up to 9913 million hectares. The coastal saline-alkali soil is an important saline-alkali soil type in China, and the existing coastline with thousands of kilometers is wide in distribution position. Drought and saline-alkali soil become important factors restricting agricultural development, and with the rapid development of urbanization in China, the cultivated land area is continuously reduced, so that the development and utilization of the vast saline-alkali soil, namely a valuable reserve national soil resource, are urgently needed. The agricultural efficient utilization of the saline-alkali soil has important significance for improving the agricultural production capacity of cultivated land in China and increasing the number of cultivated land.

The watermelon has stronger drought resistance and salt tolerance characteristics, simple planting management and high benefit, and is an important economic crop in drought and alkali areas; the saline-alkali soil in the area is high in salinization degree, but the contents of minerals and medium trace elements in the soil are rich, the temperature difference between day and night is large, the quality of the planted watermelon is good, seeds are few, the sweetness is high, the watermelon pulp is crisp, and the good quality of the watermelon in the drought and alkali land is achieved under special ecological climate conditions, so that the watermelon is a main channel for increasing income and leading to enrichment of special agricultural products and farmers.

At present, the open-field watermelon production in the saline-alkali area of the dry land mainly adopts the planting procedures of flat bed digging, watering, sowing, soil covering and film covering, and the method has the following problems: (1) due to the low temperature in early spring sowing season, the land temperature cannot be effectively improved by flat bed film mulching sowing, and the phenomena of low-temperature seed rot or seedling freeze injury are easy to occur after sowing; (2) because the salt content of the groundwater in the saline-alkali area of the dry land is high, the groundwater cannot be directly used for planting and irrigation, the area basically has no artificial irrigation condition and completely depends on natural rainfall, and the sowing of the watermelon in the open field in early spring requires certain humidity due to the germination of the seeds and the growth in the seedling stage, the existing watering mode is adopted, the water consumption is high, the ground temperature is easy to reduce, and the manual input cost is high; (3) because the soil in the area has high salt content, particularly drought and rain in early spring sowing season, the soil has serious salt return, and the salt which is moved upwards cannot be effectively inhibited and decomposed by adopting flat bed sowing, so that the germination of watermelon seeds and the growth of seedlings are directly influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method which can effectively improve the ground temperature and effectively avoid the phenomenon of seed rot or slow growth due to low temperature; can provide the required moisture for the seed germination and seedling stage, can effectively inhibit and decompose the upward-moving salt, ensures the germination of the watermelon seeds and the production of seedlings, and improves the yield of the concave micro-ridge film-covering point water seeder suitable for the planting of the watermelons in the dry alkaline land.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a concave micro-ridge film-mulching and water-sprinkling seeder suitable for planting watermelons in dry and alkaline land comprises a frame, wherein a plurality of travelling wheels are arranged at the bottom end of the frame, and a ridging device, a seeding device, a water-sprinkling device and a film-mulching device are arranged on the frame from left to right;

the ridging device comprises ridging plows arranged oppositely front and back and a scraping plate arranged between the two ridging plows, and a small scraping plate is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the scraping plate;

the seeding device comprises a storage bin, a seeding vertical pipe and a transmission device, the storage bin is arranged on a rack, the top end of the seeding vertical pipe is communicated with the storage bin, the bottom end of the seeding vertical pipe is provided with a soil shoveling tip, the middle part of the seeding vertical pipe is provided with a material separating device, the material separating device comprises a shell and a rotating shaft, a circular cavity is arranged in the shell, a mounting groove is arranged on the front side wall of the circular cavity, a front ball bearing is fixedly arranged in the mounting groove, the middle part of the rear end of the shell is provided with a mounting through hole which is positioned right behind the mounting groove, a rear ball bearing is fixedly arranged in the mounting through hole, the front end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the rear ball bearing to extend into the circular cavity and be inserted into the front ball bearing, a material separating cylinder is arranged outside the rotating shaft, and the outer side of the material separating cylinder is, a fan-shaped gap is formed in the material distribution cylinder, and the rear end of the rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the traveling wheel through the transmission device;

the water-dispensing device comprises a water tank and a communicating pipe, the water tank is mounted on the rack and is adjacent to the storage bin, a placing cavity is arranged inside the water tank, a water filling port is arranged at the top end of the water tank, a sealing cover is arranged at the water filling port, one end of the communicating pipe is communicated with the bottom end of the water tank, the other end of the communicating pipe is communicated with the upper right end of the shell, and a water-adjusting valve is arranged on the communicating pipe;

the film covering device comprises a film placing shaft, two groups of pressing wheels and two groups of soil covering disks, wherein the film placing shaft is arranged on the rack in the front-back direction, the two groups of pressing wheels are arranged on the rack in a front-back direction and are arranged oppositely in the front-back direction, the two groups of pressing wheels are respectively positioned at the right front side and the right rear side of the film placing shaft, the two groups of soil covering disks are respectively rotatably arranged on the rack, and the two groups of soil covering disks are respectively positioned at the right sides of the two groups of pressing wheels;

the machine frame is provided with a pesticide spraying device, the pesticide spraying device comprises a pesticide spraying box, a pesticide spraying pump and a pesticide spraying pipe, the pesticide spraying box is arranged on the machine frame and is positioned on the right side of the water tank, the pesticide spraying pipe is arranged on the machine frame and is positioned between the seeding vertical pipe and the film releasing shaft, the bottom end of the pesticide spraying pipe is communicated with a plurality of spray heads, the input end of the pesticide spraying pump is communicated with the pesticide spraying box, and the output end of the pesticide spraying pump is communicated with the pesticide spraying pipe;

the transmission device comprises a reduction gearbox, a transmission chain and a transmission shaft, the reduction gearbox is mounted on the rack, a driven gear is arranged at the rear input end of the reduction gearbox, a driving gear is arranged on one group of the traveling wheels, two ends of the transmission chain are respectively sleeved on the driven gear and the driving gear, the rear end of the transmission shaft is in transmission connection with the front output end of the reduction gearbox, and the front end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the rear end of the rotating shaft;

the inner side wall of the circular cavity is provided with an annular groove, a sealing ring is fixedly arranged in the annular groove, the sealing ring is positioned on the outer side of the communicating pipe, and the sealing ring is tightly attached to the surface of the material distributing cylinder.

Preferably, adjusting device about being provided with on the screed, adjusting device includes two sets of screwed pipes and two sets of threaded rods from top to bottom, two sets of screwed pipes all with frame welded fastening, the bottom of two sets of threaded rods spiral shell dress respectively pass two sets of screwed pipes and respectively with the preceding half regional and the latter half regional rotatable coupling on screed top.

Preferably, still include multiunit adjusting bolt and multiunit adjusting nut, the preceding half region of screed and the latter half region all are provided with the bar hole of vertical direction, be provided with multiunit fixing hole on the little scraper blade, multiunit adjusting bolt's tip passes multiunit fixing hole respectively after passing the bar hole and passes through threaded connection with multiunit adjusting nut respectively.

Preferably, the frame is provided with a film pressing device, the film pressing device is positioned on the right side of the film placing shaft and on the left side of the two groups of pressing wheels, the film pressing device comprises two groups of vertical rods, a pressing shaft, two groups of compression springs and two groups of limiting plates, the top ends of the two groups of vertical rods are welded and fixed with the frame, the two groups of vertical rods are oppositely arranged in the front and back direction, sliding blocks are arranged on the two groups of vertical rods in a sliding manner, baffles are arranged at the bottom ends of the two groups of vertical rods, the pressing shaft is rotatably arranged between the two groups of sliding blocks and positioned between the film placing shaft and the two groups of pressing wheels, the upper half areas of the two groups of vertical rods are provided with external screw threads, the middle parts of the two groups of limiting plates are provided with threaded holes which are communicated up and down, the two groups of limiting plates are respectively in threaded connection, the bottom ends of the two groups of compression springs are respectively attached to the top ends of the two groups of sliding blocks.

Preferably, the inside of spouting the medical kit is provided with the working chamber, the top of spouting the medical kit is provided with the charge door to be provided with the case lid in charge door department, spout and be provided with the observation window on the lateral wall of medical kit, and be provided with the liquid level scale mark on the observation window.

Preferably, be provided with the agitator on the medicine spraying box, the agitator includes the (mixing) shaft, the bottom of (mixing) shaft stretches into in the working chamber and passes through the bearing with the interior diapire of working chamber from the top of spraying the medicine box and be connected to be provided with the multiunit puddler on the (mixing) shaft, the multiunit puddler all is located the working chamber, and the top of (mixing) shaft is provided with the rotation handle.

(III) advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the concave micro-ridge film-mulching and water-spot sowing machine suitable for planting watermelons in the dry and alkaline land, which has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the concave micro-ridge film-covering water-dripping seeder suitable for planting the watermelons in the dry alkali land, the ridges are formed through the ridge forming devices, then the micro grooves are scraped in the middle of the ridges through the small scraping plates on the scraping plates, the seeding is carried out in the micro grooves through the seeding devices, water dripping can be carried out through the water dripping devices, then the mulching is carried out through the film covering devices, the micro grooves are covered with mulching films to form a micro closed space similar to a sunlight greenhouse, meanwhile, the illumination can be fully increased through the micro-ridge seeding, the ground temperature can be effectively improved, and the germination of seeds is promoted;

2. according to the concave micro-ridge film-covering and water-dibbling seeder suitable for planting the watermelons in the dry alkali land, the walking wheels drive the rotating shaft to rotate through the transmission device, the rotating shaft drives the material distribution cylinder to rotate, the melon seeds in the storage bin fall into the fan-shaped notch in the circular cavity, along with the rotation of the material distribution cylinder, water in the water tank also flows into the fan-shaped notch of the material distribution cylinder through the communicating pipe, when the fan-shaped notch faces downwards, the melon seeds and the water fall into the soil together for seeding, so that the required moisture can be provided for seed germination and seedling stage growth, and the seed germination and seedling stage growth are promoted;

3. according to the concave micro-ridge film-covering water-spot sowing machine suitable for planting the watermelons in the dry alkali land, the upward-moving salt can be decomposed to the ridge back by utilizing the movement rule of water from salt to a high place and water to a low place, and adopting the mode of sowing in the micro-grooves in the middle of the micro-ridges, so that the damage of the salt to seeds and seedlings in the ridges can be reduced;

4. the concave micro-ridge film-mulching and water-spot sowing machine suitable for planting the watermelons in the dry alkali land can preserve heat and moisture through a concave micro-ridge film mulching technology, holes are punched in time to put seedlings when top leaves of the seedlings are close to a mulching film, then soil is covered on the mulching film, the mulching film is pressed to the ground, the purpose of upper laying and lower covering is achieved, rainwater can be fully accommodated through a concave structure, and the utilization rate of the rainwater is improved;

5. the concave micro-ridge film-covering water-dropping seeder suitable for planting the watermelons in the dry alkali land can adjust the water dropping amount by adjusting the water saving valve according to the soil condition, save water resources, and realize the equidistant seeding of seeds by the rotation of the material distributing cylinder;

6. this little ridge tectorial membrane point water seeder of spill that suitable nonirrigated farmland watermelon was planted realizes ridging, middle part ditching, seeding, dibbling and tectorial membrane and once only accomplishes, has improved work efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the connection of the squeegee, the small squeegee and the up-down adjusting device according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the transmission and feed divider of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a film pressing device according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the spraying box of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the distribution cylinder of the present invention;

in the drawings, the reference numbers: 1. a frame; 2. a traveling wheel; 3. a ridging plough; 4. scraping the plate; 5. a small scraper; 6. a storage bin; 7. seeding vertical pipes; 8. shoveling the soil at the tip; 9. a housing; 10. a rotating shaft; 11. a front ball bearing; 12. a rear ball bearing; 13. a material distributing cylinder; 14. a sector-shaped notch; 15. a water tank; 16. a communicating pipe; 17. adjusting a water valve; 18. a film releasing shaft; 19. a pinch roller; 20. a soil covering disc; 21. spraying a pesticide box; 22. a pesticide spraying pump; 23. a pesticide spraying pipe; 24. a spray head; 25. a reduction gearbox; 26. a drive chain; 27. a drive shaft; 28. a seal ring; 29. a threaded pipe; 30. a threaded rod; 31. adjusting the bolt; 32. adjusting the nut; 33. a strip-shaped hole; 34. erecting a rod; 35. pressing the shaft; 36. a compression spring; 37. a limiting plate; 38. a slider; 39. a baffle plate; 40. a box cover; 41. an observation window; 42. liquid level scale marks; 43. a stirring shaft; 44. a stirring rod; 45. the handle is rotated.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-7, the concave micro-ridge film-mulching and water-sprinkling seeder suitable for planting watermelons in the dry alkaline land comprises a frame 1, wherein a plurality of walking wheels 2 are arranged at the bottom end of the frame 1, and a ridging device, a seeding device, a water-sprinkling device and a film-mulching device are arranged on the frame 1 from left to right;

the ridging device comprises ridging plows 3 which are arranged relatively in the front and back and scraping plates 4 which are arranged between the ridging plows 3, wherein an upper adjusting device and a lower adjusting device are arranged on the scraping plates 4, the upper adjusting device and the lower adjusting device comprise two groups of threaded pipes 29 and two groups of threaded rods 30, the two groups of threaded pipes 29 are fixedly welded with the frame 1, the bottoms of the two groups of threaded rods 30 are respectively screwed to penetrate through the two groups of threaded pipes 29 and are respectively rotatably connected with the front half area and the rear half area of the top end of the scraping plate 4, the height of the scraping plate 4 can be adjusted by synchronously and manually rotating the two groups of threaded rods 30, so that the height of the ridging is adjusted, the height of the ridging is 20cm, the width of the micro-ridge is 50-60cm, a small scraping plate 5 is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the scraping plate 4, the ridging device further comprises a plurality of groups of adjusting bolts 31 and a plurality of groups, the small scraper 5 is provided with a plurality of groups of fixing through holes, the end parts of the plurality of groups of adjusting bolts 31 penetrate through the strip-shaped holes 33 and then respectively penetrate through the plurality of groups of fixing through holes and are respectively in threaded connection with the plurality of groups of adjusting nuts 32, the adjusting nuts 32 are unscrewed, then the small scraper 5 can be adjusted up and down, then the small scraper 5 is fixed by screwing the adjusting nuts 32, the depth of the micro grooves at the top of the micro ridges can be adjusted, the depth of the micro grooves is 5-10cm, and the width of the micro grooves is 20 cm;

the seeding device comprises a storage bin 6, a seeding vertical pipe 7 and a transmission device, wherein the storage bin 6 is arranged on a frame 1, the top end of the seeding vertical pipe 7 is communicated with the storage bin 6, the bottom end of the seeding vertical pipe 7 is provided with a soil shoveling tip 8, the middle part of the seeding vertical pipe 7 is provided with a material separating device, the material separating device comprises a shell 9 and a rotating shaft 10, a circular cavity is arranged inside the shell 9, a mounting groove is arranged on the front side wall of the circular cavity, a front ball bearing 11 is fixedly arranged in the mounting groove, the middle part of the rear end of the shell 9 is provided with a mounting through hole, the mounting through hole is positioned right behind the mounting groove, a rear ball bearing 12 is fixedly arranged in the mounting through hole, the front end of the rotating shaft 10 penetrates through the rear ball bearing 12 to extend into the circular cavity and is inserted into the front ball bearing 11, and a material separating cylinder 13, the outer side of the material distributing cylinder 13 is contacted with the inner side wall of the circular cavity, a fan-shaped notch 14 is arranged on the material distributing cylinder 13, the rear end of the rotating shaft 10 is in transmission connection with the traveling wheels 2 through the transmission device, the transmission device comprises a reduction gearbox 25, a transmission chain 26 and a transmission shaft 27, the reduction gearbox 25 is installed on the frame 1, a driven gear is arranged at the rear input end of the reduction gearbox 25, a driving gear is arranged on one group of the traveling wheels 2, two ends of the transmission chain 26 are respectively sleeved on the driven gear and the driving gear, the rear end of the transmission shaft 27 is in transmission connection with the front output end of the reduction gearbox 25, the front end of the transmission shaft 27 is fixedly connected with the rear end of the rotating shaft 10, the traveling wheels 2 drive the driven gear to rotate through the transmission chain 26, and drive the transmission shaft 27 and the rotating, the material distribution cylinder 13 is driven to rotate through the rotating shaft 10, the purpose of distributing seeds is achieved, when the fan-shaped notch 14 of the material distribution cylinder 13 is upward, melon seeds fall into the fan-shaped notch 14, 2-3 melon seeds can be stored in the fan-shaped notch 14, along with the rotation of the material distribution cylinder 13, water in the communication pipe 16 is supplemented into the fan-shaped notch 14, the column distance is 40-50cm, the distance between two adjacent groups of micro-ridges is 1.5m, and melon seedlings climb ridges between the two groups of micro-ridges;

the water dibbling device comprises a water tank 15 and a communicating pipe 16, wherein the water tank 15 is installed on the rack 1 and is adjacent to the storage bin 6, a placing cavity is arranged inside the water tank 15, a water filling port is formed in the top end of the water tank 15, a sealing cover is arranged at the water filling port, one end of the communicating pipe 16 is communicated with the bottom end of the water tank 15, the other end of the communicating pipe 16 is communicated with the upper right end of the shell 9, and a water adjusting valve 17 is arranged on the communicating pipe 16; then melon seeds and water fall into the soil together, the seeding point water is synchronously sown, an annular groove is formed in the inner side wall of the circular cavity, a sealing ring 28 is fixedly arranged in the annular groove, the sealing ring 28 is positioned on the outer side of the communicating pipe 16, the sealing ring 28 is tightly attached to the surface of the distributing cylinder 13, and the end part of the sealing ring 28 is tightly attached to the outer side of the distributing cylinder 13, so that the water in the communicating pipe 16 is guided into the fan-shaped notch 14 only when the fan-shaped notch 14 rotates to the position of the output end of the communicating pipe 16, and the water cannot flow into the seeding vertical pipe 7 at ordinary times;

the film covering device comprises a film placing shaft 18, two groups of pressing wheels 19 and two groups of soil covering disks 20, wherein the film placing shaft 18 is arranged on the rack 1 in the front-back direction, the two groups of pressing wheels 19 are arranged on the rack 1, the two groups of pressing wheels 19 are arranged in a front-back opposite mode, the two groups of pressing wheels 19 are respectively positioned at the front right side and the rear right side of the film placing shaft 18, the two groups of soil covering disks 20 are respectively rotatably arranged on the rack 1, and the two groups of soil covering disks 20 are respectively positioned at the right sides of the two groups of pressing wheels 19; the mulching film is placed on the film placing shaft 18, the film placing shaft 18 is mounted on the frame 1 in a rack mode, the film is placed along with the overall movement of the frame 1, the frame 1 is provided with a film pressing device, the film pressing device is located on the right side of the film placing shaft 18 and on the left side of the two groups of pressing wheels 19, the film pressing device comprises two groups of vertical rods 34, pressing shafts 35, two groups of compression springs 36 and two groups of limiting plates 37, the top ends of the two groups of vertical rods 34 are welded and fixed with the frame 1, the two groups of vertical rods 34 are arranged in a front-back opposite mode, the two groups of vertical rods 34 are provided with sliding blocks 38 in a sliding mode, the bottom ends of the two groups of vertical rods 34 are provided with baffle plates 39, the pressing shafts 35 are rotatably mounted between the two groups of sliding blocks 38, the pressing shafts 35 are located between the film placing shaft 18 and the two groups of pressing wheels 19, the upper, two sets of limiting plates 37 pass through threaded connection with two sets of pole settings 34 respectively, two sets of pressure spring 36 overlap respectively and locate two sets of pole settings 34 outsides, and the top of two sets of pressure spring 36 is pasted tightly with the bottom of two sets of limiting plates 37 respectively, and the bottom of two sets of pressure spring 36 is pasted tightly with the top of two sets of sliding blocks 38 respectively, presses down the membrane through the press mold axle, prevents that wind from blowing up the plastic film to guarantee the planarization of tectorial membrane, then fixes the both sides of plastic film through two sets of pinch rollers 19, and the rethread is covered with native disc 20 and is pushed the soil to the plastic film and realize the tectorial membrane, and the plastic film adopts 80-90cm wide, and the thickness is 0.015mm-0.02 mm's polyethylene colorless.

A pesticide spraying device is arranged on the rack 1 and comprises a pesticide spraying box 21, a pesticide spraying pump 22 and a pesticide spraying pipe 23, the pesticide spraying box 21 is arranged on the rack 1 and is positioned on the right side of the water tank 15, the pesticide spraying pipe 23 is arranged on the rack 1 and is positioned between the seeding vertical pipe 7 and the film laying shaft 18, a plurality of spray heads 24 are arranged at the bottom end of the pesticide spraying pipe 23 in a communicating manner, the input end of the pesticide spraying pump 22 is communicated with the pesticide spraying box 21, and the output end of the pesticide spraying pump 22 is communicated with the pesticide spraying pipe 23; through in the herbicide pump pumping 23 of pesticide-spraying pipe and through shower nozzle 24 blowout of pesticide-spraying pump 22 with the herbicide in the medical kit, can spray the herbicide to the inside of plastic film before the tectorial membrane, prevent that later stage weeds from causing the influence to the growth of seed.

A working cavity is arranged in the pesticide spraying box 21, a feeding port is arranged at the top end of the pesticide spraying box 21, a box cover 40 is arranged at the feeding port, an observation window 41 is arranged on the side wall of the pesticide spraying box 21, liquid level scale marks 42 are arranged on the observation window 41, the pesticide industry in the pesticide spraying box 21 can be observed conveniently through the observation window 41 and the liquid level scale marks 42, the herbicide liquid medicine is convenient to be configured, a stirrer is arranged on the pesticide spraying box 21 and comprises a stirring shaft 43, the bottom end of the stirring shaft 43 extends into the working cavity from the top end of the pesticide spraying box 21 and is connected with the inner bottom wall of the working cavity through a bearing, a plurality of groups of stirring rods 44 are arranged on the stirring shaft 43, the groups of stirring rods 44 are all positioned in the working cavity, and a rotating handle 45 is arranged at the top end of the; the stirring shaft 43 and the multiple groups of stirring rods 44 are driven to rotate by rotating the rotating handle 45, so that the liquid medicine is conveniently and quickly prepared.

The invention relates to a concave micro-ridge film-covering water-dropping seeder suitable for planting watermelons in dry and alkaline land, which is characterized in that when in use, a frame 1 is arranged on a tractor of a traction device, ridge forming is carried out through a ridge forming device, soil is turned to the middle by a ridge forming plough 3, then micro-ridges are scraped through a scraping plate 4, then micro-grooves are scraped in the middle of the ridges through small scraping plates 5 on the scraping plate 4, seeding is carried out in the micro-grooves through a seeding device, melon seeds are loaded into a storage bin 6, the melon seeds in the storage bin 6 fall into a fan-shaped notch 14 of a circular cavity, a travelling wheel 2 drives a rotating shaft 10 and a distributing cylinder 13 to rotate through a transmission device, then water in a water tank 15 flows into the fan-shaped notch 14 through a communicating pipe 16, the melon seeds and the water fall into the soil together, seeding and water dropping are carried out synchronously, a herbicide spraying pipe 23 in a pesticide box is pumped into the spraying pipe through a, can spray the weedicide to the inside of plastic film before the tectorial membrane, then carry out the epiphragma through the tectorial membrane device, press the membrane axle to hang down the membrane, prevent that wind from blowing up the plastic film to guarantee the planarization of tectorial membrane, then fix the both sides of plastic film through two sets of pinch rollers 19, realize the epiphragma on the plastic film with soil propelling movement through two sets of earthing discs 20 of rethread.

In conclusion, the concave micro-ridge film-covering water-dibbling seeder suitable for planting watermelons in the dry and alkaline land performs ridge forming through the ridge forming device, then scrapes out micro grooves in the middle of the ridge through the small scrapers 5 on the scraping plates 4, seeds are sowed in the micro grooves through the sowing device, water can be dibbled through the water-dibbling device, then the mulching film is covered through the film covering device, the micro grooves and the mulching film cover can form a micro closed space similar to a sunlight greenhouse, meanwhile, the micro-ridge sowing can fully increase the illumination, the ground temperature can be effectively improved, and the seed germination is promoted; the walking wheel 2 drives the rotating shaft 10 to rotate through a transmission device, the rotating shaft 10 drives the material distribution cylinder 13 to rotate, the melon seeds in the storage bin 6 fall into the fan-shaped notch 14 in the circular cavity, along with the rotation of the material distribution cylinder 13, water in the water tank also flows into the fan-shaped notch 14 of the material distribution cylinder 13 through the communicating pipe 16, when the fan-shaped notch 14 faces downwards, the melon seeds and the water fall into the soil together for sowing, so that the water required by seed germination and seedling growth can be provided, and the seed germination and seedling growth are promoted; the water edge movement rule that salt moves to a high place and water converges to a low place is utilized, and the upward-moving salt can be decomposed to the ridge back by adopting a mode of sowing in the micro-groove in the middle of the micro-ridge, so that the damage of the salt to seeds and seedlings in the furrow is reduced; the mulching film can preserve heat and moisture by a concave micro-ridge mulching technology, when the top leaves of seedlings approach the mulching film, the seedlings are punched and put in due time, then soil is covered on the mulching film, and the mulching film is pressed on the ground, so that the purpose of upper laying and lower covering is realized, rainwater can be fully accommodated by the concave structure, and the utilization rate of the rainwater is improved; the water amount is adjusted through the water adjusting valve 17 according to the soil moisture content, and the equal-interval sowing of seeds is realized through the rotation of the distributing cylinder 13; the ridging, the middle part opening, the seeding, the water dropping and the film covering are completed in one step, and the working efficiency is improved.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The spray pump presented therein is equipped with a dedicated power supply.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A concave micro-ridge film-mulching and water-sprinkling seeder suitable for planting watermelons in dry and alkaline land is characterized by comprising a rack (1), wherein a plurality of travelling wheels (2) are arranged at the bottom end of the rack (1), and a ridging device, a seeding device, a water-sprinkling device and a film-mulching device are arranged on the rack (1) from left to right;

the ridging device comprises ridging plows (3) which are arranged oppositely in the front and back direction and a scraping plate (4) arranged between the two ridging plows (3), wherein a small scraping plate (5) is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the scraping plate (4);

the seeding device comprises a storage bin (6), a seeding vertical pipe (7) and a transmission device, wherein the storage bin (6) is installed on a rack (1), the top end of the seeding vertical pipe (7) is communicated with the storage bin (6), a soil shoveling tip (8) is arranged at the bottom end of the seeding vertical pipe (7), a material distributing device is arranged in the middle of the seeding vertical pipe (7) and comprises a shell (9) and a rotating shaft (10), a circular cavity is arranged inside the shell (9), a mounting groove is formed in the front side wall of the circular cavity, a front ball bearing (11) is fixedly installed in the mounting groove, a mounting through hole is formed in the middle of the rear end of the shell (9), the mounting through hole is located right behind the mounting groove, a rear ball bearing (12) is fixedly installed in the mounting through hole, the front end of the rotating shaft (10) penetrates through the rear ball bearing (12) to extend into the circular cavity and is inserted into the front ball bearing (11), a material distributing cylinder (13) is arranged on the outer side of the rotating shaft (10), the outer side of the material distributing cylinder (13) is in contact with the inner side wall of the circular cavity, a fan-shaped notch (14) is formed in the material distributing cylinder (13), and the rear end of the rotating shaft (10) is in transmission connection with the traveling wheel (2) through the transmission device;

the water dibbling device comprises a water tank (15) and a communicating pipe (16), wherein the water tank (15) is installed on the rack (1) and is adjacent to the storage bin (6), a placing cavity is arranged inside the water tank (15), a water filling port is formed in the top end of the water tank (15), a sealing cover is arranged at the water filling port, one end of the communicating pipe (16) is communicated with the bottom end of the water tank (15), the other end of the communicating pipe (16) is communicated with the upper right end of the shell (9), and a water adjusting valve (17) is arranged on the communicating pipe (16);

the film covering device comprises a film placing shaft (18), two groups of pressing wheels (19) and two groups of soil covering disks (20), wherein the film placing shaft (18) is arranged on the rack (1) in the front-back direction, the two groups of pressing wheels (19) are arranged on the rack (1), the two groups of pressing wheels (19) are arranged in front-back opposite directions, the two groups of pressing wheels (19) are respectively positioned at the front right side and the rear right side of the film placing shaft (18), the two groups of soil covering disks (20) are respectively rotatably arranged on the rack (1), and the two groups of soil covering disks (20) are respectively positioned at the right side of the two groups of pressing wheels (19);

the special water-spraying machine is characterized in that a pesticide spraying device is arranged on the rack (1), the pesticide spraying device comprises a pesticide spraying box (21), a pesticide spraying pump (22) and a pesticide spraying pipe (23), the pesticide spraying box (21) is arranged on the rack (1) and is positioned on the right side of the water tank (15), the pesticide spraying pipe (23) is arranged on the rack (1) and is positioned between the seeding vertical pipe (7) and the film laying shaft (18), a plurality of spray heads (24) are arranged at the bottom end of the pesticide spraying pipe (23) in a communicating manner, the input end of the pesticide spraying pump (22) is communicated with the pesticide spraying box (21), and the output end of the pesticide spraying pump (22) is communicated with the pesticide spraying pipe;

the transmission device comprises a reduction gearbox (25), a transmission chain (26) and a transmission shaft (27), the reduction gearbox (25) is installed on the rack (1), a driven gear is arranged at the rear side input end of the reduction gearbox (25), a driving gear is arranged on one group of the traveling wheels (2), two ends of the transmission chain (26) are respectively sleeved on the driven gear and the driving gear, the rear end of the transmission shaft (27) is in transmission connection with the front side output end of the reduction gearbox (25), and the front end of the transmission shaft (27) is fixedly connected with the rear end of the rotating shaft (10);

an annular groove is formed in the inner side wall of the circular cavity, a sealing ring (28) is fixedly arranged in the annular groove, the sealing ring (28) is located on the outer side of the communicating pipe (16), and the sealing ring (28) is attached to the surface of the material distributing cylinder (13).

2. The concave micro-ridge film-mulching and water-spot sowing machine suitable for watermelon planting in the arid alkaline land is characterized in that an upper and lower adjusting device is arranged on the scraping plate (4) and comprises two groups of threaded pipes (29) and two groups of threaded rods (30), the two groups of threaded pipes (29) are fixedly welded with the frame (1), and the bottom ends of the two groups of threaded rods (30) are respectively screwed through the two groups of threaded pipes (29) and are respectively rotatably connected with the front half area and the rear half area of the top end of the scraping plate (4).

3. The concave micro-ridge film-mulching and water-spot seeding machine suitable for planting watermelons in the dry alkaline land as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a plurality of groups of adjusting bolts (31) and a plurality of groups of adjusting nuts (32), wherein the front half area and the rear half area of the scraping plate (4) are provided with strip-shaped holes (33) in the vertical direction, the small scraping plate (5) is provided with a plurality of groups of fixing through holes, and the end portions of the plurality of groups of adjusting bolts (31) penetrate through the plurality of groups of fixing through holes respectively after penetrating through the strip-shaped holes (33) and are connected with the plurality of groups of adjusting nuts (32) through threads respectively.

4. The concave micro-ridge film mulching and water spot sowing machine suitable for planting watermelons in the dry alkaline land is characterized in that a film pressing device is arranged on the rack (1), the film pressing device is positioned on the right side of the film laying shaft (18) and on the left side of the two groups of pressing wheels (19), the film pressing device comprises two groups of vertical rods (34), a pressing shaft (35), two groups of compression springs (36) and two groups of limiting plates (37), the top ends of the two groups of vertical rods (34) are fixedly welded with the rack (1), the two groups of vertical rods (34) are arranged in a front-back opposite mode, the two groups of vertical rods (34) are respectively provided with sliding blocks (38) in a sliding mode, the bottom ends of the two groups of vertical rods (34) are respectively provided with a baffle plate (39), the pressing shaft (35) is rotatably arranged between the two groups of sliding blocks (38), and the pressing shaft (35) is positioned between the film laying shaft (18, the first half region of two sets of pole settings (34) all is provided with external threaded connection, the middle part of two sets of limiting plates (37) all is provided with the screw hole that link up from top to bottom, and two sets of limiting plates (37) pass through threaded connection with two sets of pole settings (34) respectively, two sets of pole settings (34) outsides are located to two sets of pressure spring (36) cover respectively, and the top of two sets of pressure spring (36) is pasted tightly with the bottom of two sets of limiting plates (37) respectively, and the bottom of two sets of pressure spring (36) is pasted tightly with the top of two sets of sliding blocks (38) respectively.

5. The concave micro-ridge film-mulching and water-spot sowing machine suitable for watermelon planting in the dry alkaline land as claimed in claim 1, wherein a working chamber is arranged inside the pesticide spraying box (21), a feeding port is arranged at the top end of the pesticide spraying box (21), a box cover (40) is arranged at the feeding port, an observation window (41) is arranged on the side wall of the pesticide spraying box (21), and a liquid level scale mark (42) is arranged on the observation window (41).

6. The concave micro-ridge film-mulching and water-spot sowing machine suitable for planting watermelons in the dry alkaline land is characterized in that a stirrer is arranged on the pesticide spraying box (21), the stirrer comprises a stirring shaft (43), the bottom end of the stirring shaft (43) extends into the working cavity from the top end of the pesticide spraying box (21) and is connected with the inner bottom wall of the working cavity through a bearing, a plurality of groups of stirring rods (44) are arranged on the stirring shaft (43), the groups of stirring rods (44) are all located in the working cavity, and a rotating handle (45) is arranged at the top end of the stirring shaft (43).