CN111051356A - 光固化性组合物 - Google Patents
光固化性组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111051356A CN111051356A CN201880056678.8A CN201880056678A CN111051356A CN 111051356 A CN111051356 A CN 111051356A CN 201880056678 A CN201880056678 A CN 201880056678A CN 111051356 A CN111051356 A CN 111051356A
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- photocurable composition
- meth
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- component
- acrylate
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
以往,在添加了紫外线吸收剂的光固化性组合物中,由于紫外线吸收剂自身带有颜色,因此难以形成无色透明的固化物,难以用于要求无色透明性的显示装置。一种光固化性组合物,是包含特定的化合物的具有光固化性的组合物,其中,在200μm以下的厚度的固化物中用0.7mm厚的无碱玻璃板夹持的状态下的385nm的透光率为50%以下,并且黄色度为3.0以下。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及虽然包含紫外线吸收剂、但固化物的着色少的、光固化性组合物。
背景技术
专利文献1中记载了存在有机EL元件的发光层等有机层通过紫外线容易劣化的问题,作为其对策,记载了用含有紫外线吸收剂的树脂层被覆。但是,专利文献1的发明由弹性体和橡胶构成,一开始胶粘力低,可靠性试验中有可能劣化。另一方面,在胶粘力高的具有光固化性的固化性树脂中添加紫外线吸收剂的情况下,由于紫外线吸收剂自身带有颜色,因此难以形成无色透明的固化物,最差的情况下由于紫外线吸收剂的不良影响而使光固化性降低。为了用于显示装置而寻求无色透明的固化性树脂,因此如果带颜色则无法使用。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:WO2015/098647号公报
发明内容
以往,在光固化性组合物中添加紫外线吸收剂的情况下,由于紫外线吸收剂自身带有颜色,因此难以形成无色透明的固化物,因而含有以往的紫外线吸收剂的光固化性组合物难以用于要求固化物的无色透明性的显示装置。
本发明人为了实现上述目的进行了深入的研究,结果发现涉及虽然含有紫外线吸收剂、但固化物接近无色透明的光固化性组合物的方法,从而完成了本发明。
需要说明的是,本申请说明书中,表示上限值以及下限值的范围的“~”或者“至”这样的表示,该上下限值本身也包括在其范围内。另外,只要没有特别说明,操作以及物性等的测定在室温(20~25℃)/相对湿度40~50%的条件下测定。另外,“(甲基)丙烯酸酯”的用语中包括甲基丙烯酸酯以及丙烯酸酯二者。
以下对本发明的主旨进行说明。本发明的第一实施方式为一种光固化性组合物,是包含下述通式1的化合物作为(A)成分的光固化性组合物,将200μm以下的厚度的上述光固化性组合物的固化物用0.7mm厚的无碱玻璃板夹持的状态下,385nm的透光率为50%以下,并且黄色度为3.0以下。
[化1]
(n为1~4的整数,R是碳原子数合计为6以上的烃基,,化合物的主骨架中的氢可以取代成其他有机基团,但是,不包括多聚物。)
本发明的第二实施方式为第一实施方式所述的光固化性组合物,其中,将200μm以下的厚度的上述光固化性组合物的固化物用0.7mm厚的无碱玻璃板夹持的状态下,385nm的透光率为30%以下,并且黄色度为3.0以下。
本发明的第三实施方式为第一或第二实施方式所述的光固化性组合物,其中,还包含作为(B)成分的(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物、作为(C)成分的成膜树脂以及作为(D)成分的光引发剂。
本发明的第四实施方式为第三实施方式所述的光固化性组合物,其中,上述(B)成分包含(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物以及(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体。
本发明的第五实施方式为第四实施方式所述的光固化性组合物,其中,上述(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物为氨基甲酸乙酯改性(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物。
本发明的第六实施方式为第五实施方式所述的光固化性组合物,其中,上述氨基甲酸乙酯改性(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物的主骨架为聚碳酸酯。
本发明的第七实施方式为第四实施方式所述的光固化性组合物,其中,上述(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的主骨架为聚醚。
本发明的第八实施方式为第三至第七实施方式中任一项所述的光固化性组合物,其中,上述(C)成分为苯氧树脂。
本发明的第九实施方式为第三至第八实施方式中任一项所述的光固化性组合物,其中,(D)成分中包含酰基氧化膦系光引发剂。
本发明的第十实施方式为第一至第九实施方式中任一项所述的光固化性组合物,其中,(A)成分相对于组合物整体包含0.1~2.0质量%。
发明的第十一实施方式为第一至第十实施方式中任一项所述的光固化性组合物,其中,用于有机EL元件的组装。
本发明的第十二实施方式为一种光固化性片,其包含第一至第十实施方式中任一项所述的光固化性组合物。
本发明的第十三实施方式为一种显示装置,其中,使用第一至第十实施方式中任一项所述的光固化性组合物。
本发明的第十四实施方式为一种胶粘方法,其中,包括:使第十二实施方式所述的光固化性片附着于一个被粘物上、并使另一个被粘物贴合到上述光固化性片上的工序;和通过照射能量射线将光固化性片固化而将二个被粘物胶粘的工序。
本发明的第十五实施方式为一种显示装置的制造方法,其包括第十四实施方式所述的胶粘方法。
本发明的光固化性组合物,由于难以从外部透射紫外线、并且能够形成接近无色透明的固化物,因此能够优选用于显示装置。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的细节进行说明。作为本发明中能够使用的(A)成分,为通式1的化合物。在此,n为1~4的整数,R是碳原子数合计为6以上的烃基,优选为碳原子数合计为6~19的烃基。通式1的主骨架中的氢可以取代成其他有机基团。另外,上述式1的化合物不包括多聚物。在此,多聚物是指在分子内具有多个通式1的主骨架的化合物。
[化2]
(A)成分具有作为紫外线吸收剂的效果,(A)成分可以单独使用一种,或者也可以混合使用二种以上。(A)成分添加到具有光固化性的组合物中时,将光固化性组合物的200μm以下的厚度的固化物用0.7mm厚的无碱玻璃板夹持的状态下的385nm的透光率为50%以下,并且黄色度为3.0以下,由此能够良好地保持组合物的光固化性、以及固化物的外观、透过率以及黄色度。关于上述状态下的385nm的透光率,优选为40%以下,更优选为30%以下。透光率和黄色度可以通过可见/紫外分光法测定来计算。
作为(A)成分的具体例,可以列举出:2-(2’-羟基-5’-叔辛基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2’-羟基-3’-叔丁基-5’-甲基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3,5-二叔戊基-2-羟基苯基)苯并三唑等,但不限定于此。
(A)成分相对于不包括溶剂的组合物整体,优选包含0.1~4.0质量%,更优选为1.0~3.0质量%,进一步优选为1.1~2.0质量%。(A)成分如果为0.1质量%以上,则能够切割侵入的紫外线,如果为4.0质量%以下,则能够使组合物的外观变无色。
作为本发明中能够使用的(B)成分,只要是具备具有光固化性的官能团的化合物即可,作为官能团,可以列举出:(甲基)丙烯酰基(以下,将丙烯酰基与甲基丙烯酰基合并称为(甲基)丙烯酰基,另外,将具有(甲基)丙烯酰基的化合物也称为(甲基)丙烯酸酯。)、(甲基)丙烯酰胺基(以下,将丙烯酰胺基与甲基丙烯酰胺基合并也称为(甲基)丙烯酰胺基。)等,但不限于这些。优选(B)成分为(甲基)丙烯酰基。从胶粘力提高的观点以及降低粘度的观点出发,(B)成分优选使低聚物与单体组合。
作为能够用于(B)成分的低聚物,优选为(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物,从胶粘力提高的观点出发,特别优选为氨基甲酸乙酯改性(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物。该低聚物由例如在分子内具有2个以上羟基的多元醇化合物、与在分子内具有2个以上异氰酸酯基的化合物、与至少在分子中含有1个以上羟基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯的反应产物合成。
另外,低聚物的重均分子量优选为10000~100000,进一步优选为25000~90000,特别优选为30000~80000。重均分子量高于10000时,固化性良好,重均分子量低于100000时,粘性低,在与被粘物贴合时界面上的亲和良好。在此,重均分子量是指通过凝胶渗透色谱法测定的聚苯乙烯换算的重均分子量。
作为在分子内具有2个以上羟基的多元醇化合物,可以列举出:聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、己内酯二醇、双酚多元醇、聚异戊二烯多元醇、氢化聚异戊二烯多元醇、聚丁二烯多元醇、氢化聚丁二烯多元醇、蓖麻油多元醇、聚碳酸酯二醇等。其中,从透明性优良、耐久性优良出发,优选为聚碳酸酯二醇、聚丁二烯多元醇、氢化聚丁二烯多元醇,从在高温高湿的气氛下固化物不会白色混浊的观点出发,可以特别优选列举出聚碳酸酯二醇。这些可以单独使用,也可以组合多种使用。
作为在分子内具有2个以上异氰酸酯基的化合物,可以列举出例如:芳香族聚异氰酸酯、脂环式聚异氰酸酯、脂肪族聚异氰酸酯等,其中,从得到具有柔软性的固化物的观点出发,优选为脂肪族聚异氰酸酯、脂环式聚异氰酸酯。作为芳香族聚异氰酸酯,可以列举出:2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯、2,6-甲苯二异氰酸酯、1,3-二甲苯二异氰酸酯、1,4-二甲苯二异氰酸酯、四甲基二甲苯二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、萘-1,5-二异氰酸酯、三苯基甲烷三异氰酸酯等,作为脂环式聚异氰酸酯,可以列举出:异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、双(4-异氰酸基环己基)甲烷、1,3-双(异氰酸基甲基)环己烷、1,4-双(异氰酸基甲基)环己烷、降冰片烷二异氰酸酯、二环庚烷三异氰酸酯等,作为脂肪族聚异氰酸酯,可以列举出:己二异氰酸酯、1,3,6-己三异氰酸酯、1,6,11-十一烷三异氰酸酯等。其中,优选为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、己二异氰酸酯等二异氰酸酯。这些可以单独使用,也可以组合多种使用。
作为至少在分子中含有1个以上羟基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯,可以列举出例如:乙二醇、丙二醇、1,3-丙烷二醇、1,3-丁烷二醇、1,4-丁烷二醇、聚乙二醇等二元醇的单(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基乙烷、三羟甲基丙烷、甘油等三元醇的单(甲基)丙烯酸酯或者二(甲基)丙烯酸酯等。这些中,从得到柔软性优良的固化物的观点出发,优选为二元醇的单(甲基)丙烯酸酯,更优选为乙二醇的单(甲基)丙烯酸酯。这些可以单独使用,也可以组合多种使用。
氨基甲酸乙酯改性(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物的合成方法没有特别限定,可以使用公知的方法。例如可以列举出如下方法:使在分子内具有2个以上羟基的多元醇化合物、与在分子内具有2个以上异氰酸酯基的异氰酸酯化合物以摩尔比(多元醇化合物:异氰酸酯化合物)计优选3:1~1:3、进一步优选2:1~1:2的比例,在稀释剂(例如、甲基乙基酮、甲氧基苯酚等)中反应,得到氨基甲酸乙酯预聚物。接着,进一步使在所得的氨基甲酸乙酯预聚物中残存的异氰酸酯基、和为了与其反应充分量的至少在分子中含有1个以上羟基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯反应,从而合成氨基甲酸乙酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物。另外,作为合成时使用的催化剂,可以列举出例如:油酸铅、四丁基锡、三氯化锑、三苯基铝、三辛基铝、二丁基锡二月桂酸酯、环烷酸铜、环烷酸锌、辛基酸锌、辛酸锌、环烷酸锆、环烷酸钴、四正丁基-1,3-二乙酰氧基二STANNOXANE、三乙胺、1,4-二氮[2,2,2]双环辛烷、N-乙基吗啉等,其中,从得到活性高、透明性优良的固化物出发,优选使用二丁基锡二月桂酸酯、环烷酸锌、辛基酸锌、辛酸锌。相对于反应物的总量100质量份优选使用这些催化剂0.0001~10质量份。另外,反应温度通常优选在10~100℃、特别在30~90℃下进行。氨基甲酸乙酯改性(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物可以使用在原料的阶段用溶剂或者下述单体进行稀释后的物质。
作为能够用于(B)成分的单体,可以列举出单官能、二官能、三官能、四官能以上的多官能单体。优选为(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体,特别优选为二官能的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体。为了降低组合物的粘度,单体优选分子量为10000以下,进一步优选为5000以下,最优选为1000以下。
作为单官能单体,可以列举出例如:月桂基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、硬脂基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、四氢糠基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、己内酯改性四氢糠基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、环己基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二环戊基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、异冰片基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、苄基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、苯基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、苯氧乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、苯氧二乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、苯氧四乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、壬基苯氧乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、丁氧基乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、2-羟基乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、2-羟基丙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、甘油(甲基)丙烯酸酯、改性丁基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、表氯醇改性苯氧(甲基)丙烯酸酯、N,N-二甲基氨基乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、N,N-二乙基氨基乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、吗啉代(甲基)丙烯酸酯等。
作为二官能单体,可以列举出例如:新戊二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、双酚A二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、表氯醇改性双酚A二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、硬脂酸改性季戊四醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二环戊烯基二丙烯酸酯、二(甲基)丙烯酰基异氰脲酸酯等。
作为三官能单体,可以列举出例如:三羟甲基丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、表氯醇改性三羟甲基丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、表氯醇改性甘油三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三(丙烯酰氧乙基)异氰脲酸酯等。
作为多官能单体,可以列举出例如:二三羟甲基丙烷四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇单羟基五(甲基)丙烯酸酯、烷基改性二季戊四醇五丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇六(甲基)丙烯酸酯等。这些聚合性单体可以单独使用或者混合使用二种以上。
作为单体,优选为含有醚键以及(甲基)丙烯酰基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯,最优选为在1分子中具有8~30醚键的嵌段数的聚醚单体。醚键的嵌段数少于8的聚醚单体,在高温高湿的气氛下与从外部向固化物内部透过的水分分离而白色浑浊,另一方面,醚键的嵌段数多于30的聚醚单体有可能单体之间发生结晶化,固化物白色浑浊。官能团数只要是1以上即可,这些可以单独使用,也可以组合多种使用。
作为含有醚键以及(甲基)丙烯酰基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯,可以列举出例如:聚乙二醇单(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚丙二醇单(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚丙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚氧丁二醇单(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚氧丁二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯等。含有醚键以及(甲基)丙烯酰基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯的分子量优选为200~5000的范围,更优选为250~3000。作为具体例,可以列举出:作为新中村化学工业株式会社制的M-90G、AM-130G、M-90G、M-230G、A-400、A-600、APG-700、A-1000、9G、14G、23G、1206PE等;作为日油株式会社制的PDE-600、PDP-700、ADE-600等;作为共荣社化学株式会社制的Light ester130MA、Light ester130MA、Light ester130A、14EG、14EG-A等,但不限于此。
为了降低组合物的粘度,使操作性提高,单体的配合量相对于低聚物100质量份,优选为100质量份以下,更优选为50质量份以下,进一步优选为10质量份以下。
能够用于本发明的(C)成分为成膜树脂。(B)成分在25℃气氛下多数为液状,为了使光固化性组合物在25℃气氛下形成片状,添加在25℃气氛下为固体或者几乎没有流动性的(C)成分(以下,将加工成片状的本发明的光固化性组合物称为光固化性片。)。与25℃下为液状的组合物不同,通过在25℃下形成片状,在用于板状的被粘物的贴合时,不会从被粘物的端部突出。作为(C)成分的具体例,可以列举出热塑性树脂、弹性体等,但对于(甲基)丙烯酰基和环氧基等反应性官能团的有无没有限定。
特别优选的(C)成分为苯氧树脂。苯氧树脂是将双酚型环氧树脂等多官能环氧树脂聚合而成的高分子体,在末端残留环氧基。重均分子量优选为10000~100000。作为苯氧树脂的具体例,可以列举出双酚型苯氧树脂、酚醛清漆型苯氧树脂、萘型苯氧树脂、联苯型苯氧树脂等。这些可以单独使用,也可以组合多种使用。作为苯氧树脂,从与保护面板的玻璃或塑料的密合性良好的观点出发,特别优选为双酚型苯氧树脂。其中,从与本发明的(B)成分相溶性良好的观点出发,优选为双酚A以及双酚F的共聚合苯氧树脂。这些可以单独使用,也可以组合多种使用。
作为(C)成分的苯氧树脂,可以使用市售品,具体而言,可以列举出:作为新日铁住金化学株式会社制的フェノトート系列的YP-50、YP-50S、YP-55、YP-70、ZX-1356-2、FX-316等;作为三菱化学株式会社制的jER系列的1256、4250、4275等;巴工业株式会社制的PKHB、PKHC、PKHH、PKHJ、PKFE等,但不限于这些。(C)成分可以使用在原料的阶段稀释成溶剂。
本发明中的(C)成分的添加量相对于(B)成分100质量份,优选为1~50质量份,更优选为10~40质量份,进一步优选为20~40质量份。(C)成分的添加量为1质量份以上时,保持成膜性,对于光固化性组合物难以发生发粘。另一方面,(C)成分的添加量为50质量份以下时,固化物不会变得过脆。
用于本发明得(D)成分为光引发剂。光引发剂是通过照射紫外线或可见光等活性能量射线、光引发剂发生分解,从而产生自由基种、阳离子种或者阴离子种的化合物。
作为(D)成分,可以列举出苯乙酮系光引发剂、苯偶姻系光引发剂、二苯甲酮系光引发剂、噻吨酮系光引发剂、酰基氧化膦系光引发剂等。这些可以单独使用,也可以并用2种以上。将通过可见光区域的能量射线容易固化的酰基氧化膦光引发剂添加到组合物中时,组合物自身容易变成黄色,但从光固化性提高出发,优选包含酰基氧化膦光引发剂。
作为苯乙酮系光引发剂,可以列举出例如:二乙氧基苯乙酮、2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基丙烷-1-酮、苄基二甲基缩酮、4-(2-羟基乙氧基)苯基-(2-羟基-2-丙基)酮、1-羟基环己基苯基酮、2-甲基-2-吗啉代(4-硫甲基苯基)丙烷-1-酮、2-苄基-2-二甲基氨基-1-(4-吗啉代苯基)丁酮、2-羟基-2-甲基-1-[4-(1-甲基乙烯基)苯基]丙酮低聚物等,但不限于此。
作为苯偶姻系光引发剂,可以列举出例如:苯偶姻、苯偶姻甲基醚、苯偶姻乙基醚、苯偶姻异丙基醚、苯偶姻异丁基醚等,但不限于此。
作为二苯甲酮系光引发剂,可以列举出例如:二苯甲酮、邻苯甲酰苯甲酸甲酯、4-苯基二苯甲酮、4-苯甲酰-4’-甲基-二苯基硫化物、3,3’,4,4’-四(叔丁基过氧羰基)二苯甲酮、2,4,6-三甲基二苯甲酮、4-苯甲酰-N,N-二甲基-N-[2-(1-氧代-2-丙烯氧基)乙基]苯溴化铵、(4-苯甲酰苄基)三甲基氯化铵,但不限于此。
作为噻吨酮系光引发剂,可以列举出例如:2-异丙基噻吨酮、4-异丙基噻吨酮、2,4-二乙基噻吨酮、2,4-二氯噻吨酮、1-氯-4-丙氧基噻吨酮、2-(3-二甲基氨基-2-羟基)-3,4-二甲基-9H-噻吨酮-9-酮中氯化物等,但不限于此。
作为酰基氧化膦系光引发剂,可以列举出例如:双(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰)-苯基氧化膦、2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰-二苯基氧化膦、2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰苯基乙氧基氧化膦等,但不限于此。
相对于(B)成分100质量份,(D)成分的添加量优选为0.1~5.0质量份。超过5.0质量份时,组合物有可能变成有色。另外,相对于(D)成分1.0质量份,(A)成分优选为0.1~4.0质量份,更优选为0.5~3.5质量份。(A)成分多于0.1质量份时,从外部难以透过紫外线,(A)成分少于4.0质量份时,容易使固化物变成无色的同时,不会使光固化性降低。
本发明中,为了将光固化性组合物加工成片状,也可以使用溶剂。作为溶剂,可以列举出:甲醇、乙醇等醇类、二氯乙烷、三氯乙烷等氯系溶剂、三氯氟乙烷等氟系溶剂、丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基异丁基酮等酮系溶剂、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丙酯、乙酸丁酯等酯系溶剂、二甲基醚、甲基乙基醚等醚类、戊烷、己烷、庚烷、环己烷等烃系溶剂、苯、甲苯、二甲苯等芳香族溶剂等。如果考虑与本发明的(B)成分以及(C)成分的相溶性,则优选为酮系溶剂。
溶剂的添加量相对于(A)~(D)成分的合计100质量份,优选为50~200质量份,如果为该范围,则在成形为片状时可以形成为200μm以下的膜厚。
另外,作为其他成分,在不损害本发明的目的的范围内可以配合硅烷偶联剂、无机填充剂以及有机填充剂等填充剂、保存稳定剂、抗氧化剂、光稳定剂、胶粘助剂、可塑剂、染料、颜料、阻燃剂、增敏剂、热引发剂、重金属惰性剂、离子阱剂、乳化剂、水分散稳定剂、消泡剂、脱模剂、匀化剂、蜡、流变控制剂、表面活性剂等添加剂。
作为硅烷偶联剂的具体例,可以列举出:2-(3,4-环氧环己基)乙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-环氧丙氧丙基三乙氧基硅烷、3-环氧丙氧丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、3-环氧丙氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-环氧丙氧丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷等含有缩水甘油基的硅烷偶联剂、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷等含有乙烯基的硅烷偶联剂、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷等含有(甲基)丙烯酰基的硅烷偶联剂、N-β-(氨基乙基)-γ-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、N-苯基-γ-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷等含有氨基的硅烷偶联剂、以及γ-巯基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷等。这些可以单独使用,也可以并用2种以上。这些中,从能够进一步期待密合性的提高的观点出发,优选使用含有环氧基或者(甲基)丙烯酰基的硅烷偶联剂。
作为无机填充剂的具体的,可以列举出玻璃粉、煅制氧化硅粉、二氧化硅粉、氧化铝粉、云母粉、有机硅橡胶粉、碳酸钙粉、氮化铝粉、碳粉、高岭土粉、干燥粘土矿物粉、干燥硅藻土粉、金属粉等。另外,作为煅制氧化硅粉,可以列举出:用有机氯硅烷类、聚有机硅氧烷、六甲基二硅氮烷等对表面进行化学修饰(疏水化)而成的煅制氧化硅粉等,可以列举出例如:作为日本Aerosil株式会社制的Aerosil系列的R974、R972、R972V、R972CF、R805、R812、R812S、R816、R8200、RY200、RX200、RY200S、R202等市售品。为了改良流动性等和提高固化物的机械的强度,无机填充剂的配合量相对于(A)~(D)成分的合计100重量份,优选为0.1~100重量份左右。
作为将本发明的光固化性组合物加工成片状的方法,可以使用公知的技术。例如、在光固化性组合物中添加溶剂,制成有意地降低粘度的原液,在预先对表面实施脱模处理后的脱模薄膜上涂布原液后,将溶剂干燥,加工成片状。另外,可以在光固化性片的单面或者两面上贴合脱模薄膜。作为涂布工序的具体例,可以通过流涂法、辊涂法、凹版辊涂法、绕线棒法、唇模涂布法等进行涂布。另外,作为干燥工序中的干燥装置,可以使用热风干燥炉或IR炉等。作为脱模薄膜的材料,可以列举出例如:聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚酯薄膜等塑料薄膜、纸、布、无纺布等,但从脱模性的观点出发,优选为塑料薄膜。上述脱模薄膜的厚度优选为5~300μm,更优选为25~200μm。上述脱模薄膜优选为利用氟系化合物、有机硅系化合物、长链烷基系化合物等的脱模处理后的薄膜。
根据片状的光固化性组合物的厚度,着色的状态也发生变化,越薄越难以附着颜色。因而片状的光固化性组合物优选为200μm以下,进一步优选为150μm。在200μm以下的厚度的固化物中,用0.7mm厚的无碱玻璃板夹持的状态下的385nm的透光率为50%以下,并且黄色度为3.0以下。作为无碱玻璃板,可以使用康宁公司制的1737、イーグル2000、イーグルXG等。
本发明的光固化性组合物可以通过紫外线、可见光等能量射线的照射进行固化。优选为150~750nm的波长范围的照射光,使用低压水银灯、中压水银灯、高压水银灯、超高压水银灯、氙气灯、金属卤化物灯或者LED灯,可以以1~100kJ/m2的累积光量进行固化,优选为5~70kJ/m2的累积光量。
本发明的光固化性组合物可以用于液晶显示器或有机EL显示器等显示装置的组装。具体而言,适于将显示元件、盖板、触摸面板等在显示装置中组装或者有机EL元件自身的组装。
关于使用在单面上贴合脱模薄膜的光固化性片、胶粘二个透明的被粘物的工序,以下进行说明。胶粘工序由层叠工序和固化工序构成。作为层叠工序,使光固化性片的脱模薄膜没有伸展的一侧附着于一个被粘物上的状态下通过层叠施加压力和热的同时进行贴合。然后,剥离脱模薄膜,将另一个被粘物同样地层叠进行贴合。最后,通过照射能量射线将光固化性片固化,从而能够将二个被粘物胶粘。层叠工序中的装置的设定加压中,根据装置的方式或被粘物的面积而不同,但优选用0.1~0.3MPa的力施加压力。层叠工序中的装置的设定温度,如果考虑热对于被粘物破坏,则优选为40~100℃。代替层叠,可以列举出在真空中或减压气氛下能够贴合的真空加压机、真空层叠或者高压釜等。胶粘工序不限于此。
实施例
接着,列举实施例,对本发明更加详细地进行说明,但本发明不仅限于这些实施例。(以下,将光固化性组合物也简单称为组合物,将光固化性组合物制成片状后也称为片。)
[实施例1~3以及比较例1~9]
为了制备组合物,准备下述成分。
(A)成分:具有特定的结构的化合物
·2-(2’-羟基-5’-叔辛基苯基)苯并三唑(通式1中的R的碳原子数合计为8)(JF-83城北化学工业株式会社制)
·2-(2’-羟基-3’-叔丁基-5’-甲基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑(通式1中的R的碳原子数合计为8)(JF-79城北化学工业株式会社制)
·2-(3,5-二叔戊基-2-羟基苯基)苯并三唑(通式1中的R的碳原子数合计为10)(SEESORB704シプロ化成株式会社制)
(A’)成分:(A)成分以外的化合物
·2-(5-氯-2-苯并三唑基)-6-叔丁基-对甲酚(通式1中的R的碳原子数合计为5)(LA-36株式会社ADEKA公司制)
·2,2’,4,4’-四氢二苯甲酮(通式1的结构)(Uvinul3050 BASF公司制)
·6-(2-苯并三唑基)-4-叔辛基-6’-叔丁基-4’-甲基-2,2’-亚甲基双酚(通式1中的R的碳原子数合计为20)(JAST-500城北化学工业株式会社制)
·2-(2’-羟基-5’-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基苯基)-2H-苯并三唑(通式1中的R不是烃基)(RUVA-93大塚化学株式会社制)
·2-氰基-3,3-二苯基丙烯酸乙酯(不是通式1的结构)(SEESORB501シプロ化成株式会社制)
·2-氰基-3,3-二苯基丙烯酸2-乙基己酯(不是通式1的结构)(SEESORB502シプロ化成株式会社制)
·2,2’-亚甲基双[6-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4-叔辛基苯酚](二聚物)(JF-832城北化学工业株式会社制)
(B)成分:(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物
·在主骨架上具有聚碳酸酯的氨基甲酸乙酯改性丙烯酸酯低聚物(异冰片基甲基丙烯酸酯50%稀释品)(UN-004RU根上工业株式会社制)
·聚乙二醇#1000二甲基丙烯酸酯(NK酯23G新中村化学工业株式会社制)
·聚乙二醇#600二甲基丙烯酸酯(NK酯14G新中村化学工业株式会社制)
(C)成分:成膜树脂
·重均分子量:60000,双酚A型环氧树脂/双酚F型混合类型(固体成分100%)(jER4250三菱化学株式会社制)
(D)成分:光引发剂
·2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰-二苯基-氧化膦(IRGACURE TPO BASF公司制)
其他成分
·3-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KBM-503信越化学工业株式会社制)
溶剂
·甲基乙基酮(试剂)
将(A)~(D)成分、其他成分以及溶剂称量到搅拌釜中,在25℃气氛下搅拌1小时。从搅拌前的总重量中如果甲基乙基酮挥发,则补充挥发的分的甲基乙基酮。详细的制备量依据表1,数值全部用质量份标记。另外,不包括溶剂的组合物整体中的(A)成分(或者(A’)成分)的比例也用质量%标记。
通过涂布机,将实施例1~3以及比较例1~8分别以200μm的间隙在脱模薄膜上涂布,以500mm/分的速度通过80℃气氛的长度1.5m的干燥生产线和长度1.5m的110℃气氛的2个干燥生产线进行干燥,由此将组合物形成片状。然后,贴合其他脱模薄膜,制作赋予了2种脱模薄膜的片。用测厚仪测定包括脱模薄膜在内的膜厚,减去2种脱模薄膜的厚度,作为片的“膜厚(干燥后)”记载于表1。在用于使溶剂挥发的干燥中,溶剂从表面上不断干燥,因此内部的溶剂难以挥发。因而,如果使膜厚增厚,则在涂膜内部残留气泡,因此间隙优选为300μm以下。
[表1]
使用由实施例1~3以及比较例1~8形成的片,实施光固化性确认、外观确认(固化后)、透过率测定(固化后)以及黄色度测定(固化后)。以下,将表1的组合物的编号也直接反映在片上,标记于表中。
[光固化性确认]
通过带式运送机型紫外线照射器在累积光量30kJ/m2的条件下、对长度30mm×宽度30mm的片进行光照射使其固化。将固化物制成直径3mm的筒状,向80℃气氛的热风的干燥炉中投入5分钟。温度下降至室温后,根据以下的评价基准,目测进行确认,作为“光固化性”。通过加热,无法保持形状的软化或者发生溶解的情况下,光固化不充分。
评价基准
○:保持筒状
×:不保持筒状
[外观确认(固化后)]
对于剥离了一个脱模薄膜的片,附着于厚度0.7mm×宽度25mm×长度100mm的无碱玻璃板上,将辊温度设定为80℃的热辊层叠机进行转印。然后,剥离另一个脱模薄膜,粘贴上述无碱玻璃板,使用真空层叠机,在80℃气氛下进行贴合。通过带式运送机型紫外线照射器,照射累积光量30kJ/m2的紫外线,制作将片用无碱玻璃贴合而成的试验片。基于下述评价基准,通过目测确认外观,将其结果作为“外观(固化后)”。在确保透明性的方面,优选为“○”。
评价基准
○:没有成分的溶解残存
×:具有成分的溶解残存
[透光率测定(固化后)]
使用与外观确认(固化后)中制作的试验片同样的试验片,利用可见/紫外分光法进行透过率测定。进行800nm至300nm的范围的波长处的透过率测定,读取385nm的透过率(%)。试验数作为n=3来计算出平均值,基于下述评价基准,将其结果作为“透光率(固化后)(单位:%)”。外观(固化后)为“×”的情况下,没有进行本测定,标记为“-”。为了切割对被粘物带来破坏的紫外线,385nm的波长处的透过率为“◎”或者”○”,作为数值,为50%以下,优选为40%以下,最优选为30%以下。
评价基准
◎:385nm的波长处的透过率为5%以下
○:385nm的波长处的透过率大于5%且50%以下
×:385nm的波长处的透过率大于50%
[黄色度测定(固化后)]
使用与外观确认(固化后)中制作的试验片同样的试验片,通过可见/紫外分光法进行黄色度测定。进行800nm至300nm的范围的波长的透过率测定,基于JIS K7373计算出黄色度。试验数设为n=3,计算出平均值,基于下述评价基准,将其结果作为“黄色度(固化后)”。外观(固化后)为“×”的情况下,没有进行本测定标记为“-”。为了实现无色透明,黄色度为“◎”或者“○”,作为数值,wei 3.0以下。
评价基准
◎:黄色度为1.0以下
○:黄色度大于1.0且3.0以下
×:黄色度大于3.0
[表2]
比较例1为不包含(A)成分的片,黄色度为“◎”,透光率为“×”。因而紫外线透过固化物中。本发明的实施例1~3中,透光率和黄色度均“○”,同时实现透光率以及黄色度这两个特性,但在比较例2~7中透光率和黄色度中的任意一种包括“ד,无法同时实现二个特性。另外,实施例1~3以及比较例1~7中,光固化性以及外观(固化物)为”○”。另外,比较例8中,由于具有成分的溶解残留,因此无法使用。
产业上的可利用性
本发明可以用于液晶显示器或有机EL显示器等显示装置的组装,具体而言,适合将显示元件、盖板、触摸面板等组装到显示装置中或适于有机EL元件本身的组装,能够抑制由来自外部的紫外线引起的有机EL元件的劣化。
Claims (15)
2.根据权利要求1所述的光固化性组合物,其中,将200μm以下的厚度的所述光固化性组合物的固化物用0.7mm厚的无碱玻璃板夹持的状态下,385nm的透光率为30%以下,并且黄色度为3.0以下。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的光固化性组合物,其中,还包含作为(B)成分的(甲基)丙烯酸酯化合物、作为(C)成分的成膜树脂以及作为(D)成分的光引发剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的光固化性组合物,其中,所述(B)成分包含(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物以及(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体。
5.根据权利要求4所述的光固化性组合物,其中,所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物为氨基甲酸乙酯改性(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的光固化性组合物,其中,所述氨基甲酸乙酯改性(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物的主骨架为聚碳酸酯。
7.根据权利要求4所述的光固化性组合物,其中,所述(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的主骨架为聚醚。
8.根据权利要求3~7中任一项所述的光固化性组合物,其中,所述(C)成分为苯氧树脂。
9.根据权利要求3~8中任一项所述的光固化性组合物,其中,(D)成分中包含酰基氧化膦系光引发剂。
10.根据权利要求1~9中任一项所述的光固化性组合物,其中,相对于不包括溶剂的组合物整体包含(A)成分0.1~4.0质量%。
11.根据权利要求1~10中任一项所述的光固化性组合物,其中,用于有机EL元件的组装。
12.一种光固化性片,其包含权利要求1~10中任一项所述的光固化性组合物。
13.一种显示装置,其中,使用权利要求1~10中任一项所述的光固化性组合物。
14.一种胶粘方法,其中,包括:
使权利要求12所述的光固化性片附着于一个被粘物上、并使另一个被粘物贴合到所述光固化性片上的工序;和
通过照射能量射线将光固化性片固化而将二个被粘物胶粘的工序。
15.一种显示装置的制造方法,其包括权利要求14所述的胶粘方法。
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US20210070894A1 (en) | 2021-03-11 |
KR20200047521A (ko) | 2020-05-07 |
US11739168B2 (en) | 2023-08-29 |
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