CN111152657B - 电动车辆 - Google Patents

电动车辆 Download PDF

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CN111152657B
CN111152657B CN201910891257.3A CN201910891257A CN111152657B CN 111152657 B CN111152657 B CN 111152657B CN 201910891257 A CN201910891257 A CN 201910891257A CN 111152657 B CN111152657 B CN 111152657B
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charging
relay
vehicle
power line
voltage
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CN111152657A (zh
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古岛耕一
元平晖人
大野友也
青木优也
汤本伸伍
有留健
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/02—Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
    • H02P29/024—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2300/00—Purposes or special features of road vehicle drive control systems
    • B60Y2300/91—Battery charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种电动车辆，具备：系统主继电器，安装于将蓄电装置与驱动电路连接的动力用电力线上；电容器，安装于动力用电力线的系统主继电器和驱动电路之间；和充电用继电器，安装于将动力用电力线的系统主继电器和驱动电路之间与车辆侧连接部连接的充电用电力线上。并且，在利用来自直流充电站的电力对蓄电装置进行充电的过程中车辆侧连接部与站侧连接部的连接解除时，使充电用继电器和系统主继电器关断，使用电容器的电压对充电用继电器的两极熔敷异常进行诊断，并在该诊断之后将电容器放电。

Description

电动车辆
技术领域
本发明涉及电动车辆，详细而言，涉及通过来自车外的直流充电站的电力对车载的蓄电装置进行充电的电动车辆。
背景技术
以往，作为这种电动车辆，提出了在使用了来自车外的直流充电站的电力的蓄电装置的充电结束之后，进行充电用继电器的熔敷诊断(例如，参照日本特开2016-073110)。在该车辆中，在充电结束之后将站侧连接器从接入口移除，在覆盖接入口的盖关闭之后进行充电用继电器的熔敷诊断。
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
然而，在覆盖接入口的盖关闭之后进行充电用继电器的熔敷诊断的情况下，无法适用于未设置接入口的盖的车辆。另外，在虽然在接入口处设置有盖但无法检测盖关闭时，也无法进行充电用继电器的熔敷诊断。在无法进行充电用继电器的熔敷诊断的情况下，虽然也有以使站侧连接器连接于接入口的方式进行提醒，并确认站侧连接器正连接于接入口而进行充电用继电器的熔敷诊断的方案，但是在充电用继电器两极熔敷时，在站侧连接器连接于接入口时，存在大电流流过而损坏设备的风险。
本发明的电动车辆的主要目的在于，在充电中车外的直流充电站的站侧连接部与车辆侧连接部的连接解除时，更可靠地进行充电用继电器的两极熔敷诊断。
用于解决课题的技术方案
为了达成上述主要目的，本发明的电动车辆采取以下手段。
本发明的电动车辆具备：电动机，输出行驶用的动力；驱动电路，对所述电动机进行驱动；蓄电装置；系统主继电器，安装于将所述蓄电装置与所述驱动电路连接的动力用电力线上；电容器，安装于所述动力用电力线的所述系统主继电器和所述驱动电路之间；车辆侧连接部，与车外的直流充电站的站侧连接部连接；充电用继电器，安装于将所述动力用电力线的所述系统主继电器和所述驱动电路之间与所述车辆侧连接部连接的充电用电力线上；和控制装置，对所述系统主继电器及所述充电用继电器进行控制，所述电动车辆的特征在于，在利用来自所述直流充电站的电力对所述蓄电装置进行充电的过程中所述车辆侧连接部与所述站侧连接部的连接解除时，所述控制装置使所述充电用继电器关断并使所述系统主继电器关断，在该状态下对所述充电用继电器的两极熔敷异常进行诊断，将所述电容器放电。
在本发明的电动车辆中，在通过来自直流充电站的电力对蓄电装置进行充电的过程中车辆侧连接部与站侧连接部的连接解除时，使充电用继电器关断并使系统主继电器关断。并且，在该状态下对充电用继电器的两极熔敷异常进行诊断，并将电容器放电。即，使用电容器的电压来进行充电用继电器的两极熔敷异常的诊断。由此，即使在充电中未预期地解除车辆侧连接部与站侧连接部的连接时，或者在充电中故意地解除车辆侧连接部与站侧连接部的连接时，也能够更可靠地对充电用继电器的两极熔敷异常进行诊断。
在这样的本发明的电动车辆中，也可以是，所述控制装置使用所述充电用电力线的所述充电用继电器和所述车辆侧连接部之间的电压对所述充电用继电器的两极熔敷异常进行诊断。例如，也可以是在充电用电力线的充电用继电器和车辆侧连接部之间的电压为阈值以上时，诊断为在充电用继电器发生两极熔敷异常，在充电用电力线的充电用继电器和车辆侧连接部之间的电压小于阈值时，诊断为充电用继电器未发生两极熔敷异常。在该情况下，作为阈值，使用低于充电时的电容器的电压且高于0的电压即可。
附图说明
接下来参照附图本对发明的示例性实施例的技术特征、优点及技术和工业意义进行说明，其中相同标号表示相同元件。
图1是示出作为本发明的一个实施例的电动汽车20的结构的概略的结构图。
图2是示出由电子控制单元70执行的充电结束处理的一例的流程图。
具体实施方式
接下来，使用实施例对用于实施本发明的方式进行说明。
图1是示出作为本发明的一个实施例的电动汽车20的结构的概略的结构图。如图所示，实施例的电动汽车20具备：电动机32、变换器34、蓄电池36、升压转换器40、高电压侧电力线42、低电压侧电力线44、系统主继电器38、充电用电力线50、车辆侧接入口54和电子控制单元70。
电动机32构成为同步发电电动机，具备埋入了永磁体的转子和缠绕了三相线圈的定子。该电动机32的转子与经由差动齿轮24而连结于驱动轮22a、22b的驱动轴26连接。
变换器34连接于电动机32并且连接于高电压侧电力线42。该变换器34构成为具有六个三极管和六个二极管的周知的变换器电路。
蓄电池36构成为例如锂离子二次电池、镍氢二次电池，连接于低电压侧电力线44。
升压转换器40与高电压侧电力线42和低电压侧电力线44连接，构成为具有两个三极管、两个二极管及电抗器的周知的升降压变换器电路。
在高电压侧电力线42的正极母线和负极母线上连接有高电压侧电容器46，在低电压侧电力线44的正极母线和负极母线上安装有低电压侧电容器48。在低电压侧电力线44上安装有系统主继电器38。该系统主继电器38具有设置于低电压侧电力线44的正极母线的正极侧继电器SMRB、设置于低电压侧电力线44的负极母线的负极侧继电器SMRG及以绕过负极侧继电器SMRG的方式将预充电用电阻R和预充电用继电器SMRP串联连接的预充电电路。
充电用电力线50的一端连接于低电压侧电力线44的比系统主继电器38靠升压转换器40侧(电动机32侧)，另一端连接于车辆侧接入口54。在充电用电力线50上安装有充电用继电器52。充电用继电器52具有设置于充电用电力线50的正极侧线的正极侧继电器DCRB和设置于充电用电力线50的负极侧线的负极侧继电器DCRG。充电用电力线50通过在车辆侧接入口54连接外部直流电源装置120的外部侧连接器154而连接于外部直流电源装置120的外部侧充电用电力线150。虽未图示，但外部直流电源装置120连接于外部的商用电源，将来自商用电源的电力变换为直流电力而从外部侧充电用电力线150进行供给。
在车辆侧接入口54连接有连接线58和通信线60，在车辆侧接入口54连接了外部侧连接器154时，连接线58经由外部侧连接器154而连接于外部直流电源装置120的外部侧连接线158，通信线60经由外部侧连接器154而与连接于外部直流电源装置120的外部侧通信线160连接。
电子控制单元70构成为以CPU72为中心的微处理器，除了CPU72之外还具备存储处理程序的ROM74、暂时地存储数据的RAM76、未图示的闪存、未图示的输入输出端口、未图示的通信端口等。
在电子控制单元70经由输入端口而输入有来自各种传感器的信号。作为输入电子控制单元70的信号，例如可以举出来自检测电动机32的转子的旋转位置的旋转位置检测传感器(例如旋转变压器)32a的旋转位置θm、来自安装于蓄电池36的端子间的电压传感器36a的电压VB、来自安装于蓄电池36的输出端子的电流传感器36b的电流IB。另外，还能举出来自安装于高电压侧电容器46的端子间的电压传感器46a的高电压侧电容器46(高电压侧电力线42)的电压VH、来自安装于低电压侧电容器48的端子间的电压传感器48a的低电压侧电容器48(低电压侧电力线44)的电压VL。来自安装于充电用电力线50的电压传感器50a的充电电压Vchg也被输入。另外，在电子控制单元70的输入端口连接有与车辆侧接入口54连接的连接线58、来自安装于车辆侧接入口54的盖传感器56的盖信号线62。此外，由于电子控制单元70也作为车辆的驱动控制装置发挥功能，因此也被输入在行驶控制中所需要的信息。作为这些信息，可以举出例如，来自点火开关的点火信号、来自检测换挡杆的操作位置的换挡位置传感器的换挡位置、来自检测加速踏板的踏入量的加速踏板位置传感器的油门开度、来自检测制动踏板的踏入量的制动踏板位置传感器的制动踏板位置、来自车速传感器的车速等(未图示)。
从电子控制单元70经由输出端口输出各种控制信号。作为从电子控制单元70输出的信号，可以举出例如向变换器34的三极管的开关控制信号、向升压转换器40的三极管的开关控制信号、向系统主继电器38的驱动控制信号、向充电用继电器52的驱动控制信号、向配置于驾驶座位前方的仪表盘的显示器78的显示信号等。
电子控制单元70通过向外部侧通信线160连接与通信端口连接的通信线60，从而与外部侧直流电源装置120进行通信。
接下来，对这样构成的实施例的电动汽车20的动作，特别是在对蓄电池进行使用了来自外部直流电源装置120的电力的充电过程中外部侧连接器154与车辆侧接入口54的连接解除时的动作进行说明。图2是示出由电子控制单元70执行的充电结束处理的一例的流程图。该例程在使用了来自外部直流电源装置120的电力的充电开始时被执行。
当执行充电结束处理时，电子控制单元70首先判定充电是否结束(步骤S100)。在此，步骤S100的充电结束的判定为如下判定：是否是由于蓄电池36达到充满电而正常进行的充电结束。在判定为充电未正常结束时，判定在车辆侧接入口54是否连接有外部侧连接器154(步骤S120)。该判定能够通过连接于车辆侧接入口54的连接线58是否与连接于外部侧连接器154的外部侧连接线158连接来进行。在判定为在车辆侧接入口54连接有外部侧连接器154时返回步骤S100的充电是否正常地结束的判定。因此，直到充电正常地结束为止，在车辆侧接入口54连接外部侧连接器154时，反复执行步骤S100、S120的处理。
在步骤S100判定为充电正常地结束时，执行正常结束的程序(步骤S110)，结束本处理。作为正常结束的程序，可以举出例如，在接通系统主继电器38的状态下，接通和关断充电用继电器52的正极侧继电器DCRB、负极侧继电器DCRG来进行正极侧继电器DCRB、负极侧继电器DCRG的熔敷异常的诊断，存储诊断结果，并关断充电用继电器52及系统主继电器38等。
在充电正常地结束之前车辆侧接入口54与外部侧连接器154的连接解除时，在步骤S120做出否定判定，并执行步骤S130～S160的结束程序来结束处理。作为在充电正常地结束之前车辆侧接入口54与外部侧连接器154的连接解除时，可以举出外部侧连接器154未预期地从车辆侧接入口54移除的情况、通过将外部侧连接器154从车辆侧接入口54移除来强制地结束充电的情况等。
在步骤S120中进行了否定判定时的结束程序中，首先，直接关断充电用继电器52和系统主继电器38(步骤S130)，来抑制向车辆侧接入口54供给蓄电池36侧的电力。接下来，进行充电用继电器52的两极熔敷异常的诊断(步骤S140)。充电用继电器52的两极熔敷异常的诊断可以通过检查来自电压传感器50a的充电电压Vchg来进行。由于低电压侧电容器48未被放电，因此在产生在充电用继电器52的正极侧继电器DCRB和负极侧继电器DCRG双方发生熔敷的两极熔敷异常时，充电电压Vchg变为低电压侧电容器48的电压VL或该电压值附近的值，在未发生两极熔敷异常时变为值0或值0附近的值。因此，能够在来自电压传感器50a的充电电压Vchg大于预先设定为低于低电压侧电容器48的电压VL的值的阈值时，诊断为发生两极熔敷异常，在充电电压Vchg小于阈值时，诊断为未发生两极熔敷异常。在结束这样的充电用继电器52的两极熔敷异常的诊断后，存储充电用继电器52的两极熔敷异常的诊断结果(步骤S150)，将低电压侧电容器48放电(步骤S160)，结束程序。将低电压侧电容器48放电能够通过例如驱动升压转换器40的开关元件消耗电能来进行。通过执行这样的程序，即使在充电未正常地结束时，也能够进行充电用继电器52的两极熔敷异常的诊断。
在实施例的电动汽车20中，在外部侧连接器154未预期地从车辆侧接入口54移除的情况下、或者在通过将外部侧连接器154从车辆侧接入口54移除来强制地结束充电的情况下，执行以下结束程序：使充电用继电器52和系统主继电器38关断，使用低电压侧电容器48的电压VL来进行充电用继电器52的两极熔敷异常的诊断，在诊断之后将低电压侧电容器48放电。由此，即使在充电未正常地结束时，也能够进行充电用继电器52的两极熔敷异常的诊断。其结果，在充电中外部直流电源装置120的外部侧连接器154与车辆侧接入口54的连接解除时，能够更精确地进行充电用继电器52的两极熔敷异常的诊断。当然，在充电正常地结束时，进行充电用继电器52的各极的熔敷异常的诊断。
在实施例的电动汽车20中，作为蓄电装置而使用了蓄电池36，但只要是能够蓄电的设备即可，也可以使用电容器等。在实施例的电动汽车20中，虽然具备升压转换器40，但也可以不具备升压转换器40。
在实施例中，虽然是具备电动机32的电动汽车20的方案。但是，也可以除了电动机32之外还具备发动机的混合动力汽车的方案，也可以是搭载燃料电池的汽车的方案。
对实施例的主要的要素与在用于解决课题的技术方案一栏中记载的发明的主要的要素之间的对应关系进行说明。在实施例中，电动机32相当于“电动机”，升压转换器40、变换器34相当于“驱动电路”，蓄电池36相当于“蓄电装置”，系统主继电器38相当于“系统主继电器”，车辆侧接入口54相当于“车辆侧连接部”，充电用继电器52相当于“充电用继电器”，电子控制单元70相当于“控制装置”。
此外，实施例的主要要素与在“用于解决课题的技术方案”一栏中记载的发明的主要要素的对应关系是具体地说明实施例用于实施在“用于解决课题的技术方案”一栏中记载的发明的一个例子，因此不限定在“用于解决课题的技术方案”一栏中记载的发明的要素。即，对在“用于解决课题的技术方案”一栏中记载的发明的解释应该基于该栏中的记载进行，而实施例不过是“用于解决课题的技术方案”一栏中记载的发明的具体的一例。
以上，使用实施例对用于实施本发明的方式进行了说明，但本发明不受这样的实施例的任何限定，在不脱离本发明的主旨的范围内，当然可以以多种方式进行实施。
产业上的可利用性
本发明能够利用于电动车辆的制造产业等。

Claims (2)

1.一种电动车辆，具备：
电动机，输出行驶用的动力；
驱动电路，对所述电动机进行驱动；
蓄电装置；
系统主继电器，安装于将所述蓄电装置与所述驱动电路连接的动力用电力线上；
电容器，安装于所述动力用电力线的所述系统主继电器和所述驱动电路之间；
车辆侧连接部，与车外的直流充电站的站侧连接部连接；
充电用继电器，安装于将所述动力用电力线的所述系统主继电器和所述驱动电路之间与所述车辆侧连接部连接的充电用电力线上；及
控制装置，对所述系统主继电器及所述充电用继电器进行控制，
所述电动车辆的特征在于，
在利用来自所述直流充电站的电力对所述蓄电装置进行充电的过程中所述车辆侧连接部与所述站侧连接部的连接解除时，所述控制装置使所述充电用继电器关断并使所述系统主继电器关断，在该状态下对所述充电用继电器的两极熔敷异常进行诊断，将所述电容器放电。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电动车辆，其中，
所述控制装置使用所述充电用电力线的所述充电用继电器和所述车辆侧连接部之间的电压对所述充电用继电器的两极熔敷异常进行诊断。
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