CN111041824A - 一种碳纤维-尼龙复合纤维的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种碳纤维-尼龙复合纤维的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111041824A
CN111041824A CN201911363781.XA CN201911363781A CN111041824A CN 111041824 A CN111041824 A CN 111041824A CN 201911363781 A CN201911363781 A CN 201911363781A CN 111041824 A CN111041824 A CN 111041824A
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fiber
nylon
mdi
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孙浩飞
刘占林
王建政
王其亮
程显蓬
温维海
徐立杰
朱德兵
于龙天
郭建东
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SHANDONG GUODA GOLD CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种碳纤维‑尼龙复合纤维的制备方法：1)将碳纤维浸入浓硝酸中，降温至‑20℃后加入浓磷酸和高锰酸钾，升温至70℃反应2h，用去离子水将碳纤维洗涤，自然晾干；2)浸入DMSO中，加入过量的MDI，加入AIBN，50‑70℃下反应2‑5h，取出，用丙酮清洗后60℃烘干；3)与多根尼龙纤维单丝混织成混合丝，浸入多元醇中，升温至120‑150℃，氮气保护下恒温反应1h，取出后‑0.1MPa、70℃下蒸发干燥，即得。本发明先用MDI将碳纤维表面改性，使碳纤维表面具有可反应基团，与尼龙单丝混纺后再用多元醇固化，将尼龙纤维和碳纤维粘合，从而制备出碳纤维‑尼龙复合纤维，兼具碳纤维的高强度、自润滑性以及尼龙的韧性，可用于制备含有大颗粒沉淀废液的高压过滤网。

Description

一种碳纤维-尼龙复合纤维的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及复合材料领域，尤其涉及一种碳纤维-尼龙复合纤维的制备方法。
背景技术
金矿冶炼前的洗矿废水和冶炼后的提金废液中通常含有较大颗粒的杂质或沉淀，废水无法直接排放，须对其中的颗粒进行浓缩回收。通常是使用沉淀池将废水进行长时间的静置，待沉淀聚集在池底后再将上清液和沉淀初步分离。这种对废液进行预处理的方式一是占地面积大，费时，二是不易操作，不易把控上清液和沉淀的具体区域的选择，会导致上清液中存在沉淀或者沉淀中含水过高。
采用过滤法可避免上述问题，但对过滤器件的要求加高，首先是要能承受较高的水压，其次是能够将沉淀有效拦截，三是可以方便的将拦截的沉淀分离，再生性能好。
发明内容
本发明针对采用过滤法回收冶金废液中沉淀对设备要求较高的问题，提供一种碳纤维-尼龙复合纤维的制备方法。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下：一种碳纤维-尼龙复合纤维的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)将碳纤维浸入浓硝酸中，降温至-20℃后加入浓磷酸和高锰酸钾，升温至70℃反应2h，用去离子水将碳纤维洗涤，自然晾干；
2)将步骤1)干燥后的碳纤维浸入DMSO中，加入过量的MDI，加入AIBN，50-70℃下反应2-5h，将碳纤维取出，用丙酮清洗后60℃烘干，得MDI表面改性碳纤维；
3)将多根尼龙纤维单丝和多根步骤2)所得MDI表面改性碳纤维单丝混织成混合丝，将混合丝浸入多元醇中，升温至120-150℃，氮气保护下恒温反应1h，取出后-0.1MPa、70℃下蒸发干燥，制得碳纤维-尼龙复合纤维。
其中，步骤1)中，1g重量的所述碳纤维对应100-150ml浓硝酸、3-5g浓磷酸和7-10g高锰酸钾；步骤2)中，干燥后的碳纤维与MDI的重量比为1:(4-6)；步骤3)中，所述尼龙纤维单丝与所述MDI表面改性碳纤维单丝的数量比为1:(0.5-4)，多元醇为1,4-丁二醇或1,5-戊二醇。
本发明所用碳纤维为T700或T800，所用尼龙纤维为PA6或PA66。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明先用MDI将碳纤维表面改性，使碳纤维表面具有可反应基团，与尼龙单丝混纺后再用多元醇固化，将尼龙纤维和碳纤维粘合，从而制备出碳纤维-尼龙复合纤维，复合纤维兼具碳纤维的高强度、自润滑性以及尼龙的韧性，可用于制备含有大颗粒沉淀废液的高压过滤网，通过控制适当的空隙和厚度，可有效拦截沉淀，且该复合纤维稳定性好，可反复使用。
具体实施方式
以下结合实例对本发明进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。
实施例1
一种碳纤维-尼龙复合纤维的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)将10g T800碳纤维浸入1000ml浓硝酸中，降温至-20℃后加入50g浓磷酸和100g高锰酸钾，升温至70℃反应2h，用去离子水将碳纤维洗涤，自然晾干；
2)将步骤1)干燥后的碳纤维浸入DMSO中，加入60g MDI，加入1.5g AIBN，70℃下反应2h，将碳纤维取出，用丙酮清洗后60℃烘干，得MDI表面改性碳纤维；
3)将10根PA6尼龙纤维单丝和5根步骤2)所得MDI表面改性碳纤维单丝混织成混合丝，将混合丝浸入1,5-戊二醇中，升温至150℃，氮气保护下恒温反应1h，取出后-0.1MPa、70℃下蒸发干燥，制得碳纤维-尼龙复合纤维。
实施例2
一种碳纤维-尼龙复合纤维的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1)将10g T700碳纤维浸入1500ml浓硝酸中，降温至-20℃后加入30g浓磷酸和70g高锰酸钾，升温至70℃反应2h，用去离子水将碳纤维洗涤，自然晾干；
2)将步骤1)干燥后的碳纤维浸入DMSO中，加入40g MDI，加入1g AIBN，50℃下反应5h，将碳纤维取出，用丙酮清洗后60℃烘干，得MDI表面改性碳纤维；
3)将10根PA66尼龙纤维单丝和40根步骤2)所得MDI表面改性碳纤维单丝混织成混合丝，将混合丝浸入1,4-丁二醇中，升温至120℃，氮气保护下恒温反应1h，取出后-0.1MPa、70℃下蒸发干燥，制得碳纤维-尼龙复合纤维。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种碳纤维-尼龙复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
1)将碳纤维浸入浓硝酸中，降温至-20℃后加入浓磷酸和高锰酸钾，升温至70℃反应2h，用去离子水将碳纤维洗涤，自然晾干；
2)将步骤1)干燥后的碳纤维浸入DMSO中，加入过量的MDI，加入AIBN，50-70℃下反应2-5h，将碳纤维取出，用丙酮清洗后60℃烘干，得MDI表面改性碳纤维；
3)将多根尼龙纤维单丝和多根步骤2)所得MDI表面改性碳纤维单丝混织成混合丝，将混合丝浸入多元醇中，升温至120-150℃，氮气保护下恒温反应1h，取出后-0.1MPa、70℃下蒸发干燥，制得碳纤维-尼龙复合纤维。
2.根据权利要求1所述的碳纤维-尼龙复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤1)中，1g重量的所述碳纤维对应100-150ml浓硝酸、3-5g浓磷酸和7-10g高锰酸钾。
3.根据权利要求1所述的碳纤维-尼龙复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤2)中，干燥后的碳纤维与MDI的重量比为1:(4-6)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的碳纤维-尼龙复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤3)中，所述尼龙纤维单丝与所述MDI表面改性碳纤维单丝的数量比为1:(0.5-4)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的碳纤维-尼龙复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤3)中，所述多元醇为1,4-丁二醇或1,5-戊二醇。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的碳纤维-尼龙复合纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，所述碳纤维为T700或T800，所述尼龙纤维为PA6或PA66。
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CN112030297A (zh) * 2020-09-08 2020-12-04 安徽新虹纺织有限公司 一种阻燃耐磨的抗菌纱线及其生产工艺
WO2023082137A1 (zh) * 2021-11-11 2023-05-19 安徽新虹纺织有限公司 一种阻燃耐磨的抗菌纱线及其生产工艺

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Application publication date: 20200421