CN111228265A - p38γ抑制剂在制备治疗胰腺癌药物中的应用 - Google Patents
p38γ抑制剂在制备治疗胰腺癌药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了p38γ抑制剂在制备治疗胰腺癌药物中的应用。发明人研究发现p38γ可磷酸化PFKFB3氨基酸残基S467位点,激活胰腺癌细胞的糖酵解途径。而PFKFB3是调控糖酵解的关键限速酶,肿瘤细胞中PFKFB3活性的缺失可以显著降低糖酵解水平,并抑制肿瘤生长。通过抑制p38γ的表达或其活性,可以有效阻止PFKFB3的磷酸化修饰,降低肿瘤细胞中PFKFB3活性,抑制肿瘤的生长。通过联合使用p38γ抑制剂和PFKFB3抑制剂,在体内可有效抑制胰腺癌的增殖,为胰腺癌的治疗提供新的靶点,为临床改善胰腺癌的治疗效果提供新的思路。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及p38γ抑制剂的新应用,特别涉及p38γ抑制剂在制备治疗胰腺癌药物中的应用。
背景技术
癌症严重威胁人们的健康,随着医学的发展,越来越多的癌症已经具有了较好的治疗效果。在众多的癌症中,胰腺癌被称为“癌中之王”,是一种尚未攻克的癌症。现有技术中,胰腺癌从预防、诊断、治疗到预后效果都不理想。《2015年中国癌症统计》数据显示,我国胰腺癌占总体恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率的第9位和第6位,并且呈快速上升趋势。约3/4的胰腺癌患者在确诊1年后死亡,5年生存率仅为6%,是名副其实的癌中之王。与其他肿瘤相比,如肺癌和乳腺癌等已经有多种“精准”的靶向治疗药物,胰腺癌的临床治疗还停留在“非精准”时代,广泛采用的吉西他滨方案有效率仅为15~20%,5-氟尿嘧啶、亚叶酸钙、伊立替康和奥沙利铂化学治疗方案(FOLFIRINOX方案)不良反应极大,仅少数特定患者可以获益。靶向治疗是目前治疗晚期胰腺癌的新方法之一,常用的有表皮生长因子受体抑制剂,血管内皮生长因子抑制剂和基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂等,但已完成的药物临床试验研究结果多为阴性,临床收益并不明显。
p38γ(又称为SAPK3、ERK6)是MAPK家族的一个新成员,其组织分布具有高度特异性,在骨骼肌中大量表达。p38γ/SAPK3信号传导通路可引起多种细胞生物学反应,如细胞增殖、分化、转化及凋亡等,其级联途径的上游分子及激活方式、下游分子及效应方式又与MAPK家族其他成员显著不同。已有研究表明p38γ与部分肿瘤相关。谢学海,田孝东,马永簌等(p38α及β亚型对胰腺癌细胞生物学行为的影响[J].中华实验外科杂志,2019,36(2):261-263.)的研究结果表明p38 4个亚型在7种胰腺癌细胞株中有不同水平表达,其中p38α在7种胰腺癌细胞株中均显著表达;在ASPC、Colo357和Panc-1细胞株中,p38β表达水平与p38α相当;p38γ在7种胰腺癌细胞株中虽有表达,但水平较低。选择性抑制p38α后,MiaPaca-2和Panc-1细胞增殖、运动和侵袭能力显著下降,且裸鼠体内成瘤实验可见肿瘤体积显著增加。选择性抑制p38β后,可以观察到细胞生长和增殖变慢,但未见运动和侵袭能力的变化。体内成瘤实验中,Mia Paca-2两个下调p38β细胞克隆成瘤率分别为18.3%和50.0%,较野生型和空质粒转染组显著下降,且肿瘤体积显著减小(P<0.05);Panc-1两个下调p38β细胞克隆成瘤率为25.0%和12.5%,较野生型和空质粒转染组显著下降(P<0.05)。
正常胰腺组织仅仅在胰岛可检测到少量p38γ的表达,导管上皮细胞检测不到其表达。但胰腺癌大多数(>80%)起源于胰腺导管上皮,提示p38γ的表达极可能与胰腺癌的发生发展及预后无关。根据目前研究尚无法推知p38γ与胰腺癌的治疗有关。
胰腺癌是癌症死亡的第四大原因。一旦起病,高度侵袭、进展迅速,易于转移,治疗极为艰难。在转移性胰腺癌患者中,确诊后生存期超过5年的患者不到3%。开发一种对胰腺癌有更好作用的药物,具有非常重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供p38γ抑制剂的新应用。
本发明所采取的技术方案是:
本发明的第一个方面,提供:
p38γ抑制剂在制备实验室用PFKFB3磷酸化抑制剂中的应用。
在一些实例中,所述p38γ抑制剂选自:Pirfenidone和PIK75中的至少一种。
本发明的第二个方面,提供:
一种实验用抑制细胞中PFKFB3磷酸化的方法,包括将细胞与p38γ抑制剂接触。
在一些实例中,p38γ抑制剂的用量可以根据具体的需要进行调整。
本发明的第三个方面,提供:
一种抗肿瘤药物的筛选方法,包括确定候选化合物是否可以抑制p38γ的表达或其活性,当候选化合物可以抑制p38γ的表达或其活性时,判定为具有初步的抗肿瘤候选活性。
本发明的第四个方面,提供:
p38γ抑制剂在制备治疗或辅助治疗胰腺癌药物中的应用。
在一些实例中,所述p38γ抑制剂选自:Pirfenidone和PIK75中的至少一种。
本发明的第五个方面,提供:
组合物在制备治疗胰腺癌药物中的应用,所述组合物的活性成分包括:
至少一种p38γ抑制剂,以及
至少一种PFKFB3抑制剂。
在一些实例中,所述p38γ抑制剂选自:Pirfenidone和PIK75中的至少一种;
所述PFKFB3抑制剂选自:3PO和PFK15中的至少一种。
本发明的第六个方面,提供:
一种治疗胰腺癌的组合物,其活性成分包括:
至少一种p38γ抑制剂,以及
至少一种PFKFB3抑制剂。
在一些实例中,所述p38γ抑制剂选自:Pirfenidone和PIK75中的至少一种;
所述PFKFB3抑制剂选自:3PO和PFK15中的至少一种。
本发明的有益效果是:
发明人通过实验发现,p38γ可磷酸化PFKFB3氨基酸残基S467位点,激活胰腺癌细胞的糖酵解途径。而PFKFB3是调控糖酵解的关键限速酶,肿瘤细胞中PFKFB3活性的缺失可以显著降低糖酵解水平,并抑制肿瘤生长。通过抑制p38γ的表达或其活性,可以有效阻止PFKFB3的磷酸化修饰,降低肿瘤细胞中PFKFB3活性,抑制肿瘤的生长。通过联合使用p38γ抑制剂和PFKFB3抑制剂,在体内可有效抑制胰腺癌的增殖,为胰腺癌的治疗提供新的靶点,为临床改善胰腺癌的治疗效果提供新的思路。
附图说明
图1是体外激酶实验结合质谱分析鉴定p38γ活化PFKFB3的磷酸化位点的分析结果;
图2是体外激酶实验验证p38γ磷酸化PFKFB3/S467位点的分析结果;
图3是YIS生化分析仪检测KPC和KPC-p38γ-KO细胞葡糖糖消耗和乳酸产生结果;
图4是Seahorse能量代谢仪检测KPC和KPC-p38γ-KO细胞糖酵解速率和氧耗率的结果;
图5是PFD和PFK-15对KPC和KPC-p38γ-KO糖酵解速率的影响;
图6是PFD和PFK-15对KPC和KPC-p38γ-KO细胞克隆形成能力的影响;
图7~9是p38γ抑制剂(PFD)和PFKFB3抑制剂(PFK15)联合用药抑制胰腺癌细胞生长的体内验证。
具体实施方式
下面结合实验,进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
应用体外激酶实验结合质谱分析鉴定p38γ活化PFKFB3的磷酸化位点:
磷酸化修饰是PFKFB3活性的一种重要调节方式,在细胞内能量缺乏的状态下,PFKFB3可被AMPK激酶磷酸化并激活,从而促进糖酵解和ATP生成。为了阐明p38γ与PFKFB3的相互作用方式,我们用体外激酶实验联合质谱分析的方法,即293T细胞转染空载体对照pcDNA3.1和Flag-PFKFB3,Flag-IP产物与纯化的His-p38γ共同孵育,SDS-PAGE电泳分离蛋白后进行质谱分析,发现p38γ可以磷酸化PFKFB3氨基酸残基Ser467位点。
具体操作如下:
1、His-p38γ在BL21中的表达。将His-p38γ质粒转化BL21,接菌后挑取单克隆入2-4ml Kan+LB培养基中37℃摇床中培养过夜。然后将菌液以1:100接种量转接入Kan+LB培养基中37℃摇床培养2小时30分钟,后加入终浓度1mM IPTG置37℃诱导4小时,5000rpm离心10分钟收菌。菌体用PBS洗涤一次,离心后将菌体重悬于15ml裂解液(50mM NaH2PO4,300mMNaCl,10mM immidazole,PH 8.0)超声破碎。12000rpm离心20分钟后进行His蛋白纯化;
2、His-p38γ纯化。将His-p38γ上清加入Ni-NTA Beads中,4℃结合2小时,后打开盖子,让液体流下。1号洗涤缓冲液(50mM NaH2PO4,300mM NaCl,20mM immidazole,PH8.0)洗涤2次。2号洗涤缓冲液(0.5%Triton-X100,50mM NaH2PO4,300mM NaCl,50mMimmidazole,5mMβ-mecaptoethnol,PH8.0)洗涤2次。最后用洗脱液(50mM NaH2PO4,300mMNaCl,250mM immidazole,PH8.0)洗脱纯化的蛋白;
3、体外激酶实验。293T细胞转染Flag-PFKFB3或者pcDNA3.1,转染24小时后收集细胞,RIPA buffer裂解1小时,12000rpm离心10分钟收集上清。上清液加入Flag Beads 4℃孵育过夜。RIPA buffer洗涤两次后离心收集Beads,加入1μg His-p38γ纯化蛋白和20ul反应缓冲液(20mM Hepes pH 7.6,20mM MgCl2,15μM ATP,20mMβ-glycerolphosphate,20mMρ-nitrophenylphophate,0.5mM Na3VO4,2mM DTT)30℃孵育30分钟。离心收集Beads,加入4x上样缓冲液95℃金属浴变性5分钟后上样,SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳分离蛋白;
4,胶内酶解。银染试剂盒显色蛋白条带,用手术刀片切下60KD左右的条带,切成1mm3大小胶块,收集到1.5ml EP管内。加入50μL 30mM K3Fe(CN)6:100mM Na2S3O3=1:1体积比,清洗至蛋白点棕色消失,去除上清,立即加入200μL去离子水终止反应,10分钟后去除上清,再加入100μL 100mM NH4HCO3静置20分钟,去除上清。每管加入90μL 100mM NH4HCO3,10μL 100mM DTT,56℃孵化30分钟,还原蛋白质。去上清,每管加入100μL 100%CAN,5分钟后吸去,加入70μL 100mM NH4HCO3,30μL 200mM IAA,避光20分钟。去上清,每管加入100μL100mM NH4CO3,室温15分钟。去上清,加入100μL 100%CAN,5分钟后吸去,冻干。然后加入10μL 5ng/μL Trypsin溶液,4℃60分钟,使胶块充分吸胀。然后加入30μL 50mM NH4HCO3,37℃反应16小时。最后吸出蛋白酶解液,转移至新的EP管中,原管加入100μL 60%CAN/0.1%TFA超声15分钟,吸出溶液,并入前次溶液,反复抽提3次,合并冻干。
5,质谱分析。Thermo LTQ-Orbitrap Elite质谱仪上通过LC-MS/MS分析鉴定多肽。所有光谱均以阳离子模式获得。全扫描MS的分辨率为60000(400m/z),前体离子扫描的范围为350-1800m/z。依次使用碰撞诱导解离(CID)和电子转移解离(ETD),选择了8个最强的母离子进行MS/MS裂解。
实验结果如图1所示,结果显示p38γ可以磷酸化活化PFKFB3氨基酸位点S467。(A)SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳分离蛋白银染结果;(B)质谱分析PFKFB3蛋白的磷酸化位点。
体外激酶实验验证p38γ磷酸化PFKFB3/S467位点
1,PFKFB3/S467A突变质粒的构建。以Flag-PFKFB3质粒为模板,应用点突变试剂盒构建467位点突变的质粒(QuikChange II site-directed mutagenesis kit,AgilentTechnologies,200524)。Flag-PFKFB3/S467A的引物序列如下:
Forward,5'-GTGTCACCCCGCTAGCCGCCCCCGAACCCACCAAAAAG-3';(SEQ ID NO.:)1
Reverse,5'-CTTTTTGGTGGGTTCGGGGGCGGCTAGCGGGGTGACAC-3'(SEQ ID NO.:2)。
2、293T细胞转染Flag-PFKFB3、Flag-PFKFB3/S467A和pcDNA3.1,转染24小时后收集细胞,RIPA buffer裂解1小时,12000rpm离心10分钟收集上清,与纯化的His-p38γ孵育后进行SDS-PAGE电泳分析。
实验结果如图2所示,结果显示仅野生型PFKFB3可以被p38γ磷酸化。
YIS生化分析仪检测KPC和KPC-p38γ-KO细胞葡糖糖消耗和乳酸产生
将细胞(5×105)接种到6孔板中,培养24小时后更换新鲜培养基。继续培养48小时后,收集培养基,12000rpm离心10分钟,取上清,上机检测。收集细胞蛋白,测浓度,用于进行数据标准化。YSI 2950生物化学分析仪测定样品中葡萄糖和乳酸含量。
实验结果如图3所示,结果显示p38γ敲除细胞KPC-p38γ-KO葡萄糖的消耗和乳酸产量显著低于p38γ高表达的KPC细胞。且KPC-p38γ-KO细胞PFK激酶活性也显著低于KPC细胞。
Seahorse能量代谢仪检测KPC和KPC-p38γ-KO细胞糖酵解速率(extracelluaracidification rate,ECAR)和氧耗率(oxygen consumption rate,OCR)
1、细胞1×104/孔接种到Seahorse测量专用细胞培养板,培养过夜。同时水化Seahorse探针;
2、氧耗率(OCR)的测定,按照线粒体应激(Mito-Stress)测定要求,使用相应培养液清洗细胞后加入上机检测所需培养液,置于37℃、无CO2的温箱中60分钟,在Seahorse测量板A孔中oligomycin(1μM),B孔中加入FCCP(0.5μM),C孔中加入Rotenone(1μM)上机检测;
3、产酸率(ECAR)的测定,细胞产酸率反应细胞糖酵解速率。按照糖酵解应激(Glycolysis-stress)测定要求,使用相应培养液洗细胞后加入上机检测所需培养液,置于37℃、无CO2的温箱中60分钟后,在Seahorse测量板A孔中加入葡萄糖(25mM),B孔中加入寡霉素(oligomycin,1μM),C孔中加入2-DG(250mM)上机检测;
3、标准化测定,将完成测定的细胞板取出,吸出培养基,每孔加入50μL PBS漂洗一次,去除PBS加入20μL裂解液吹打混匀,冰上裂解15分钟,裂解后每孔加入200μL BCA蛋白测定混合液,37℃孵育30分钟,酶标仪测定562nm波长的吸光度值,并将其输入Seahorse软件中进行标准化。统计分析标准化后的结果。
实验结果如图4所示,结果显示与KPC细胞相比,KPC-p38γ-KO细胞糖酵解速率(ECAR)显著降低。两组细胞的氧耗率(OCR)无显著差别。
PFD和PFK-15对KPC和KPC-p38γ-KO糖酵解速率的影响
实验方法同上,结果如图5所示结果显示PFD和PFK-15单独用药对KPC细胞的葡萄糖摄取和乳酸分泌无显著影响但联合用药可以显著抑制KPC细胞的葡萄糖摄取和乳酸分泌,但对无p38γ表达的KPC-p38γ-KO细胞没有抑制作用。
PFD和PFK-15对KPC和KPC-p38γ-KO细胞克隆形成能力的影响
1、微波炉中溶解1.2%Argrose下胶和0.7%Argrose上胶,降温后放入42℃水浴锅中保持。配制20%FBS+2×IMDM+2×PS,与1.2%Argrose下胶按照1:1比例混合,6孔板每孔迅速加入1.5ml混合液,轻轻混匀,室温凝固;
2、消化细胞,计数,每孔5000个细胞,准备上胶。按1:1比例混合0.7%Argrose上胶和20%FBS+2×1640+2×PS,每种细胞需先配2ml(20%FBS+2×1640+2×PS)+2ml0.7%Argrose上胶于离心管中混匀,放入42℃水浴锅中保持。再将细胞悬液加入上述混合液中,迅速加入6孔板,每孔1ml,待上层琼脂凝固后,置于5%CO2,37℃,培养2-3周,计数。
实验结果如图6所示,结果显示PFD和PFK-15单独用药对细胞的软琼脂克隆形成能力无显著影响,但联合用药可以显著抑制KPC细胞克隆形成能力,但对无p38γ表达的KPC-p38γ-KO细胞没有抑制作用。
p38γ抑制剂(PFD)和PFKFB3抑制剂(PFK15)联合用药抑制胰腺癌细胞生长的体内验证:
方法:KPC(5×104)、KPC/p38γKO(5×104)和Mia-PaCa-2(5×106)细胞接种到裸鼠右腋皮下,待平均肿瘤体积达50mm3时随机分组,开始给药:
①灭菌水对照组;
②PFD 300mg/Kg,灌胃,每天一次;
③PFK15 10mg/Kg,腹腔注射,每三天一次;
④PFD 300mg/Kg,灌胃,每天一次联合PFK15 15mg/Kg,腹腔注射,每三天一次;
每3日测定1次体重及肿瘤的长径和短径,按公式1计算肿瘤体积。实验结束后颈椎脱臼处死裸鼠剥离瘤块并称重,按公式2计算相对肿瘤体积(RTV),颈椎脱臼处死裸鼠剥离瘤块并称重,按公式3计算抑瘤率(IR)。采用t检验对各组的RTV及瘤重进行统计分析。
肿瘤体积=长径×短径2×1/2 公式1
RTV=实验结束时肿瘤体积/实验开始时肿瘤体积 公式2
IR=对照组平均RTV(或瘤重)-给药组平均RTV(或瘤重)×100% 公式3
实验结果如图7-9所示,PFD或者PFK15单独用药对p38γ高表达的KPC细胞(原代小鼠胰腺癌细胞)和Mia-PaCa-2细胞(人胰腺癌细胞)裸鼠移植瘤的生长均无显著抑制作用。单PFD和PFK15联合用药可显著抑制两种细胞裸鼠移植瘤的生长。且没有观察到小鼠体重下降或死亡。
对于无p38γ表达的KPC-p38γ-KO细胞(原代小鼠胰腺癌细胞),PFD和PFK15单独用药或者联合用药对小鼠移植瘤的生长均无显著抑制作用。
综上可知,p38γ可磷酸化PFKFB3氨基酸残基S467位点,激活胰腺癌细胞的糖酵解途径。而PFKFB3是调控糖酵解的关键限速酶,肿瘤细胞中PFKFB3活性的缺失可以显著降低糖酵解水平,并抑制肿瘤生长。通过抑制p38γ的表达或其活性,可以有效阻止PFKFB3的磷酸化修饰,降低肿瘤细胞中PFKFB3活性,抑制肿瘤的生长。通过联合使用p38γ抑制剂和PFKFB3抑制剂,在体内可有效抑制胰腺癌的增殖,为胰腺癌的治疗提供新的靶点,为临床改善胰腺癌的治疗效果提供新的思路。
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110> 中山大学肿瘤防治中心(中山大学附属肿瘤医院、中山大学肿瘤研究所)
<120> p38γ抑制剂在制备治疗胰腺癌药物中的应用
<130>
<160> 2
<170> PatentIn version 3.5
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<213> 人工序列
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Claims (10)
1.p38γ抑制剂在制备实验室用PFKFB3磷酸化抑制剂中的应用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于:所述p38γ抑制剂选自:Pirfenidone和PIK75中的至少一种。
3.一种实验用抑制细胞中PFKFB3磷酸化的方法,包括将细胞与p38γ抑制剂接触。
4.一种抗肿瘤药物的筛选方法,包括确定候选化合物是否可以抑制p38γ的表达或其活性,当候选化合物可以抑制p38γ的表达或其活性时,判定为具有初步的抗肿瘤候选活性。
5.p38γ抑制剂在制备治疗或辅助治疗胰腺癌药物中的应用。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于:所述p38γ抑制剂选自:Pirfenidone和PIK75中的至少一种。
7.组合物在制备治疗胰腺癌药物中的应用,其特征在于:所述组合物的活性成分包括:
至少一种p38γ抑制剂,以及
至少一种PFKFB3抑制剂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于:
所述p38γ抑制剂选自:Pirfenidone和PIK75中的至少一种;
所述PFKFB3抑制剂选自:3PO和PFK15中的至少一种。
9.一种治疗胰腺癌的组合物,其活性成分包括:
至少一种p38γ抑制剂;
以及至少一种PFKFB3抑制剂。
10.根据权利要求9所述的组合物,其特征在于:
所述p38γ抑制剂选自:Pirfenidone和PIK75中的至少一种;
所述PFKFB3抑制剂选自:3PO和PFK15中的至少一种。
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