CN111040632A - 一种光伏预涂材料、预涂焊带及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种光伏预涂材料、预涂焊带及其制备方法，属光伏新能源技术领域。所述光伏预涂材料包括：氢化松香，马来松香，松香脂，丁二酸，戊二酸，己二酸；制备方法是将氢化松香和马来松香混合加热，随后依次放入松香脂、丁二酸、戊二酸、己二酸及二十四酸，搅拌混合熔解，即得光伏预涂材料。预涂焊带包括基体、镀锡层及光伏预涂材料组成。所述预涂焊带的制备方法包括：将基材送入高速镀锡机中进行镀锡，得镀锡基材；将光伏预涂材料放入涂布机中或者喷涂机中；将镀锡基材放入涂布机或喷涂机中，对镀锡基材进行光伏预涂材料的涂布或风刀吹抹，并慢烤至干燥或低温急速冷却即制备成预涂焊带。本发明工艺简单、成本投入低，属环保型材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于光伏新能源技术领域，尤其是涉及一种光伏预涂材料、预涂焊带及其制备方法。
背景技术
太阳能电池是一种非常有前景的新型电源，太阳能电池是通过光电效应或者光化学效应直接把光能转化成电能的装置。
现有太阳能电池在相互串联、并联过程中需要大量使用焊带(也叫涂锡铜带、MBB圆线)焊接从而汇集并输出太阳能电池片在阳光照射下产生的电流，涂锡铜带在与太阳能电池焊接过程中需在焊接设备中或单独浸泡涂抹液态助焊剂再通过烘烤方式让溶剂挥发然后留下活化剂、松香及其它调整剂以更好的将焊带与太阳能电池焊接结合，助焊剂在浸泡涂抹过程中易挥发和产生结晶且助焊剂在使用一段时间后需更换，助焊剂挥发到空气中对周围的环境产生污染，助焊剂结晶后在焊接设备上需定期清理否则易造成焊接设备零部件的损坏，助焊剂为易燃品对存储有较高的防护要求且使用更换后的废液需由专业的处理机构处置。
发明内容
本申请针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种光伏预涂材料、预涂焊带及其制备方法。本发明工艺简单、成本投入低。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种光伏预涂材料，其特征在于，所述光伏预涂材料包括：氢化松香、马来松香、松香脂、丁二酸、戊二酸、己二酸及二十四酸。
所述光伏预涂材料的组份包括：氢化松香：40-50％，马来松香：20-30％，松香脂：10-15％，丁二酸：6-9％，戊二酸：6-8％，己二酸：1-3％，二十四酸1-3％，按质量百分数计。
所述的光伏预涂材料的制备方法为：将氢化松香和马来松香混合加热熔解，随后放入松香脂并进行加热熔解搅拌，随后加入丁二酸并搅拌混均，紧接着加入戊二酸并搅拌混均，之后加入己二酸进行搅拌混合均匀，最后加入二十四酸搅拌混匀，即得光伏预涂材料。
一种预涂焊带包括基体、镀锡层及如权利要求1或2所述的光伏预涂材料组成；所述基体为纯铜、铜银合金或铜镍合金中的一种。
所述的预涂焊带的制备方法包括：
(1)将基材送入高速镀锡机中进行镀锡，得到镀锡基材；
(2)将光伏预涂材料放入涂布机中或者喷涂机中，并将温度保持为100-155℃；
(3)将步骤(1)中所得镀锡基材放入步骤(2)中所述涂布机或喷涂机中，对镀锡基材进行光伏预涂材料的涂布或风刀吹抹，并在60-90℃下慢烤至干燥或低温急速冷却即制备成预涂焊带。
将光伏预涂材料加热温度为100-155℃，搅拌转速为8000-12000r/min。
所述光伏预涂材料为浆态状或膏状。
步骤(1)中所述基材带状、圆丝状或三角状中任意一种形状。
若所述基材为带状时，则带状厚度0.05-0.3mm、宽度0.5-30mm；若所述基材为圆丝状时，则圆柱体状规格￠0.015-0.4mm；若所述基材为三角状时，则所述基体三角体状为规格底0.2-2mm、高0.1-1mm。
所述镀锡层单面厚度为0.001-0.02mm；所述光伏预涂材料单面厚度为0.001-0.02mm。
本发明有益的技术效果在于：
通过本发明制备得到的预涂焊带无需浸泡可直接将预涂光伏焊带直接与太阳能电池焊接，预涂焊带直接焊接解决了以往焊带在助焊剂中浸泡过程中的溶剂挥发对空气的污染，并在使用过程中杜绝了浸泡过程中溢出的助焊剂至设备上再挥发结晶造成设备零部件的损坏；废弃的助焊剂需专业机构回收处理，处理过程中增加了能源的消耗；故本发明实施解决了助焊剂在使用及废液的排放等诸多问题为节能提效的带来了优势；以此获得对环境更大的保护及更高的生产效率及降低太阳能电池制造成本。本发明中所使用的有机酸主要作用为去除接(删除)表面氧化并增加焊锡湿润力有良好的助焊、酸化活性作用，同时使得整个预涂材料的更加稳定。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1预涂焊带示意图；
图(b)为横截面图，其中：1和5为预涂层，厚度为0.01mm；3为纯铜基体，厚度为0.2mm；2和4为镀锡层，厚度为0.025mm。
图2为本发明实施例2预涂焊带示意图；
图(b)为横截面图，其中：1为铜银基体，厚度为0.2mm；2为镀锡层，厚度为0.025mm，3为预涂层，厚度为0.01mm。
图3为本发明实施例3预涂焊带示意图；
图(b)为横截面图，其中：1为铜镍基体，厚度为0.2mm；为焊接层，厚度为0.025mm；3为预涂层，厚度为0.01mm。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明进行具体描述。
实施例1
(1)将带状纯铜基材送入高速镀锡机中进行镀锡，得到纯铜镀锡基材；
(2)将光伏预涂材料放入涂布机中，并将涂布机温度保持为100℃，为下一步做好准备；
(3)将步骤(1)中所得纯铜镀锡基材放入步骤(2)中所述涂布机中，对镀锡基材进行光伏预涂材料的涂布，并在60℃下慢烤至干燥，最终制备得到带状预涂焊带。制备得到的焊带截面图见图1。
其中，光伏预涂材料的制备方法为：将氢化松香41％和马来松香30％混合加热熔解，温度为100℃，随后放入松香脂10％并进行加热熔解搅拌，之后加入丁二酸9％并搅拌混均，紧接着加入戊二酸6％并搅拌混均，之后加入己二酸3％并搅拌混均，最后加入二十四酸1％进行搅拌混合均匀，即得光伏预涂材料。
实施例2
(1)将三角状铜银合金基材送入高速镀锡机中进行镀锡，得到铜银镀锡基材；
(2)将光伏预涂材料放入喷涂机中，并将喷涂机温度保持为130℃，为下一步做好准备；
(3)将步骤(1)中所得铜银镀锡基材放入步骤(2)中所述喷涂机中，对镀锡基材进行光伏预涂材料的风刀吹抹，并在90℃下慢烤至干燥，最终制备得到三角状预涂焊带。制备得到的焊带截面图见图2。
其中，光伏预涂材料的制备方法为：将氢化松香45％和马来松香25％混合加热熔解，熔解温度为125℃，随后放入松香脂12％并进行加热熔解搅拌，之后加入丁二酸8％并搅拌混均，紧接着加入戊二酸6％并搅拌混均，之后加入己二酸1％并进行搅拌混合，最后加入二十四酸3％进行搅拌混合均匀，即得光伏预涂材料。
实施例3
(1)将圆丝状铜镍合金基材送入高速镀锡机中进行镀锡，得到铜镍镀锡基材；
(2)将光伏预涂材料放入喷涂机中，并将喷涂机温度保持为155℃，为下一步做好准备；
(3)将步骤(1)中所得铜镍镀锡基材放入步骤(2)中所述喷涂机中，对铜镍镀锡基材进行光伏预涂材料的风刀吹抹，在低温急速冷却并干燥，最终制备得到圆丝状预涂焊带。制备得到的焊带截面图见图3。
其中，光伏预涂材料的制备方法为：将氢化松香47％和马来松香20％混合加热熔解，熔解温度为150℃，随后放入松香脂15％并搅拌混均，之后加入丁二酸6％并搅拌混均，紧接着加入戊二酸6％并搅拌混均，之后加入己二酸3％进行搅拌混合，最后加入二十四酸3％进行搅拌混合均匀，即得光伏预涂材料。
Claims (10)
1.一种光伏预涂材料，其特征在于，所述光伏预涂材料包括：氢化松香、马来松香、松香脂、丁二酸、戊二酸、己二酸及二十四酸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的光伏预涂材料，其特征在于，所述光伏预涂材料的组份包括：氢化松香：40-50％，马来松香：20-30％，松香脂：10-15％，丁二酸：6-9％，戊二酸：6-8％，己二酸：1-3％，二十四酸1-3％，按质量百分数计。
3.一种如权利要求1或2所述的光伏预涂材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述光伏预涂材料的制备方法为：将氢化松香和马来松香混合加热熔解，随后放入松香脂并进行加热熔解搅拌，随后加入丁二酸并搅拌混均，紧接着加入戊二酸并搅拌混均，之后加入己二酸进行搅拌混合均匀，最后加入二十四酸搅拌混匀，即得光伏预涂材料。
4.一种预涂焊带，其特征在于，所述焊带包括基体、镀锡层及如权利要求1或2所述的光伏预涂材料组成；所述基体为纯铜、铜银合金或铜镍合金中的一种。
5.一种如权利要求4所述的预涂焊带的制备方法，其特征在于，所述预涂焊带的制备方法包括：
(1)将基材送入高速镀锡机中进行镀锡，得到镀锡基材；
(2)将光伏预涂材料放入涂布机中或者喷涂机中，并将温度保持为100-155℃；
(3)将步骤(1)中所得镀锡基材放入步骤(2)中所述涂布机或喷涂机中，对镀锡基材进行光伏预涂材料的涂布或风刀吹抹，并在60-90℃下慢烤至干燥或低温急速冷却即制备成预涂焊带。
6.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法，其特征在于，将光伏预涂材料加热温度为100-155℃，搅拌转速为8000-12000r/min。
7.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述光伏预涂材料为浆态状或膏状。
8.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中所述基材带状、圆丝状或三角状中任意一种形状。
9.根据权利要求8所述的制备方法，其特征在于，若所述基材为带状时，则带状厚度0.05-0.3mm、宽度0.5-30mm；若所述基材为圆丝状时，则圆柱体状规格￠0.015-0.4mm；若所述基材为三角状时，则所述基体三角体状为规格底0.2-2mm、高0.1-1mm。
10.根据权利要求4所述的预涂焊带，其特征在于，所述镀锡层单面厚度为0.001-0.02mm；所述光伏预涂材料单面厚度为0.001-0.02mm。
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