CN111233274A - Method for repairing black, odorous and inferior V-class water body - Google Patents
Method for repairing black, odorous and inferior V-class water body Download PDFInfo
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- CN111233274A CN111233274A CN202010125208.1A CN202010125208A CN111233274A CN 111233274 A CN111233274 A CN 111233274A CN 202010125208 A CN202010125208 A CN 202010125208A CN 111233274 A CN111233274 A CN 111233274A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a method for restoring a black and odorous inferior V-class water body, which comprises the steps of adding sodium hypochlorite into the black and odorous inferior V-class water body; placing cloth which is treated by a front-end biological rope and is used for reducing nutrient salt in the black, odorous and inferior V-class water body into the black, odorous and inferior V-class water body; and (4) planting submerged plants in the black and odorous poor V-class water body. The sodium hypochlorite can reduce the turbidity of a water body, improve the transparency, ensure the sunlight to shine into the water body, ensure the normal photosynthesis of submerged plants, and provide an attachment carrier for the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the water body after reducing nutrient salts by utilizing the cloth treated by the front-end biological rope, improve the biomass, ensure that the biomass is not easy to lose in the water and ensure the generation continuity of the water body; the biomembrane formed on the surface of the biological rope carrier absorbs and assimilates pollutants in river water, so that the biological rope carrier has a strong purifying effect on pollutants in a water body, can simply and effectively improve the survival rate of aquatic plants, reduces the labor cost and enhances the growth stability of the aquatic plants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water body ecological environment treatment, and particularly relates to a method for restoring black, smelly and bad V-class water bodies.
Background
In the practice of ecological environmental management of lakes or rivers, the most commonly adopted measures are to utilize submerged plants for management, which are to ensure the effective growth of the submerged plants and gradually form a stable ecological system, and it is important to maintain the balance of animals and plants in the environment and control the boundary conditions of growth and reproduction, such as turbidity and dissolved oxygen conditions of the water body, illumination intensity, nutritive salts, bottom mud properties, water flow speed and depth, temperature, pH value, heavy metals, and animal and plant influence. However, an effective method for restoring the black and odorous poor V-class water body does not exist at present, because the survival of the submerged plants cannot be easily guaranteed by the existing measures.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for repairing black, odorous and inferior V-class water bodies, which can simply and effectively improve the survival rate of aquatic plants, reduce the labor cost and enhance the growth stability of the aquatic plants.
The invention provides a method for restoring a black and odorous inferior V-class water body, which comprises the following steps:
adding sodium hypochlorite into the black and odorous inferior V-class water body;
placing cloth which is treated by a front-end biological rope and is used for reducing nutrient salt in the black, odorous and inferior V-class water body into the black, odorous and inferior V-class water body;
and planting submerged plants in the black and odorous inferior V-class water body.
Preferably, in the method for restoring a black and odorous poor V-class water body, the method further includes:
stirring the bottom sludge in the black and odorous inferior V-type water body, and releasing sulfur-containing substances and nitrogen-containing substances in the bottom sludge.
Preferably, in the method for restoring a black and odorous poor V-class water body, the method further includes:
and adding a PAC reagent for reducing the concentration of suspended matters into the black, odorous and inferior V-type water body.
Preferably, in the method for restoring a black and odorous poor V-class water body, the method further includes:
and increasing the flow velocity of the water in the black and odorous inferior V-class water body by using a local surface aerator.
Preferably, in the method for restoring a black and odorous poor V-class water body, the method further includes:
and removing the tilapia mossambica in the black, smelly and bad V-class water body.
Preferably, in the method for repairing a black and odorous inferior V-class water body, the step of removing tilapia mossambica in the black and odorous inferior V-class water body is as follows:
putting natural enemies of tilapia mossambica into the black and odorous poor V-class water body;
or catching the tilapia by using a fish blocking net;
or fishing the tilapia by using an electric killing mode.
Preferably, in the method for restoring a black and odorous poor V-class water body, the method further includes:
and removing the snail in the black and odorous inferior V-class water body.
Preferably, in the method for repairing a poor black and odorous water body of class V, the removing of the spiro in the poor black and odorous water body of class V is:
putting animals eating snails into the black, smelly and inferior V-class water body;
or, the snail is picked up manually.
Preferably, in the method for restoring the black and odorous inferior V-class water body, the planting of submerged plants in the black and odorous inferior V-class water body comprises:
at the initial stage of sowing seeds or planting seedlings, the following boundary conditions are controlled: the total nitrogen concentration of the water body is lower than 2mg/L, the transparency is larger than 25cm, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is lower than 1.2mg/L, the water flow speed is lower than 0.2m/s, and the water depth is 25 cm-40 cm.
According to the above description, the method for restoring the black and odorous inferior V-class water body provided by the invention comprises the steps of firstly adding sodium hypochlorite into the black and odorous inferior V-class water body; then, placing cloth which is treated by a front-end biological rope and is used for reducing nutrient salt in the black, odorous and inferior V-class water body into the black, odorous and inferior V-class water body; submerged plants are planted in the black, smelly and inferior V-shaped water body, the sodium hypochlorite can reduce the turbidity of the water body, improve the transparency, ensure the sunlight to shine into the water body and ensure the normal photosynthesis of the submerged plants, and after the nutritive salt is reduced by the cloth treated by the front-end biological rope, an attachment carrier is provided for the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the water body, the biomass is improved, the submerged plants are not easy to lose in the water, and the generation continuity of the submerged plants is ensured; the biomembrane formed on the surface of the biological rope carrier absorbs and assimilates pollutants in river water, so that the biological rope carrier has a strong purifying effect on pollutants in a water body, can simply and effectively improve the survival rate of aquatic plants, reduces the labor cost and enhances the growth stability of the aquatic plants.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for repairing a black and odorous inferior V-class water body provided by the present application.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide a method for restoring the black, odorous and inferior V-class water body, which can simply and effectively improve the survival rate of the aquatic plants, reduce the labor cost and enhance the growth stability of the aquatic plants.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
An embodiment of a method for repairing a black and odorous inferior V-class water body provided by the present application is shown in fig. 1, where fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the method for repairing a black and odorous inferior V-class water body provided by the present application, and the method includes the following steps:
s1: adding sodium hypochlorite into the black and odorous inferior V-class water body;
it should be noted that, the submerged plant needs a certain illumination intensity for growth and propagation, and although strong light stimulation is not needed in the germination period, when the relative illumination intensity is less than 5%, seedling whitening and photosynthesis blocking are caused, so before the submerged plant is planted, a suitable chemical reagent such as sodium hypochlorite can be used for reducing the turbidity of the water body and improving the transparency of the water body, and for example, the water depth of 2.5m is taken as an example, the transparency can be improved to 70 cm.
S2: placing cloth which is treated by a front-end biological rope and is used for reducing nutrient salt in the black, odorous and inferior V-class water body into the black, odorous and inferior V-class water body;
specifically, the eutrophication degrees of different water bodies are different, high-concentration nutritive salt is used as an important factor for promoting the eutrophication of the water bodies, the growth influence on submerged plants is very obvious, low-concentration ammonia nitrogen, such as 1.2mg/L, has a slight promotion effect on growth, but when the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen exceeds 4mg/L, the relative growth rate of the aquatic plants is obviously reduced, when the concentration reaches 16mg/L, the submerged plants (hydrilla verticillata) die in more than 20 days, therefore, the measures of reducing the nutritive salt in the water body are laid by adopting front-end biological rope treatment, the biological rope biofilm has the characteristics of large specific surface area, high strength and strong microorganism adhesion compared with the traditional biofilm-forming filler, can provide an adhesion carrier for the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the water body, improve the biomass, ensure that the biological rope does not easily run off in water, ensure the continuity of the biological rope carrier, and form a biofilm on the surface of the biological rope, the biological rope has strong purification effect on pollutants in water by absorbing and assimilating the pollutants in the river water as nutrients, and the treatment capacity of the biological rope can be 9gCOD/d per m.
S3: and (4) planting submerged plants in the black and odorous poor V-class water body.
Just by adopting the measures of the two steps, the effective survival and growth of the planted submerged plants can be ensured.
According to the above description, in the embodiment of the method for repairing the black and odorous inferior V-class water body provided by the present application, sodium hypochlorite is firstly added into the black and odorous inferior V-class water body; then, placing cloth which is treated by a front-end biological rope and is used for reducing nutrient salt in the black, odorous and inferior V-class water body into the black, odorous and inferior V-class water body; then, submerged plants are planted in the black, odorous and inferior V-shaped water body, the sodium hypochlorite can reduce the turbidity of the water body, improve the transparency, ensure that sunlight shines into the water body and ensure that the submerged plants carry out normal photosynthesis, and after the nutritive salt is reduced by utilizing the cloth treated by the front-end biological rope, an attachment carrier is provided for the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the water body, the biomass is improved, so that the submerged plants are not easy to lose in water, and the generation continuity of the submerged plants is ensured; the biomembrane formed on the surface of the biological rope carrier absorbs and assimilates pollutants in river water, so that the biological rope carrier has a strong purifying effect on pollutants in a water body, can simply and effectively improve the survival rate of aquatic plants, reduces the labor cost and enhances the growth stability of the aquatic plants.
In a specific embodiment of the above method for restoring a black and odorous inferior V-class water body, the method may further include the following steps:
stirring the bottom sludge in the black and odorous inferior V-class water body to release sulfur-containing substances and nitrogen-containing substances in the bottom sludge.
Specifically, the sediment contains various organic matters and inorganic nutritive salts, and can provide various elements for aquatic plants, including trace elements, the sediment of a general black, odorous and inferior V-type water body is mainly organic sediments and is rich in sulfur, nitrogen and phosphorus, and excessive nutritive elements are not beneficial to growth, so that a jet stirring device is adopted, and an MFSJ multifunctional jet device is adopted and has the functions of being horizontally arranged at a position 30-50cm away from the sediment, firstly, an air inlet of the jet device is opened to supply oxygen and aerate, then, an air inlet pipe is closed, the sediment is stirred by high-jet-speed water flow of the jet device, the sediment is continuously oxidized, substances containing sulfur and nitrogen are released, and excessive sulfur and ammonia nitrogen in the sediment are reduced, and the mode of ' 3 ', 2 and 1 ' is generally adopted, namely, the sediment runs for three hours, the stirring for two hours, and the sediment stands for one hour.
In another specific embodiment of the above method for restoring a black and odorous inferior V-class water body, the method may further include the following steps:
and adding a PAC reagent for reducing the concentration of suspended matters into the black and odorous poor V-type water body.
It should be noted that the influence of the suspended matter in the water body on the growth process of the submerged plant mainly includes two aspects: firstly, the suspended matters reduce the transparency of the water body, reduce the total solar radiation and the effective light energy in the water body, and are not beneficial to normal photosynthesis of submerged plants; secondly, a part of suspended matters are easy to adhere to plant leaves, directly weaken the photosynthetic capacity and possibly cause the obstruction of gas exchange and nutrient exchange between plants and a water body, thereby influencing the growth of submerged plants. PAC reagent (polyaluminium chloride) as an inorganic high-molecular coagulant has the performances of adsorption, coagulation, precipitation and the like, is generally added at a concentration of 10% in the early stage of planting and in the seedling period with a certain flow rate, and can reduce the concentration of suspended matters and improve the transparency. In addition, the propagation of algae is controlled, and the details are not repeated here.
In another specific embodiment of the above method for restoring a black and odorous inferior V-class water body, the method may further include the following steps:
the flow velocity of water in the black and odorous inferior V-class water body is increased by using the local surface aerator.
It should be noted that the movement of the water flow can produce stretching, stirring and dragging effects on the submerged plants, and directly influence the growth. The water flow has the function of assisting in conveying nutrient substances and oxygen to the biological membrane on the surface of the riverbed, and influencing the growth of the biological membrane and the succession of microbial communities. The thickness of the biological membrane on the surface of the riverbed in the high-flow-velocity water body is smaller than that in the low-flow-velocity water body, and the low-flow-velocity water body is beneficial to improving the biomass of the biological membrane. Because the static water flow rate is too low, a local surface aerator can be adopted, and the following parameters can be selected: the flow rate is 15m3The water body can reach 0.01m/s to 0.02m/s within the influence range, the water body is just positioned at the boundary where the plant photosynthesis is inhibited, the diffusion of the population ecology is more convenient, and the diffusion effect of partial adding biological reagents is met.
In addition, the water temperature is preferably kept stable and basically between 19 and 27 ℃, and sudden temperature reduction cannot occur, so that the normal growth of the aquatic weeds is ensured.
From the aspect of population, competition exists among populations, and some animals eating aquatic plants play a role in inhibiting the growth and development of verticillium verticillatum, wherein the tilapia is omnivorous fishes mainly taking plants as main materials, is greedy and has large food intake; the fish grows rapidly, and the young fishes grow faster and have low oxygen resistance and generally inhabit the lower layer of water. The method has the advantages that the submerged plant planted in the river channel treatment process is extremely strong in broken ring shape, and roots and stems of the submerged plant are bitten off, so that the growth condition of the submerged plant becomes extremely bad, and therefore the method provides an optimal embodiment of the method for restoring the black, smelly and bad V-class water body, and the method can further comprise the following steps:
removing the tilapia from the black, smelly and bad V-class water body.
Further, the step of removing tilapia from the black, smelly and bad V-class water body may specifically be:
putting natural enemies of tilapia mossambica into the black and odorous inferior V-class water body, specifically, tilapia mossambica can be used as a food organism, and the food organism is controlled by predation, such as wild duck, cormorant, herring or snakehead;
or catching tilapia by using a fish blocking net, namely, gathering the tilapia by arranging a plurality of fish blocking nets in a river channel area in a manual driving mode, and catching and collecting the tilapia by using the fish blocking nets;
or, the tilapia is salvaged by an electric killing mode, namely, after the area of the heavy points is divided into pieces and is surrounded by nets, the tilapia is electrocuted piece by piece and is timely salvaged.
In addition, 3-11 months per year is the breeding season of ampullaria gigas, wherein 5-8 months is the full breeding period, the water temperature is suitable to be 18-30 ℃, multiple spawning can be realized through one-time fertilization, spawning starts 3-5 days after mating, and female snails climb onto the pool wall 15-40 cm away from the water surface, the stumps and the stems and leaves of aquatic plants to spawn at night. Oval, pink, and an oval diameter of about 2 mm. The eggs are mutually adhered into blocks, each egg is laid by 200-1000 eggs, each egg can be laid by 20-40 times in one year, the egg laying amount is 3-5 ten thousand eggs, and the snails can seriously influence the normal growth of aquatic plants, so that another preferable embodiment of the method for restoring the black, odorous and inferior V-class water body is provided, and the method can further comprise the following steps:
removing the snail in the black and odorous inferior V-class water body.
Furthermore, animals such as wild ducks which eat snails can be put into the black, smelly and inferior V-class water body and are controlled by predation;
or, the snails are picked up manually, or bamboo poles are arranged in the float grass area, and according to the growth habit of the snails, the snails can climb at a high place to lay eggs, and are picked up every day to control the biomass of the snails.
Additionally, growing submerged plants in the black and odorous inferior V-class water body may include: at the initial stage of sowing seeds or planting seedlings, the following boundary conditions are controlled: the total nitrogen concentration of the water body is lower than 2mg/L, the transparency is larger than 25cm, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is lower than 1.2mg/L, the water flow speed is lower than 0.2m/s, and the water depth is 25 cm-40 cm; when the later period comes, the boundary condition is not needed to be controlled.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A method for restoring black and odorous poor V-class water bodies is characterized by comprising the following steps:
adding sodium hypochlorite into the black and odorous inferior V-class water body;
placing cloth which is treated by a front-end biological rope and is used for reducing nutrient salt in the black, odorous and inferior V-class water body into the black, odorous and inferior V-class water body;
and planting submerged plants in the black and odorous inferior V-class water body.
2. The method for remediating a black and odorous inferior class V water body as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
stirring the bottom sludge in the black and odorous inferior V-type water body, and releasing sulfur-containing substances and nitrogen-containing substances in the bottom sludge.
3. The method for remediating a black and odorous inferior class V water body as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
and adding a PAC reagent for reducing the concentration of suspended matters into the black, odorous and inferior V-type water body.
4. The method for remediating a black and odorous inferior class V water body as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
and increasing the flow velocity of the water in the black and odorous inferior V-class water body by using a local surface aerator.
5. The method for remediating a black and odorous inferior class V water body as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
and removing the tilapia mossambica in the black, smelly and bad V-class water body.
6. The method for remediating bad black and bad smell V-class water of claim 5, wherein the removing of tilapia mossambica in the bad black and bad smell V-class water is:
putting natural enemies of tilapia mossambica into the black and odorous poor V-class water body;
or catching the tilapia by using a fish blocking net;
or fishing the tilapia by using an electric killing mode.
7. The method for remediating a black and odorous inferior class V water body as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
and removing the snail in the black and odorous inferior V-class water body.
8. The method for remediating a bad black and bad odor class V water body as recited in claim 7, wherein said removing the spiro from the bad black and bad odor class V water body is:
putting animals eating snails into the black, smelly and inferior V-class water body;
or, the snail is picked up manually.
9. The method of remediating a poor black and odorous class V water body as recited in claim 1, wherein growing submerged plants in the poor black and odorous class V water body comprises:
at the initial stage of sowing seeds or planting seedlings, the following boundary conditions are controlled: the total nitrogen concentration of the water body is lower than 2mg/L, the transparency is larger than 25cm, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is lower than 1.2mg/L, the water flow speed is lower than 0.2m/s, and the water depth is 25 cm-40 cm.
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