CN111133961A - Planting frame device and big-top bitter gourd planting method based on planting frame device - Google Patents
Planting frame device and big-top bitter gourd planting method based on planting frame device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111133961A CN111133961A CN202010034750.6A CN202010034750A CN111133961A CN 111133961 A CN111133961 A CN 111133961A CN 202010034750 A CN202010034750 A CN 202010034750A CN 111133961 A CN111133961 A CN 111133961A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/12—Supports for plants; Trellis for strawberries or the like
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a plant a device and plant a device based big top balsam pear planting method is applied to a plurality of big top balsam pear planting bed that are parallel to each other and the interval sets up, including rack and a plurality of first support and the second support of intercombination, first support top is dug and is equipped with logical groove, second support top stretches into logical groove setting and with first support fixed connection, the bottom of first support, second support symmetry respectively is inserted and is established in bed both sides in rectangular pieces, still be provided with a plurality of climing steps on first support, the second support, rack fixed connection is at first support, the second support top of a plurality of combinations. Compared with the prior art, this application adopts and plants a device, draws the climing to big top balsam pear melon climing, has greatly improved and has planted the frame to the climing ability of drawing of climing, guarantees the normal growth of climing, and need not to tie up the climing to melon seedling and handle, avoids melon seedling to cut up the climing, protects melon seedling normal growth.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of big-top bitter gourd planting, in particular to a planting frame device and a big-top bitter gourd planting method based on the planting frame device.
Background
Big top balsam pear, parthenocarpic flower, hermaphrodite, first female flower grows on the 8 th-14 th leaf node of the main vine, and then female flowers grow every 3-6 leaf nodes. The cucumber is short and conical, the length is about 20cm, and the shoulder width is about 11 cm; the outer skin is green, and has irregular nodular protrusions with thicker nodular grains; the thickness of the meat is about 1.3 cm, the meat has less bitter taste and excellent quality. The weight of each melon is 250-600 g. Heat resistance, fertilizer resistance, strong adaptability but no waterlogging tolerance; it can be planted in spring, summer and autumn. The yield per mu is 1000-1500 kg, and the highest yield is generally obtained in spring cultivation.
When the big top balsam pear grows in the early stage, the capacity of climbing tendril of the early-stage balsam pear is weak, so that the melon seedlings need to be strictly monitored and manually guided and tied in vine in due time, the workload of planting personnel is greatly increased, and the tendril is frequently tied, so that the tendril of the melon seedlings is easily broken.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the application provides a plant frame device, is applied to during big top balsam pear planting rectangular pieces of land in a field bed that a plurality of mutual parallels and interval set up, first support and second support including rack and a plurality of intercombination, first support top is dug and is equipped with logical groove, second support top stretches into lead to the groove setting and with first support fixed connection, the bottom of first support, second support symmetry respectively is inserted and is established in rectangular pieces of land in a field bed both sides, still be provided with a plurality of climing steps on first support, the second support, rack fixed connection is at first support, the second support top of a plurality of combinations.
Optionally, the bottoms of the first bracket and the second bracket are sleeved with nylon nets, and the nylon nets are arranged below the climbing steps.
Optionally, a plurality of the climbing steps are distributed on the first support or the second support at equal intervals, and the distance between the climbing steps is 10 cm.
Optionally, the canopy frame includes a frame structure and ribs vertically and horizontally connected in the frame structure, the frame structure and the ribs enclose a plurality of through holes, and the first support and the second support penetrate through the through holes and are fixedly connected with the canopy frame.
Optionally, a reinforcing rib is further disposed in the frame structure.
Optionally, the bottom ends of the first support and the second support are obliquely inserted into the soil of the ridge bed to a depth of 22cm-30cm, and an angle a between the bottom ends of the first support and the second support and the length direction of the ridge bed is 32-36 °.
In addition, the application also provides a big top balsam pear planting method based on the planting frame device, which comprises the planting frame device and further comprises the following steps:
s1, soil preparation: after the bed is turned and leveled, ditching and dividing the bed into a plurality of beds which are parallel to each other and arranged at intervals, and applying a base fertilizer;
s2, seedling culture: selecting seeds, soaking the seeds in warm water, washing off jelly on the surfaces of the seeds, wrapping the jelly with gauze for accelerating germination, and keeping the humidity of melon seedlings;
s3, sowing: uniformly sowing the melon seedlings exposed to the white spots into a ridge bed at regular intervals;
s4, bridging: inserting a second support on the first support, inserting the combined first support and second support on two sides of the bed, fixing the shed frame on the tops of the combined first support and second support, and sleeving nylon nets at the bottoms of the first support and the second support;
s5, vine guiding: leading the melon seedlings with the length larger than 20cm onto the nylon net, and continuously growing the melon seedlings along the vine climbing steps; leading melon seedlings with the length of more than 1.5m to a shed frame to be used as melon vines;
s6, pollination: selecting mature male flowers before 10 am in the flowering period of melon seedlings, removing crowns, transferring pollen to heads of female flowers, and carrying out artificial pollination;
s7, fertilizer and water management: after the melon seedlings blossom and grow melon, additionally applying 25kg-30kg of potash fertilizer per mu, and continuously applying 25kg-30kg of potash fertilizer per mu after picking up one batch of bitter gourds; keeping the relative humidity of the soil of the ridge bed at 80 percent;
s8, pest control: control of downy mildew and control of whitefly;
and S9, harvesting at proper time.
Optionally, in the step S1, the base fertilizer comprises 95% of miscellaneous earth fertilizer, 2.5% of peanut bran and 2.5% of calcium superphosphate.
Optionally, in step S2, the seeds are soaked in warm water of 55-60 ℃ for 4-6 hours, after soaking, the surface jelly is washed off, and the seeds are wrapped with gauze and put in an environment of 30-33 ℃ for germination.
Optionally, in the step S3, the sowing the white melon seedlings into the bed regularly and evenly at intervals includes: the row spacing of the melon seedlings is 1.5-1.6 m, the row spacing is 1.0-1.1 m, 1 row of the melon seedlings is planted in each ridge bed, and 400-450 plants per mu.
Compared with the prior art, the planting frame device and the big top bitter gourd planting method based on the planting frame device have the advantages that: this application adopts and plants a device, draw the climing to big top balsam pear climing, greatly improved and planted the frame to the climing ability of drawing of climing, guarantee the normal growth of climing, and need not to tie up the climing to melon seedling and handle, avoid melon seedling tendril-breaking, protection melon seedling normal growth, and simultaneously, only need draw the melon seedling to nylon wire and rack in, reduce and draw the climing step and to the control of climing, reduce the planting cost of big top balsam pear.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a planting frame device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first bracket and a second bracket according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a planting method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present application, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will make the advantages and features of the present application more readily appreciated by those skilled in the art, and thus will more clearly define the scope of the invention.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1-2, the present application provides a planting frame device, which is applied to a plurality of big-top balsam pear planting bed frames arranged in parallel and at intervals, and includes a canopy frame 1, and a plurality of first supports 2 and second supports 3 combined with each other, a through groove 22 is dug at the top of the first support 2, the top of the second support 3 extends into the through groove 22 and is arranged and fixedly connected with the first support 2, the bottom ends of the first support 2 and the second support 3 are symmetrically inserted at two sides of the bed frame respectively, a plurality of climbing steps 21 are further arranged on the first support 2 and the second support 3, and the canopy frame 1 is fixedly connected at the top of the first support 2 and the second support 3 combined with each other. In this embodiment, the canopy frame 1, the first support 2, and the second support 3 may be a wooden structure or a bamboo structure. Plant a device and through a plurality of first supports 2 of intercombination, second support 3 to and set up rack 1 on a plurality of planting supports, guide the tendril to big top balsam pear melon seedling. Compared with the prior art, this application adopts plants a device, draws the climing to big top balsam pear melon climing, has greatly improved and has planted the frame to the climing ability of drawing of climing, guarantees the normal growth of climing, and need not to tie up the climing to melon seedling and handle, avoids melon seedling to cut the climing, protects melon seedling normal growth, simultaneously, only need draw the melon seedling to nylon wire and rack 1 in, reduce and draw the climing step and to the control of climing, reduce the planting cost of big top balsam pear.
In some embodiments, the bottoms of the first bracket 2 and the second bracket 3 are sleeved with nylon nets 4, and the nylon nets 4 are arranged below the climbing steps 21. In this embodiment, the nylon net 4 is a chemical fiber woven net formed by mechanically processing chemical fibers such as nylon yarn, polyester yarn, and nylon yarn as raw materials through a wire net. The nylon net 4 is a general name of the chemical fiber woven nets, and the nylon net has the functions of high temperature resistance and alkali resistance, and the polyethylene has the function of acid resistance. The big top balsam pear grows to be larger than 20cm, leads the melon seedling to grow upwards along the first support 2 or the second support 3 on the nylon net 4, and the nylon net 4 is formed by winding the nylon rope at the bottom of the first support 2 and the second support 3.
In some embodiments, the climbing steps 21 are equally distributed on the first support 2 or the second support 3, and the spacing between the climbing steps 21 is 10 cm; in this embodiment, climb climing step 21 for protruding the arch of establishing on first support 2 or second support 3, greatly improved through climbing climing step 21 and planted the frame to the tendril-guiding ability of melon vine, guarantee melon vine normal growth, and need not to tie up the tendril to melon seedling and handle, avoid melon seedling tendril-breaking, protection melon seedling normal growth.
In some embodiments, the canopy frame 1 includes a frame structure 11 and ribs 12 connected in the frame structure 11 in a longitudinal and transverse manner, the frame structure 11 and the ribs 12 enclose a plurality of through holes, the first support 2 and the second support 3 pass through the through holes to be fixedly connected with the canopy frame 1, and reinforcing ribs are further disposed in the frame structure 11. In this embodiment, the fruiting vines of the bitter gourds are extended to grow on the trellis 1, blossom and bear fruits, and the fruiting bitter gourds are hung on the planting device through the through holes.
In some embodiments, the bottom ends of the first support 2 and the second support 3 are obliquely inserted into soil of the ridge bed to a depth of 22cm-30cm and at an angle alpha of 32-36 degrees with respect to the length direction of the ridge bed. In this embodiment, the bottom ends of the first support 2 and the second support 3 are obliquely inserted into soil of a ridge bed to a depth of 25cm, and an angle alpha between the bottom ends and the length direction of the ridge bed is 35 ° so as to ensure the growth of melon seedlings of the bitter gourds with large tops.
In an embodiment as shown in fig. 3, the present application further provides a method for planting a bitter gourd on a big roof based on a planting rack device, including the above planting rack device, further including the following steps:
s1, soil preparation: after the bed is turned and leveled, ditching and dividing the bed into a plurality of beds which are parallel to each other and arranged at intervals, and applying a base fertilizer; wherein the base fertilizer comprises 95 percent of miscellaneous fertilizers, 2.5 percent of peanut bran and 2.5 percent of calcium superphosphate. In step S1, when making a bed, rotating soil with a deep surface layer, fertile soil, loose structure, rich organic matter and convenient irrigation and drainage; selecting soil, deeply turning, fully drying in the sun, smashing, leveling, planting in a single row for covering the ditch for 1.2m, planting in a double row for covering the ditch for 2m, raising a ridge, keeping the ditch depth to be more than 25cm, and forming a turtle back shape.
S2, seedling culture: selecting seeds, soaking the seeds in warm water, washing off jelly on the surfaces of the seeds, wrapping the jelly with gauze for accelerating germination, and keeping the humidity of melon seedlings; in step S2, the seeds are soaked in warm water of 55-60 ℃ for 4-6 hours, the surface jelly is washed off after the soaking, the seeds are wrapped by gauze and put in an environment of 30-33 ℃ for accelerating germination. Regular inspection is carried out in the germination accelerating process, stable temperature and humidity are kept, water can be sprayed for humidification if the germination accelerating process is overdried, and the germination is continued after timely cleaning if peculiar smell is found.
S3, sowing: uniformly sowing the melon seedlings exposed to the white spots into a ridge bed at regular intervals; wherein the row spacing of the melon seedlings is 1.5-1.6 m, the row spacing is 1.0-1.1 m, and each ridge bed is planted with 1 row of 400-450 plants/mu. In step S3, the distance between the first and second brackets 2 and 3 is 1.6 m. The plant spacing and the row spacing of the big-top bitter gourd are 1.5-1.6 m and 1.0-1.1 m respectively, and the distance is adopted between the two adjacent first supports 2 and the second supports 3, so that the big-top bitter gourd main stem vines can climb.
S4, bridging: inserting a second support 3 on the first support 2, inserting the combined first support 2 and second support 3 on two sides of the bed, fixing the shed frame 1 on the tops of the combined first support 2 and second support 3, and sleeving nylon nets 4 at the bottoms of the first support 2 and second support 3; in step S4, plant the frame device and set up in the rectangular pieces of land in a field bed, make big top balsam pear melon seedling follow and plant the frame device and grow, this application adopts and plants the frame device, draws the climing to big top balsam pear melon climing, has greatly improved and has planted the frame and to the climing ability of drawing of climing, guarantees the normal growth of climing, and need not to tie up the climing to melon seedling and handle, avoids the climing of melon seedling, protects normal growth of climing.
S5, vine guiding: leading the melon seedlings with the length of more than 20cm onto the nylon net 4, and continuously growing the melon seedlings along the vine climbing steps 21; leading melon seedlings with the length of more than 1.5m to the shed frame 1 as melon vines; in step S5, the embodiment only needs to manually guide the vines twice, and the melon seedlings with the length greater than 20cm are guided onto the nylon net 4 for the first time, so as to ensure that the melon seedlings can grow normally along the first support 2 or the second support 3; and secondly, introducing the melon seedlings with the length larger than 1.5m onto the shed frame 1, and reserving 4-6 strong vines as the melon vines in the early growth stage, so that the melon seedlings can grow in a branch manner on the shed frame 1 after 1.5m, and the yield of the bitter gourds with large tops is improved.
S6, pollination: selecting mature male flowers before 10 am in the flowering period of melon seedlings, removing crowns, transferring pollen to heads of female flowers, and carrying out artificial pollination; in this example, the time for artificial pollination is between 7 and 10.
S7, fertilizer and water management: after the melon seedlings blossom and grow melon, additionally applying 25kg-30kg of potash fertilizer per mu, and continuously applying 25kg-30kg of potash fertilizer per mu after picking up one batch of bitter gourds; keeping the relative humidity of the soil of the ridge bed at 80 percent; in this embodiment, after the melon seedlings blossom and bear melon, 25kg of potash fertilizer per mu is applied, and then 25kg of potash fertilizer per mu is applied continuously after picking up one batch of bitter gourds, so as to ensure that the bitter gourds can bear normal fruits.
S8, pest control: control of downy mildew and control of whitefly; in step S8, the control of downy mildew is specifically: adopting 70 percent of 600-fold-800-fold liquid of the chalcanthite wettable powder in percentage by mass, spraying leaf surfaces, and spraying 60L-80L per mu; the method for preventing and controlling the trialeurodes vaporariorum specifically comprises the following steps: the abamectin emulsifiable solution 1000 times and 1500 times are sprayed on the leaf back, and 60L-80L is sprayed per mu. In this embodiment, the control of downy mildew is specifically: 700 times of the solution of 70 percent of the arsenopyrite wettable powder in percentage by mass is sprayed on leaf surfaces, and 70L of the solution is sprayed per mu. The method for preventing and controlling the trialeurodes vaporariorum specifically comprises the following steps: the abamectin emulsifiable 1250 times liquid is sprayed on the leaf back, and 70L of abamectin emulsifiable solution is sprayed per mu. To prevent and treat diseases and insect pests.
And S9, harvesting at proper time.
In this application, this application adopts and plants a device, draw the tendril to big top balsam pear melon vine, greatly improved and planted the frame to the tendril ability of drawing of tendril, guarantee the tendril normal growth, and need not tie up the tendril to the melon seedling and handle, avoid the melon seedling to cut the tendril, protect the melon seedling normal growth, simultaneously, only need draw the melon seedling to nylon wire 4 and rack 1 in, reduce and draw the tendril step and to the control of tendril, reduce the planting cost of big top balsam pear.
The embodiments of the present application have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present application within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a plant a device, is applied to in a plurality of big top balsam pear planting bed in rectangular pieces of land in a field that are parallel to each other and interval set up, its characterized in that: the greenhouse comprises a greenhouse frame, a plurality of first supports and a plurality of second supports which are combined with each other, wherein through grooves are dug in the tops of the first supports, the tops of the second supports stretch into the through grooves and are fixedly connected with the first supports, the bottom ends of the first supports and the bottom ends of the second supports are symmetrically inserted in two sides of a rectangular frame bed respectively, a plurality of climbing vine steps are further arranged on the first supports and the second supports, and the greenhouse frame is fixedly connected to the tops of the first supports and the second supports which are combined with each other.
2. The planting rack device as claimed in claim 1, wherein nylon net is sleeved on the bottom of the first and second brackets, and the nylon net is arranged below the climbing steps.
3. A planter frame means according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of said climbing steps are equally spaced on said first support or said second support, said climbing steps being spaced apart by 10 cm.
4. The planting frame device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the canopy frame comprises a frame structure and ribs connected vertically and horizontally in the frame structure, the frame structure and the ribs define a plurality of through holes, and the first support and the second support pass through the through holes and are fixedly connected with the canopy frame.
5. A planter frame assembly according to claim 3, wherein the frame structure further comprises reinforcing ribs.
6. The planting frame device of claim 1, wherein the bottom ends of the first and second supports are obliquely inserted into the soil of the furrow bed to a depth of 22cm-30cm and an angle a with respect to the length direction of the furrow bed is 32 ° -36 °.
7. A method for planting bitter gourds on a big top based on a planting frame device, which is characterized by comprising the planting frame device as claimed in claims 1-5, and further comprising the following steps:
s1, soil preparation: after the bed is turned and leveled, ditching and dividing the bed into a plurality of beds which are parallel to each other and arranged at intervals, and applying a base fertilizer;
s2, seedling culture: selecting seeds, soaking the seeds in warm water, washing off jelly on the surfaces of the seeds, wrapping the jelly with gauze for accelerating germination, and keeping the humidity of melon seedlings;
s3, sowing: uniformly sowing the melon seedlings exposed to the white spots into a ridge bed at regular intervals;
s4, bridging: inserting a second support on the first support, inserting the combined first support and second support on two sides of the bed, fixing the shed frame on the tops of the combined first support and second support, and sleeving nylon nets at the bottoms of the first support and the second support;
s5, vine guiding: leading the melon seedlings with the length larger than 20cm onto the nylon net, and continuously growing the melon seedlings along the vine climbing steps; leading melon seedlings with the length of more than 1.5m to a shed frame to be used as melon vines;
s6, pollination: selecting mature male flowers before 10 am in the flowering period of melon seedlings, removing crowns, transferring pollen to heads of female flowers, and carrying out artificial pollination;
s7, fertilizer and water management: after the melon seedlings blossom and grow melon, additionally applying 25kg-30kg of potash fertilizer per mu, and continuously applying 25kg-30kg of potash fertilizer per mu after picking up one batch of bitter gourds; keeping the relative humidity of the soil of the ridge bed at 80 percent;
s8, pest control: control of downy mildew and control of whitefly;
and S9, harvesting at proper time.
8. The method for planting Momordica grosvenori Swingle on a planting frame device according to claim 7, wherein in the step S1, the base fertilizer comprises 95% of miscellaneous fertilizers, 2.5% of peanut bran and 2.5% of calcium superphosphate.
9. The planting method of Momordica grosvenori Swingle based on the planting rack device of claim 7, wherein in step S2, the seeds are soaked in warm water of 55-60 deg.C for 4-6 hr, after soaking, the surface jelly is washed off, wrapped with gauze and placed in 30-33 deg.C environment for germination.
10. The method for planting the bitter gourds on the basis of the planting frame device according to claim 7, wherein in the step S3, the step of regularly and uniformly planting the dewy melon seedlings into the ridge-bed at intervals comprises the following steps: the row spacing of the melon seedlings is 1.5-1.6 m, the row spacing is 1.0-1.1 m, 1 row of the melon seedlings is planted in each ridge bed, and 400-450 plants per mu.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010034750.6A CN111133961A (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Planting frame device and big-top bitter gourd planting method based on planting frame device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010034750.6A CN111133961A (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Planting frame device and big-top bitter gourd planting method based on planting frame device |
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| CN111133961A true CN111133961A (en) | 2020-05-12 |
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| CN202010034750.6A Pending CN111133961A (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Planting frame device and big-top bitter gourd planting method based on planting frame device |
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Application publication date: 20200512 |