CN110999023A - 用于平衡电池系统的各个电池的充电状态的方法和设备 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种用于平衡电池系统的各个电池的充电状态的方法(200),其中,所述各个电池连接到Can总线,所述电池系统具有分配给所述各个电池中的一个的主控制设备,所述方法具有以下步骤:借助所述主控制设备来检测(210)上级控制设备的关断信号;借助所述主控制设备来检测(220)所述各个电池的充电状态;借助所述主控制设备根据所述电池系统的总充电状态和连接到所述Can总线的各个电池的数量来确定(230)预给定的充电状态;根据所述预给定的充电状态和所述各个电池的充电状态来分别确定(240)用于每个单个电池的平衡电流;借助相应的平衡电流来平衡(250)所述各个电池的充电状态。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于平衡电池系统的各个电池的充电状态的一种方法和一种设备,还涉及一种具有这种设备的电动车辆。
背景技术
文献DE 102012000585 A1描述一种用于具有多个电池模块的机动车的电池装置,其中,每个电池模块与相应的控制单元耦合,并且在相邻的电池模块之间分别设有用于电耦合的高压线路,其中,控制单元分别构造成通过该高压线路进行数据交换。
文献DE 102014200111 A1描述一种电池管理系统,该电池管理系统用于监测和调节包括多个电池的能够再充电的电池的运行,该电池包括控制设备单元、用于将电池与用电器装置电分离的分离单元、分别可分配给至少一个电池单元的多个电池监测单元、用于发送和接收数据的通信系统。
发明内容
本发明的任务是平衡电池系统的各个电池的充电状态。
根据本发明的用于平衡电池系统的各个电池的充电状态的方法包括:借助主控制设备来检测上级控制设备的关断信号,并且借助主控制设备来检测各个电池的充电状态。各个电池连接到Can总线,并且主控制设备被分配给所述各个电池中的一个。此外,该方法包括借助主控制设备根据电池系统的总充电状态和连接到Can总线的各个电池的数量来确定预给定的充电状态。在此,术语“预给定的充电状态”应理解为各个电池的充电状态被平衡,或者理解为充电量被均匀地分到各个电池上。此外,该方法包括:根据预给定的充电状态和单个电池的充电状态来分别确定对于每个单个电池的平衡电流以及借助主控制设备来平衡各个电池的充电状态。在此,术语“平衡”应理解为每个单个电池在根据本发明的方法结束之后具有相同的充电状态,即各个电池的充电状态彼此平衡。
在此有利的是,在系统重新启动时,所有电池都可以较快地或同时地连接到高电流总线。
在一种扩展方案中,在走完(Ablauf)预给定的持续时间之后,结束对各个电池的充电状态的平衡。
在此有利的是,可以在预给定的时刻尤其快速地启动电池系统。
在另一构型中,根据平衡电流来确定总电流,其中,当总电流具有小于5A的值时,执行对各个电池的充电状态的平衡。
在此有利的是,可以保护或不损坏电池系统。
在一种扩展方案中,借助每个单个电池内的电流测量的积分来确定各个电池的充电状态。
在此有利的是,可以以简单的方式来确定各个电池的充电状态。
在另一构型中,每个单个电池都分配有用于与高电流总线连接的继电器,其中,当单个电池具有预给定的充电状态时,断开相应的继电器。
在一种扩展方案中,借助电池系统外部的装置来结束对各个电池的充电状态的平衡。
在此有利的是,可以远程地影响用于平衡充电电流的方法。
用于平衡电池系统的各个电池的充电状态的设备——在该设备中各个电池连接到Can总线——包括主控制设备,该主控制设备分配给该电池系统的各个电池中的一个。根据本发明,主控制设备设置用于检测上级控制设备的关断信号,用于检测各个电池的充电状态,用于根据电池系统的总充电状态和各个电池的数量来确定预给定的充电状态,用于根据预给定的充电状态和单个电池的充电状态来分别确定对于每个单个电池的平衡电流,用于借助相应的平衡电流来平衡各个电池的充电状态。换句话说,将各个电池调节到相同的充电状态。
在一种扩展方案中,电池系统具有存储器,在该存储器中存储有确定的持续时间。
在此有利的是,在走完确定的持续时间之后,结束对电池系统的各个电池的充电状态的平衡。
在另一构型中,主控制设备设置用于检测用于结束对充电状态的平衡的信号,其中,该信号由系统外部的装置、尤其移动终端设备产生。
根据本发明的电动车辆包括上述用于平衡电池系统的各个电池的充电状态的设备。
在一种扩展方案中,电动车辆是两轮车、尤其踏板车。
其他优点由实施例的以下描述或由从属权利要求得出。
附图说明
以下根据优选的实施方式和附图来阐述本发明。附图示出:
图1示出一种用于平衡电池系统的各个电池的充电状态的设备;
图2示出一种用于平衡电池系统的各个电池的充电状态的方法。
具体实施方式
图1示出用于平衡电池系统102的各个电池103、104和105的充电状态的设备100。电池系统102的各个电池103、104和105连接到Can总线107并且彼此并联地布置。换句话说,各个电池103、104和105彼此连接为并联电路。电池系统102包括主控制设备106,该主控制设备被分配给各个电池103、104和105中的一个。在此涉及如下主控制设备106:该主控制设备接管临时的中央控制设备的任务,该临时的中央控制设备接管上级控制设备101(例如车辆控制设备)与各个电池103、104和105之间的通信。原则上,每个单个电池103、104和105都可以实施主功能,因为在每个单个电池103、104和105内不仅存在主组件、而且存在从组件。例如如下电池接管主控制设备106的功能:该电池在物理上或时间上作为第一个连接到Can总线。每个单个电池103、104和105都分别分配有继电器109、110和111,所述继电器将单个电池103、104和105与高电流总线108连接。在电池系统102的运行中,继电器109、110和111通常闭合,使得各个电池103、104和105连接到高电流总线108。
图2示出一种用于平衡电池系统的各个电池的充电状态的方法200。方法200以步骤210开始,在该步骤中检测上级控制设备的关断信号。上级控制设备例如是车辆控制设备。因此,关断信号例如表示当关断车辆的点火装置时产生的信号。在随后的步骤中,对电池系统的各个电池的充电状态进行检测。为此,各个电池的从组件将相应的充电状态发送到主控制设备。例如借助每个单个电池内的电流测量的积分来确定充电状态。在随后的步骤230中,根据总充电状态和连接到Can总线的各个电池的数量来确定预给定的充电状态。术语“预给定的充电状态”应理解为如下充电状态:在该充电状态中,各个电池的充电状态相同——即是平衡的。在随后的步骤240中,根据预给定的充电状态和单个电池的充电状态分别确定对于每个单个电池的平衡电流。在随后的步骤250中,借助平衡电流来平衡各个电池的充电状态。
每个单个电池都分配有继电器,该继电器将所述单个电池连接到高电流总线。当单个电池已达到预给定的充电状态时,分别将单个电池的继电器断开并且将单个电池从高电流总线去耦(abkoppeln)。
在一种实施例中,借助电池系统外部的装置来结束对各个电池的充电状态的平衡。在此,例如涉及车辆的HMI、智能手机或可以在终端设备、尤其移动终端设备上实施的应用程序。
在另一实施例中,根据平衡电流来确定总电流。由于各个电池彼此布置成并联电路,因此总电流由各个平衡电流的总和得出。如果总电流具有小于5A的值,则执行对各个电池的充电状态的平衡。
在另一实施例中,可以预给定如下持续时间:在走完该持续时间之后,再充电过程——即对各个电池的充电状态的平衡应该结束。这可能例如当使用者想要在再充电过程实际上尚未完成的时刻使用电池系统时是必要的,因为通常以较低的总电流执行再充电过程,从而使电池受到保护。为此目的,使用者可以将想要再次使用电池系统的时刻保存在电池系统中。该时刻例如可以通过使用者借助HMI或应用程序来输入。如果该时刻处于“常规的”再充电过程的结束之后,则该时刻对再充电过程没有影响。然而如果该时刻处于再充电过程的结束之前,则由该时刻和当前时间来确定预给定的持续时间。与“常规的”总充电电流相比,对于该实施例所需的总充电电流提高,使得再充电过程在所期望的使用时刻之前及时地结束。该时刻可以保存或存储在电池系统的存储器中。
Claims (11)
1.一种用于平衡电池系统的各个电池的充电状态的方法(200),其中,所述各个电池连接到Can总线,所述电池系统具有主控制设备,所述主控制设备分配给所述各个电池中的一个,所述方法具有以下步骤:
·借助所述主控制设备来检测(210)上级控制设备的关断信号;
·借助所述主控制设备来检测(220)所述各个电池的充电状态;
·借助所述主控制设备根据所述电池系统的总充电状态和连接到所述Can总线的各个电池的数量来确定(230)预给定的充电状态;
·根据所述预给定的充电状态和单个电池的充电状态来分别确定(240)对于每个单个电池的平衡电流;
·借助相应的平衡电流来平衡(250)所述各个电池的充电状态。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法(200),其特征在于,在走完预给定的持续时间之后,结束对所述各个电池的充电状态的平衡。
3.根据权利要求1或2中任一项所述的方法(200),其特征在于,根据所述平衡电流来确定总电流,并且当所述总电流具有小于5A的值时,执行对所述各个电池的充电状态的平衡。
4.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的方法(200),其特征在于,借助每个单个电池内的电流测量的积分来确定所述各个电池的充电状态。
5.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的方法(200),其特征在于,每个单个电池都分配有继电器,所述继电器用于与高电流总线连接,并且当所述单个电池具有所述预给定的充电状态时,将相应的继电器断开。
6.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的方法(200),其特征在于,借助电池系统外部的装置来结束对所述各个电池的充电状态的平衡。
7.一种用于平衡电池系统的各个电池的充电状态的设备(100),其中,所述各个电池连接到Can总线,并且所述电池系统具有主控制设备,所述主控制设备分配给所述各个电池中的一个,其特征在于,所述主控制设备设置用于:
·检测上级控制设备的关断信号;
·检测所述各个电池的充电状态;
·根据所述电池系统的总充电状态和连接到所述Can总线的各个电池的数量来确定预给定的充电状态;
·根据所述预给定的充电状态和单个电池的充电状态来分别确定对于每个单个电池的平衡电流;
·借助相应的平衡电流来平衡所述各个电池的充电状态。
8.根据权利要求7所述的设备(100),其特征在于,所述电池系统具有存储器,在所述存储器中存储有预给定的持续时间。
9.根据权利要求7或8中任一项所述的设备(100),其特征在于,所述主控制设备设置用于对用于结束对充电状态的平衡的信号进行检测,其中,所述信号由电池系统外部的装置、尤其移动终端设备产生。
10.一种电动车辆,所述电动车辆具有根据权利要求7至9中任一项所述的用于平衡电池系统的各个电池的充电状态的设备。
11.根据权利要求10所述的电动车辆,其特征在于,所述车辆是两轮车、尤其踏板车。
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DE102017212794.5A DE102017212794A1 (de) | 2017-07-26 | 2017-07-26 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ausgleichen von Ladezuständen einzelner Batterien eines Batteriesystems |
PCT/EP2018/069818 WO2019020531A1 (de) | 2017-07-26 | 2018-07-20 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum ausgleichen von ladezuständen einzelner batterien eines batteriesystems |
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