CN111231906A - 实现电池更换过程中的最优操作点的方法 - Google Patents

实现电池更换过程中的最优操作点的方法 Download PDF

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CN111231906A
CN111231906A CN201911173812.5A CN201911173812A CN111231906A CN 111231906 A CN111231906 A CN 111231906A CN 201911173812 A CN201911173812 A CN 201911173812A CN 111231906 A CN111231906 A CN 111231906A
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battery
electric vehicle
voltage level
replacement
battery voltage
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M.维迪亚
A.巴纳杰
G.V.维延德兰
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Robert Bosch GmbH
Wago Verwaltungs GmbH
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Abstract

公开了实现更换电动车辆12中的电池14时的最优操作点的方法。在电动车辆12处于功能模式时感测电动车辆12中的电池电压电平。基于感测到的电池电压电平来确定电动车辆12可以行进的距离。在电池电压电平低于阈值时检测预定义距离内的至少一个电池更换中心16。关于电动车辆12的检测到的电池电压电平来升级至少一个电池更换中心16以用于电动车辆12的电池14的更换。

Description

实现电池更换过程中的最优操作点的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及更换电动车辆中的电池的方法的领域。本发明还涉及通过学习技术来实现更换过程的高效且最优操作点。
背景技术
电动车辆的电池更换已经被吹捧为可以帮助解决电动车辆的大规模采用的一些关键障碍的解决方案。然而，考虑到从事车辆和电池两者的制造和零售的众多行业参与者，电池更换的成功取决于生态系统的可持续性，其中多个利益相关者可以参与以实现可持续的操作条件区域。
现有技术专利申请US 20120248868公开了与电池车站结合采用的电池车采用可更换电池配置。对不同类型的电池的访问（access）通过取决于给定电池的感测能量将电池选择性地耦合到一个或多个电网的开关控制处理器来控制。对不同类型的电池的访问是基于车辆操作的需求。基于这样的配置，与电池车通信的可更换电池车站然后可以根据需要选择性地替换电池。
附图说明
在说明书中详细公开并在附图中图示了本发明的不同模式：
图1图示了用于根据本发明的一个实施例的电动车辆中的电池更换的系统；以及
图2图示了更换电动车辆中的电池的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
图1图示了根据本发明的一个实施例的电动车辆12中的控制单元13。控制单元13适于在电动车辆12处于功能模式时感测电动车辆12中的电池电压电平，并基于感测到的电池电压电平来确定电动车辆12可以行进的距离。控制单元13适于在电池电压电平低于阈值时检测预定义距离内的至少一个电池更换中心16，并且关于电动车辆12的检测到的电池电压电平来更新至少一个电池更换中心16以用于电动车辆12的电池14的更换。
此外，如下解释包括控制单元13和系统10的组件的系统10的构造。控制单元13适于确定电动车辆12的电池14的更换期间的最优操作点。最优操作点是其中在电动车辆12处于功能模式时控制单元13使用电动车辆电池14的最大功率来覆盖/行进最大距离的点。操作点也是其中至少一个电池更换中心16在更换电池14之前检测到来自车辆的请求的点。在操作点处，电池更换中心16将具有针对多次电池更换的来自电动车辆12的最大请求。基于从控制单元13发送的请求，至少一个电池更换中心16的至少一个特性被改变以实现最优操作点。电池更换中心16的特性选自包括如下项的一组特性，即：完全充电电池20的最优供应（supply）、电池更换中心16为电动车辆12的电池14充电的容量、至少一种电池更换方法的成本等。
根据本发明的一个实施例，系统10包括经由通信方式连接的云服务器/数据库18，其在至少一个电动车辆12和到多个电池更换中心16之间，车辆在其中行进。通信方式是比如Wi-Fi的无线网络。
图2图示了更换电动车辆12中的电池14的方法的流程图。在步骤S1中，当电动车辆12处于功能模式时，感测电动车辆12中的电池电压电平。在步骤S2中，基于感测到的电池电压电平来确定电动车辆12可以行进的距离。在步骤S3中，当电池电压电平低于阈值时，检测预定义距离内的至少一个电池更换中心16。在步骤S4中，至少一个电池更换中心16关于电动车辆12的检测到的电池电压电平进行升级以用于电动车辆12的电池14的更换。
详细解释更换电动车辆12中的电池14的方法。电动车辆12的用户将出发地和目的地信息输入到车辆12中。基于电动车辆12中存在的电池电压电平，控制单元13确定在车辆12处于操作模式时可以覆盖的最大距离。当车辆12开始从出发地到目的地的行程时，控制单元13在检测到车辆12的电池中的最小电池电压时，检测在距车辆12的当前位置预定义距离范围内的多个电池更换中心16。根据本发明的一个实施例，电动车辆12的控制单元13（直接为车辆14）将在效率方面经历最大输出。根据本发明的一个实施例，比如多目标优化技术（本领域技术人员已知）的学习技术被应用于确定最优操作点。
在所公开的上述系统10的情况下，在确保系统10的可持续性的同时，基于至少一个目标函数来确定用于每个参与者（电池更换中心16和电动车辆14）的最优操作区域。对于单独的车辆，其确定对电池更换中心16的最优选择和更换时间，以便在确保连续驾驶时间的同时最大化每个电池的距离。对于单独的电池更换站——高效的操作是通过充电和总充电负载的最小持续时间和最大更换操作。系统10包含了多目标强化学习技术，其针对单独的电池更换中心16学习用于每个参与者的最优配置，其确定要充电的最优电池20，以确保完全充电电池20的最优供应。
应当理解，以上描述中解释的实施例仅是说明性的，并不限制本发明的范围。设想到许多这样的实施例以及在说明书中解释的实施例中的其他修改和改变。本发明的范围仅由权利要求的范围限制。

Claims (8)

1.一种实现用于更换电动车辆（12）中的电池（14）的最优操作点的方法，所述方法包括：
- 当所述电动车辆（12）处于功能模式时，感测所述电动车辆（12）中的电池电压电平；
- 基于所述感测的电池电压电平来确定所述电动车辆（12）可行进的距离；
- 当所述电池电压电平低于阈值时，检测预定义距离内的至少一个电池更换中心（16）；
- 关于所述电动车辆（12）的所述检测的电池电压电平来更新所述至少一个电池更换中心（16）以用于所述电动车辆（12）的电池（14）的更换。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，确定最优操作点以调节所述电动车辆（12）的所述电池（14）的所述更换。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，当所述电动车辆（12）处于所述功能模式时，在所述最优操作点处利用所述电动车辆（12）中的最大所述电池电压以覆盖最大距离。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，在从所述电动车辆（12）发送请求后，接收关于所述检测的至少一个电池更换中心（16）的至少一个特性的信息。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述至少一个电池更换中心（16）的所述至少一个特性选自包括如下项的一组特性，即：完全充电电池（20）的最优供应、所述电池更换中心（16）为所述电动车辆（12）的所述电池（14）充电的容量、至少一种电池更换方法的成本等。
6.一种电动车辆（12）中的控制单元（13），所述控制单元（13）适于：
- 当所述电动车辆（12）处于功能模式时，感测电动车辆（12）中的电池电压电平；
- 基于所述感测的电池电压电平来确定所述电动车辆（12）可行进的距离；
- 当所述电池电压电平低于阈值时，检测预定义距离内的至少一个电池更换中心（16）；
- 关于所述电动车辆（12）的所述检测的电池电压电平来更新所述至少一个电池更换中心（16）以用于所述电动车辆（12）的电池（14）的更换。
7.根据权利要求1所述的控制单元（13），其中，所述控制单元（13）适于确定所述电动车辆（12）的所述电池（14）的所述更换期间的最优操作点。
8.根据权利要求1所述的控制单元（13），其中，基于从所述控制单元（13）发送的请求，至少一个电池更换中心（16）特性被改变以实现所述最优操作点。
CN201911173812.5A 2018-11-27 2019-11-26 实现电池更换过程中的最优操作点的方法 Pending CN111231906A (zh)

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