CN111055670B - 一种多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置及汽车 - Google Patents

一种多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置及汽车 Download PDF

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CN111055670B
CN111055670B CN201911326875.XA CN201911326875A CN111055670B CN 111055670 B CN111055670 B CN 111055670B CN 201911326875 A CN201911326875 A CN 201911326875A CN 111055670 B CN111055670 B CN 111055670B
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梁健
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Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Zhejiang Geely Automobile Research Institute Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Zhejiang Geely Automobile Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K2006/381Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches characterized by driveline brakes

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置及汽车,包括发动机、发动机输出轴、第一电机、第一齿轮组、第二齿轮组和多个换档执行元件,其中第一离合器的两端分别与发动机输出轴和第一行星架连接,第一行星架与第一行星轮连接,第一太阳轮与第一电机的转子相连接,第二离合器与第一齿轮组连接,第三离合器一端与第一齿圈连接,另一端与第二小太阳轮连接,第四离合器一端与第一齿圈连接,另一端与第二行星架连接,第一制动器用于制动或放开第二大太阳轮。采用本发明具有档位多、加速性好、更加节能的优点。

Description

一种多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置及汽车
技术领域
本发明属于汽车传动系统技术领域,具体涉及一种多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置及汽车。
背景技术
常见的混合动力汽车是采用传统的内燃机和电动机作为动力源的汽车。与传统汽车仅通过内燃机进行驱动的方式相比,混合动力汽车内燃机主要工作在最佳工况点附近,燃烧充分,排放气体较干净,起步无怠速。发动机和电机动力可以互补,低速时可用电机驱动行驶,因此混合动力汽车既有燃料发动机动力性能好、反应快和工作时间长的优点,又有电动机无污染和低噪声的好处,达到了发动机和电动机的最佳匹配。
对混合动力汽车来说混合动力驱动系统是其最关键的零部件之一。现有的混合动力驱动系统通过采用四档自动变速器或六档自动变速器来驱动车辆。一般由液力变矩器、行星齿轮机构、换档执行元件、换档控制系统、换档操纵机构等装置组成。这种车辆的驱动系统,虽然结构紧凑,但要保证车辆的起步加速性能和爬坡性能,就要将系统输出最大速比设置在较大值,而由于档位数较少,系统输出最大速比和最小速比的比值不能太大,从而导致发动机工作效率低,经济性差。因此有必要在现有技术的基础上在保证换档舒适性的条件下优化驱动装置的结构,提高车辆加速性和整车经济性。
发明内容
本发明所要解决现有技术中混合动力驱动装置档位数较少、换档操作复杂和加速性差的问题。
本发明提供一种多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置,包括发动机输出轴、第一电机、第一齿轮组、第二齿轮组和多个换档执行元件,所述第一齿轮组包括第一行星架和相互啮合的第一太阳轮、第一行星轮与第一齿圈,所述第二齿轮组包括第二小太阳轮、第二大太阳轮和第二行星架,所述换档执行元件包括第一离合器、第二离合器、第三离合器、第四离合器和第一制动器;
所述发动机输出轴通过所述第一离合器与所述第一行星架连接,所述第一太阳轮与所述第一电机的转子相连接,所述第二离合器与所述第一齿轮组连接,所述第三离合器的两端分别与所述第一齿圈和所述第二小太阳轮连接,所述第四离合器的两端分别与所述第一齿圈和所述第二行星架连接,所述第一制动器用于制动所述第二大太阳轮,不同所述换档执行元件配合实现不同驱动模式和多个档位的动力输出。
进一步地,所述换档执行元件还包括第二制动器和单向离合器,所述第二制动器和所述单向离合器的一端选择性地与所述第二行星架连接,所述第二制动器和所述单向离合器的另一端均固定在所述壳体上。
进一步地,所述第二齿轮组还包括第二行星小齿轮、第二行星长齿轮和第二齿圈;
所述第二行星小齿轮通过轴承支撑在所述第二行星架上,所述第二行星小齿轮与所述第二小太阳轮和所述第二行星长齿轮啮合;所述第二行星长齿轮通过轴承支撑在所述第二行星架上,所述第二行星长齿轮与所述第二齿圈和所述第二大太阳轮啮合;所述第二行星架一端与所述第二行星小齿轮和所述第二行星长齿轮连接,所述第二行星架的另一端选择性地与所述第四离合器、第二制动器或单向离合器连接;所述第二齿圈与输出齿轮组件连接。
进一步地,所述发动机输出轴与所述第一离合器之间还设置有减震弹簧组件,所述减震弹簧组件用于控制发动机振动减轻振动危害。
优选地,所述第二离合器一端与所述第一齿圈连接,所述第二离合器的另一端分别与所述第一太阳轮和所述第一电机的转子连接。
优选地,所述第二离合器一端与所述第一行星架连接,所述第二离合器的另一端分别与所述第一太阳轮和所述第一电机的转子连接。
优选地,所述第二离合器一端与所述第一齿圈连接,所述第二离合器的另一端与所述第一行星架连接。
优选地,所述混合动力驱动装置远离所述发动机的一端还设置有第二电机、第一传动齿轮和第二传动齿轮,所述第二电机的输出端与所述第一传动齿轮连接,所述第二传动齿轮与所述第一齿圈相连接,所述第一传动齿轮和第二传动齿轮之间通过链条、带或齿轮连接。
优选地,所述混合动力驱动装置上还设置有第三电机,所述第三电机的转子与所述发动机的曲轴相连接。
本发明还提供一种汽车,包括车身、底盘和所述的混合动力驱动装置,所述混合动力驱动装置设置在所述底盘上。
实施本发明实施例,具有如下有益效果:
(1)本发明不同换档执行元件配合可以实现电驱动模式、分流模式和并联驱动模式三种驱动模式,可以实现共12个档位的动力输出,解决低速起步的扭矩需求,和高速行驶的高转速需求。
(2)本发明不同模式配合不同档位驱动具有更好的加速性和节油性,提高了整车经济性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其它附图。
图1是本发明实施例1的多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置的结构简图;
图2是本发明实施例2的多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置的结构简图;
图3是本发明实施例3的多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置的结构简图;
图4是本发明实施例4的多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置的结构简图;
图5是本发明实施例5的多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置的结构简图;
其中,图中附图标记对应为:1-发动机,2-发动机输出轴,3-第一电机,4-第一齿轮组,5-第二齿轮组,6-换档执行元件,7-输出齿轮组件,8-壳体,9-减震弹簧组件,10-第二电机,11-第三电机,41-第一太阳轮,42-第一行星架,43-第一行星轮,44-第一齿圈,51-第二行星小太阳轮,52-第二行星大太阳轮,53-第二行星架,54-第二行星小齿轮,55-第二行星长齿轮,56-第二齿圈,61-第一离合器,62-第二离合器,63-第三离合器,64-第四离合器,65-第一制动器,66-第二制动器,67-单向离合器,101-第一传动齿轮,102-第二传动齿轮。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
如图1所示,本发明实施例1提供一种多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置,包括发动机1、发动机输出轴2、第一电机3、第一齿轮组4、第二齿轮组5和多个换档执行元件6。
具体地,所述第一电机3包括定子和转子,其中电机定子固定在所述驱动装置的壳体上。优选地,在本发明实施例中,所述发动机1、第一电机3、第一齿轮组4、第二齿轮组5和多个换档执行元件6可以设置在同一轴线上,使得混合动力驱动装置结构紧凑、体积小。
所述第一齿轮组4包括第一太阳轮41、第一行星架42、第一行星轮43和第一齿圈44。所述第二齿轮组5包括第二小太阳轮51、第二大太阳轮52和第二行星架53、第二行星小齿轮54、第二行星长齿轮55和第二齿圈56。所述换档执行元件6包括第一离合器61、第二离合器62、第三离合器63、第四离合器64、第一制动器65、第二制动器66和单向离合器67。
所述第一离合器61一端与所述发动机输出轴2连接,所述第一离合器61的另一端与所述第一行星架42连接。具体地,所述第一离合器61用于将所述发动机输出轴2与所述第一行星架42接合或分离。
具体地,所述发动机输出轴2与所述第一离合器61之间还设置有减震弹簧组件9,所述减震弹簧组件9用于控制发动机振动减轻振动危害。由于发动机在燃料燃烧时引起的冲击和往复运动的惯性力会产生复杂的振动情况,不仅会损坏汽车本身的零部件、恶化工作性能乃至缩短汽车的使用寿命,还会严重影响其他车载设备仪器的正常工作,降低舒适性,因此需要减轻发动机的振动危害。所述减震弹簧组件9用于将发动机动力传递给第一齿轮组4,减震弹簧组件9中设置有用于缓冲减震的弹簧,通过减震弹簧组件可以有效的将发动机振动控制在一定范围内。
所述第一行星架42与所述第一行星轮43连接,所述第一行星架42支撑所述第一行星轮43旋转,所述第一行星轮43与所述第一太阳轮41和所述第一齿圈44啮合,所述第一太阳轮41与所述第一电机3的转子相连接。
所述第二离合器62与所述第一齿轮组4连接,所述第二离合器62用于使所述的第一齿轮组4闭锁共同旋转或者分别旋转。具体地,在本发明实施例中所述第二离合器62一端与所述第一齿圈44连接,所述第二离合器62的另一端分别与所述第一太阳轮41和所述第一电机3的转子相连接。具体地,当所述第二离合器62接合,所述第二离合器62传递一部分扭矩,所述第二离合器62配合其他换挡执行元件可以实现纯电机驱动模式和电机和发动机并联驱动模式,当所述第二离合器62分离时,所述第一齿轮组4中的齿轮分别旋转传递扭矩,可以实现电机和发动机分流驱动模式。
所述第三离合器63一端与所述第一齿圈44连接,所述第三离合器63的另一端与所述第二小太阳轮51连接。具体地,所述第三离合器63用于选择性地将所述第一齿圈44与所述第二小太阳轮51连接或分离。
所述第四离合器64一端与所述第一齿圈44连接,所述第四离合器64的另一端与所述第二行星架53连接。具体地,所述第四离合器64用于选择性地将所述第一齿圈44与所述第二行星架53连接或分离。
所述第一制动器65一端与所述第二大太阳轮52连接,所述第一制动器65的另一端固定在壳体8上。具体地,所述第一制动器65用于选择性地制动或放开所述第二大太阳轮52。
具体地,所述第二制动器66和所述单向离合器67的一端选择性地与所述第二行星架53连接,所述第二制动器66和所述单向离合器67的另一端均固定在所述壳体8上。在实际应用中,所述第二制动器66和所述单向离合器67用于阻止所述第二行星架53逆时针转动。
所述第二行星小齿轮54通过轴承支撑在所述第二行星架53上,所述第二行星小齿轮54与所述第二小太阳轮51和所述第二行星长齿轮55啮合;所述第二行星长齿轮55通过轴承支撑在所述第二行星架53上,所述第二行星长齿轮55与所述第二齿圈56和所述第二大太阳轮52啮合;所述第二行星架53一端与所述第二行星小齿轮54和所述第二行星长齿轮55连接,所述第二行星架53的另一端选择性地与所述第四离合器64、第二制动器66或单向离合器67连接。
所述第二齿圈56与输出齿轮组件7连接。具体地,所述输出齿轮组件7与差速器齿轮连接最终将动力输出驱动车辆行驶。
不同所述换档执行元件6配合实现不同驱动模式和多档位的动力输出。在本发明混合动力驱动装置可以实现电机驱动模式、电机和发动机分流驱动模式、电机和发动机并联驱动模式三种行驶模式的12个档位行驶,以达到节油和加速性的目的。
在本发明实施例中,假设第一行星架42的转速为N2,第一太阳轮41的转速为N3,第一齿圈44的转速为N4,第二行星小太阳轮51的转速为N5,第二行星大太阳轮52的转速为N6,第二齿圈56的转速为N7,第二行星架53的转速为N8,第一齿圈44的齿数/第一太阳轮41的齿数=Ko,第二齿圈56的齿数/第二行星大太阳轮52的齿数=Kbd,第二齿圈56的齿数/第二行星小太阳轮51的齿数=Kbx。
本发明混合动力驱动装置的三个工作模式,12个档位的数学模型如下:
(1)电机驱动前进和倒退1档
第二离合器62接合、第三离合器63接合,第二制动器66或者单向离合器67接合。该模式各个部件转速数学模型如下:
N3+Ko*N4-(1+Ko)*N2=0;
N6+Kbd*N7-(1+Kbd)*N8=0;
N5-Kbx*N7+(Kbx-1)*N8=0;
N5=N4;N8=0;
N2=N3=N4=电机转速;
(2)电机驱动前进和倒退2档模式
第二离合器62接合、第三离合器63接合,第一制动器65接合。该模式各个部件转速数学模型如下:
N3+Ko*N4-(1+Ko)*N2=0;
N6+Kbd*N7-(1+Kbd)*N8=0;
N5-Kbx*N7+(Kbx-1)*N8=0;
N5=N4;N6=0;
N2=N3=N4=电机转速;
(3)电机驱动前进和倒退3档模式
第二离合器62接合、第三离合器63接合,第四离合器64接合。该模式各个部件转速数学模型如下:
N3+Ko*N4-(1+Ko)*N2=0;
N6+Kbd*N7-(1+Kbd)*N8=0;
N5-Kbx*N7+(Kbx-1)*N8=0;
N5=N4;N8=N4;
N2=N3=N4=电机转速;
(4)电机驱动前进和倒退4档模式
第二离合器62接合、第四离合器64接合,第一制动器65接合。该模式各个部件转速数学模型如下:
N3+Ko*N4-(1+Ko)*N2=0;
N6+Kbd*N7-(1+Kbd)*N8=0;
N5-Kbx*N7+(Kbx-1)*N8=0;
N6=0;N8=N4;
N2=N3=N4=电机转速;
(5)电机和发动机分流驱动1档模式
第一离合器61接合,第三离合器63接合,第二制动器66或者单向离合器67接合。该模式各个部件转速数学模型如下:
N3+Ko*N4-(1+Ko)*N2=0;
N6+Kbd*N7-(1+Kbd)*N8=0;
N5-Kbx*N7+(Kbx-1)*N8=0;
N8=0;N4-N5=0;
N3=电机转速;N2=发动机转速。
(6)电机和发动机分流驱动2档模式
第一离合器61接合,第三离合器63接合,第一制动器65接合。该模式各个部件转速数学模型如下:
N3+Ko*N4-(1+Ko)*N2=0;
N6+Kbd*N7-(1+Kbd)*N8=0;
N5-Kbx*N7+(Kbx-1)*N8=0;
N6=0;N4-N5=0;
N3=电机转速;N2=发动机转速。
(7)电机和发动机分流驱动3档模式
第一离合器61接合,第三离合器63接合,第四离合器64接合。该模式各个部件转速数学模型如下:
N3+Ko*N4-(1+Ko)*N2=0;
N6+Kbd*N7-(1+Kbd)*N8=0;
N5-Kbx*N7+(Kbx-1)*N8=0;
N4-N8=0;N4-N5=0;
N3=电机转速;N2=发动机转速。
(8)电机和发动机分流驱动4档模式
第一离合器61接合,第四离合器64接合,第一制动器65接合。该模式各个部件转速数学模型如下:
N3+Ko*N4-(1+Ko)*N2=0;
N6+Kbd*N7-(1+Kbd)*N8=0;
N5-Kbx*N7+(Kbx-1)*N8=0;
N6=0;N4-N8=0;
N3=电机转速;N2=发动机转速。
(9)电机和发动机共同驱动1档模式
第一离合器61接合,第二离合器62接合,第三离合器63接合,第二制动器66或者单向离合器67接合。该模式各个部件转速数学模型如下:
N3+Ko*N4-(1+Ko)*N2=0;
N6+Kbd*N7-(1+Kbd)*N8=0;
N5-Kbx*N7+(Kbx-1)*N8=0;
N3-N4=0;N4-N5=0;N8=0;
N2=N3=电机转速=发动机转速。
(10)电机和发动机共同驱动2档模式
第一离合器61接合,第二离合器62接合,第三离合器63接合,第一制动器65接合。该模式各个部件转速数学模型如下:
N3+Ko*N4-(1+Ko)*N2=0;
N6+Kbd*N7-(1+Kbd)*N8=0;
N5-Kbx*N7+(Kbx-1)*N8=0;
N3-N4=0;N4-N5=0;N6=0;
N2=N3=电机转速=发动机转速
(11)电机和发动机共同驱动3档模式
第一离合器61接合,第二离合器62接合,第三离合器63接合,第四离合器64接合。该模式各个部件转速数学模型如下:
N3+Ko*N4-(1+Ko)*N2=0;
N6+Kbd*N7-(1+Kbd)*N8=0;
N5-Kbx*N7+(Kbx-1)*N8=0;
N3-N4=0;N4-N5=0;N4-N8=0;
N2=N3=电机转速=发动机转速
(12)电机和发动机共同驱动4档模式
第一离合器61接合,第二离合器62接合,第四离合器64接合,第一制动器65接合。该模式各个部件转速数学模型如下:
N3+Ko*N4-(1+Ko)*N2=0;
N6+Kbd*N7-(1+Kbd)*N8=0;
N5-Kbx*N7+(Kbx-1)*N8=0;
N3-N4=0;N4-N8=0;N6=0;
N2=N3=电机转速=发动机转速。
在本发明实施例中,所述混合动力驱动装置在车辆行驶过程中根据不同驱动模式进行操作。不同驱动模式情况下不同换档执行元件的执行操作如下表1所示。
表1
Figure BDA0002328606610000101
如上表1所示,“○”表示表中对应的换档执行元接合,“(○)”表示第二制动器接合或单向离合器接合,“-”表示对应换档执行元件为分离状态。
实施例2
如图2所示,本发明实施例2是实施例1的优选实施例,实施例2与实施例1可以实现的驱动模式和档位相同,实施例2与实施例1的区别在于:所述第二离合器62一端与所述第一行星架42连接,所述第二离合器62的另一端分别与所述第一太阳轮41和所述第一电机3的转子相连接。所述第二离合器用于使所述第一齿轮组4闭锁共同旋转或者分别旋转。
实施例3
如图3所示,本发明实施例3是实施例1的优选实施例,实施例3与实施例1的区别在于:所述第二离合器62一端与所述第一齿圈44连接,所述第二离合器62的另一端与所述第一行星架42连接。
实施例4
如图4所示,本发明实施例4是实施例1的优选实施例,实施例4与实施例1的区别在于:所述第二离合器62一端与所述第一齿圈44连接,所述第二离合器62的另一端分别与所述第一太阳轮41和所述第一电机3的转子相连接。所述混合动力驱动装置远离所述发动机1的一端还设置有第二电机10、第一传动齿轮101和第二传动齿轮102,所述第二电机10的输出端与所述第一传动齿轮101连接,所述第二传动齿轮102与所述第一齿圈44相连接,所述第一传动齿轮101和第二传动齿轮(102)之间通过链条、带或齿轮连接。具体地,第二电机10与第一电机配合可以使发动机一直工作在最佳转速,可以提高车辆的动力性,尤其是车辆在高速状态下可以获得更加出色的加速性,从而更有效地利用发动机高效工况,达到更省油的目的。
实施例5
如图5所示,本发明实施例5是实施例1的优选实施例,实施例5与实施例1的区别在于:所述混合动力驱动装置上还设置有第三电机11,所述第三电机11的转子与所述发动机1的曲轴相连接。具体地,所述第三电机11可以与发动机联合输出电驱动力和油驱动力。
本发明还提供一种汽车,包括车身、底盘及如上述任一项所述的混合动力驱动装置,其特征在于,所述混合动力驱动装置设置在所述底盘上。
需要说明的是,换档执行元件的作用是约束行星齿轮组的某些构件,包括固定并使其转速为0,或连接某构件使其按某一规定转速旋转。通过适当选择行星齿轮组中被约束的基本元件和约束方式,就可以得到不同的传动比,形成不同的档位。在本发明实施例中,还可以实现不同的驱动模式,当控制第一离合器61分离时,通过其他换档执行元件的配合可以实现四个档位的纯电动行驶模式,当控制第一离合器61接合,与其他换档执行元件配合可以实现电机与发动机分流的驱动模式和并联驱动模式。
在一些实施例中,离合器为湿式多片离合器或干式多片离合器。制动器离合器的作用是固定行星齿轮组中的某个基本元件,工作时制动器离合器的一端与驱动装置壳体连接在一起,使其固定不能转动。
本发明结构紧凑、在现有技术的生产线上进行改进就可以生产,成本低。本发明不同换档执行元件配合可以实现电驱动模式、分流驱动模式和并联驱动模式三种驱动模式,可以实现共12档位的动力输出,不同模式配合不同档位驱动具有更好的加速性和节油性,提高了整车经济性。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置,其特征在于,包括发动机输出轴(2)、第一电机(3)、第一齿轮组(4)、第二齿轮组(5)和多个换档执行元件(6),所述第一齿轮组(4)包括第一行星架(42)和相互啮合的第一太阳轮(41)、第一行星轮(43)与第一齿圈(44),所述第二齿轮组(5)包括第二小太阳轮(51)、第二大太阳轮(52)和第二行星架(53),所述换档执行元件(6)包括第一离合器(61)、第二离合器(62)、第三离合器(63)、第四离合器(64)和第一制动器(65);
所述发动机输出轴(2)通过所述第一离合器(61)与所述第一行星架(42)连接,所述第一太阳轮(41)与所述第一电机(3)的转子相连接,所述第二离合器(62)与所述第一齿轮组(4)连接,所述第三离合器(63)的两端分别与所述第一齿圈(44)和所述第二小太阳轮(51)连接,所述第四离合器(64)的两端分别与所述第一齿圈(44)和所述第二行星架(53)连接,所述第一制动器(65)用于制动所述第二大太阳轮(52);
所述第二离合器(62)用于使所述第一齿轮组(4)闭锁共同旋转或者分别旋转,所述第二离合器(62)、第三离合器(63)与不同所述换档执行元件(6)配合实现电驱动模式、分流模式和并联驱动模式,实现十二个档位的动力输出;
当并联驱动模式时,所述第一离合器(61)和第二离合器(62)接合,并与其它所述换挡执行元件(6)配合实现不同档位的动力输出。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置,其特征在于,所述换档执行元件(6)还包括第二制动器(66)和单向离合器(67),所述第二制动器(66)和所述单向离合器(67)的一端选择性地与所述第二行星架(53)连接,所述第二制动器(66)和所述单向离合器(67)的另一端均固定在壳体(8)上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置,其特征在于,所述第二齿轮组(5)还包括第二行星小齿轮(54)、第二行星长齿轮(55)和第二齿圈(56);
所述第二行星小齿轮(54)通过轴承支撑在所述第二行星架(53)上,所述第二行星小齿轮(54)与所述第二小太阳轮(51)和所述第二行星长齿轮(55)啮合;所述第二行星长齿轮(55)通过轴承支撑在所述第二行星架(53)上,所述第二行星长齿轮(55)与所述第二齿圈(56)和所述第二大太阳轮(52)啮合;所述第二行星架(53)一端与所述第二行星小齿轮(54)和所述第二行星长齿轮(55)连接,所述第二行星架(53)的另一端选择性地与所述第四离合器(64)、第二制动器(66)或单向离合器(67)连接;所述第二齿圈(56)与输出齿轮组件(7)连接。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置,其特征在于,所述发动机输出轴(2)与所述第一离合器(61)之间还设置有减震弹簧组件(9),所述减震弹簧组件(9)用于控制发动机振动减轻振动危害。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置,其特征在于,所述第二离合器(62)一端与所述第一齿圈(44)连接,所述第二离合器(62)的另一端分别与所述第一太阳轮(41)和所述第一电机(3)的转子连接。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置,其特征在于,所述第二离合器(62)一端与所述第一行星架(42)连接,所述第二离合器(62)的另一端分别与所述第一太阳轮(41)和所述第一电机(3)的转子连接。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置,其特征在于,所述第二离合器(62)一端与所述第一齿圈(44)连接,所述第二离合器(62)的另一端与所述第一行星架(42)连接。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置,其特征在于,所述混合动力驱动装置远离所述发动机(1)的一端还设置有第二电机(10)、第一传动齿轮(101)和第二传动齿轮(102),所述第二电机(10)的输出端与所述第一传动齿轮(101)连接,所述第二传动齿轮(102)与所述第一齿圈(44)相连接,所述第一传动齿轮(101)和第二传动齿轮(102)之间通过链条、带或齿轮连接。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种多档位汽车混合动力驱动装置,其特征在于,所述混合动力驱动装置上还设置有第三电机(11),所述第三电机(11)的转子与所述发动机(1)的曲轴相连接。
10.一种汽车,包括车身、底盘及权利要求1-9任一项所述的混合动力驱动装置,其特征在于,所述混合动力驱动装置设置在所述底盘上。
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