CN111153742A - Soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer and application thereof in walnut planting in saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer and application thereof in walnut planting in saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil improvement type biological organic liquid fertilizer and application thereof in walnut planting in saline-alkali soil.A mixture of bacillus pumilus fermentation liquid 30%, bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquid 25%, trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquid 20%, streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquid 15% and streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquid 10% is thoroughly decomposed and fused with potassium fulvate, compound amino acid and a microbial repairing agent, so that the prepared soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer has the effects of increasing yield and income, remarkably enhancing tree vigor and expelling parasites on walnuts planted in saline-alkali soil after being applied, and the quality of walnuts is remarkably improved; the soil improvement type biological organic liquid fertilizer has an obvious restoration effect on saline-alkali soil, the microbial restoration agent can effectively activate soil regeneration elements, the use amount of pesticides and chemical fertilizers can be reduced by applying the soil improvement type biological organic liquid fertilizer, nutrient substances can be fully absorbed and utilized by walnuts, the yield of walnut trees and the quality of walnuts are improved, and the soil improvement type biological organic liquid fertilizer has a wide application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural microorganism application, in particular to a soil improvement type biological organic liquid fertilizer and the technical field of application thereof in walnut planting in saline-alkali soil.
Background
Due to the long-term use of chemical fertilizers in China, a series of problems occur in agricultural production, and in addition, due to the high multiple cropping index and continuous cropping production of cultivated land in China, the continuous production capacity of soil is reduced, the utilization rate of the fertilizers is reduced, and the problems of soil quality and agricultural product quality safety are increasingly serious. Therefore, the vigorous development of the microbial fertilizer industry is the requirement of sustainable agriculture and ecological agriculture, is the urgent need for creating green ecological orchards in the Xinjiang walnut industry, and is the inevitable choice for reducing the using amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and reducing the environmental pollution. However, because of the lack of investment in the research aspect of microbial liquid fertilizers in China for a long time, the biological liquid fertilizer industry in China still has the problems of low overall level, insufficient technical innovation, unstable product quality and application effect and the like.
The Xinjiang soil fertility has the characteristics that ① soil is poor in organic matter and poor in soil fertility foundation, ② soil is light, lacks clay particles and a cementing agent, is poor in structure, is not beneficial to coordination among water, fertilizer, gas and heat, and influences fertilizer supply, ③ is strong in mineralization process, high in fertilizer supply strength and less in effective nutrient, more than 80% of total phosphorus in the soil is consolidated by lime, and the general shows that the farming soil in different regions of Xinjiang is high in barren degree, nutrient element solidification degree and soil desertification degree, microecological balance is remarkably worsened, and repair and recovery are needed urgently.
A large number of researches prove that the microbial organic fertilizer has six effects of ① providing or activating nutrients, ② generating the capacity of promoting active substances for crop growth, ③ promoting the decomposition of organic materials, ④ improving the variety function of agricultural products, ⑤ enhancing the stress resistance of crops and ⑥ improving and repairing soil.
The liquid organic fertilizer is a high and new technical product extracted from organic matters by adopting a biological fermentation technology, and has the effects of high permeability, fertility activation and pesticide effect improvement. The sustained use of the fertilizer is beneficial to activating and improving soil, inhibiting saline and alkaline, fertilizing soil, loosening soil, protecting environment, increasing yield and increasing income.
The potassium fulvate is a pure natural mineral active potassium element fertilizer, contains multiple nutrient components such as trace elements, rare earth elements, plant growth regulators, virus inhibitors and the like, so that the nutrients are more sufficient and more reasonable to supply, can activate hardened soil, promotes the physiological metabolism of various fruits, vegetables and field crops, strengthens the adhesive force and the rapid absorption capacity of plant root systems, and particularly has obvious effect on physiological diseases caused by the lack of trace elements.
The walnut green husk is a thick green peel outside the walnut, has pungent, bitter, mild and astringent taste, and the Chinese walnut cultivation area is as high as 400 to ten thousand hm2A large amount of walnut green husks are abandoned in the field during the walnut harvesting period, thereby not only causing environmental pollution and resource waste, but also causing environmental pollution and resource wasteIt will interfere with the growth and reproduction of other plants. Modern pharmacological research shows that the main compounds found in the compound include naphthoquinones, diarylheptanoids, polyphenols, terpenoids, flavonoids, steroids and the like, and the compound has the pharmacological effects of resisting tumors, oxidation, bacteria and viruses, killing insects, treating skin diseases and the like. The published Yang and Tangxiaoning's application of preparing a bio-organic fertilizer from walnut green skin residue as a main material and on grapes discloses that the walnut green skin residue is used as a raw material, edible fungus residue and plant ash in different proportions are added, different microbial agents are inoculated, and then the bio-organic fertilizer is prepared through fermentation treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical current situation that a multi-strain compatible microbial repairing agent, potassium fulvate, compound amino acid and the like are not fused to prepare a biological organic liquid fertilizer in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a soil improvement type biological organic liquid fertilizer and application thereof in walnut planting in saline-alkali soil. According to the invention, five kinds of bacteria of bacillus pumilus, bacillus licheniformis, trichoderma asperellum, streptomyces corchorusii and streptomyces microflavus are decomposed with the organic fertilizer mixture and are fused with potassium fulvate, compound amino acid and a microbial repairing agent, so that the prepared soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer has the effects of increasing yield and income, remarkably enhancing tree vigor and expelling insects on the walnut planted in saline-alkali soil after being applied, and the quality of the walnut is remarkably improved; the microbial repairing agent can effectively activate soil regeneration elements, improve the soil aggregate structure, adjust the pH value of soil, relieve the saline-alkali soil and the hardening degree of the soil, accelerate the growth activity of soil organic matters, and has an obvious effect of avoiding root-knot nematodes.
The invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
the invention specifically provides a preparation method of a soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively carrying out activation culture on five bacteria of Bacillus pumilus (Bacillus pumilus), Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis), Trichoderma asperellum (Trichoderma asperellum), Streptomyces corchorusii (Streptomyces corchorusii) and Streptomyces microflavus (Streptomyces microflavus), and preparing into Bacillus pumilus fermentation liquor, Bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquor, Trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquor, Streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquor and Streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquor, wherein the viable count of the Bacillus pumilus fermentation liquor and the Bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquor reaches 1 × 109cfu/g or more; the spore rates of trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquor, streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquor and streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquor reach more than 90 percent;
(2) the compatibility of the microbial repairing agent: selecting 25-35% of the bacillus pumilus fermentation liquid prepared in the step (1), 20-30% of the bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquid, 15-25% of the trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquid, 10-20% of the streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquid and 5-15% of the streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquid according to the weight percentage, and mixing to prepare the microbial repairing agent;
(3) organic liquid fertilizer: pulping and soaking walnut green husks for 24 hours in advance to prepare walnut green husk mash, mixing 4-6 parts of edible fungus residues, 3-5 parts of beet cake meal, 2-4 parts of plant ash and 1-3 parts of tenebrio molitor sand according to the parts by weight, crushing the materials, sieving the materials by a 0.8cm sieve, mixing the crushed materials with 2-4 parts of walnut green husk mash to obtain a mixture, uniformly spraying 10-20% of the microbial repairing agent prepared in the step (2) into the mixture according to the weight percentage, stacking and retting the mixture to form a trapezoidal strip with the bottom being 1.5-2 meters wide and the height being 1 meter, controlling the water content to be 50-60%, during the period, when the highest fermentation temperature of the stacked materials reaches 55-65 ℃, stirring the fermentation liquid at the bottom of the stacked and retted materials, continuing to perform solid composting fermentation, finishing the fermentation after 10-20 days, adding water, standing for 12 hours, and extruding fermentation liquor in the fermentation material by using an extruder to obtain an organic liquid fertilizer;
(4) according to the weight percentage, 20-30% of potassium fulvate, 5-15% of compound amino acid, 3-9% of microbial repairing agent, 2-4% of sodium alginate and 1-3% of gamma-glutamic acid are added into the organic liquid fertilizer, and the mixture is uniformly mixed and stirred to prepare the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer.
The compound amino acid comprises L-alanine, L-valine, L-leucine, L-glutamic acid, L-glycine and L-threonine, wherein the ratio of L-alanine to L-valine to L-leucine to L-glycine to L-threonine is 2:1:1:2:1: 2.
Preferably, in the invention, the microbial repairing agent is prepared by mixing 30% of bacillus pumilus fermentation liquid, 25% of bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquid, 20% of trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquid, 15% of streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquid and 10% of streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquid in percentage by weight to prepare the microbial repairing agent, and the viable bacteria can be detected to be 1 × 1011cfu/g。
Preferably, according to the invention, the mixture is prepared by mixing 5 parts of edible fungus residues, 4 parts of beet cake dregs, 3 parts of plant ash and 2 parts of tenebrio molitor sand, crushing the materials, sieving the crushed materials by a 0.8cm sieve, and mixing the crushed materials with 3 parts of walnut green husk mash.
Preferably, in the invention, 15% of microbial repairing agent is uniformly sprayed into the mixture for composting, the mixture is piled into a trapezoidal strip with the bottom 1.5-2 m wide and the height 1 m, the water content is controlled to be 50% -60%, the mixture is turned and piled for 1 time every 2 days before 4 days of fermentation, the mixture is turned and piled for 1 time every 5 days at intervals in the later period, the fermentation liquid at the bottom of the compost is turned and stirred during composting, the maximum fermentation temperature of the compost reaches 55-65 ℃, the fermentation is finished after 15 days of fermentation, 0.6-1.0 time of water is added into the mixture, the mixture is kept stand for 12 hours, and the fermentation liquid in the fermentation material is extruded by an extruder to obtain the organic liquid fertilizer.
Preferably, according to the invention, 25% of potassium fulvate, 10% of compound amino acid, 6% of microbial repairing agent, 3% of sodium alginate and 2% of gamma-glutamic acid are added into the organic liquid fertilizer according to the weight percentage, and the mixture is uniformly mixed and stirred.
According to the invention, the effective viable bacteria of the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer is more than 2 hundred million/g.
Further, the invention provides application of the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer in walnut planting in saline-alkali soil.
The method is characterized in that five bacteria of bacillus pumilus fermentation liquid, bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquid, trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquid, streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquid and streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquid are compatible with an organic fertilizer mixture for decomposition, and are fused with potassium fulvate, compound amino acid and a microbial repairing agent, wherein the specificity and complexity of five microbial strains are realized, various different strains can be compositely compatible for use, the compatibility and the compatibility of various strains are combined with the attributes of various strains, the safety of the compound strains are considered, and a large number of basic tests are needed in walnut planting in saline-alkali areas for verification, the method is based on early basic research and accumulation, and a large number of different strain tests prove that the method adopts the compound strains to ferment the organic fertilizer mixture and is fused with the potassium fulvate, the compound amino acid and the microbial repairing agent to prepare the improved soil organic liquid fertilizer, particularly, the fermentation liquid is continuously stirred and turned over in the solid composting fermentation of the walnut green husk mash, and then the solid composting fermentation is continuously carried out, so that the antibacterial and insect-repelling active ingredients in the walnut green husk are fully utilized, and the practice proves that the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer is applied to walnut planting in saline-alkali areas, has the effects of increasing production and income, remarkably enhancing tree vigor and repelling insects, and remarkably improves the quality of walnuts; the microbial repairing agent can effectively activate soil regeneration elements, improve soil aggregate structure, adjust soil pH value, relieve saline and alkaline soil, improve hardening degree and accelerate growth activity of soil organic matters, has obvious effect of avoiding root-knot nematodes, can reduce the using amount of pesticides and fertilizers, improve soil fertility and repair soil by applying the soil improved biological organic liquid fertilizer, can fully absorb and utilize nutrients of walnuts, is beneficial to improving the yield of walnut trees and the quality of walnuts, and obtains obvious technical effect.
Meanwhile, the walnut green husks adopted in the invention are pulped in advance and soaked for 24 hours to prepare the mash of the walnut green husks, during the fermentation period, the stack is turned for 1 time every 2 days before the fermentation, the stack is turned for 1 time every 5 days at intervals in the later period, and the solid compost fermentation is continuously carried out after the stack is turned according to the stirring of the fermentation liquid at the bottom of the stack retted fertilizer.
In the invention, five kinds of bacteria selected from Bacillus pumilus (Bacillus pumilus), Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis), Trichoderma asperellum (Trichoderma asperellum), Streptomyces corchorusii (Streptomyces corchorusii) and Streptomyces microflavus (Streptomyces microflavus) are common public well-known strains, and can be purchased through public channels by ordinary technicians in the field, and the culture conditions and culture mediums of the five kinds of bacteria can be obtained by common reports in the field.
The invention is characterized in that tests prove that the five bacteria are compounded according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the liquid organic fertilizer is fused with the potassium fulvate, the compound amino acid and the microbial repairing agent, under the protection of a strain humectant, a specific liquid organic fertilizer compatibility and preparation process is adopted, the specificity and complexity of microbial strains are utilized, various strains can be compositely compatible for use, the compatibility and the compatibility of various strains are combined with the attributes of various strains, the safety of the compound strains and the compounding requirement of selected organic fertilizer raw materials are considered, the process verified by tests is creatively selected for the preparation of the microbial repairing agent and the liquid organic fertilizer, the fermented liquid is continuously stirred in a slurry manner during the solid fermentation of the walnut green husk mash, the solid compost fermentation is continuously carried out, and the antibacterial and insect-expelling effective components in the walnut green husk are fully utilized, the prepared soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer has the effects of increasing production and income, remarkably enhancing tree vigor and expelling insects, remarkably improves the walnut quality in walnut planting, and particularly obtains remarkable technical effects when being applied to the planting of walnuts in saline-alkali soil.
By implementing the specific inventive content of the present invention, the following specific beneficial effects can be achieved:
(1) the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer is prepared by mixing an organic liquid fertilizer, potassium fulvate, compound amino acid, a microbial repairing agent, sodium alginate and gamma-glutamic acid, after the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer is applied, a large number of beneficial bacteria are mainly used to inhibit the proliferation of harmful bacteria, so that soil regeneration elements can be effectively activated, the granular structure of soil can be improved, the pH value of the soil can be adjusted, the saline-alkali and hardening degree of the soil can be relieved, the growth activity of soil organic matters can be accelerated, and the obvious avoidance effect on root-knot nematodes can be achieved.
(2) The soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer prepared by the invention is applied to walnuts planted in saline-alkali soil for 5 years, the yield of each walnut plant is 17.5kg, the leaves of the walnuts are tough and stiff, the thickness of the leaves is increased, the veins are full and strong, and the new branch extraction force is strong, so that the yield and the quality of walnut trees can be obviously improved when the walnuts are planted in the saline-alkali soil by applying the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer, the fertilizer nutrients are effectively activated, and the fertilizer is easily absorbed and utilized by crops.
(3) According to the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer prepared by the invention, bacillus pumilus fermentation liquor, bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquor, trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquor, streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquor and streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquor are mixed to obtain the microbial repairing agent, the microbial repairing agent is used for fermenting and decomposing the mixture, the obtained organic liquid fertilizer has high nutrient index, the total nitrogen content is 592.3mg/L, the organic liquid fertilizer mainly exists in the form of ammonium nitrogen, the water-soluble phosphorus is 152.7mg/L, the water-soluble potassium is 676.3mg/L, and the fermentation and decomposition effects are good.
(4) According to the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer prepared by the invention, the bacteria-protecting humectant is obtained by adding sodium alginate and gamma-glutamic acid for compounding, so that a good bacteria-protecting and moisturizing effect can be achieved, the fertilizer is safe and nontoxic, the dormant state of microorganisms is enhanced, and the shelf life is prolonged; the effective viable bacteria detected in the initial stage are more than 2 hundred million/g, the number of the effective viable bacteria is more than 1.5 hundred million/g after the test piece is placed in a ventilated and cool place for three months, and the number of the effective viable bacteria is more than 0.8 hundred million/g after the test piece is placed for twelve months; the invention proves that the activity of the functional bacteria in the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer prepared by the specific preparation method provided by the invention is very good, and the microbial activity index completely meets the related indexes specified in the national NY884-2012 bio-organic fertilizer industry standard.
(5) The soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer prepared by the invention is characterized in that walnut green husks are pulped and soaked for 24 hours in advance to prepare walnut green husk mash, fermentation liquid stacked at the bottom of the retting fertilizer is turned and stirred during fermentation and then solid compost fermentation is carried out continuously, the principle of the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer is that in solid white spirit fermentation, the turned and fermented mash adopted by the process returns to a solid fermentation raw material for further fermentation, the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer is obtained by production practice, the process can obviously enhance the effective bringing of antibacterial ingredients in the walnut green husks to the liquid fertilizer prepared later, so that the antibacterial ingredients in the green husks of walnuts can be effectively brought to the prepared soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer, the antibacterial and insect-expelling effects of the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer are obviously enhanced particularly in walnut planting, and root-knot nematode prevention and control simulation tests are carried out on the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer, test results show that only 3% of the root-knot nematodes enter the dropwise added holes of the prepared soil-improved organic liquid fertilizer, the prepared soil-improved organic liquid fertilizer has an obvious effect of avoiding the root-knot nematodes, can reduce the root-knot nematode diseases of crops, indirectly improve the growth vigor of the crops and reduce the concurrent diseases caused by the root-knot nematodes, and has positive effects, the application of the soil-improved organic liquid fertilizer has a good prevention and control effect on walnut black spot disease, and the incidence rate of the black spot disease is 18%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of different maturity times on the index of nutrients in organic liquid fertilizer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Test site: xinjiang Aksu, Kashi, and Hetian walnut planting bases.
Although five kinds of bacteria selected from Bacillus pumilus (Bacillus pumilus), Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis), Trichoderma asperellum (Trichoderma asperellum), Streptomyces corchorusii (Streptomyces corchorusii) and Streptomyces microflavus (Streptomyces microflavus) are common public well-known strains, the five kinds of bacteria can be purchased through public channels by ordinary technicians in the field, and the culture conditions and the culture mediums of the five kinds of bacteria can be obtained by common reports in the field, but the prior art does not disclose, and the five kinds of bacteria are not reported to be effectively matched to prepare the special composite microbial inoculum suitable for walnut planting.
All raw and auxiliary materials selected for use in the present invention, as well as methods for culturing the selected bacterial species, are well known and used in the art, and all percentages referred to herein are by weight unless otherwise indicated.
The first embodiment is as follows: soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer
The invention specifically provides a preparation method of a soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively carrying out activation culture on five bacteria of Bacillus pumilus (Bacillus pumilus), Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis), Trichoderma asperellum (Trichoderma asperellum), Streptomyces corchorusii (Streptomyces corchorusii) and Streptomyces microflavus (Streptomyces microflavus), and preparing into Bacillus pumilus fermentation liquor, Bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquor, Trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquor, Streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquor and Streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquor, wherein the viable count of the Bacillus pumilus fermentation liquor and the Bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquor reaches 1 × 109cfu/g or more; the spore rates of trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquor, streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquor and streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquor reach more than 90 percent;
(2) the compatibility of the microbial repairing agent: selecting 25-35% of the bacillus pumilus fermentation liquid prepared in the step (1), 20-30% of the bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquid, 15-25% of the trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquid, 10-20% of the streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquid and 5-15% of the streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquid according to the weight percentage, and mixing to prepare the microbial repairing agent;
(3) organic liquid fertilizer: selecting walnut green husks, pulping and soaking the walnut green husks for 24 hours in advance to prepare walnut green husk mash, mixing 4-6 parts of edible fungus residues, 3-5 parts of beet cake meal, 2-4 parts of plant ash and 1-3 parts of tenebrio molitor sand according to the parts by weight, crushing the materials, sieving the crushed materials by a 0.8cm sieve, mixing the crushed materials with 2-4 parts of the walnut green husk mash to obtain a mixture, uniformly spraying 10-20% of the microbial repairing agent prepared in the step (2) into the mixture according to the weight percentage, stacking the mixture to form a trapezoidal strip with the bottom being 1.5-2 meters wide and the height being 1 meter, controlling the water content to be 50-60%, during the period that the highest fermentation temperature of the stacked materials reaches 55-65 ℃, stirring the fermented liquid at the bottom of the stacked fertilizer, continuing to perform solid composting fermentation, finishing the fermentation after 10-20 days, adding water, standing for 12 hours, and extruding fermentation liquor in the fermentation material by using an extruder to obtain an organic liquid fertilizer;
(4) according to the weight percentage, 20-30% of potassium fulvate, 5-15% of compound amino acid, 3-9% of microbial repairing agent, 2-4% of sodium alginate and 1-3% of gamma-glutamic acid are added into the organic liquid fertilizer, and the mixture is uniformly mixed and stirred to prepare the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer.
The compound amino acid is L-alanine, L-valine, L-leucine, L-arginine, L-glutamic acid, L-glycine, L-threonine, 2:1:1:2:1: 2.
Preferably, in the invention, the microbial repairing agent is prepared by mixing 30% of bacillus pumilus fermentation liquid, 25% of bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquid, 20% of trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquid, 15% of streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquid and 10% of streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquid in percentage by weight to prepare the microbial repairing agent, and the viable bacteria can be detected to be 1 × 1011cfu/g。
Preferably, according to the invention, the mixture is prepared by mixing 5 parts of edible fungus residues, 4 parts of beet cake dregs, 3 parts of plant ash and 2 parts of tenebrio molitor sand in parts by weight, crushing the materials, sieving the crushed materials by a 0.8cm sieve, and mixing the crushed materials with 3 parts of walnut green husk mash.
Preferably, in the invention, 15% of microbial repairing agent is uniformly sprayed into the mixture for composting, the mixture is piled into a trapezoidal strip with the bottom 1.5-2 m wide and the height 1 m, the water content is controlled to be 50% -60%, the mixture is turned and piled for 1 time every 2 days before 4 days of fermentation, the mixture is turned and piled for 1 time every 5 days at intervals in the later period, the solid compost fermentation is continuously carried out after the fermentation liquid at the bottom of the compost is turned and stirred, the maximum fermentation temperature of the compost reaches 55-65 ℃ in the period, the fermentation is finished after 15 days of fermentation, 0.6-1.0 time of water is added into the mixture for fermentation, the mixture is kept stand for 12 hours, and the fermentation liquid in the fermentation material is extruded by an extruder to obtain the organic liquid fertilizer.
Preferably, according to the invention, 25% of potassium fulvate, 10% of compound amino acid, 6% of microbial repairing agent, 3% of sodium alginate and 2% of gamma-glutamic acid are added into the organic liquid fertilizer according to the weight percentage, and the mixture is uniformly mixed and stirred.
According to the invention, the effective viable bacteria of the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer is more than 2 hundred million/g.
Example two: soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer
Mixing 25% of bacillus pumilus fermentation liquor, 20% of bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquor, 15% of trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquor, 10% of streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquor and 5% of streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquor to prepare a microbial repairing agent; mixing 4kg of edible fungus residues, 3kg of beet cake dregs, 2kg of plant ash and 1kg of tenebrio molitor sand, crushing the materials, sieving by a 0.8cm sieve, and mixing with 2kg of walnut green husk mash to obtain a mixture; uniformly spraying 10% of microbial repairing agent into the mixture, composting to form a trapezoidal strip with the bottom being 1.5-2 m wide and the height being 1 m, controlling the water content to be 50% -60%, stirring the fermentation liquid at the bottom of the composting, continuing to perform solid compost fermentation, wherein the maximum fermentation temperature of the compost reaches 55-65 ℃, finishing the fermentation after fermenting for 10 days, adding water, standing for 12 hours, and extruding the fermentation liquid in the fermentation material by an extruder to obtain the organic liquid fertilizer; adding 20% of potassium fulvate, 5% of compound amino acid, 3% of microbial repairing agent, 2% of sodium alginate and 1% of gamma-glutamic acid into the organic liquid fertilizer, mixing and stirring uniformly to prepare the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer.
Example three: soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer
Mixing 30% of bacillus pumilus fermentation liquid, 25% of bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquid, 20% of trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquid, 15% of streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquid and 10% of streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquid to prepare a microbial repairing agent; mixing 5kg of edible fungus residues, 4kg of beet cake dregs, 3kg of plant ash and 2kg of mealworm sand, crushing the materials, sieving the crushed materials by a 0.8cm sieve, and mixing the crushed materials with 3kg of walnut green husk mash to obtain a mixture; uniformly spraying 15% of microbial repairing agent into the mixture, composting to form a trapezoidal strip with the bottom being 1.5-2 m wide and the height being 1 m, controlling the water content to be 50% -60%, stirring the fermented liquid at the bottom of the composting, continuing to perform solid compost fermentation, wherein the maximum fermentation temperature of the compost reaches 55-65 ℃, finishing the fermentation after fermenting for 15 days, adding water, standing for 12 hours, and extruding the fermented liquid in the fermented material by an extruder to obtain the organic liquid fertilizer; adding 25% of potassium fulvate, 10% of compound amino acid, 6% of microbial repairing agent, 3% of sodium alginate and 2% of gamma-glutamic acid into the organic liquid fertilizer, mixing and stirring uniformly to prepare the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer.
Example four: soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer
Mixing 35% of bacillus pumilus fermentation liquid, 30% of bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquid, 25% of trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquid, 20% of streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquid and 15% of streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquid to prepare a microbial repairing agent; mixing 6kg of edible fungus residues, 5kg of beet cake dregs, 4kg of plant ash and 3kg of mealworm sand, crushing the materials, sieving the crushed materials by a 0.8cm sieve, and mixing the crushed materials with 4kg of walnut green husk mash to obtain a mixture; uniformly spraying 20% of microbial repairing agent into the mixture, composting to form a trapezoidal strip with the bottom being 1.5-2 m wide and the height being 1 m, controlling the water content to be 50% -60%, stirring the fermented liquid at the bottom of the composting, continuing to perform solid compost fermentation, wherein the maximum fermentation temperature of the compost reaches 55-65 ℃, finishing the fermentation after fermenting for 20 days, adding water, standing for 12 hours, and extruding the fermented liquid in the fermented material by an extruder to obtain organic liquid fertilizer; and adding 30% of potassium fulvate, 15% of compound amino acid, 9% of microbial repairing agent, 4% of sodium alginate and 3% of gamma-glutamic acid into the organic liquid fertilizer, and mixing and stirring uniformly to prepare the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer.
Example five: soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer
Mixing 25% of bacillus pumilus fermentation liquor, 30% of bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquor, 25% of trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquor, 10% of streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquor and 15% of streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquor to prepare a microbial repairing agent; mixing 4kg of edible fungus residues, 5kg of beet cake dregs, 4kg of plant ash and 1kg of tenebrio molitor sand, crushing the materials, sieving by a 0.8cm sieve, and mixing with 4kg of walnut green husk mash to obtain a mixture; uniformly spraying 20% of microbial repairing agent into the mixture, composting to form a trapezoidal strip with the bottom being 1.5-2 m wide and the height being 1 m, controlling the water content to be 50% -60%, stirring the fermented liquid at the bottom of the composting, continuing to perform solid compost fermentation, wherein the maximum fermentation temperature of the compost reaches 55-65 ℃, finishing the fermentation after fermenting for 15 days, adding water, standing for 12 hours, and extruding the fermented liquid in the fermented material by an extruder to obtain organic liquid fertilizer; and (3) adding 30% of potassium fulvate, 5% of compound amino acid, 9% of microbial repairing agent, 2% of sodium alginate and 3% of gamma-glutamic acid into the organic liquid fertilizer, and mixing and stirring uniformly to prepare the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer.
Example six: soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer
Mixing 35% of bacillus pumilus fermentation liquid, 20% of bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquid, 15% of trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquid, 20% of streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquid and 5% of streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquid to prepare a microbial repairing agent; mixing 6kg of edible fungus residues, 3kg of beet cake dregs, 2kg of plant ash and 3kg of mealworm sand, crushing the materials, sieving the crushed materials by a 0.8cm sieve, and mixing the crushed materials with 2kg of walnut green husk mash to obtain a mixture; uniformly spraying 10% of microbial repairing agent into the mixture, composting to form a trapezoidal strip with the bottom being 1.5-2 m wide and the height being 1 m, controlling the water content to be 50% -60%, stirring the fermented liquid at the bottom of the composting, continuing to perform solid compost fermentation, wherein the maximum fermentation temperature of the compost reaches 55-65 ℃, fermenting for 20 days, ending the fermentation, adding water, standing for 12 hours, and extruding the fermented liquid in the fermented material by an extruder to obtain the organic liquid fertilizer; adding 20% of potassium fulvate, 15% of compound amino acid, 3% of microbial repairing agent, 4% of sodium alginate and 1% of gamma-glutamic acid into the organic liquid fertilizer, mixing and stirring uniformly to prepare the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer.
Example seven: soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer
(1) Optimization of microbial remediation agents
The microbial repairing agent is prepared by mixing bacillus pumilus fermentation liquor, bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquor, trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquor, streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquor and streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquor according to different proportions, wherein the proportions of different strains are shown in table 1.
Mixing 5kg of edible fungus residues, 4kg of beet cake dregs, 3kg of plant ash and 2kg of mealworm sand, crushing the materials, sieving the crushed materials by a 0.8cm sieve, and mixing the crushed materials with 3kg of walnut green husk mash to obtain a mixture; uniformly spraying 10% of microbial repairing agent into the mixture, composting to form a trapezoidal strip with the bottom being 1.5-2 m wide and the height being 1 m, controlling the water content to be 50% -60%, stirring the fermented liquid at the bottom of the composting, continuing to perform solid compost fermentation, wherein the maximum fermentation temperature of the compost reaches 55-65 ℃, finishing the fermentation after fermenting for 20 days, adding water, standing for 12 hours, and extruding the fermented liquid in the fermented material by an extruder to obtain the organic liquid fertilizer. Detecting total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, water-soluble phosphorus and water-soluble potassium in the organic liquid fertilizer, wherein the total nitrogen (alkaline potassium persulfate digestion ultraviolet spectrophotometry detection), the ammonium nitrogen and the nitrate nitrogen (continuous flow analyzer detection), the water-soluble phosphorus (vanadium molybdenum yellow colorimetry detection) and the water-soluble potassium (flame photometry detection).
Table 1: proportioning table for different strains in microbial repairing agent
Table 2: nutrient indexes of liquid fertilizers of fermentation machines with different microbial repairing agents
In the nutrient index test of the organic liquid fertilizer obtained by fermenting different microbial repairing agents, the results are shown in table 2, and bacillus pumilus fermentation liquor, bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquor, trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquor, streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquor and streptomyces microflavus are mixed according to different proportions, wherein the total nitrogen content of different treatment groups is from high to low: the total nitrogen content of the B group is obviously higher than that of the other groups, and the measurement results of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen contents show that nitrogen in the liquid fertilizer of each treatment group mainly exists in the form of ammonium nitrogen; the water-soluble phosphorus content in the organic liquid fertilizer is as follows: the water-soluble phosphorus content of the group B is higher than that of the other groups, and the difference is obvious; the water-soluble potassium content in the organic liquid fertilizer is from high to low sequentially B group > C group > D group > A group > E group > F group > G group, and the water-soluble phosphorus content of the B group is 653.2mg/L higher than that of the other groups. The above test results are combined to show that the nutrient index of the organic liquid fertilizer obtained by the proportion of the group B is higher, and the fermentation and decomposition effects are better. Therefore, the preferred combination is: 30% of bacillus pumilus fermentation liquid, 25% of bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquid, 20% of trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquid, 15% of streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquid and 10% of streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquid are mixed to prepare the microbial repairing agent.
(2) Mixture condition optimization
Mixing 30% of bacillus pumilus fermentation liquid, 25% of bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquid, 20% of trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquid, 15% of streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquid and 10% of streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquid to prepare a microbial repairing agent; mixing edible fungus residue, beet cake meal, plant ash and mealworm sand with different contents, pulverizing the materials, sieving with 0.8cm sieve, mixing with walnut green husk mash to prepare a mixture, wherein different formulations are shown in Table 3. Uniformly spraying 10% of a microbial repairing agent into the mixture, composting, finishing fermentation after fermenting for 20 days, adding water, standing for 12 hours, extruding fermentation liquor in the fermentation material by using an extruder to obtain an organic liquid fertilizer, and detecting the content of total nitrogen, water-soluble phosphorus and water-soluble potassium in the organic liquid fertilizer.
Table 3: nutrient index of liquid fertilizer of mixture fermentation machine with different proportions
In the nutrient index test of the liquid fertilizer of the mixture fermentation machine with different proportions, the results are shown in table 3, and edible fungus residues, beet pulp, plant ash and mealworm sand are mixed according to different proportions, wherein the total nitrogen content of the group B is significantly higher than that of the other groups and is 572.6 mg/L; the water-soluble phosphorus content in the liquid fertilizer of the group B machine is higher than that of other groups, and the difference is obvious; the water soluble potassium content of group B was 669.8mg/L higher than that of the other groups. The combination of the test results shows that the nutrient index of the organic liquid fertilizer obtained by the mixture ratio of the group B is higher. Therefore, the preferred combination is: 5kg of edible fungus residues, 4kg of beet cake meal, 3kg of plant ash, 2kg of tenebrio molitor sand and 3kg of walnut green husk mash are mixed, and the mixture is obtained after the materials are crushed and sieved by a 0.8cm sieve.
(3) Optimization of addition amount of microbial repairing agent during fermentation and decomposition
On the basis of the early test result, performing optimization test on the using amount and fermentation decomposition time of the microbial repairing agent, and mixing 30% of a bacillus pumilus fermentation liquid, 25% of a bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquid, 20% of a trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquid, 15% of a streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquid and 10% of a streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquid to prepare the microbial repairing agent; mixing 5kg of edible fungus residues, 4kg of beet cake dregs, 3kg of plant ash and 2kg of mealworm sand, crushing the materials, sieving the crushed materials by a 0.8cm sieve, and mixing the crushed materials with 3kg of walnut green husk mash to obtain a mixture; uniformly spraying a certain amount of microbial repairing agent into the mixture, composting, adding water after 20 days of fermentation, standing for 12 hours, extruding the fermentation liquid in the fermentation material by using an extruder to obtain an organic liquid fertilizer, and detecting the content of total nitrogen, water-soluble phosphorus and water-soluble potassium in the organic liquid fertilizer.
Table 4: nutrient index of microbial repairing agent fermentation machine liquid fertilizer with different addition amounts
Uniformly spraying different amounts of microbial repairing agents into the mixture, and composting, wherein the test results are shown in table 4, the total nutrient index of the fermented organic liquid fertilizer is gradually increased and then gradually becomes stable along with the increase of the addition amount of the microbial repairing agents, and when the addition amount of the microbial repairing agents is 15%, the nutrient index of the fermented organic liquid fertilizer is highest, the total nitrogen content is 592.3mg/L, the water-soluble phosphorus is 152.7mg/L, and the water-soluble potassium is 676.3 mg/L. Therefore, it is preferable to select the amount of the microbial repairing agent to be 15%.
(4) Maturity time optimization
On the basis of the early test result, performing optimization test on the using amount and fermentation decomposition time of the microbial repairing agent, and mixing 30% of a bacillus pumilus fermentation liquid, 25% of a bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquid, 20% of a trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquid, 15% of a streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquid and 10% of a streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquid to prepare the microbial repairing agent; mixing 5kg of edible fungus residues, 4kg of beet cake dregs, 3kg of plant ash and 2kg of mealworm sand, crushing the materials, sieving the crushed materials by a 0.8cm sieve, and mixing the crushed materials with 3kg of walnut green husk mash to obtain a mixture; uniformly spraying 15% of a microbial repairing agent into the mixture, composting, adding water after fermentation is finished, standing for 12 hours, extruding fermentation liquor in the fermentation material by using an extruder to obtain an organic liquid fertilizer, and detecting the content of total nitrogen, water-soluble phosphorus and water-soluble potassium in the organic liquid fertilizer.
The test result is shown in the attached figure 1, the nutrient indexes of the fermented organic liquid fertilizer are gradually stable after being increased along with the increase of the rotting time, when the fermenting and rotting time is within the range of 0-15 days, the contents of total nitrogen, water-soluble phosphorus and water-soluble potassium in the organic liquid fertilizer are all in an increasing trend, when the rotting time is within the range of 15-25 days, the contents of the total nitrogen, the water-soluble phosphorus and the water-soluble potassium are basically stable, when the rotting time is within 30 days, the contents of the total nitrogen, the water-soluble phosphorus and the water-soluble potassium are reduced in a small degree, and by combining the results, when the rotting time is within 15 days, all the nutrient indexes of the organic liquid fertilizer are in a higher level.
(5) Formula optimization of soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer
The test respectively explores the influence of the addition amount of potassium fulvate, the addition amount of compound amino acid, the addition amount of a microbial repairing agent, the addition amount of sodium alginate and the addition amount of gamma-glutamic acid in the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer on the yield of each walnut, and a five-factor four-level orthogonal test is carried out on the basis of a single-factor test, wherein the factors and the levels of the orthogonal test are shown in a table 5.
Table 5: orthogonal test factor and horizon
The influence of the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizers with different contents on the yield of each walnut plant is optimized in an orthogonal mode, the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizers of different test groups are diluted by 20 times and applied to walnut trees, the walnut trees with the same tree age and tree conditions are selected for each test group, 3 walnut trees are parallelly arranged for each test group, and the test results and analysis are shown in a table 6.
Table 6: orthogonal test result and analysis for single-plant yield of walnuts
In the range of experimental design, the influence of the addition amount of the potassium fulvate, the addition amount of the microbial repairing agent and the addition amount of the gamma-glutamic acid on the yield of each walnut plant is the largest by combining the table 6, and the optimal optimization condition is A3B2C2D3E2Adding 25 percent of potassium fulvate, 10 percent of compound amino acid and 6 percent of organic liquid fertilizerThe microbial repairing agent, 3% of sodium alginate and 2% of gamma-glutamic acid are mixed and stirred uniformly, the prepared soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer is applied to walnut planting, and the yield of each walnut plant is highest.
The preparation method of the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer obtained through the optimization of the tests comprises the following steps: mixing 30% of bacillus pumilus fermentation liquid, 25% of bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquid, 20% of trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquid, 15% of streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquid and 10% of streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquid to prepare a microbial repairing agent; mixing 5kg of edible fungus residues, 4kg of beet cake dregs, 3kg of plant ash and 2kg of mealworm sand, crushing the materials, sieving the crushed materials by a 0.8cm sieve, and mixing the crushed materials with 3kg of walnut green husk mash to obtain a mixture; uniformly spraying 15% of microbial repairing agent into the mixture, composting to form a trapezoidal strip with the bottom being 1.5-2 m wide and the height being 1 m, controlling the water content to be 50% -60%, stirring the fermented liquid at the bottom of the composting, continuing to perform solid compost fermentation, wherein the maximum fermentation temperature of the compost reaches 55-65 ℃, finishing the fermentation after fermenting for 15 days, adding water, standing for 12 hours, and extruding the fermented liquid in the fermented material by an extruder to obtain the organic liquid fertilizer; adding 25% of potassium fulvate, 10% of compound amino acid, 6% of microbial repairing agent, 3% of sodium alginate and 2% of gamma-glutamic acid into the organic liquid fertilizer, mixing and stirring uniformly to prepare the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer. The invention is characterized in that tests prove that the five bacteria are compounded according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the liquid organic fertilizer is fused with the potassium fulvate, the compound amino acid and the microbial repairing agent, under the protection of a strain humectant, a specific liquid organic fertilizer compatibility and preparation process is adopted, the specificity and complexity of microbial strains are utilized, various strains can be compositely compatible for use, the microbial repairing agent and the liquid organic fertilizer can be creatively selected for preparation by the process verified by tests through the combination of the compatibility and the compatibility of various strains and the attribute of various strains, the safety of the compound strains and the compounding requirement of the selected organic fertilizer raw materials are considered, and the microbial repairing agent can quickly decompose a mixed material, has high-efficient degradation capability and obtains a large amount of nutrient substances, 25 percent of potassium fulvate and the microbial repairing agent are added into the organic liquid fertilizer, The soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer prepared by mixing 10% of compound amino acid and 6% of microbial repairing agent has a remarkable repairing effect on saline-alkali soil, can improve soil aggregate structure, adjust the pH value of soil, relieve saline and alkaline soil and hardening degree, eliminate soil toxic substances and accelerate growth activities of soil organic substances, nutrient substances can be fully absorbed and utilized by walnuts, the yield and quality of fruit trees can be improved, the effect of better protecting and moisturizing bacteria can be achieved by adding 3% of sodium alginate and 2% of gamma-glutamic acid, the fertilizer is safe and non-toxic, the dormant state of microorganisms is enhanced, the effect of prolonging the shelf life is achieved, and the fertilizer is very suitable for being used as a fertilizer for planting walnuts in saline-alkaline land.
Example eight: soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer for preventing and treating walnut root knot nematode disease
The test is divided into 5 test groups, namely a T1 test group, and the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer is prepared according to the third embodiment; the T2 test group was prepared according to the method of preparing the microbial repairing agent in example three (i.e., 30% of Bacillus pumilus fermentation broth, 25% of Bacillus licheniformis fermentation broth, 20% of Trichoderma asperellum fermentation broth, 15% of Streptomyces corchorusii fermentation broth and 10% of Streptomyces microflavus fermentation broth were mixed to obtain the microbial repairing agent); the T3 test group was prepared by the method of preparing organic liquid fertilizer in example three (i.e., 5kg of edible fungi residue, 4kg of beet pulp, 3kg of plant ash, 2kg of tenebrio molitor sand and 3 parts of walnut green husk mash were mixed, 15% of microbial remediation agent was added, composting was performed while stirring the fermentation liquid at the bottom of composting, solid composting fermentation was continued after 15 days of fermentation was completed, after water was added, standing was performed for 12 hours, and the fermentation liquid was extruded to obtain organic liquid fertilizer), the T5 test group was a commercially available conventional organic biological liquid fertilizer, and the T5 test group was distilled water.
In the experiment, a small filter paper sheet of the meloidogyne suspension is placed in the middle of a PDA culture medium flat plate, half holes are drilled in each test group, diluent is dripped into the holes of the blank group, purified water is dripped into the holes of the blank group, after the blank group is placed for 12 hours, the meloidogyne walnuts in each hole are observed and recorded, and the insect expelling effect of the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer on the meloidogyne walnuts is shown in Table 7.
Table 7: insect expelling effect of soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer on root-knot nematode
| Test group | Meloidogyne incopora rate (%) | |
| T1 | 20-time diluent for soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer | 3 |
| T2 | 20-fold diluent of microbial repairing agent | 9 |
| T3 | 20-time diluent of decomposed organic liquid fertilizer | 14 |
| T4 | Commercial organic biological liquid fertilizer | 86 |
| T5 | Blank group | 94 |
The walnut meloidogyne disease is a disease caused by nematodes, the yield of light people is reduced by about 10%, the yield of heavy people is reduced by more than 50%, and in order to prevent and control the harm of the nematodes to walnut seedlings, a meloidogyne disease control simulation test is carried out, the test result is shown in table 7, more than 95% of meloidogyne in holes dropwise added with distilled water in a T4 group enters water, the soil improved organic liquid fertilizer prepared according to a T1 group only has 3% of meloidogyne in the dropwise added holes, 9% and 14% of meloidogyne respectively enter in T2 and T3 groups, 86% of meloidogyne enters in a T4 group commercial organic biological liquid fertilizer, and the insect-expelling effect of the T4 group is lower than that of the T1, T2 and T3 groups, the best insect-expelling effect is the soil improved organic liquid fertilizer prepared by the T1 group, and the T2 and T3 groups also have certain insect-expelling effect. Experiments show that the prepared soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer has obvious avoidance effect on the root knot nematode, can reduce the root knot nematode disease of crops, indirectly improve the growth vigor of the crops and has positive effect on reducing the concurrent diseases caused by the root knot nematode.
Example nine: soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer
The disease-resistant insect-repellent bio-organic fertilizer prepared according to the method in the embodiment is tested according to the regulations provided by the national NY884-2012 bio-organic fertilizer industry standard, and the results are as follows:
the effective viable bacteria detected in the initial stage of the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer is more than 2 hundred million/g, the effective viable bacteria number detected after the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer is placed in a ventilated and shady place for three months is more than 1.5 hundred million/g, and the effective viable bacteria number detected after the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer is placed for twelve months is more than 0.8 hundred million/g; the invention proves that the activity of the functional bacteria in the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer prepared by the specific preparation method provided by the invention is very good, and the microbial activity index completely meets the related indexes specified in the national NY884-2012 bio-organic fertilizer industry standard.
Example ten: application effect test of soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer in walnut planting in saline-alkali soil
The test is provided with 4 test groups, wherein a T1 group is diluted by 20 times by applying the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer diluent prepared by the invention, a T2 group is a biological organic fertilizer applied in a fertilizer efficiency test of a special biological organic fertilizer for ferment walnut disclosed by Hedgehog, a T3 group is a novel biological organic fertilizer produced by tobacco waste and the influence of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer on walnut growth disclosed by Yangyouming, and a T4 group is a conventional organic fertilizer purchased by applying markets; test area location: aksu, variety, Xinjiang: the walnut is a 5-year-old walnut tree, and the walnut is 185-skin walnut; and (3) repeating the treatment of 3 test areas for 3 times by adopting a random block method, and counting the yield of each walnut plant and the incidence rate of black spot diseases after fertilizing for 1 year.
Table 8: influence of applying different fertilizers on yield of walnut single plant
| Single plant yield (kg) | Incidence of black spot disease (%) | |
| T1 | 17.5 | 18％ |
| T2 | 15.2 | 32％ |
| T3 | 13.9 | 44％ |
| T4 | 13.6 | 46％ |
The test results are shown in table 8, the application of the T1 group soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer has a significant difference in the walnut single plant yield compared with the application of the T2 group and the T3 group fertilizers, the walnut single plant yield of the T1 group soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer is 17.5kg, the walnut leaves are tough and stiff, the leaf thickness is increased, the leaf veins are full and strong, and the new branch extraction force is strong, which indicates that the walnut trees planted in the saline-alkali soil with the application of the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer can significantly improve the yield and quality of the walnut trees, the fertilizer nutrients are effectively activated and can be easily absorbed and utilized by crops, and the application of the T1 group soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer has a good prevention and control effect on black spot disease, the black spot disease rate is 18%, and the application of the T1 group soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer has a significant prevention and control effect compared.
A series of screening and effect verification tests show that the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer prepared by the invention has the effects of increasing yield and income and remarkably enhancing tree vigor for walnut planting in saline-alkali soil after being applied, and the quality of walnuts is remarkably improved; the microbial repairing agent can effectively activate soil regeneration elements, improve soil granular structure, adjust soil pH value, relieve soil salinization and hardening degree, accelerate growth activities of soil organic matters, fully absorb and utilize nutrients of the microbial repairing agent by walnuts, is beneficial to improving the yield and quality of walnut trees, and has wide use value.
The above examples are merely illustrative for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications can be made while remaining within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer is characterized by being obtained by the following preparation method:
(1) bacillus pumilus (B.)Bacillus pumilus) Bacillus licheniformis (B), (B)Bacillus licheniformis) Trichoderma asperellum (A), (B), (C), (Trichoderma asperellum) Streptomyces corchorusii (A)Streptomyces corchorusii) Streptomyces microflavus (A), (B)Streptomyces microflavus) Respectively performing activation culture on the five bacteria, and preparing bacillus pumilus fermentation liquor, bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquor, trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquor, streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquor and streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquor, wherein the viable count of the bacillus pumilus fermentation liquor and the bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquor reaches 1 multiplied by 109cfu/g or more; the spore rates of trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquor, streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquor and streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquor reach more than 90 percent;
(2) the compatibility of the microbial repairing agent: selecting 25-35% of the bacillus pumilus fermentation liquid prepared in the step (1), 20-30% of the bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquid, 15-25% of the trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquid, 10-20% of the streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquid and 5-15% of the streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquid according to the weight percentage, and mixing to prepare the microbial repairing agent;
(3) organic liquid fertilizer: pulping and soaking walnut green husks for 24 hours in advance to prepare walnut green husk mash, mixing 4-6 parts of edible fungus residues, 3-5 parts of beet cake meal, 2-4 parts of plant ash and 1-3 parts of tenebrio molitor sand according to the parts by weight, crushing the materials, sieving the materials by a 0.8cm sieve, mixing the crushed materials with 2-4 parts of walnut green husk mash to obtain a mixture, uniformly spraying 10-20% of the microbial repairing agent prepared in the step (2) into the mixture according to the weight percentage, stacking and retting the mixture to form a trapezoidal strip with the bottom being 1.5-2 meters wide and the height being 1 meter, controlling the water content to be 50-60%, during the period, when the highest fermentation temperature of the stacked materials reaches 55-65 ℃, stirring the fermentation liquid at the bottom of the stacked and retted materials, continuing to perform solid composting fermentation, finishing the fermentation after 10-20 days, adding water, standing for 12 hours, and extruding fermentation liquor in the fermentation material by using an extruder to obtain an organic liquid fertilizer;
(4) according to the weight percentage, 20-30% of potassium fulvate, 5-15% of compound amino acid, 3-9% of microbial repairing agent, 2-4% of sodium alginate and 1-3% of gamma-glutamic acid are added into the organic liquid fertilizer, and the mixture is uniformly mixed and stirred to prepare the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer.
2. The method for preparing the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite amino acid comprises L-alanine, L-valine, L-leucine, L-glutamic acid, L-glycine, and L-threonine =2:1:1:2:1: 2.
3. The method for preparing a soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial repairing agent is prepared by mixing 30% by weight of prepared bacillus pumilus fermentation liquid, 25% by weight of prepared bacillus licheniformis fermentation liquid, 20% by weight of prepared trichoderma asperellum fermentation liquid, 15% by weight of prepared streptomyces corchorusii fermentation liquid and 10% by weight of prepared streptomyces microflavus fermentation liquid.
4. The preparation method of the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixture is obtained by mixing 5 parts of edible fungus residues, 4 parts of beet cake, 3 parts of plant ash, 2 parts of tenebrio molitor sand and 3 parts of walnut green husk in parts by weight, and sieving the crushed materials with a 0.8cm sieve.
5. The method for preparing a soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises spraying 15% of the microbial repairing agent into the mixture, composting, stacking into a trapezoidal strip with a bottom 1.5-2 m wide and a height of 1 m, controlling the water content within 50% -60%, turning the pile 1 time every 2 days before 4 days of fermentation, turning the pile 1 time every 5 days at intervals in the later period, wherein the maximum fermentation temperature of the pile reaches 55-65 ℃, finishing the fermentation after 15 days of fermentation, adding 0.6-1.0 times of water into the mixture, standing for 12 hours, and extruding the fermentation liquid in the fermentation material by an extruder to obtain the organic liquid fertilizer.
6. The method for preparing a soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer is prepared by adding 25% of potassium fulvate, 10% of compound amino acid, 6% of microbial repairing agent, 3% of sodium alginate and 2% of gamma-glutamic acid into the organic liquid fertilizer by weight percentage, and uniformly mixing and stirring.
7. The soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
8. The application of the soil improvement type organic liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 7 in walnut planting in saline-alkali soil.
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| CN114195578A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-18 | 山东农业大学 | Liquid compound microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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