CN111279901A - Cherry grafting technology - Google Patents
Cherry grafting technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN111279901A CN111279901A CN201811490844.3A CN201811490844A CN111279901A CN 111279901 A CN111279901 A CN 111279901A CN 201811490844 A CN201811490844 A CN 201811490844A CN 111279901 A CN111279901 A CN 111279901A
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- grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cherry grafting technology, and belongs to the technical field of fruit tree planting. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a Prunus tomentosa branch, grafting the plum scion growing in the same year and having the same thickness as the base stock on the base stock by taking Prunus tomentosa as the base stock, grafting the plum scion to the base stock in a T-shaped bud grafting manner 4-6 cm away from the ground, removing the new bud of the base stock after cutting off the plastic film belt of the bud at the position 2-3 cm above the joint of the plum scion and the base stock every 4-5 months, namely 3-4 months in the second year, grafting the cherry scion growing in the same year and having the same thickness as the middle stock on the middle stock in a bud grafting manner 7-8 months, cutting off the rest part, and cutting off the middle stock and removing the plastic film at the position 0.5-2 cm above the joint of the cherry scion and the middle stock when the cherry scion grows to 14-16 cm above, thus completing the grafting of the dwarf cherry. The grafted cherry can realize high yield, large size and sweet taste of the cherry in low-altitude and high-temperature areas in south.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree planting, in particular to a cherry grafting method.
Background art:
in the prior art, the grafting technology is particularly necessary because the seedling of the seedling which is sowed and propagated grows slowly, the investment of fruit growers in the early stage is huge, and the planting development is not facilitated.
Grafting, one of the vegetative reproduction in vegetative reproduction. During grafting, the scion and the cambium of the stock are tightly combined to ensure the survival of the scion. The grafted branch or bud is called scion; the grafted plant is called stock or table wood. When scion is carried out, a seedling with 2 to 4 buds is generally selected, the grafted seedling becomes the upper part or the top of a plant body, and a stock becomes the root part of the plant body after grafting. During grafting, the cambium layers of the two wounded surfaces are close and tied together, and as a result, the cambium layers are healed into a whole body with connected vascular tissues due to cell proliferation.
The main factors influencing the survival rate of grafted fruit trees are many, in order to improve the survival rate of the grafted fruit trees, the affinity of the scions and the stocks, the grafting technology and the management after grafting need to be improved, and general fruit growers cannot master the corresponding technology easily.
The invention content is as follows:
a cherry grafting technology comprises the following steps:
selecting the rootstock: selecting cherry trees with good growth vigor, and taking prunus tomentosa as a basal stock when the prunus tomentosa seeds sowed in spring reach 9-10 months in the first year;
scion treatment: grafting plum scions which grow in the same year and have good growth vigor and no pest disasters and are equivalent to the thickness of a ground stock of the cherry fearnaught on the ground stock, and grafting the plum scions in a T-shaped bud grafting manner when the plum scions grow to be 4-6 cm away from the ground;
grafting of the base stock and the intermediate stock: cutting an anvil at the position 2-3 cm away from the upper end of the junction of the plum scion and the base stock every 4-5 months, namely 3 and 4 months in the second year, removing a plastic film strip of the scion, then wiping off the new sprout of the base stock for sprouting, and grafting the cherry scions with the same year and the same thickness as the intermediate stock on the intermediate stock in the same year by taking the plum scions as the intermediate stock in the 7-8 months by means of budding;
grafting: and (3) cutting off the middle stock at a position 4-6 cm away from the upper end of the joint of the middle stock and the base stock at the bud grafting position, reserving the middle stock with a certain length, cutting off the rest part, cutting off the middle stock at a position 0.5-2 cm away from the upper end of the joint of the cherry bud grafting and the middle stock when the cherry bud grafting is 14-16 cm away, and removing the plastic film at the bud grafting position, thereby completing the grafting of the dwarf cherry.
Further, the grafting does not require the use of a healing agent.
Furthermore, after grafting, watering is carried out timely and properly.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the grafting of the dwarf cherry is completed, and the grafted cherry can realize high yield of the cherry in low-altitude and high-temperature areas in south, is large in size, sweet in taste and high in survival rate.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
example 1:
a cherry grafting technology comprises the following steps:
selecting the rootstock: selecting cherry trees with good growth vigor, and taking prunus tomentosa as a basal stock when the prunus tomentosa seeds sowed in spring reach 9-10 months in the first year;
scion treatment: disinfecting a tool knife, selecting plum scions which grow in the same year and have good growth vigor and no pest and disaster and have the same thickness as the ground stock of the cherry malls, cutting the plum scions into wedges, grafting the wedges on the ground stock, aligning cambiums on at least one side of the plum scions, and grafting the plum scions 4-6 cm away from the ground in a T-shaped bud grafting manner;
grafting of the base stock and the intermediate stock: cutting an anvil at the position 2-3 cm away from the upper end of the junction of the plum scion and the base stock every 4-5 months, namely 3 and 4 months in the second year, removing a plastic film strip of the scion, then wiping off the new sprout of the base stock for sprouting, and grafting the cherry scions with the same year and the same thickness as the intermediate stock on the intermediate stock in the same year by taking the plum scions as the intermediate stock in the 7-8 months by means of budding;
grafting: and (3) cutting off the middle stock at a position 4-6 cm away from the upper end of the joint of the middle stock and the base stock at the bud grafting position, reserving the middle stock with a certain length, cutting off the rest part, cutting off the middle stock at a position 0.5-2 cm away from the upper end of the joint of the cherry bud grafting and the middle stock when the cherry bud grafting is 14-16 cm away, and removing the plastic film at the bud grafting position, thereby completing the grafting of the dwarf cherry.
And (3) water and fertilizer management: spraying clear water, and fertilizing after the growth is stable.
Further, the growth vigor of the selected rootstocks and the scions is close to the lignification degree, and the T-shaped bud grafting with xylem is as follows: is essentially single bud grafting. When stock wood buds germinate in spring, scions can be selected to grow plump side buds without sealing wax, the upper part and the back of the buds at a position 1cm away from the top are cut into long cut surfaces of 3-5cm, the lower end is tapered, then scions are cut off by using a pruning shear to connect xylem, the scions are in shield-shaped bud sheets with thick upper parts and thin lower parts, then a wedge-shaped cut is transversely and vertically cut on the cortex at the smooth position of the stock to reach the xylem deeply, the cortex is poked, the bud sheets are inserted into the cortex immediately and are tightly bound and exposed by using plastic strips, and bud eyes are exposed. Survival can be realized 15 days after grafting, and stock at the upper part of the bud is cut off to promote the germination of the grafted bud.
Further, the disinfection treatment in the scion adopts a method that ethanol is firstly used for disinfection and then disinfection is carried out for 20min by using disinfection slices.
Furthermore, the healing agent is indoleacetic acid with the concentration of 120-150 ppm, so that the healing of the grafting wound is facilitated, and the grafting survival rate is improved.
Furthermore, after grafting, watering is carried out timely and properly.
Example 2:
a cherry grafting technology comprises the following steps:
selecting the rootstock: selecting cherry trees with good growth vigor, and taking prunus tomentosa as a basal stock when the prunus tomentosa seeds sowed in spring reach 9-10 months in the first year;
scion treatment: disinfecting a tool knife, selecting plum scions which grow in the same year and have good growth vigor and no pest and disaster and have the same thickness as the ground stock of the cherry malls, cutting the plum scions into wedges, grafting the wedges on the ground stock, aligning cambiums on at least one side of the plum scions, and grafting the plum scions 4-6 cm away from the ground in a T-shaped bud grafting manner;
grafting of the base stock and the intermediate stock: cutting an anvil at the position 2-3 cm away from the upper end of the junction of the plum scion and the base stock every 4-5 months, namely 3 and 4 months in the second year, removing a plastic film strip of the scion, then wiping off the new sprout of the base stock for sprouting, and grafting the cherry scions with the same year and the same thickness as the intermediate stock on the intermediate stock in the same year by taking the plum scions as the intermediate stock in the 7-8 months by means of budding;
grafting: and (3) cutting off the middle stock at a position 4-6 cm away from the upper end of the joint of the middle stock and the base stock at the bud grafting position, reserving the middle stock with a certain length, cutting off the rest part, cutting off the middle stock at a position 0.5-2 cm away from the upper end of the joint of the cherry bud grafting and the middle stock when the cherry bud grafting is 14-16 cm away, and removing the plastic film at the bud grafting position, thereby completing the grafting of the dwarf cherry.
And (3) water and fertilizer management: spraying clear water, and fertilizing after the growth is stable.
Further, the T-shaped bud grafting without xylem: generally, the method is carried out after the young shoot of the scion stops growing and the stock and the scion cortex are easy to peel, the bud grafting scion is selected from the young shoot which grows fully and has plump buds, a leaf stem about 1cm is left after the scion is harvested, the leaf stem is cut off to reduce water evaporation, and the method is preferably used at any time after the scion is harvested.
Firstly, transversely cutting a bud at a position 0.5cm above the bud to a depth reaching xylem, then upwardly and obliquely cutting a bud at a position 1-1.5cm below the bud to a transverse cutting buckle position, pinching the bud slices to transversely twist, and taking down the bud slices; and transversely cutting a knife at the smooth part of the bark of the stock, wherein the width of the knife is slightly wider than that of the scion bud and reaches the xylem deeply, vertically cutting a knife downwards at the center of the knife edge, the length of the knife is matched with the length of the bud slice, prying the cortex on two sides by using a knife tip to pry the cortex on the left and right sides after cutting, quickly inserting the bud slice, enabling the cut on the scion bud to be closely connected with the transverse cut of the stock, tightly adhering other parts of the scion bud to the stock, and then binding the scion bud with a plastic.
Further, the disinfection treatment in the scion adopts a method that ethanol is firstly used for disinfection and then disinfection is carried out for 20min by using disinfection slices.
Furthermore, the healing agent is indoleacetic acid with the concentration of 120-150 ppm, so that the healing of the grafting wound is facilitated, and the grafting survival rate is improved.
Furthermore, after grafting, watering is carried out timely and properly.
Example 3:
a cherry grafting technology comprises the following steps:
selecting the rootstock: selecting cherry trees with good growth vigor, and taking prunus tomentosa as a basal stock when the prunus tomentosa seeds sowed in spring reach 9-10 months in the first year;
scion treatment: disinfecting a tool knife, selecting plum scions which grow in the same year and have good growth vigor and no pest and disaster and have the same thickness as the ground stock of the cherry malls, cutting the plum scions into wedges, grafting the wedges on the ground stock, aligning cambiums on at least one side of the plum scions, and grafting the plum scions 4-6 cm away from the ground in a T-shaped bud grafting manner;
grafting of the base stock and the intermediate stock: cutting an anvil at the position 2-3 cm away from the upper end of the junction of the plum scion and the base stock every 4-5 months, namely 3 and 4 months in the second year, removing a plastic film strip of the scion, then wiping off the new sprout of the base stock for sprouting, and grafting the cherry scions with the same year and the same thickness as the intermediate stock on the intermediate stock in the same year by taking the plum scions as the intermediate stock in the 7-8 months by means of budding;
grafting: and (3) cutting off the middle stock at a position 4-6 cm away from the upper end of the joint of the middle stock and the base stock at the bud grafting position, reserving the middle stock with a certain length, cutting off the rest part, cutting off the middle stock at a position 0.5-2 cm away from the upper end of the joint of the cherry bud grafting and the middle stock when the cherry bud grafting is 14-16 cm away, and removing the plastic film at the bud grafting position, thereby completing the grafting of the dwarf cherry.
And (3) water and fertilizer management: spraying clear water, and fertilizing after the growth is stable.
Furthermore, the growth vigor of the selected rootstocks and the scions is close to that of lignification, and the rootstocks and the scions are subjected to T-shaped bud grafting without xylem: generally, the method is carried out after the young shoot of the scion stops growing and the stock and the scion cortex are easy to peel, the bud grafting scion is selected from the young shoot which grows fully and has plump buds, a leaf stem about 1cm is left after the scion is harvested, the leaf stem is cut off to reduce water evaporation, and the method is preferably used at any time after the scion is harvested.
Firstly, transversely cutting a bud at a position 0.5cm above the bud to a depth reaching xylem, then upwardly and obliquely cutting a bud at a position 1-1.5cm below the bud to a transverse cutting buckle position, pinching the bud slices to transversely twist, and taking down the bud slices; and transversely cutting a knife at the smooth part of the bark of the stock, wherein the width of the knife is slightly wider than that of the scion bud and reaches the xylem deeply, vertically cutting a knife downwards at the center of the knife edge, the length of the knife is matched with the length of the bud slice, prying the cortex on two sides by using a knife tip to pry the cortex on the left and right sides after cutting, quickly inserting the bud slice, enabling the cut on the scion bud to be closely connected with the transverse cut of the stock, tightly adhering other parts of the scion bud to the stock, and then binding the scion bud with a plastic.
Further, the disinfection treatment in the scion adopts a method that ethanol is firstly used for disinfection and then disinfection is carried out for 20min by using a disinfection piece, the scion is treated by using plant hormone during the scion, and 200 plus 300PPM naphthylacetic acid is used for soaking for 6-8 h, so that the wound healing can be promoted, and the grafting survival rate can be improved.
Furthermore, the healing agent is indoleacetic acid with the concentration of 120-150 ppm, so that the healing of the grafting wound is facilitated, and the grafting survival rate is improved.
Furthermore, after grafting, watering is carried out timely and properly.
Table 1 example data:
| number of grafted roots | Number of surviving root | Survival rate | Survival time | |
| Example 1 | 100 | 76 | 76％ | 25-27 days |
| Example 2 | 100 | 79 | 79％ | 25-27 days |
| Example 3 | 100 | 91 | 91％ | 20-23 days |
By comparison of the above embodiments, the method is adopted for grafting, the grafting tool knife is disinfected and disinfected, but the healing agent is not used after grafting, the grafting time is slightly shortened but the survival rate is not high compared with the common grafting method, and the healing agent is used after the grafting tool knife is disinfected and grafted, so that the survival rate is high and the grafting time is short.
The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications should also be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A cherry grafting technology comprises the following steps:
selecting the rootstock: in the first year, when the cherry seeds sowed in spring are 9-10 months, the cherry is used as an anvil;
scion treatment: grafting the plum scions growing in the same year and with the same ground cherry base stock thickness on the base stocks, and grafting in a T-shaped bud grafting manner 4-6 cm away from the ground;
grafting of the base stock and the intermediate stock: cutting an anvil at the position 2-3 cm away from the upper end of the junction of the plum scion and the base stock every 4-5 months, namely 3 and 4 months in the second year, removing a plastic film strip of the scion, then wiping off the new sprout of the base stock for sprouting, and grafting the cherry scions with the same year and the same thickness as the intermediate stock on the intermediate stock in the same year by taking the plum scions as the intermediate stock in the 7-8 months by means of budding;
grafting: and (3) cutting off the middle stock at a position 4-6 cm away from the upper end of the joint of the middle stock and the base stock at the bud grafting position, reserving the middle stock with a certain length, cutting off the rest part, cutting off the middle stock at a position 0.5-2 cm away from the upper end of the joint of the cherry bud grafting and the middle stock when the cherry bud grafting is 14-16 cm away, and removing the plastic film at the bud grafting position, thereby completing the grafting of the dwarf cherry.
2. The cherry grafting technique of claim 1, wherein the grafting tool knife is sterilized during grafting.
3. The cherry grafting technique according to claim 1, wherein the healing agent is indoleacetic acid in an amount of 120-150 ppm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811490844.3A CN111279901A (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | Cherry grafting technology |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811490844.3A CN111279901A (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | Cherry grafting technology |
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| CN111279901A true CN111279901A (en) | 2020-06-16 |
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| CN201811490844.3A Withdrawn CN111279901A (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | Cherry grafting technology |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112369273A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-19 | 长宁县益康农业专业合作社 | Honey plum bud grafting cultivation method |
| CN113826495A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2021-12-24 | 海南吉祥蕈野生灵芝真菌生物科技有限公司 | Grafting method for replacing crown of durian high pile |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1294839A (en) * | 2000-11-28 | 2001-05-16 | 王崇 | Production process of dwarfed sweet cherry seedling |
| CN1522560A (en) * | 2003-07-18 | 2004-08-25 | 田盛波 | Dwarf sweet cherry seedling cultivation method |
| CN103891572A (en) * | 2014-03-15 | 2014-07-02 | 杨凌华丰苗木有限公司 | Method for breeding dwarfed interstock cherry seedlings |
-
2018
- 2018-12-07 CN CN201811490844.3A patent/CN111279901A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1294839A (en) * | 2000-11-28 | 2001-05-16 | 王崇 | Production process of dwarfed sweet cherry seedling |
| CN1522560A (en) * | 2003-07-18 | 2004-08-25 | 田盛波 | Dwarf sweet cherry seedling cultivation method |
| CN103891572A (en) * | 2014-03-15 | 2014-07-02 | 杨凌华丰苗木有限公司 | Method for breeding dwarfed interstock cherry seedlings |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 李臣淼: "矮化大樱桃嫁接培育技术 ", 《四川农业科技》 * |
| 李臣淼: "矮化大樱桃嫁接培育技术 ", 《果农之友》 * |
| 李臣淼: "矮化大樱桃嫁接培育技术", 《北京农业》 * |
| 王徐富等: "矮化大樱桃嫁接技术 ", 《农民致富之友》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112369273A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-19 | 长宁县益康农业专业合作社 | Honey plum bud grafting cultivation method |
| CN113826495A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2021-12-24 | 海南吉祥蕈野生灵芝真菌生物科技有限公司 | Grafting method for replacing crown of durian high pile |
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