CN111011116A

CN111011116A - Efficient selenium enrichment method for sea asparagus

Info

Publication number: CN111011116A
Application number: CN201911308070.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田桂利; 李彬; 李宽
Original assignee: TIANJIN CHANGLU HANGU SALTERN CO Ltd
Current assignee: TIANJIN CHANGLU HANGU SALTERN CO Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-18
Filing date: 2019-12-18
Publication date: 2020-04-17

Abstract

A high-efficiency selenium enrichment method for sea asparagus belongs to the technical field of selenium enrichment of agricultural products. The invention adopts a D-saturation optimization design, takes sea asparagus growing on the ground as a culture plant, and carries out selenium-rich treatment in the growth period of the sea asparagus. In the treatment process, spraying selenium-rich solution at intervals of 7 days in 4-5 times in 5-6 months of vigorous growing season, wherein the spraying solution is malt selenium solution, the pH is 6.5-7.0, the concentration is 5000-10000 mug/L, and the spraying amount is 60-80mL/m²So that the content of the organic selenium in the fresh sea asparagus reaches more than 10 mug/kg. The invention has the advantages that: aiming at the characteristic that the ultimate tolerance spraying concentration of the sea asparagus is very high, a selenium-rich optimization method of spraying liquid with higher concentration and proper pH value and treating for multiple times is adopted, so that the content of organic selenium is obviously improved in a short period. The invention has the advantages of obviously shortened operation period and reduced operation cost.

Description

Efficient selenium enrichment method for sea asparagus

Field of the invention

The invention belongs to the technical field of selenium enrichment of agricultural products.

Background

Selenium (Se) is a trace element, with molecular weight 78.96, in group VIA of the periodic table of elements, and is chemically similar to the sulfur element of the same group. It is generally accepted in the current view that a proper amount of selenium in the diet has an important role in maintaining the health of the human body. First, selenium plays an irreplaceable role in improving the antioxidant capacity of the human body. Selenium can participate in the catalytic reaction of various enzymes in the human body to regulate the absorption and consumption of vitamins; in addition, selenium also has important physiological functions of resisting cancers, protecting the liver, combining heavy metals, preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases and the like, the selenium is the most main antioxidant of the human body and can clear free radicals, and the anti-aging capacity of the selenium to the human body is 500 times higher than that of vitamin E; selenium is a natural detoxifying substance in human body, can resist the harm of arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead and other poisons to human body, and has antagonistic action on various poisons. Therefore, selenium is praised by medical and nutritional circles at home and abroad as "the king of cancer resistance", "the species of vital fire", "natural antidote", "central element of body stability", "long-life element" and young element of human body ".

According to the survey report, the selenium intake of adults is only 26.63 mug/day, which is far from the safe selenium intake of 40-240 mug/person/day. Currently, there are two ways to supplement selenium: firstly, inorganic selenium is directly taken, and secondly, organic selenium-rich products are taken frequently. Generally, organic selenium food has higher selenium supplementing efficiency than inorganic selenium food, and the prospect is better. The vegetables are the essential agricultural products in daily life of people, and the vegetables and the products thereof are very suitable to be used as the enrichment carrier of organic selenium. The vegetable functional food containing a proper amount of organic selenium undoubtedly plays a positive promoting role in processing functional vegetable products in China, and has great development potential after solving some key technologies.

Tender stems and seed pods of sea asparagus are pure natural novel organic health-care vegetables, and can effectively regulate acid-base balance in human bodies after being eaten, so that the trouble of sub-health is eliminated. The long-term consumption of sea asparagus can help to remove cholesterol on vessel wall, prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, promote digestion and gastrointestinal peristalsis, and eliminate constipation. According to the detection of an authority, the tender stem part of 100g of sea asparagus contains 29.17mg of carotene, and the content of the carotene is about 40 times higher than that of common vegetables; vitamin E14.3mg; 112.7mg of iodine exists in an organic state, and is more beneficial to human health than inorganic iodine in salt; the selenium-enriched sea asparagus tea is rich in amino acid, edible fiber, trace elements such as calcium, iron, zinc, selenium and phosphorus which are necessary for human bodies, and also contains natural plant alkaloid and flavone, but the content of selenium can not reach the standard of 2.8 mu g/kg of organic selenium content of selenium-enriched vegetable sea asparagus.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-efficiency selenium-enriching method for sea asparagus, which enables the organic selenium content of the sea asparagus to reach the standard of selenium-enriched vegetables and is mainly used in the fields of fresh selling, production and processing of the selenium-enriched sea asparagus.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a method for enriching selenium of sea asparagus comprises the following steps: spraying selenium-enriched solution for 4-5 times in 5-6 months in vigorous growing seasons, wherein each time interval is 7 days, the spraying solution is malt selenium solution, the pH value is controlled to be 6.5-7.0 by selenium solution source, the solution selenium concentration is 5000 plus 10000 mug/L, the selenium-enriched effect can not be achieved below 5000 mug/L, the solution selenium concentration is higher than 10000 mug/L, sea asparagus plants can be injured, and the spraying amount is 60-80mL/m²The method can make the content of organic selenium in the harvested sea asparagus reach more than 10 mug/kg.

The invention has the advantages that: the invention adopts D-saturation optimization design, selects the typical variety of the reed in the seawater vegetables with rich nutritive value to carry out selenium enrichment treatment, and can not influence the growth of the raw materials in a larger concentration range due to the salt tolerance of the raw materials, so that the treatment can be carried out at a larger concentration, thereby reducing the treatment times, achieving the purpose of selenium enrichment in a short time and reducing the cost.

The invention adopts the D-saturation optimization design, and the selenium enrichment treatment is carried out for multiple times by spraying the organic selenium solution with certain safe concentration and optimal pH value in the optimal selenium enrichment stage of the seawater vegetables, so the operation is simple and convenient, the period is short, and the selenium enrichment efficiency is obviously improved; and finally, the organic selenium content of the fresh-like product obtained by harvesting the sea asparagus is remarkably improved in a short period, and the content is as high as more than 10 mug/kg, so that the fresh-like sea vegetable product can be directly sold fresh, and the economic value of the fresh-like sea vegetable product is remarkably improved.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a planting method of selenium-rich sea asparagus, which comprises the following steps:

1. and (3) treating the seedling field, namely constructing a water inlet ditch, a drainage ditch and a circular water ditch irrigation system by using decomposed pig and cow dung as base fertilizer, making ridges and furrows and drying the field for more than two months.

2. The seedling culture of the sea asparagus uses the peatmoss and the vermiculite as the substrate, and the full, dry, impurity-free and mildew-free seeds which are strictly bred in the last year are selected for seedling culture in the breeding box. Usually, watering once in 10-15 days, wherein the salt content of the water for watering is required to be less than 1 per mill, the environmental temperature is higher than 25 ℃, ventilation is carried out, and the seedlings are grown for 30-40 days.

3. And (3) selecting robust seedlings to transplant into the prepared seedling field, and transplanting and cultivating according to the plant spacing of 25 cm and the row spacing of 35 cm. And the operations of irrigation, seedling supplementing, thinning, topping, fertilization, pest control and the like are well performed.

4. Selecting land area of about 50m²And spraying selenium-rich leaves on the uniformly grown sea asparagus. Pre-preparing a selenium solution with selenium concentration of 5000-10000 mug/L, pH of 6.5-7.0 and spraying area of 50m²The volume of the spraying solution is 3000mL, the spraying time is in vigorous growing seasons (5-6 months), and the spraying is carried out in the morning each time. The interval is 5-7 days for 5 times. The method can make the content of organic selenium in the harvested sea asparagus reach more than 10 mug/kg.

5. The sea asparagus plants grow vigorously, are dark green in color quality, are full, and can be harvested when the branches grow to 13-15 cm and the selenium content is detected to reach over 10 mug/kg.

The relationship between the selenium solution concentration of the spraying solution and the selenium content of the harvested sea asparagus is shown in the following table:

as can be seen from the above table, the selenium concentration of the solution is from 4000-. The reason is that when the concentration of selenium in the solution is higher than 10000 mug/L, the sea asparagus plant body is damaged, and when quantitative detection is carried out on all the plants after harvesting, the unit selenium content is reduced. When the concentration of the solution selenium is lower than 5000 mug/L, the content of the selenium enriched detected by the harvested plants is lower than 10 mug/kg, and the ideal selenium enriched effect can not be achieved. Therefore, when the concentration of the solution selenium is 5000-10000 mug/L, the content of the organic selenium of the harvested sea asparagus is higher and reaches 10-16 mug/kg, which is far higher than the standard of the selenium-rich content of vegetables. The invention adopts the organic selenium solution to carry out the selenium-rich spraying treatment for multiple times, thereby not only having simple and convenient operation but also having short period, and obviously improving the selenium-rich efficiency; and finally, the organic selenium content of the fresh-like product obtained by harvesting the sea asparagus is obviously improved in a short period, and the effect is ideal.

Claims

1. A method for enriching selenium of sea asparagus comprises the following steps: spraying selenium-rich solution 4-5 times in 5-6 months in vigorous growing season, wherein each time interval is 7 days, the spraying solution is malt selenium solution, pH value is controlled to 6.5-7.0 by selenium solution source, selenium concentration of the solution is 5000-10000 mug/L, and spraying amount is 60-80mL/m²。

2. The selenium enrichment method for sea asparagus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: comprises a seedling raising step before selenium enrichment treatment of sea asparagus growth, which is to select full, dry and impurity-free and mildew-free seeds strictly bred in the last year by using turfy soil and vermiculite as substrates to raise seedlings in a breeding box. Usually, watering once in 10-15 days, wherein the salt content of the water for watering is required to be less than 1 per mill, the environmental temperature is higher than 25 ℃, ventilation is carried out, and the seedlings are grown for 30-40 days.

3. The selenium enrichment method for sea asparagus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: comprises the step of leveling a seedling field, wherein decomposed pig and cow dung are used as base fertilizers, an irrigation system with a water inlet ditch, a drainage ditch and a circular water ditch is built, ridges and furrows are formed, the field is sunned for more than two months, and sea asparagus after seedling cultivation is transplanted into the treated seedling field.

4. The selenium enrichment method for sea asparagus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the selenium enrichment method comprises the following steps: and (3) selecting robust sea asparagus after seedling cultivation, transplanting the sea asparagus into a prepared seedling field, transplanting and cultivating the sea asparagus according to the plant spacing of 25 cm and the row spacing of 35 cm, and well performing irrigation, seedling supplementing, thinning, topping, fertilization and pest control.

5. The selenium enrichment method for sea asparagus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the growth branches of the sea asparagus are up to 13-15 cm, the selenium content is detected to be more than 10 mug/kg for collection.