CN111195296A - 一种润肠通便的膏贴及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种润肠通便的膏贴及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111195296A CN111195296A CN201811367529.1A CN201811367529A CN111195296A CN 111195296 A CN111195296 A CN 111195296A CN 201811367529 A CN201811367529 A CN 201811367529A CN 111195296 A CN111195296 A CN 111195296A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种润肠通便的膏贴及其制备方法，膏贴包括以下重量份的原料：小茴香挥发油60‑80份、木香挥发油90‑110份、枳壳挥发油70‑90份、花椒油40‑60份、薄荷醇5‑25份、麻油20‑40份、凡士林200‑360份、蜂蜡200‑360份。本发明制备的膏贴具有温中散寒、健脾消食、理气和胃、行滞消胀、加强胃肠道蠕动的功效，能够有效治疗老年性便秘、脾胃失调引起的便秘、习惯性便秘、单纯性肥胖等。本发明膏贴经济简便、疗效好，无毒副作用，避免了长期服药的麻烦和依赖性，适用人群广。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种膏贴，具体涉及一种润肠通便的膏贴及其制备方法。
背景技术
便秘是临床常见的复杂症状，主要是指排便次数减少、粪便量减少、粪便干结、排便费力等。其原因复杂，多与胃肠道功能、摄食种类及习惯、生活习惯、环境因素、精神状态等有关。便秘可以影响各年龄段的人，女性多于男性，老年多于青壮年。因便秘发病率高、病因复杂，给患者带来很多苦恼，便秘严重时会影响生活质量。
目前，针对便秘患者都会通常采用口服药物或针剂进行治疗，但是口服药物对胃的刺激及对肝脏的毒副作用都较大，而且药物容易受消化液的破坏，还会因肝脏的首过效应而减效，吸收慢，起效慢，针剂也会对患者产生毒副作用，因此大多数药物的治疗效果不是很理想。中医外科膏贴是运用中药归经原则，运用药物互相协调为用的效能，组成多味药物的大复方，以发挥药物的良好效果，易被人们接受。
发明专利申请CN104524052A公开了专治中老年人便秘的外用剂型膏药，由以下重量份数的原料组成：生大黄、芒硝、枳实、厚朴、菖蒲、牵牛子、桃花、郁李仁各330-500份，冰片100-300份，熟油5000-7000份，黄丹1500-1800份。发明专利申请CN108653624A公开了一种治疗老年便秘的消积膏贴及其使用方法，以重量组分表示，所述药芯的原料组成为：炒鸡内金8份-12份、炒麦芽1份-3份、焦山楂7份-13份、炒神曲3份-5份、枳宝3份-5份、白术5份-7份、桃仁3份-4份、栀子3份-4份、肉苁蓉1份-3份、当归10份-12份、锁阳7份-15份、牛膝2份-3份、厚朴6份-9份、广丹20-35份。现有技术对中药的处理工艺简单，导致中药有效成分种类复杂，缺少针对性，而且药物难以深入肌肤深部，疗效不佳。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的一方面在于提供一种润肠通便的膏贴，能够有效治疗老年性便秘、脾胃失调引起的便秘、习惯性便秘。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种润肠通便的膏贴，包括以下重量份的原料：小茴香挥发油60-80份、木香挥发油90-110份、枳壳挥发油70-90份、花椒油40-60份、薄荷醇5-25份、麻油20-40份、凡士林200-360份、蜂蜡200-360份。
优选的，包括以下重量份的原料：小茴香挥发油70份、木香挥发油100份、枳壳挥发油80份、花椒油50份、薄荷醇15份、麻油30份、凡士林280份、蜂蜡280份。
优选的，所述小茴香挥发油的制备方法为：将小茴香粉碎，过20-40目筛，按照料液比(g/mL)1：2-6加入蒸馏水浸泡1-2h，进行超声回流提取，设置温度为40-60℃，提取时间为20-40min；得到的粗品用石油醚进行萃取，再用无水硫酸钠干燥；通过旋转蒸发仪使石油醚蒸发完全，得到小茴香挥发油。
优选的，所述木香挥发油的制备方法为：将木香粉碎，过20-40目筛，装入超临界萃取釜中，设置温度为40-50℃，萃取压力为25-30MPa；分离釜I压力为7-11MPa，温度为30-40℃；分离釜Ⅱ压力为3-7MPa，温度为15-25℃，萃取时间为1-2h，得到木香挥发油。
优选的，所述枳壳挥发油的制备方法为：将枳壳粉碎，过40-60目筛，置于烧瓶中，按照料液比(g/mL)1：5-15加入蒸馏水浸泡过夜；安装水蒸气蒸馏装置，通入冷凝水，加热至沸腾，保持沸腾5-7h后，停止加热；冷凝后收集挥发油，用无水硫酸钠干燥，得到枳壳挥发油。
另一方面，本发明还提供一种润肠通便的膏贴的制备方法，包括以下步骤：将凡士林和蜂蜡加热至60-80℃，完全熔化后，加入小茴香挥发油、木香挥发油、枳壳挥发油、花椒油、薄荷醇、麻油，快速搅拌均匀成膏；取12-15g膏均匀涂抹于无纺布表面，即得膏贴。
本发明所述膏贴中相关组分的性质和功效如下：
小茴香：性温，味辛。归肝经、脾经、胃经、肾经。具有祛寒止痛、理气和胃的功效，主治寒疝腹痛、睾丸偏坠、痛经、少腹冷痛、脘腹胀痛、食少吐泻。小茴香中的主要成分为挥发油，约占3-6％。挥发油可以加强胃肠收缩蠕动，在腹胀时排出气体，减轻疼痛；能降低胃的张力，随后刺激之，而使其蠕动正常化，缩短排空时间；对肠则增进张力及蠕动，因而促进气体的排出。
木香：性温，味辛、苦。归脾经、胃经、大肠经、三焦经、胆经。具有行气止痛，健脾消食的功效。木香挥发油含有多种生物活性的倍半萜内酯，可促进胃肠道蠕动。研究表明，木香烃内酯和去氢木香内酯具有松弛平滑肌和解痉作用。
枳壳：性微寒，味苦、辛、酸。归脾、胃经。具有理气宽中、行滞消胀的功效。主治胸胁气滞、胀满疼痛、食积不化、痰饮内停。枳壳的功效成分主要为挥发油和黄酮苷类成分。
麻油：性凉，味甘。归大肠经。具有润肠通便、解毒、生肌的功效。主治肠燥便秘或蛔虫引起的腹胀腹痛，大便不通、痈肿、疮毒、疥癣、皮肤皲裂。
花椒油：性热，味辛。归脾、胃经。具有芳香健胃，温中散寒，除湿止痛，杀虫解毒，止痒解腥的功效。主治脾胃虚寒、食欲减退、脘腹冷痛、呕吐腹泻。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下的有益效果：
(1)本发明将上述组分经过合理配伍，科学配比后制成，具有温中散寒、健脾消食、理气和胃、行滞消胀、加强胃肠道蠕动的功效，能够有效治疗老年性便秘、脾胃失调引起的便秘、习惯性便秘、单纯性肥胖等。
(2)本发明通过超临界CO2流体萃取等现代化提取工艺分别提取木香、小茴香和枳壳中的挥发油，排除了不明药理的杂质成分，针对性强，起到对症下药的作用；同时挥发油易于被肌肤吸收，再加上花椒油和薄荷醇具有促渗透作用的成分，使有效成分深入肌肤深部，疗效更佳。
(3)本发明膏贴经济简便、疗效好，无毒副作用，避免了长期服药的麻烦和依赖性，适用人群广。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施例对本发明进一步说明：
实施例1
一种润肠通便的膏贴，包括以下重量份的原料：小茴香挥发油70份、木香挥发油100份、枳壳挥发油80份、花椒油50份、薄荷醇15份、麻油30份、凡士林280份、蜂蜡280份。
制备方法及步骤如下：将凡士林和蜂蜡加热至70℃，完全熔化后，加入小茴香挥发油、木香挥发油、枳壳挥发油、花椒油、薄荷醇、麻油，快速搅拌均匀成膏；取13g膏均匀涂抹于无纺布表面，即得膏贴。
实施例2
一种润肠通便的膏贴，包括以下重量份的原料：小茴香挥发油60份、木香挥发油90份、枳壳挥发油70份、花椒油40份、薄荷醇5份、麻油20份、凡士林200份、蜂蜡200份。
制备方法及步骤如下：将凡士林和蜂蜡加热至60℃，完全熔化后，加入小茴香挥发油、木香挥发油、枳壳挥发油、花椒油、薄荷醇、麻油，快速搅拌均匀成膏；取12g膏均匀涂抹于无纺布表面，即得膏贴。
实施例3
一种润肠通便的膏贴，包括以下重量份的原料：小茴香挥发油80份、木香挥发油110份、枳壳挥发油90份、花椒油60份、薄荷醇25份、麻油40份、凡士林360份、蜂蜡360份。
制备方法及步骤如下：将凡士林和蜂蜡加热至80℃，完全熔化后，加入小茴香挥发油、木香挥发油、枳壳挥发油、花椒油、薄荷醇、麻油，快速搅拌均匀成膏；取15g膏均匀涂抹于无纺布表面，即得膏贴。
实施例4
一种润肠通便的膏贴，包括以下重量份的原料：小茴香挥发油65份、木香挥发油95份、枳壳挥发油75份、花椒油45份、薄荷醇10份、麻油25份、凡士林240份、蜂蜡240份。
制备方法及步骤如下：将凡士林和蜂蜡加热至65℃，完全熔化后，加入小茴香挥发油、木香挥发油、枳壳挥发油、花椒油、薄荷醇、麻油，快速搅拌均匀成膏；取12g膏均匀涂抹于无纺布表面，即得膏贴。
实施例5
一种润肠通便的膏贴，包括以下重量份的原料：小茴香挥发油75份、木香挥发油105份、枳壳挥发油85份、花椒油55份、薄荷醇20份、麻油35份、凡士林320份、蜂蜡320份。
制备方法及步骤如下：将凡士林和蜂蜡加热至75℃，完全熔化后，加入小茴香挥发油、木香挥发油、枳壳挥发油、花椒油、薄荷醇、麻油，快速搅拌均匀成膏；取14g膏均匀涂抹于无纺布表面，即得膏贴。
对比例1
与实施例1的区别仅为不添加小茴香挥发油，其余各物质添加，制备条件与工艺均不发生改变。
对比例2
与实施例1的区别仅为不添加木香挥发油，其余各物质添加，制备条件与工艺均不发生改变。
对比例3
与实施例1的区别仅为不添加枳壳挥发油，其余各物质添加，制备条件与工艺均不发生改变。
对比例4
与实施例1的区别仅为不添加花椒油和薄荷醇，其余各物质添加，制备条件与工艺均不发生改变。
临床试验：
便秘患者：挑选老年性便秘、脾胃失调引起的便秘、习惯性便秘共270例患者，年龄23-68岁，其中男性患者100例，女性患者170例；分为试验组与对照组，其中试验组150例，对照组120例。
治疗方法：以实施例1-5制备的膏贴为试验组，对比例1-4制备的膏贴为对照组，分别贴于腹部，每日一次，每次5h，连续使用1周。试验结果见表1。
疗效评定：
痊愈：大便正常，其它症状全部消失。
有效：一周通便至少5次以上，其它症状均有好转。
无效：临床症状无明显改善。
表1两组贴敷后临床症状疗效比较
由上表数据可以看出，使用实施例1-5制备的膏贴能够有效治疗老年性便秘、脾胃失调引起的便秘、习惯性便秘；将对比例1-3与实施例1的数据进行对比，使用实施例1得到痊愈的人数明显高于使用对比例1-3制备的膏贴，说明小茴香挥发油、木香挥发油、枳壳挥发油之间具有协同作用，按照特定比例复配使用能发挥最大功效；将对比例4与实施例1的数据进行对比，使用实施例1得到痊愈的人数明显高于使用对比例4制备的膏贴，说明花椒油和薄荷醇具有促渗透作用，使有效成分深入肌肤深部，疗效更佳。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种润肠通便的膏贴，其特征在于，包括以下重量份的原料：小茴香挥发油60-80份、木香挥发油90-110份、枳壳挥发油70-90份、花椒油40-60份、薄荷醇5-25份、麻油20-40份、凡士林200-360份、蜂蜡200-360份。
2.如权利要求1所述的润肠通便的膏贴，其特征在于，包括以下重量份的原料：小茴香挥发油70份、木香挥发油100份、枳壳挥发油80份、花椒油50份、薄荷醇15份、麻油30份、凡士林280份、蜂蜡280份。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的润肠通便的膏贴，其特征在于，所述小茴香挥发油的制备方法为：将小茴香粉碎，过20-40目筛，按照料液比(g/mL)1：2-6加入蒸馏水浸泡1-2h，进行超声回流提取，设置温度为40-60℃，提取时间为20-40min；得到的粗品用石油醚进行萃取，再用无水硫酸钠干燥；通过旋转蒸发仪使石油醚蒸发完全，得到小茴香挥发油。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的润肠通便的膏贴，其特征在于，所述木香挥发油的制备方法为：将木香粉碎，过20-40目筛，装入超临界萃取釜中，设置温度为40-50℃，萃取压力为25-30MPa；分离釜I压力为7-11MPa，温度为30-40℃；分离釜Ⅱ压力为3-7MPa，温度为15-25℃，萃取时间为1-2h，得到木香挥发油。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的润肠通便的膏贴，其特征在于，所述枳壳挥发油的制备方法为：将枳壳粉碎，过40-60目筛，置于烧瓶中，按照料液比(g/mL)1：5-15加入蒸馏水浸泡过夜；安装水蒸气蒸馏装置，通入冷凝水，加热至沸腾，保持沸腾5-7h后，停止加热；冷凝后收集挥发油，用无水硫酸钠干燥，得到枳壳挥发油。
6.一种如权利要求1-5任一项所述的润肠通便的膏贴的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：将凡士林和蜂蜡加热至60-80℃，完全熔化后，加入小茴香挥发油、木香挥发油、枳壳挥发油、花椒油、薄荷醇、麻油，快速搅拌均匀成膏；取12-15g膏均匀涂抹于无纺布表面，即得膏贴。
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Application publication date: 20200526 |