CN1110674A - "Compound all-value fertilizer" series products and complete production technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The compound all-value fertilizer contains inorganic and organic matters, microbe and others with special biological values, including trace elements, humic acid kind of substances, rare earth elements, enzymes, active carrier, phytohormone and antibacterial matter, and features complete nutrients, high content, fertility and utilization vate, durable action and no environmental pollution, so serving for production of "green food". It can also increase soil fertility.

Description

"Compound all-value fertilizer" series products and complete production technology

The present invention relates to a kind of " at home and abroad on the basis of newest research results; the waste that makes full use of industrial and agricultural production is a main raw material; the utilization system engineering theory; multidisciplinary new and high technology is carried out complex arts such as system's ' assembling ', ' packing ' and handle, finally researching and developing " compound full price fertilizer " series product and complete producing technology that alternative existing various fertilizer successfully use ".

Contemporary mankind's food energy 90% from the acquisition of ploughing.To the end of this century, world population will reach 6,000,000,000, and for satisfying the needs of population to food, grain yield need increase twice.But, because the limitation of cultivated land resource, thereby on certain meaning, increases in grain production can only be leaned on fertilizer.The importance of fertilizer in agriculture production is conspicuous, and fertilizer is the source of crop alimentary element, is the basic substance of crop yield and quality, is the primary condition of improving the soil.Crop absorbs necessary nutritive element in soil in growth and development process, these elements are pulled away with crop yield; When lacking fertilizer to the compensation of these nutritive elements, the soil of being cultivated just can be barren and depleted, productivity reduces; Therefore, the number that the available state nutritive element exists in fertilizer and the soil is the base substance basis of high grade and yield of crops.In addition, fertilizer can be to soil generation comprehensive action, and it is not only the necessary nutritive element of crop that adds in the soil, but also the physics that can improve the soil and chemical property, improve biological activity of soil, impel the balance and the enrichment of nutritive element, increase soil fertility.

In the very long development course of agriculture production, produce and used various fertilizer in succession.At first use be with people's animal dung as farm manure, the compost of main body, make compost, organic fertilizer such as barnyard manure, farmyard manure.This class fertilizer is the main source of soil with organic matter, has the effect of culture fertility.But this class fertilizer nutrient is incomplete, fertility is low, causes the procreation of environmental pollution and germ easily, thereby can not provide the sufficient nutrient element to the good quality and high output of crop.Then be the appearance of chemical fertilizer, this is undoubtedly the product of civilized society scientific-technical progress, and being extensive use of of chemical fertilizer brought into play vital role to improving crop yield with the satisfied human needs that crop is progressively increased; But, chemical fertilizer provides simple substance (or binary, ternary) nutritive element, nutrient is extremely uneven, adding the excessive of chemical fertilizer uses, the forfeiture, clay fertilizer unbalance of structure, fertility decline, the soil compaction and barren that cause nutritive element in the soil have quickened the erosion process of soil, serious, the productivity of desertifying reduces, and the crop component becomes bad, quality deterioration, jeopardizes human and livestock health simultaneously, and cause environmental pollution, environment-biosphere that biology is depended on for existence threatens.Once more, be to carry out the various composite fertilizers that occur behind the simple compound with resources such as existing fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, does not all have the variation of essence, Quan still exist nutrient not, fertility is low, can not be with the crop different needs deficiency such as any preparation, can not get widespread use.In sum, chemical fertilizer (and being low-quality fertilizer) has accounted for major part in China's applying fertilizer at present, other fertilizer quantity, quality are all undesirable, so that form the huge gap of demand and supply, the quantity breach is very big, fertilizer inferior floods market, and has increased agriculture input cost, and this is very alarming thing.

Now, countries in the world are developed country particularly, all seeks one after another and develops new fertilizer variety, has risen one " Green Revolution ", and this has been an extremely urgent world-class problem.

The objective of the invention is is providing a kind of " nutrient is complete and ratio is moderate, fertility is strong, fertilizer efficiency is high and discharge evenly, long fertilizers period, can satisfy the needs of crop healthy growth whole process to nutritive element; it not only can significantly improve crop yield and improve quality; but also will increase soil fertility; improve the soil and preserve the ecological environment; be the new-type fertilizer of nuisanceless, no germ production ' green food ' ", and this new-type fertilizer is called " compound full price fertilizer ".

For achieving the above object, the present invention is on the basis of newest research results at home and abroad, utilization " system engineering theory " and " law of minimum nourishment ", " factor comprehensive action rule ", " compound superimposed effect " scheduling theory, multidisciplinary new and high technology is carried out system's " assembling ", the comprehensive treating process of " packing ", make full use of various feces of livestock and poultry, regulate nitrogen, phosphorus, the component of potassium and other elements, add various enzymatic materials, active substance, trace element, microorganism, rare earth, soil ulmin and other have the material of special biological value, collect organic, inorganic (chemical fertilizer), soil ulmin, little fertilizer, the advantage of various fertilizer such as microbial-bacterial fertilizer, needs according to plant growth, the needs of the rich scarce situation of soil nutrient elements and improvement and improvement environment are researched and developed this novel " compound full price fertilizer " series product and complete producing technology successfully.

For solving above-mentioned task, the solution (general plotting) that the present invention adopts is: at first " crop; soil; nutrition (fertilizer); environment " is considered as a system and studies, this is actually it is included in the habitable environment is that the category in the huge ecosystem-biosphere of One Earth One Family of basic point is examined closely, in this ecosystem, crop yield improves, quality improving, soil improvement, environmental improvement is a very complicated problems, be the result of the inside and outside variant factors effect of system, the present invention stands in the whole height of this ecosystem all the time, coordinate the relation between each factor, with minimum input, it is the highest to reach above-mentioned integration objective and whole economic efficiency; That is to say, in " crop; soil; nutrition (fertilizer); environment " this ecosystem, under certain conditions, the key factor (limiting factor) that influences crop yield and quality improving is a fertilizer, and utilizing unique meaning of " the compound full price fertilizer " of multidisciplinary new and high technology system " assembling " invention just to be: it can need according to the integral body of " crop; soil; nutrition (fertilizer); environment " ecosystem, carry out " compound full price " preparation, this thinking, method and the series product that thereupon form, complete producing technology, still belong to initiative at home, also not seeing in the world has report, and very high technology content and creativeness are arranged, advanced; Secondly, compound full price fertilizer is a completely new concept, it is an agroecosystem systems engineering, it not only can require the full price preparation to the difference of nutritive element according to various crops, and can prepare according to user's requirement, and use the modern production means, accurately prepare and produce various series product; So-called " compound " is a generalized concept, be the compound of a big system of ecology, this ecological big system comes down to a multiple goal (volume increase, high-quality, loam, improvement environment etc.), multifactor (sunlight, air, water, nutrient, seed, farming technique etc.), multivariate (almost all factors all are variablees), a multi-level kinetic control system engineering, so integral body of finding the solution the system that to stand in of this system, " assembling " each factor, adopt the way of " compound ", it is orderly, controlled, effective to make it final realization.Big system is like this, sub-system also is the same, such as the fertilizer sub-system, relations such as crop, soil, environment will be studied and know in fertilizer and system, be exactly at fertilizer itself, also will be under crop alimentary needs, the rich scarce situation of soil, outside factors, fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, microorganism and other had the material of special biological value, organically combine as humic acid material, active substance, enzymatic material, rare earth class material, plant growth hormones, disease-resistant fungus matter etc., compound is an integral body, maximizes favourable factors and minimizes unfavourable ones to form a kind of new-type fertilizer.In this fertilizer, the required 16 kinds of nutritive elements of plant growth are complete, some other have a special biological value material can not lack; The statement of so-called " full price " is, for reach the purpose of increasing production and improving quality with minimum cost (input), therefore need how many nutrients with regard to how many nutrients of dispensing, many cause the wasting of resources, lacked and influenced yield and quality, we know different environment, different soil, different crops, same crop is at different growth and development stages, to the kind of nutritive element and the demand of quantity is different, ratio between various nutrients is also inequality, only complete at required nutrient, quantitative proportion is suitable, available nutrients discharges and meets the requirements, when promptly so-called " full price ", crop growth the best, the required fertilizer consumes least of every production unit crop this moment, cost is minimum, economic benefit is the highest, the connotation and extension place that Here it is so-called " compound full price fertilizer ".The 3rd, the present invention is researching and solving " compound (nutrient is complete) ", in the time of " full price (quantity is enough and proportioning is suitable) ", also having researched and solved nutritive element is absorbed by crop, it is utilization rate of fertilizer (or claiming the fertilizer utilization coefficient), the available nutrients problem, the solution of this problem, its meaning is self-evident, because present fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, microorganism fertilizer, the utilization rate of fertilizer of trace element fertilizer etc. is all very low, according to data, nutrition in chicken manure and even the feces of livestock and poultry mainly exists with organic, this class organic can significantly improve the absorption rate of fertilizer after inorganicization processing; The utilization ratio of same nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer is also very low, the about 30-50% of utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, and what have has only 10%, and phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency has only 10-25%, and what have also is lower than 10%, and the loss of effective components in the visible fertilizer is very big; The present invention is aspect the inorganicization processing of feces of livestock and poultry, from aspects such as microorganism, biochemistry, physics, chemistry, outside plant materials, implement " degraded ", " conversion ", make the nutritive substance (as protein etc.) that exists with organic, degraded, change into the material that crop can absorb (as ammonium salt etc.), thereby improved the utilization ratio of fertilizer significantly; Equally, under the not high situation that maybe can't add (as trace element) of utilization coefficients such as chemical fertilizer, trace element, the present invention study success a kind of active carrier-B be additive, by the extremely strong active carrier of this adsorptive power, make nutritive substance be adsorbed on it firmly, thereby avoided losing and being fixed, make it to enter soil and be made for the thing absorption with the available state form, significantly improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce fertilizer loss, in fact just equal to have increased the output of fertile amount, reduced agriculture input, increased benefit; In addition, adopt organic and inorganic, microorganism compound after, also can improve utilization rate of fertilizer.Organic acid in the fertilizer, form well complex compound of stability as calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminium in oxalic acid, lactic acid, tartrate etc. and the soil, can reduce the fixing and iron of phosphorus element in the fertilizer, the murder by poisoning of the excessive formation of aluminium, thereby improve the fertilizer efficiency (absorption rate) of phosphate fertilizer; Organic acid and its esters have shock absorption to soil acidity or alkalinity, improve buffering power of soil, have slowed down the erosion process of soil; Nitrogenous fertilizer can be regulated the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the fertilizer, can better satisfy the nutritional need of microbial activities procreation, quicken microbial activities, improve activity, both promoted organic decomposition own, also help the release of mineral such as phosphorus, potassium nutrient in the soil, thereby the process of " biological partial circulating " in the acceleration soil has improved the comprehensive effectiveness of fertilizer, can bring into play the comprehensive production-increasing function of various fertilizer; The nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer compounding application promotes mutually, strengthens crop to nitrogen, phosphorus nutrient absorbing, obtains positive interaction effect, obvious effect of increasing production, and improved utilization rate of fertilizer; The great amount of carbon dioxide that produces in the fertilizer decay process, organic acid and humic acid material, these products all help the dissolving of citrate acid soluble phosphatic fertilizer and reduce the phosphorus fixation effect, and improve the fertilizer efficiency of phosphate fertilizer; Phosphate fertilizer and fertilizer mixing stack retting, because phosphate fertilizer has promoted the breeding of various microorganisms, the ammonia that difficult corruption is discharged is absorbed by microorganism and with the accumulation of organonitrogen form, has improved the utilization ratio of nitrogen; Free acid in the acid phosphate fertilizer becomes ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate with gypsum with the ammonification symphysis, thereby has reduced the volatilization loss of ammonia; According to test, with ground phosphate rock pad livestock and poultry circle, the quantity of the vinelandii in its livestock and poultry fertilizer, cellulose-decomposing bacteria, Ammonifying bacteria, nitrobacteria all obviously increases, and the quantity of denitrifying bacterium reduces; Potassium plays a major role in the crop nitrogen metabolism, between nitrogen, the potassium crop is shown obvious interaction, the potash fertilizer effect must be a prerequisite for nitrogen (or nitrogen phosphorus) abundance, and potassium helps to improve the benefit of nitrogenous fertilizer, in addition, the undesirable action to quality that single nitrogen fertilizer application causes can obtain overcoming in various degree by joining potassium application, to the more remarkable effect of cash crop; In addition, add nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent, can kill or suppress the activity of the nitrite bacteria in the soil, make nitrification and denitrification effect nitrite nitrogen and be difficult to carry out for want of, and prevent and reduced the loss of nitrate leaching and denitrification denitrogenation, and a lot of amounts of application of nitrogen fertilizer potentiating agent kind are big more, and the effect that suppresses nitrification is good more, but unsuitable excessive, can use with the fertilizer mixing granulation.

For reaching the foregoing invention purpose, multidisciplinary new and high technology " assembling " is got up, adopted a kind of " piping design " method.The fundamental point of piping design is that all targets in order to realize being scheduled to put technology " assembling " before this; It two is system " harmless " principles, and promptly selected technology is also harmless to system under worst case, otherwise this technology just can not be used; It three is under the condition of system's " satisfaction ", asks the advance and the economy of system, technology; At last, determine between each sub-system that in system the constraint that is situated between of initial condition and limit sets up " pipeline ", in pipeline all stream orderly, controlled, close the symbol standard.Like this, retrain, limit, coordinate, control, just can realize " assembling " with pipeline.For example, the present invention is when the design microorganism sub-system, and what at first run into is to make microorganism educational circles nerve-racking " compatibility is given birth to by multiple association " problem, and this problem is not difficult to solve in fact, sets up one " pipeline " exactly, and the technology of every " falling into " pipeline is all available.The concrete practice is at first to set up the initial sum final condition, be that all save money, simply set out, select aerobic bacteria, solid state fermentation, the fermentation of neutral shallow-layer, high temperature inoculation, the fermentation of normal temperature and pressure open type etc. earlier, next is to set up " pipeline " according to these conditions, after this rule has been arranged, just can carry out " assembling ", and the living compatibility of multiple association has just solved also.

" compound full price fertilizer " of the present invention series product, be to integrate organic and inorganic, microorganism and other has the advantage of the material (as trace element, humic acid material, rare earth class material, enzymatic material, active carrier, plant growth hormones, disease-resistant fungus matter etc.) of special biological value, adopt that the modern production means are refining to form.It is complete that this fertilizer has nutrient; content height, fertility are strong; fertilizer efficiency height, fertilizer utilization coefficient are big, long fertilizers period, can satisfy the characteristics of crop healthy growth and development whole process to the needs of nutritive element; still a kind of nuisanceless, no worm's ovum, fertilizer efficiency are stablized and new-type fertilizer lasting, that produce " green food "; it not only can significantly improve crop yield and improve crop quality, but also can increase soil fertility, preserve the ecological environment, strengthen soil organic matter content and enzymic activity, adjusting plant physiology function.The main component of compound full price fertilizer following (also can prepare) according to customer requirements:

Organic content 40-65%

Organic content 20-32% wherein

Nitrogen content 10-16%

Phosphorus oxide content 8-12%

Potassium oxide content 4-8%

Nitrogen phosphorus potassium total amount 22-36%

Other substances content 15-20%

Moisture 8-12%

It is 4 millimeters, the column shape (also can be powder) of long 6-10 millimeter that compound full price fertilizer outward appearance is made diameter, and water breakthrough is instant.

Fertilizer of the present invention is a feces of livestock and poultry, as chicken manure.Chicken manure is the waste of poultry husbandry, wherein residual a large amount of unemployed nutritive substances and the meta-bolites of chicken in digesting and assimilating process, very high utility value is arranged, the present invention at first carries out harmless treatment to feces of livestock and poultry (as chicken manure), comprise deodorizing, sterilization etc., make agricultural-food pollution-free, improve urban and rural environment and health state; Next is that feces of livestock and poultry is carried out inorganicization processing, make the organic nutritive ingredient in the ight soil degrade, be converted into inorganic states, absorb in order to crop, improve fertilizer efficiency, organic sowing amount satisfies the needs of crop growth except that considering, also to consider to improve soil organic matter content, improve the agron component, fertilizing soil, the needs of enhancing soil fertility, assurance has the organic matter of sufficient amount to return soil, and general consumption is a 40-65%(weight).Inorganic fertilizer mainly is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element chemical fertilizer, and its consumption should account for 22-36% or higher at the finished product; According to the requirement of crop and soil, by accounting for gross weight, generally add chemical nitrogen fertilizer and account for 20-30%, to add urea, ammonium sulfate; Add the phosphorus fertilizer and account for 15%, based on general calcium; The potassium fertilizer that adds accounts for 10%, based on vitriolate of tartar, Repone K.Also can add high-concentration fertilizer such as diammonium phosphate, ternary fertilizer etc. for improving nutrient content.

According to soil is inorganics, organism and the microorganism three big ecosystem theories of forming the close ties that interact, and the present invention takes care of and researched and solved the related problems of microorganism in the soil.A large amount of microorganisms is arranged in the soil, and great majority play significant role to growing of farm crop.At first select and cultivated a collection of flora (A is an additive) that organic matter is had extremely strong degradation capability for use, reach the purpose of degrade proteins by the effect of proteolytic enzyme, making complicated large protein molecular breakdown is small molecules, finally becomes the simple molecules that crop can absorb; Secondly, a very important measure is to be core with beneficial microorganism in the soil in the compound full price fertilizer, studied seed selection biological nitrogen fixation mushroom (C class additive), except (leaning on nutrient-ammonia-state nitrogen own by the nitrogenous fertilizer in the chemical fertilizer, nitric nitrogen) supplies with outside the required nitrogen of plant growth, also provide nitrogen by contained beneficial microorganism-vinelandii in the fertilizer, this vinelandii can directly absorb airborne nitrogen and make nutriment and (79% nitrogen is arranged in the air, have 3.5 ten thousand tons of nitrogen on the per hectare soil in vain), be about to molecular nitrogen and be reduced to ammonia earlier, change into amino acid and protein again, biological nitrogen fixation that Here it is, the bacterial classification of seed selection is a lot, can prepare as required, and strong stress resistance, has anti-drying, anti-ammonia, high temperature resistant, dry storage, long-term surviving, nitrogen fixing capacity is strong, the nitrogenase activity height.Once more, the research seed selection a kind of special bacterium-phosphorus bacteria (D is an additive) that has the mineralising organophosphorus and decompose inorganic phosphide, contain a large amount of phosphorus in the soil, but major part is insoluble organic phosphorus, and after in a single day phosphate fertilizer apply soil, be easy to be fixed, become the phosphoric acid salt compound of insoluble, and become invalid phosphorus by metal ion such as calcium, iron in the soil.The inorganic phosphorus that phosphorus bacteria can decompose invalid attitude is that available phosphorus, the invalid phosphorus that can transform organic are available phosphorus, and this has just increased the content that can give attitude phosphorus, has improved the plain nutrition of crop phosphorus, has improved output.The 4th, contain silicate mineralss such as the very abundant feldspar of potassium element, mica in the soil, all be very stable mineral, can not directly absorb for crop, a kind of special microorganism-potassium bacterium (E is an additive) can be decomposed these chemically mineral of stabilizer pole now, wherein the useful potassium of crop being discharged plain the decomposition, simultaneously can also be from air fixed nitrogen, from hard phosphatic rock, obtain the plain nutrition of phosphorus and strengthen crop disease-resistant diseases prevention ability.In addition, this bacterium can produce gemma, but can be high temperature resistant and dry, the good prolonged preservation of ammonia-resistance and survival, is that a kind of collected explanations or commentaries potassium, fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, defending and fighting against diseases are in the special efficacy bacterium of same thalline.The 5th, research seed selection one quasi-microorganism, they can produce yield stimulant and antibiotic, as stimulating crop growth (F is an additive) and antibiotic fertilizer (G is an additive), this quasi-microorganism kind is a lot, can be according to different areas, Different Crop and different disease and pests, the screening of suiting measures to local conditions is used.Agricultural microorganism can only replenish the effect of crop alimentary, must not replace a large amount of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer with it.The addition of various microorganisms is regarded the situation difference of thing, soil as and is added, and generally adds overall control 3-8%(weight).

The present invention has selected humic acid material for use, this class material unformed macromolecular compound that to be the degradation production of plant and animal residues under microbial process form through condensation again, the multiple function of its existing organic fertilizer, some characteristic that chemical fertilizer is arranged again, itself contains a large amount of functional groups, has improving the soil and stimulates the function of plant growth.It is sodium humate that compound full price fertilizer mainly designs what select for use, crop is played stimulating growth, show that mainly seed germination is fast, well developed root system, cereal crop tillers many, early flowering is solid, big panicle many grains per panicle, full seed, the sodium humate addition in fertilizer is generally in 2-3%(weight).The present invention has noted micro-interpolation problem in product, copper, iron, manganese, zinc, copper, chlorine, boron etc. also are the nutritive elements that plant growth needs, though their requirement is little, but various crop growths are played a part positive, tangible effect of increasing production is arranged and improve effect such as quality.Different Crop is different to the demand of trace element, therefore, must lack which kind of element according to crop, just use which kind of element, has lacked not all rightly, how also bad, determines according to feelings.The present invention has selected rare-earth substance for use in product, mainly be

, cerium, praseodymium, four kinds of agricultural rare-earth elements of neodymium and nitrate composite prod-rare earth nitrate, it can promote budding, emerges and grow, use the crop behind the rare earth, general well developed root system, can strengthen absorption, promote the intravital metabolism of plant, improve the accumulation and the photosynthesis of dry-matter nutrient, moisture, strengthened the resistance of crop, increased crop yield and improve quality.Though rare earth is not a fertilizer, can not replace fertilizer, can be used with fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, growth and development of plants there is promoter action, if use in right amount, can reach effect of increasing production.General consumption 0.5-1.0%(weight).Product of the present invention is also selected for use and has been added plant growth hormones class material, this class material is varied, physiological action differs, hestening rooting arranged, improve surviving rate, the growth volume increase, have to strengthen resistance and improve quality, precocity is arranged, accelerates the ripening, prevents fruit drop, have and promote that fruit is big, improve percentage of fertile fruit, increase output, prevent excessive growth, control plant growth or the like, match that consumption generally uses in accordance with regulations according to product needed.

A crucial technology of the present invention is to make various additives, after entering fertilizer, entering soil, is not fixed by other materials in the soil, and still keeps its available state, improves the absorption rate of fertilizer, just needs to solve " active carrier " problem.The present invention has researched and developed success " B is an additive "-active carrier that a kind of activity is strong, adsorptive power is splendid, it is to get with a kind of nonmetal mineral resource displacement activation, obtaining to various nutritive elements and other of this achievement in research has the material of special biological value, enter fertilizer, enter soil, keep its available state, it is extremely beneficial improving absorbing of fertilizer.The present invention also can prepare Insecticides (tech) ﹠ Herbicides (tech), microbiotic in product, and extraordinary material such as reodorant, amendment.

Accompanying drawing is the technological process of production figure of " compound full price fertilizer " of the present invention.

With reference to the technological process of production of accompanying drawing, can clearly be seen that the production process of compound full price fertilizer. At first, Organic Ingredients-aquatic foods chicken manure (moisture about 70%) that wets carries out harmless treatment, Namely in the strong drying system of designed, designed, dewater, deodorizing, sterilization treatment, the hot air temperature that come in by the air blast supercharging of hot-blast stove gas distributing chamber this moment is adjusted to 80-100 ℃, temperature of charge is less than 90 ℃ (temperature is adjustable), the purpose that makes chicken manure reach dehydration, deodorizing, sterilize and become thoroughly decomposed; Secondly, make chicken manure under microbial action, reach the purpose of degrade proteins; At last, the chicken manure that moisture drops to below 13% is namely delivered in the softening tank of pressure, under the hot gas effect of air blast supercharging, and (temperature 70-80 ℃, pressure 1.5-2.0kg/cm in the conversion tank of rotation², pressurize 30 minutes) chicken manure under the materialization effect (softening expanded) further degrade proteins and amino acid reach inorganicization processing intent; Handle and be cooled to " clean material " behind the normal temperature and enter that just clear drum sieve is removed big impurity and permanent-magnetic cylindrical is removed magnetisable material, be crushed to desired particle size through beater disintegrating machine then, and it is stand-by to send into respectively batch bin through bucket elevator, cage. Equally, after other raw materials (comprise inorganic etc.) then passed through the preliminary treatment such as pre-powder, premix, through elevator, cage was sent into respectively in the relevant batch bin stand-by, has 8 batch bins; Then by the prescription that designs in advance, carry out weighing by the electronic scale of electronic computer control prepares burden in batches, namely by the material difference weighing in 8 feed bins of the automatic control of electronic computer, cummulative metering, when total amount reaches predetermined weight (such as 500 kilograms), send into mixer with regard to automatic discharging, meanwhile, can be by manually in mixer, adding various micro constitutents, mixer carries out timing agitation automatically, mix rear electronic computer control automatic discharge and put into cage with surge bunker, carry to the granulation surge bunker through elevator, demagnetizer is removed the magnetisable material in the material before entering surge bunker, enters then the squash type ring die pelleter and granulates, the material diameter is 3-5mm, length is 6-10mm, grain compressive strength＞10 newton; Pellet after the granulation is cooled to normal temperature through upright radiator with the temperature of material, is promoted to then the classifying screen on top through bucket elevator, powder is returned the granulation surge bunker continue processing, and the finished product pellet is admitted to finished bin, and automatic measuring packing dispatches from the factory; Will chemically examine detection by enterprise regulation this moment to material, for failure's processing of will doing over again, some had the product of specific (special) requirements, can carry out the later stage intensive treatment. In whole processing processing procedure, strictly control the temperature of each operation material, generally should be controlled between 60-90 ℃ the high loss that can cause nutritional labeling; Control incorporation time, lacked mixed irregularly, grown and cause " automatic classification ", be generally 3.0-3.5 minute; Control workshop temperature, humidity, prevent the moisture absorption of inorganic fertilizer and affect flowability and the machinability of material; The humidity of the good granulation process of GPRS, water content is general Be not more than 17%.

The following examples are to further specify of the present invention, rather than limitation of the present invention.

Embodiment

Product of the present invention is suitable for various crops, and to the improvement of the yield and quality that improves melon and fruit, vegetables, medicinal material, flowers and various cash crop, effect is particularly remarkable.The field test results of agricultural technique spread station tissue shows in one's power through relevant academy of agricultural sciences: leaf vegetables characterizes that leaf is roomy, look dark green, not early ageing, amount of increase in production reach 10-30%; As the Chinese cabbage field test, compare per mu yield with chemical fertilizer such as nutrient such as grade and reach 13,687.8 kilograms, volume increase 13%; The spinach field test is compared per mu yield with chemical fertilizer such as nutrient such as grade and is reached 834.8 kilograms, and volume increase reaches 20.17-53.23%; The rape greenhouse test is compared per mu yield with monoammonium phosphate such as nutrient such as grade and is reached 2,445.7 kilograms, and fertilizer efficiency is approaching, but than conventional fertilizer application volume increase 30.95%; Chinese cabbage seed collecting field test is compared per mu yield with chemical fertilizer such as nutrient such as grade and is reached 86.15 kilograms, volume increase 13.41%; The tomato field test is compared with conventional fertilizer application, volume increase 43.79-44.61%, and sugar improves 1.2-2.08%.The melon and fruit class characterize the big look of leaf dense, yield positive results early; As the watermelon field test, to compare with conventional fertilizer application, the performance leafing is roomy, look dark green, seedling is strong, setting morning, volume increase 7.54-15.3%, mouthfeel is good, and core sugar and limit sugar improve 0.99-1.26% and 0.69-1.19% respectively than conventional fertilizer application, on average improve 1.18-1.21%.Wheat grain is full, setting percentage is high, output significantly improves; As the winter wheat greenhouse test, relatively increase production 26.92% with monoammonium phosphate; The rice field test is compared with conventional fertilizer application, and volume increase obviously reaches 25-30%.The flowers class characterizes that the big look of leaf is dark green, the florescence early, many, the thick flavor of pistil, florescence be long.Cash crop class such as beet field test, the different ingredients and the monoammonium phosphate of compound full price fertilizer are compared, and the big look of leaf is dark green, caking is big, and volume increase reaches 30-127%, sugar improves 0.52%, and economic benefit is very remarkable.In addition, owing to be compound full price fertilizer, do not have the deficiency of chemical fertilizer, thereby the quality of crop is significantly improved, improved the sugar content of crop.

The organic content height of compound full price fertilizer, its decomposition rule in soil is As time goes on to reduce gradually, practical measurement shows, after it is manured into soil, just there was 39.52% organic carbon to be decomposed in 15 days, had 57% to be decomposed by 60 days, until still slowly continued in 150 days to decompose, but still have 35.99% organic carbon to residue in the soil.As seen its nutrient element releasing rule needs fertile characteristic consistent with crop growth, and in a large amount of residual soil of organic carbon, this is extremely useful to keeping and improving soil organic matter content, improve the agron component.Outside compound full price fertilizer organic matter removal content is very abundant, also contain various middle trace elements, wherein, only the per kilogram chicken manure just provides calcium 4.82-6.06%, magnesium 0.48-1.16%, sulphur 0.46%, iron 4500-9400mg, manganese 191.8-443.6mg, zinc 60.2-463.6mg, boron 54.3mg, copper 14.12-25.7mg, molybdenum 0.17-1.44mg, also contains organic nutrient substances such as protein, polysaccharide and each seed amino acid.Like this, not only, reached balance fertilizing, for crop has been created good nutritional condition for the crop normal growth provides various middle trace elements; Simultaneously, compound full price fertilizer itself contains the large number of biological active substance, and some organic active substances have been inserted, like this, just promoted crop to take root, germinate, increase the resistance of crop to low temperature, arid, disease and pest, thereby promoted the normal growth of crop, shown high yield and high quality effect efficiently.

The above results shows, executing under the equal nutrient content situation of compound full price fertilizer, executing single fertilizer or the relative crop of a few fertilizer has production-increasing function, improving utilization rate of fertilizer, improve crop quality, increase soil fertility, the long-term application effect will be more obvious.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE full price fertilizer is characterized in that fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, microorganism and other materials with special biological value are organically combined, and full price is compound to be an integral body--compound full price fertilizer series product.

2, according to the compound full price fertilizer of claim 1, it is compound to it is characterized in that carrying out full price by required whole nutritive elements of crop growth and the rich scarce situation of soil, and can prepare arbitrarily as required.

3, according to the compound full price fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that fertilizer is made up of feces of livestock and poultry, but various muck arbitrary proportion mix, also can use single a kind of ight soil, as chicken manure, its consumption is generally 40-65%(weight).

4, according to the compound full price fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that inorganic fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus potassium three elements chemical fertilizer, its consumption should make the total amount of nitrogen in the compound full price fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium three elements reach 22-36% or higher.

5, according to the compound full price fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that microorganism is meant enzymatic material, biological nitrogen fixation bacterium, phosphorus bacteria, the potassium bacterium of degrade proteins, the bacterium and the antibiotic bacteria of stimulating growth, general total addition is a 3-8%(weight).

6,, it is characterized in that other materials with special biological value are meant trace element, humic acid material, rare earth class material, active carrier, disease-resistant bacterium and desinsection, weedicide etc. according to the compound full price fertilizer of claim 1.These substance classes are various, purposes each one, preparation factually according to demand, its consumption amounts to about 15%(weight).

7, has the material of special biological value according to other of claim 6, it is characterized in that active carrier is to produce with a kind of nitrogen compound, heating, replacement(metathesis)reaction by a kind of nonmetalliferous ore-montomorillonite being pulverized the back, has very strong adsorptive power and activity.The temperature of heating should be controlled at 60-70 ℃.

8, a kind of manufacture method of compound full price fertilizer, it is characterized in that this method has comprised carries out the industrialization processing treatment with various raw materials, auxiliary material and component, has finally formed the scale production ability in 5-20 ton/time, has formed automatic production line.

9, manufacture method according to claim 8, it is characterized in that innoxious (sterilization, deodorizing etc.), inorganicization (dehydration, fermentation, softening, expanded) comprehensive treating process has been carried out in organic excrement source (as chicken manure), all material temperature all is controlled at 60-80 ℃ in the treating processes, and the medium temperature of its treatment facility-strong drying system can be adjusted by plenum chamber.

10, manufacture method according to claim 8, it is characterized in that automatic production line and complete producing technology partly be made up of raw material processing, organism (chicken manure) processing, batching, mixing, granulation, metering packing, check chemical examination, microorganism training system, Additive Production and lifting, conveying etc., production line is realized online computer management control, and robot calculator is stored 40-100 formula for a product.

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