CN111269729A - Method and system for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires - Google Patents
Method and system for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires Download PDFInfo
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- CN111269729A CN111269729A CN202010111195.2A CN202010111195A CN111269729A CN 111269729 A CN111269729 A CN 111269729A CN 202010111195 A CN202010111195 A CN 202010111195A CN 111269729 A CN111269729 A CN 111269729A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires, which comprises the following steps: (1) drying the dewatered sludge; (2) crushing the dried sludge and the waste tires respectively; (3) uniformly mixing the crushed sludge and the crushed solid particles of the waste tire according to a certain proportion, adding a zinc chloride solution, soaking for 20-30h at room temperature, and drying; (4) carrying out pyrolysis and carbonization on the dried material; (5) washing the pyrolyzed solid product by using dilute hydrochloric acid and deionized water in sequence, and drying to obtain biochar; the invention also provides a system for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires. The invention fully realizes the resource utilization and the energy efficient utilization of the waste tires, and avoids the resource waste caused by the accumulation of the waste tires and the environmental pollution caused by simple burning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a system for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires, and belongs to the field of comprehensive utilization of municipal waste and sludge resources.
Background
With the rapid development of the social economy and the urbanization process of China, the scale of the urban sewage treatment plant is continuously enlarged, and the sludge production is greatly increased. The municipal sludge in China has the characteristics of high water content, lower heat value of sludge components, easy generation of a large amount of odor and other harmful pollutants in the treatment process and the like.
The traditional sludge treatment method mainly comprises a marine abandoning method, a landfill method, a composting method and an incineration method:
1) marine abandonment method: directly throwing the sludge into the sea to damage a marine ecosystem and cause the deterioration of marine environment;
2) a landfill method: the sludge landfill occupies a large amount of land, so that usable land in suburban areas is reduced, even permanent waste is caused, the water content of the sludge is high, the viscosity of the sludge is high, the landfill operation is difficult, the landfill body is easy to deform and slide, and becomes a marshland, so that potential safety hazards are caused, in addition, the sludge is rich in harmful microorganisms such as pathogens and viruses, the pollution is strong, the ecological food chain is influenced, and the safety of residents is damaged;
3) a composting method: the sludge is added with a certain proportion of leavening agents and conditioning agents such as straws, sawdust or household garbage, and the like, and microorganisms of the sludge are utilized to ferment and convert into humic-like substances which are used as crop fertilizers, but pathogens of products after composting are still possible to survive, the fertilizer efficiency and nutrients of the compost are low, heavy metals and toxic organic matters cannot be controlled, and the application effect is not good;
4) the burning method comprises the following steps: the sludge is incinerated and burned in an incinerator, so that organic matters are completely carbonized, simultaneously, various pathogens are killed, and the final product is inorganic ash with the solid content of more than 99 percent, but the sludge has the defects of low heat value, high fuel consumption, heavy pollution, complex operation management, high investment, high operation cost and the like in the combustion process, so that the incineration method cannot be applied in a large scale.
Therefore, the traditional sludge treatment method cannot meet the social development requirement, and the development of a novel treatment technology is imperative.
The biochar has a very unique pore structure and surface functional groups, has the performances of acid resistance, alkali resistance, heat resistance and the like, and has the advantages of good chemical stability, strong adsorption capacity and convenient regeneration. The demand of the biochar is showing a trend of rising year by year along with the development of society and the improvement of living standard of people. But the raw material cost for preparing the biochar is high, the energy consumption is large, and the further development and application of the biochar are severely restricted. The sludge has high carbon and hydrogen content and more organic matter components, and the biochar with good performance can be prepared by carbonizing treatment at a certain temperature as a raw material for preparing the carbon adsorption material. The method has the advantages that: (1) the prepared sludge biochar replaces commercial biochar, so that raw material resources such as wood, coal and the like can be saved, and the production cost of the biochar is reduced; (2) the sludge is prepared into the biochar with good adsorption performance, and a new way is provided for the efficient resource utilization of the sludge in the municipal sewage plant.
Aiming at sludge treatment and production of biochar adsorbing materials, related researches are carried out by part of researchers. CN103396815A discloses a method for preparing carbon material from sludge, which is to dehydrate the sludge by a hydrothermal method and then use the dewatered sludge for anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas or biochar; the method requires consumption of external energy, increasing the cost of sludge treatment. CN102337142A discloses a method for preparing sewage carbon by utilizing a heat-conducting hollow blade vaporization reactor and a hollow blade carbonization reactor of a heat-conducting oil furnace, the produced sewage carbon is returned to the boiler to be combusted and heat to the vaporization reactor and the carbonization reactor; CN102358861A provides a method for preparing carbon-containing fuel for combustion by mixing sludge and biomass fuel with pulverized coal after deodorization and sterilization by lime method; the two methods are limited to the reduction treatment of the sludge and have low utilization value. CN102071033A discloses a disposal method for preparing charcoal by a sludge thermochemical method, which is to heat sludge to 170-250 ℃, and continuously inject gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and the like under the condition of totally closed heat preservation, so that organic matters, protein, fiber, zoogloea and the like in the sludge are concentrated into heat-formed rods (or balls) with the water content of less than or equal to 9 percent under the combined action of mechanical force and temperature for fuel combustion; the method for treating the sludge has the advantages of complex process, higher cost and high requirement on mechanical equipment. The above patents mainly obtain the sewage peat adsorption material with good performance by adjusting the carbonization temperature, atmosphere and activating agent, but all fail to solve the problems of high energy consumption and high raw material cost in the production process.
According to the research of scholars at home and abroad, the waste tire is solid waste with high heat value and high carbon content, and the heat productivity is 69%/kg higher than that of wood, 10%/kg higher than that of bituminous coal and 4%/kg higher than that of coke. The combustible gas obtained by pyrolysis of the tire mainly comprises hydrogen, methane and the like, can be used as fuel, and can also be combusted on site to supply heat for the requirement of the decomposition process, so that the heat required by the whole process system is supplied by itself, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved. According to the previous research, a proper amount of waste tire particles are added in the sludge pyrolysis process, so that a biochar product with high yield, large specific surface area and good porosity can be formed, and the prepared biochar can stabilize heavy metal elements in a crystal structure formed in the pyrolysis process, so that the heavy metal elements are prevented from being separated out in the using process, the immobilization effect is good, and the sludge is converted into the biochar product which is safe and harmless to the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires, and the prepared pyrolytic biochar has high adsorption performance.
The invention also provides a system for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires, comprising the following steps:
(1) drying the dewatered sludge;
(2) crushing the dried sludge and the waste tires respectively;
(3) uniformly mixing the crushed sludge and the crushed solid particles of the waste tire according to a certain proportion, adding a zinc chloride solution, soaking for 20-30h at room temperature, and drying;
(4) carrying out pyrolysis and carbonization on the dried material;
(5) and washing the pyrolyzed solid product by using dilute hydrochloric acid and deionized water in sequence, and drying to obtain the biochar.
Preferably, the sludge in the step (1) is sludge with the water content of less than 95% which is obtained by mechanical dehydration in a sewage plant;
wherein, the sludge drying method is direct drying or indirect drying, and the water content of the dried sludge is less than 30 percent.
Preferably, in the step (2), the particle sizes of the crushed sludge and the waste tire particles are both less than 30 mm.
Preferably, in the step (3), the mass of the solid particles of the waste tires accounts for 5% -15% of the total mass of the sludge and the solid particles of the waste tires.
Preferably, the concentration of the zinc chloride solution in the step (3) is 2.5 mol/L.
Preferably, the pyrolysis carbonization temperature of the mixture of the sludge and the waste tires in the step (4) is 700 ℃, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the pyrolysis carbonization time is 120 min.
In addition, the invention also provides a system for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires, which comprises a waste tire material preparing unit, a sludge material preparing unit and a material mixing unit;
the waste tire material preparation unit comprises a shredding device, a first crushing device, a first buffer bin and a first quantitative feeding device, the sludge material preparation unit comprises a front drying device, a second crushing device, a second buffer bin and a second quantitative feeding device, and the material mixing unit comprises a mixing device, a dosing activation device, a middle drying device, a carbonization device, a washing device and a rear drying device;
the waste tire material preparing unit, the sludge material preparing unit and the material mixing unit are connected with each other through conveying devices.
Preferably, the pyrolysis gas generated by the carbonization device is treated by the gas treatment device and then is used for burning and heating the carbonization device, and the flue gas generated by burning enters the drying device;
the carbonization device is a moving bed type or rotary kiln type carbonization furnace, and the gas treatment device is dry or wet gas purification equipment with a deacidification function.
Preferably, the front drying device is a rotary drying device, the middle drying device is a fluidized drying device, and the rear drying device is a disc type drying device.
Preferably, the shredding device is a tire shredder; the first crushing device is a shear type crusher, and the second crushing device is a roller type crusher;
the first quantitative feeding device and the second quantitative feeding device are screw feeders or star feeders;
the mixing device is one of a coulter type mixer, a rake type mixer, a rotary drum type mixer or a stirring type mixer; the conveying device is a belt conveyor or a scraper conveyor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention fully realizes the resource utilization and the energy efficient utilization of the waste tires, and avoids the resource waste caused by the accumulation of the waste tires and the environmental pollution caused by simple burning.
(2) The invention gives full play to the advantage of high calorific value of the waste tire, the pyrolysis gas generated in the carbonization process is burnt as the external heat source of carbonization, the flue gas generated after the combustion is used for drying and dehydrating sludge, activated mixed materials, biochar and the like, the problem of energy self-sufficiency in the whole process of the process is thoroughly solved, the clean production and circular economy concepts are fully reflected, and the energy-saving and cost-reducing benefits are obvious.
(3) The invention prepares the biochar by mixing and pyrolyzing the sludge and the waste tire containing a large amount of organic matters and combining the biochar with ZnCl2The activation pore-forming method by soaking in solution makes the pyrolysis process easier to proceedCompared with the mode of directly burning, pyrolyzing and adding crop such as corn straws and the like for pyrolysis, the method is favorable for forming the biochar product with high yield, large specific surface area and good porosity, and the prepared biochar can stabilize heavy metal elements in a crystal structure formed in the pyrolysis process, prevent the heavy metal elements from being separated out in the use process, has good immobilization effect and realizes the conversion of residual sludge to the biochar product which is safe and harmless to the environment.
(4) The method for preparing the carbon adsorption material by mixing and pyrolyzing the waste tires and the sludge introduces the municipal waste into the field of carbon material preparation, changes waste into valuable, has simple and practical process, greatly reduces the cost of preparing the carbon adsorption material by the sludge, improves the market competitiveness and has wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM photograph of biochar prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of a process unit of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises a shredding device, 2, a first crushing device, 3, a first buffer bin, 4, a first quantitative feeding device, 5, a front drying device, 6, a second crushing device, 7, a second buffer bin, 8, a second quantitative feeding device, 9, a mixing device, 10, a dosing and activating device, 11, a middle drying device, 12, a carbonizing device, 13, a washing device, 14, a rear drying device, 15, a gas processing device, 16 and a conveying device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below. It should be understood, however, that the description herein of specific embodiments is only intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
A method for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires comprises the following steps:
(1) drying the dewatered sludge;
(2) crushing the dried sludge and the waste tires respectively;
(3) uniformly mixing the crushed sludge and the crushed solid particles of the waste tire according to a certain proportion, adding a zinc chloride solution, soaking for 20-30h at room temperature, and drying;
(4) carrying out pyrolysis and carbonization on the dried material;
(5) and washing the pyrolyzed solid product by using dilute hydrochloric acid and deionized water in sequence, and drying to obtain the biochar.
Preferably, the sludge in the step (1) is sludge with the water content of less than 95% which is obtained by mechanical dehydration in a sewage plant;
wherein, the sludge drying method is direct drying or indirect drying, and the water content of the dried sludge is less than 30 percent.
Preferably, in the step (2), the particle sizes of the crushed sludge and the waste tire particles are both less than 30 mm.
Preferably, in the step (3), the mass of the solid particles of the waste tires accounts for 5% -15% of the total mass of the sludge and the solid particles of the waste tires.
Preferably, the concentration of the zinc chloride solution in the step (3) is 2.5 mol/L.
Preferably, the pyrolysis carbonization temperature of the mixture of the sludge and the waste tires in the step (4) is 700 ℃, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the pyrolysis carbonization time is 120 min.
In addition, the invention also provides a system for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires, which comprises a waste tire material preparing unit, a sludge material preparing unit and a material mixing unit;
the waste tire material preparation unit comprises a shredding device 1, a first crushing device 2, a first buffer bin 3 and a first quantitative feeding device 4, the sludge material preparation unit comprises a front drying device 5, a second crushing device 6, a second buffer bin 7 and a second quantitative feeding device 8, and the material mixing unit comprises a mixing device 9, a medicine adding and activating device 10, a middle drying device 11, a carbonization device 12, a washing device 13 and a rear drying device 14;
the waste tire material preparing unit, the sludge material preparing unit and the material mixing unit are connected with each other through a conveying device 16.
Preferably, the pyrolysis gas generated by the carbonization device 12 is treated by the gas treatment device 15 and then used for burning and heating the carbonization device 12, and the flue gas generated by burning enters each drying device;
the carbonization device 12 is a moving bed type or rotary kiln type carbonization furnace, and the gas treatment device 15 is dry or wet gas purification equipment with a deacidification function.
Preferably, the front drying device 5 is a rotary drying device, the middle drying device 11 is a fluidized drying device, and the rear drying device 14 is a disc type drying device.
Preferably, the shredding device 1 is a tyre shredder; the first crushing device 2 is a shear type crusher, and the second crushing device 6 is a roller type crusher;
the first quantitative feeding device 4 and the second quantitative feeding device 8 are screw feeders or star feeders;
the mixing device 9 is one of a coulter type mixer, a rake type mixer, a rotary drum type mixer or a stirring type mixer; the conveying device 16 is a belt conveyor or a scraper conveyor.
Example 1
A method for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires comprises the following steps:
(1) taking sludge with the water content of less than 95 percent after mechanical dehydration and drying in a sewage plant, and directly drying and controlling the water content of the dried sludge to be less than 30 percent;
(2) respectively crushing the sludge dried in the step (1) and waste tires taken from a recovery station until the granularity is less than 30 mm;
(3) weighing 0.1kg of crushed sludge and 0.9kg of crushed solid particles of waste tires, uniformly mixing, adding a zinc chloride solution with the concentration of 2.5mol/L to immerse the sludge and the solid particles of the waste tires in the zinc chloride solution, immersing for 24 hours at room temperature, and drying;
(4) pyrolyzing and carbonizing the material dried in the step (3) for 120min at 700 ℃ (the temperature rise rate is controlled to be 10 ℃/min);
(5) and washing the pyrolysis carbonization product by using conventional dilute hydrochloric acid and deionized water in sequence, and drying to obtain the biochar.
The biochar obtained was determined in the laboratory in a yield of 64.77%.
In terms of adsorption performance: the specific surface area of the biochar is 806.15m2/g, and the iodine adsorption value is 619.69 mg/g;
the heavy metal immobilization proportion is as follows: cu, 91.10%; ni, 88.64%; 68.07% of Cr; cd, 77.20%; zn, 89.69%; pb, 84.12%.
In addition, fig. 1 provides an SEM image of the biochar prepared in this example, and it can be seen that the morphology of the biochar has a distinct pore structure.
Compared with the biochar prepared only by using sludge (the yield is 45.70%, the specific surface area is 632.54m2/g, the iodine adsorption value is 506.27mg/g, the heavy metal immobilization ratio is Cu, 85.22%, Ni, 83.27%, Cr, 60.81%, Cd, 71.45%, Zn, 87.36%, Pb, 76.20%), all the performances of the biochar are remarkably improved.
The elemental ratio analysis was performed on the biochar prepared in this example and the biochar prepared using only sludge, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 elemental ratio analysis of biochar samples
Analysis table 1 shows that, compared with the biochar prepared by only using the sludge, the H/C value of the biochar prepared by the embodiment is reduced by 34.04%, which indicates that the aromatizing degree of the biochar prepared by the embodiment is enhanced, and meanwhile, the waste tires catalyze the pyrolysis of the sludge; the O/C value is reduced by 12.80 percent, which shows that the hydrophilicity of the biochar prepared in the embodiment is reduced; the value of (O + N)/C is reduced by 11.90 percent, which shows that the polarity of the biochar prepared in the embodiment is reduced; the C/N value is increased by 11.27%, so that the surface functional groups of the biochar prepared by the embodiment are reduced, the properties are more stable, and the biochar is not easy to mineralize and decompose.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, a system for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires comprises a waste tire preparation unit, a sludge preparation unit and a mixing unit;
the waste tire material preparation unit comprises a shredding device 1, a first crushing device 2, a first buffer bin 3 and a first quantitative feeding device 4, and the shredding device 1, the first crushing device 2, the first buffer bin 3 and the first quantitative feeding device 4 are sequentially connected through a conveying device 16;
the sludge material preparation unit comprises a front drying device 5, a second crushing device 6, a second buffer bin 7 and a second quantitative feeding device 8, and the front drying device 5, the second crushing device 6, the second buffer bin 7 and the second quantitative feeding device 8 are sequentially connected through a conveying device 16;
the mixing unit comprises a mixing device 9, a dosing activation device 10, a middle drying device 11, a carbonization device 12, a washing device 13 and a post-drying device 14, and the mixing device 9, the dosing activation device 10, the middle drying device 11, the carbonization device 12, the washing device 13 and the post-drying device 14 are sequentially connected through a conveying device 16;
and the first quantitative feeding device 4 is connected with the mixing device 9, and the second quantitative feeding device 8 is connected with the mixing device 9 through the conveying device 16, so that the waste tire material preparing unit, the sludge material preparing unit and the material mixing unit are connected.
In addition, the pyrolysis gas generated by the carbonizing device 12 is processed by the gas processing device 15 and is used for burning and heating the carbonizing device 12; the flue gas generated by combustion enters the front drying device 5, the middle drying device 11 and the rear drying device 14 respectively.
The equipment in the system of the invention is explained as follows, and the following devices can be directly purchased in the market:
the shredding device 1 is a common tire shredder; the first crushing device 2 is a tire shearing type crusher;
the first buffer bin 3 is a common bin, the upper part of the first buffer bin is cylindrical, the lower part of the first buffer bin is conical, or the upper part of the first buffer bin is square, and the lower part of the first buffer bin is pyramidal;
the first quantitative feeding device 4 is a screw feeder or a star-shaped feeder; the front drying device 5 is rotary drying equipment;
the second crushing device 6 is a roller crusher;
the second buffer bin 7 is a common bin, the upper part of the second buffer bin is cylindrical, the lower part of the second buffer bin is conical, or the upper part of the second buffer bin is square, and the lower part of the second buffer bin is pyramidal;
the second quantitative feeding device 8 is a screw feeder or a star-shaped feeder;
the mixing device 9 is any one of a coulter type mixer, a rake type mixer, a rotary drum type mixer or a stirring type mixer;
the dosing activation device 10 is a combination configuration of a material storage tank and an automatic dosing stirrer;
the middle drying device 11 is fluidized drying equipment;
the carbonization device 12 is a common biomass carbonization furnace, and can be a moving bed type or rotary kiln type carbonization furnace;
the washing device 13 is an acid washing and water washing integrated device; the post-drying device 14 is a disc type drying apparatus;
the gas treatment device 15 is a dry or wet gas purification device with a deacidification function;
the conveyor 16 is a belt conveyor or a flight conveyor.
The method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing crushed waste tires with dried sludge according to a certain proportion, carbonizing the mixed materials after zinc chloride activation pore-forming to prepare the carbon adsorption material, burning pyrolysis gas generated in the carbonization process to be used as an external heat source for carbonization, and drying and dehydrating the sludge, the activated mixed materials, the washed biochar and the like by using flue gas generated by burning, so that the problem of energy self-sufficiency in the process of preparing the carbon adsorption material by pyrolyzing the sludge is solved.
The method introduces the municipal refuse into the technical field of preparing the carbon material from the sludge, utilizes the waste tires to improve the performance index of the sludge pyrolytic carbon, and simultaneously exerts the advantage of high calorific value of the waste tires, thereby thoroughly solving the problems of large energy consumption, high cost and the like in the processes of material drying and carbonization, avoiding resource waste caused by waste tire accumulation and environmental pollution caused by simple incineration, realizing high added value utilization of the waste tires, fully reflecting the concepts of clean production and circular economy, and having obvious energy-saving and environmental-protection benefits. The method has simple and practical process, greatly reduces the cost of preparing the carbon adsorption material from the sludge, improves the market competitiveness and has wide application prospect.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) drying the dewatered sludge;
(2) crushing the dried sludge and the waste tires respectively;
(3) uniformly mixing the crushed sludge and the crushed solid particles of the waste tire according to a certain proportion, adding a zinc chloride solution, soaking for 20-30h at room temperature, and drying;
(4) carrying out pyrolysis and carbonization on the dried material;
(5) and washing the pyrolyzed solid product by using dilute hydrochloric acid and deionized water in sequence, and drying to obtain the biochar.
2. The method for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires according to claim 1, wherein the sludge in the step (1) is sludge with the water content of less than 95% after mechanical dehydration in a sewage plant;
wherein, the sludge drying method is direct drying or indirect drying, and the water content of the dried sludge is less than 30 percent.
3. The method for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the granularity of the crushed sludge and the crushed waste tire particles is less than 30 mm.
4. The method for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (3), the mass of the waste tire solid particles accounts for 5% -15% of the total mass of the sludge and the waste tire solid particles.
5. The method for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the concentration of the zinc chloride solution in the step (3) is 2.5 mol/L.
6. The method for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires according to claim 1, wherein the mixture of sludge and waste tires in the step (4) has a pyrolysis carbonization temperature of 700 ℃, a temperature rise rate of 10 ℃/min and a pyrolysis carbonization time of 120 min.
7. A system for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires is characterized by comprising a waste tire material preparation unit, a sludge material preparation unit and a material mixing unit;
the waste tire material preparation unit comprises a shredding device (1), a first crushing device (2), a first buffer bin (3) and a first quantitative feeding device (4), the sludge material preparation unit comprises a front drying device (5), a second crushing device (6), a second buffer bin (7) and a second quantitative feeding device (8), and the material mixing unit comprises a mixing device (9), a medicine adding activation device (10), a middle drying device (11), a carbonization device (12), a washing device (13) and a rear drying device (14);
the waste tire material preparing unit, the sludge material preparing unit and the material mixing unit are connected with each other through a conveying device (16).
8. The system for preparing biochar by utilizing co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires as claimed in claim 7, wherein the pyrolysis gas generated by the carbonizing device (12) is treated by a gas treatment device (15) and is used for burning and heating the carbonizing device (12), and the flue gas generated by burning enters a drying device;
the carbonization device (12) is a moving bed type or rotary kiln type carbonization furnace, and the gas treatment device (15) is dry or wet gas purification equipment with a deacidification function.
9. The system for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires as claimed in claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the front drying device (5) is a rotary drying device, the middle drying device (11) is a fluidized drying device, and the rear drying device (14) is a disc type drying device.
10. The system for preparing biochar by co-pyrolysis of sludge and waste tires according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the shredding device (1) is a tire shredder; the first crushing device (2) is a shear type crusher, and the second crushing device (6) is a roller type crusher;
the first quantitative feeding device (4) and the second quantitative feeding device (8) are screw feeders or star feeders;
the mixing device (9) is one of a coulter type mixer, a rake type mixer, a rotary drum type mixer or a stirring type mixer; the conveying device (16) is a belt conveyor or a scraper conveyor.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112044395A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-12-08 | 东莞理工学院 | Phosphate adsorbent preparation system and method using excess sludge and biological shell wastes as raw materials |
| CN114907003A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-16 | 苏州市易柯露环保科技有限公司 | Closed-loop sludge resource renewable treatment system |
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| CN102728321A (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2012-10-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for preparing adsorbent by using municipal sludge and waste tires |
| CN103396835A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2013-11-20 | 华中科技大学 | Method for simultaneously preparing clean gaseous fuel and adsorbent by sludge |
| CN103951153A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-07-30 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | Method and system for preparing carbon adsorbent material by mixing waste plastics with sludge |
| KR20180007872A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2018-01-24 | 주식회사 대양환경이앤씨 | Absorbent composition for removing phosphorus of underwater, methods of manufacturing and recycling the same and absorbent device |
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| CN102728321A (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2012-10-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for preparing adsorbent by using municipal sludge and waste tires |
| CN103396835A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2013-11-20 | 华中科技大学 | Method for simultaneously preparing clean gaseous fuel and adsorbent by sludge |
| CN103951153A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-07-30 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | Method and system for preparing carbon adsorbent material by mixing waste plastics with sludge |
| KR20180007872A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2018-01-24 | 주식회사 대양환경이앤씨 | Absorbent composition for removing phosphorus of underwater, methods of manufacturing and recycling the same and absorbent device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112044395A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-12-08 | 东莞理工学院 | Phosphate adsorbent preparation system and method using excess sludge and biological shell wastes as raw materials |
| CN114907003A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-16 | 苏州市易柯露环保科技有限公司 | Closed-loop sludge resource renewable treatment system |
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