CN111165269A - Method for rapidly fruiting mushrooms - Google Patents
Method for rapidly fruiting mushrooms Download PDFInfo
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- CN111165269A CN111165269A CN202010149723.3A CN202010149723A CN111165269A CN 111165269 A CN111165269 A CN 111165269A CN 202010149723 A CN202010149723 A CN 202010149723A CN 111165269 A CN111165269 A CN 111165269A
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- temperature
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/69—Arrangements for managing the environment, e.g. sprinklers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for quickly fruiting mushrooms, which comprises the following steps: (1) placing the mushroom sticks into a cultivation bag, and culturing for 30-33 days at 23-25 ℃ until the mushroom sticks are full of the whole cultivation bag; (2) carrying out after-ripening culture for 45-50 days at 23-25 ℃; (3) and performing freeze culture at-5 to-3 ℃ for 1 to 2 days. By improving the traditional mushroom cultivation method, the uniformity and consistency of mushroom production are enhanced, the mushroom production is easy, the mushroom production period is shortened, and the yield of the mushroom is doubled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mushroom cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for quickly fruiting mushrooms.
Background
the lentinan is named as the 'mountain precious king' and is a high-protein low-fat nutritional health food, Chinese medical doctors have well-known discussions on lentinus edodes, the medicinal value of the lentinus edodes is continuously discovered along with the continuous deep research of modern medicine and nutriology, the ergosterol content in the lentinus edodes is very high and is effective in preventing and treating rickets, the cell immunity of lentinan (β -1, 3 glucan) can be enhanced, so that the growth of cancer cells is inhibited, the lentinus edodes also contain more than 40 enzymes of six enzymes, so that the enzyme deficiency of a human body can be corrected, and fatty acids contained in fat in the lentinus edodes are beneficial to reducing blood fat of the human body.
Shiitake mushroom is used as an edible mushroom with high edible and medicinal values, and is mainly cultivated in an agricultural mode at present, for example, patent CN105706734A discloses a shiitake mushroom planting method, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a matrix: 12-18 parts of wheat bran, 6-7 parts of rice bran, 10-20 parts of hard wood chips and 5-10 parts of green tea soup, wherein the water content of the matrix is controlled to be 58-60%, the pH value of the matrix is controlled to be 5.5-5.7, and 1.8-2.3 parts of amino acid are contained; (2) bagging: filling the prepared matrix into plastic bags, wherein 1.2-2.0kg of matrix is filled in each bag to obtain required fungus bags; (3) inoculation: transferring the fungus bags into a sterilized strain shed, and inoculating in an open manner; (4) and (3) sterilization: sterilizing the inoculated fungus bags under normal pressure, heating to 100 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 7-8 h; (5) spawn running: placing the inoculated fungus bags at 26-28 deg.C for fungus growth, culturing for 30-45d, and controlling day and night temperature difference at 3-5 deg.C when mycelia grow; (6) and (3) mushroom forcing: after the hypha grows full, moving to a greenhouse for growing mushrooms, and controlling the relative humidity of air to be 88% and the pH to be 5.7-6.1; (7) growing mushrooms: after 6-8 days of mushroom acceleration, spraying water to the mushroom bags to promote differentiation of mushroom caps and keep the air humidity at 88-90%; (8) picking: picking the mushroom when the mushroom pileus is unfolded and discolored. The technical scheme belongs to the traditional mushroom planting method, is simple and easy to learn, but has the problem of long growth cycle, generally needs more than 90 days, and in addition, the grown mushrooms are low in uniformity and consistency and low in fruiting rate.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for quickly fruiting mushrooms, which improves the traditional mushroom cultivation method, enhances the uniformity and consistency of fruiting, is easy to fruiting, shortens the fruiting period of mushrooms and doubles the yield of mushrooms.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a method for rapidly fruiting mushrooms comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the mushroom sticks into a cultivation bag, and culturing for 30-33 days at 23-25 ℃ until the mushroom sticks are full of the whole cultivation bag;
(2) carrying out after-ripening culture for 45-50 days at 23-25 ℃;
(3) and performing freeze culture at-5 to-3 ℃ for 1 to 2 days.
Preferably, the operation in the cultivation room in the steps (1) to (3) is completed, an environment regulation and control system is arranged in the cultivation room, the environment regulation and control system comprises an information acquisition module, a control module, an hour hand module, a temperature control module and an exhaust device, the information acquisition module, the hour hand module, the temperature control module and the exhaust device are respectively connected with the control module, and the information acquisition module consists of a temperature sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor and is used for acquiring the temperature in the cultivation room and the concentration of carbon dioxide; the hour hand module is used for controlling the cultivation time of the mushrooms in the cultivation bags; the temperature control module is used for controlling the temperature in the cultivation room; the air exhaust device is used for controlling the carbon dioxide amount in the cultivation room, so that the respiratory capacity of the mushroom hyphae is adjusted.
More preferably, the cultivation room is divided into three chambers with different temperatures, namely a first chamber and a second chamber with the temperature of 23-25 ℃ and a third chamber with the temperature of-5-3 ℃, wherein the step (1) is completed in the first chamber, the step (2) is completed in the second chamber, and the step (3) is completed in the third chamber.
More preferably, the temperature control device comprises an air cooler for refrigerating, the air cooler is connected with the control module, and when the temperature in the cultivation room is higher than a set value, the control module controls the air cooler to be started to reduce the temperature in the cultivation room; when the temperature is lower than the set value, the control module controls the air cooler to be closed, the mushroom grows to generate heat, and the temperature rises.
More preferably, the air exhaust device comprises a fresh air channel, the fresh air channel is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is communicated with the outside, the air outlet is communicated with the cultivation room, and a fan is arranged in the fresh air channel and connected with the control module; when the carbon dioxide sensor detects that the concentration of carbon dioxide in a cultivation room is increased to 4500-5500 ppm, the control module controls the fan to be started, indoor air is pumped away, and meanwhile outdoor fresh air is filled; when the detected carbon dioxide concentration is reduced to 1500-2500 ppm, the control module controls the fan to be closed.
Preferably, in the step (2), the shiitake sticks are subjected to illumination treatment, and a white light LED is used as a light source; the illumination intensity of the cultivation room is 60-200 Lux, and the illumination time per day is more than 10 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical advantages:
(1) the invention is provided with the chambers with different temperatures, when the strains are in different growth periods, the strains are moved into the corresponding chambers, the culture temperature of the strains does not need to be adjusted in real time, and the constant temperature control of different chambers is realized; each chamber is provided with a temperature sensor for regulating and controlling the temperature, an hour hand module is also arranged for controlling the cultivation time of the mushrooms in the cultivation bags, and the time of the cultivation bags at different temperatures is controlled by the clock module, so that the temperature can be regulated and controlled automatically, and the flatness of the fruiting rate is ensured.
(2) According to the invention, the carbon dioxide sensor and the exhaust device are arranged, the control module controls the exhaust device to regulate and control the respiration quantity of the mushroom hyphae through the measured quantity of the carbon dioxide sensor, the growth state of the mushroom hyphae is monitored, compared with the traditional multi-sensor device, the cost is saved, and the monitoring effect is more visual.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to specific examples.
The invention discloses a method for quickly fruiting mushrooms, which comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the mushroom sticks into a cultivation bag, and culturing for 30-33 days at 23-25 ℃ until the mushroom sticks are full of the whole cultivation bag;
(2) carrying out after-ripening culture for 45-50 days at 23-25 ℃;
(3) and performing freeze culture at-5 to-3 ℃ for 1 to 2 days.
According to the invention, the traditional mushroom cultivation method is improved, so that the uniformity and consistency of mushroom fruiting are enhanced, mushroom fruiting is easy, the production cycle of mushrooms is shortened, compared with the traditional production cycle of more than 90 days, the growth cycle of the mushroom cultivation method is controlled within 80-85 days, and the mushroom fruiting rate is more than 95%; taking a cultivation bag with the specification of 15-55 CM as an example, the yield of a single bag after the mushroom sticks are subjected to the moisture removal for 2 times is 600-750 g, which is the yield of the mushroom sticks subjected to the moisture removal for 4 times by the traditional method.
The cultivation of the lentinus edodes is completed in a cultivation room, the cultivation room is divided into three chambers with different temperatures according to different growth stages of the lentinus edodes, the three chambers are respectively a first chamber and a second chamber with the temperature of 23-25 ℃ and a third chamber with the temperature of-5-3 ℃, the step (1) is completed in the first chamber, the step (2) is completed in the second chamber, and the step (3) is completed in the third chamber.
All be provided with the environment regulation and control system in the three cavity, the environment regulation and control system includes information acquisition module, control module, hour hand module, temperature control module and exhaust device, and information acquisition module, hour hand module, temperature control module and exhaust device are connected with control module respectively, and control module is connected with the computer that is located the cultivation room.
Information acquisition module's signal output part connection control module, including temperature sensor and carbon dioxide sensor, both set up on the inner wall in the cavity, temperature sensor is wireless temperature sensor, its inside wireless communication unit that is provided with, be provided with in the control module with wireless communication module assorted wireless receiving module, the temperature data in the cavity that temperature sensor gathered passes through wireless communication unit and carries to control module, in addition, the steerable cultivation bag of clock module is in the incubation time under the different temperatures, so that control module adjusts the temperature in the cavity through temperature control module, guarantee the roughness of mushroom growing rate.
The temperature control device comprises an air cooler for refrigerating, an air outlet of the air cooler is positioned in the cavity and connected with the control module, and when the temperature in the first cavity or the second cavity is higher than 25 ℃, the control module controls the air cooler to start so as to reduce the temperature in the cavity; when the temperature is lower than 23 ℃, the control module controls the air cooler to be turned off, the mushroom grows to generate heat, and the temperature rises. When the temperature of the third chamber is higher than-3 ℃, the control module controls the air cooler to start, so that the temperature in the chamber is reduced; when the temperature is lower than minus 5 ℃, the control module controls the air cooler to be closed, the mushroom grows to generate heat, and the temperature rises. The invention is provided with three chambers with different temperatures, so that when the mushroom strains are in different growth periods and are in different temperature environments, the temperature is not required to be adjusted in real time, and the constant temperature control of different chambers is realized.
The carbon dioxide sensor is used for gathering the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the cavity to judge the growth state of mushroom hypha, and the carbon dioxide sensor is wireless carbon dioxide sensor, and its inside is provided with wireless communication unit, be provided with in the control module with wireless communication module assorted wireless receiving module, the carbon dioxide concentration data of the cavity that the carbon dioxide sensor gathered pass through wireless communication unit and carry to control module. The control module controls an air exhaust device to regulate and control the respiratory capacity of the mushroom hyphae through the measured quantity of the carbon dioxide sensor, the air exhaust device comprises a fresh air channel, the fresh air channel is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is communicated with the outside, the air outlet is communicated with the cultivation room, and a fan is arranged in the fresh air channel and connected with the control module; when the carbon dioxide sensor detects that the concentration of carbon dioxide in a cultivation room is increased to 4500-5500 ppm, the control module controls the fan to be started, indoor air is pumped away, and meanwhile outdoor fresh air is filled; when the detected carbon dioxide concentration is reduced to 1500-2500 ppm, the control module controls the fan to be turned off, and an air filtering device can be arranged at the air inlet and the air outlet respectively.
In order to realize the control of the illumination condition of the mushroom sticks in the cultivation room, a sun-shading adjusting mechanism can be arranged in the cultivation room, and the illumination condition in the cultivation room is controlled through the numerical value detected by the carbon dioxide sensor in the steps (1) and (2); in the step (3), stopping lighting the cultivation room; the method for adjusting the illumination condition in the cultivation room comprises the following steps: firstly, detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide by a carbon dioxide sensor, and adopting a white light LED as a light source; the illumination intensity is 60-200 Lux, the illumination time is longer than 10 hours every day, the concentration of carbon dioxide after the illumination is compared with that of the previous illumination, when the concentration of the carbon dioxide is reduced by 3000ppm, the illumination frequency is increased, and when the concentration of the carbon dioxide is increased by 3000ppm, the illumination is stopped.
Claims (6)
1. A method for rapidly fruiting mushrooms is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) placing the mushroom sticks into a cultivation bag, and culturing for 30-33 days at 23-25 ℃ until the mushroom sticks are full of the whole cultivation bag;
(2) carrying out after-ripening culture for 45-50 days at 23-25 ℃;
(3) and performing freeze culture at-5 to-3 ℃ for 1 to 2 days.
2. The method for rapidly fruiting the shiitake mushrooms according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the operation in the cultivation room in the steps (1) to (3) is finished, an environment regulation and control system is arranged in the cultivation room and comprises an information acquisition module, a control module, an hour hand module, a temperature control module and an exhaust device, the information acquisition module, the hour hand module, the temperature control module and the exhaust device are respectively connected with the control module, and the information acquisition module consists of a temperature sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor and is used for acquiring the temperature in the cultivation room and the concentration of carbon dioxide; the hour hand module is used for controlling the cultivation time of the mushrooms in the cultivation bags; the temperature control module is used for controlling the temperature in the cultivation room; the air exhaust device is used for controlling the carbon dioxide amount in the cultivation room, so that the respiratory capacity of the mushroom hyphae is adjusted.
3. The method for rapidly fruiting the shiitake mushrooms according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the cultivation room is divided into three chambers with different temperatures, namely a first chamber and a second chamber with the temperature of 23-25 ℃ and a third chamber with the temperature of-5-3 ℃, the step (1) is completed in the first chamber, the step (2) is completed in the second chamber, and the step (3) is completed in the third chamber.
4. The method for rapidly fruiting the shiitake mushrooms according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the temperature control device comprises an air cooler for refrigerating, the air cooler is connected with the control module, and when the temperature in the cultivation room is higher than a set value, the control module controls the air cooler to start so as to reduce the temperature in the cultivation room; when the temperature is lower than the set value, the control module controls the air cooler to be closed, the mushroom grows to generate heat, and the temperature rises.
5. The method for rapidly fruiting the shiitake mushrooms according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the air exhaust device comprises a fresh air channel, an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged on the fresh air channel, the air inlet is communicated with the outside, the air outlet is communicated with the cultivation room, and a fan is arranged in the fresh air channel and is connected with the control module; when the carbon dioxide sensor detects that the concentration of carbon dioxide in a cultivation room is increased to 4500-5500 ppm, the control module controls the fan to be started, indoor air is pumped away, and meanwhile outdoor fresh air is filled; when the detected carbon dioxide concentration is reduced to 1500-2500 ppm, the control module controls the fan to be closed.
6. The method for rapidly fruiting the shiitake mushrooms according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (2), the mushroom sticks are required to be subjected to illumination treatment, and a white light LED is adopted as a light source; the illumination intensity of the cultivation room is 60-200 Lux, and the illumination time per day is more than 10 hours.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010149723.3A CN111165269A (en) | 2020-03-06 | 2020-03-06 | Method for rapidly fruiting mushrooms |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010149723.3A CN111165269A (en) | 2020-03-06 | 2020-03-06 | Method for rapidly fruiting mushrooms |
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| CN111165269A true CN111165269A (en) | 2020-05-19 |
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| CN202010149723.3A Pending CN111165269A (en) | 2020-03-06 | 2020-03-06 | Method for rapidly fruiting mushrooms |
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Patent Citations (6)
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| KR101305243B1 (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-09-06 | 김유송 | A novel strain pleurotus nebrodensis and method of producing it |
| CN105165400A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-23 | 上海雪榕生物科技股份有限公司 | Method for quick fruiting of after-ripening pleurotus nebrodensis at low temperature |
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| CN106978353A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-07-25 | 广东省微生物研究所 | Te Shi Xylaria sp. fungus and its cultural method |
| CN107396730A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-11-28 | 霍山县永丰蚕业农民专业合作社 | A kind of method that rhizoma Gastrodiae is cultivated using tea branch |
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