CN110999720A

CN110999720A - Secondary fermentation process of culture material

Info

Publication number: CN110999720A
Application number: CN201911405321.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 辛良群
Original assignee: Chongqing Ruifunong Edible Mushrooms Plantation Co ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Ruifunong Edible Mushrooms Plantation Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-30
Filing date: 2019-12-30
Publication date: 2020-04-14

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation, and particularly discloses a secondary fermentation process of a culture material, which comprises the following steps of culture material preparation, pre-fermentation and post-fermentation: (1) a primary heating stage: heating the mushroom house to 50-53 ℃ by adopting movable heating equipment, wherein the temperature control time is 4-8 h; (2) and (3) secondary heating pasteurization stage: supplying steam to the mushroom house by using a movable heating device for secondary heating, keeping the temperature for 8h when the temperature of the mushroom house reaches 62-64 ℃, stopping supplying the steam, sealing the mushroom house, keeping the temperature for 4h when the central temperature of the primary fermentation material reaches 72-75 ℃, and ventilating; (3) temperature control decomposition stage: after pasteurization, increasing ventilation volume when the temperature of the mushroom house is reduced to 42-45 ℃, and keeping the temperature of the mushroom house at 30 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 8-12h when the temperature of the material is reduced to 30 ℃ to obtain the culture material. The secondary fermentation process of the compost is convenient for adjusting the fermentation conditions, and the prepared compost is sufficient in nutrition and beneficial to the feeding and germination of the strains after sowing.

Description

Secondary fermentation process of culture material

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of edible mushroom cultivation, in particular to a secondary fermentation process of a culture material.

Background

The edible fungi refer to mushroom (large-scale fungi) with large fruiting bodies and available for eating, which are commonly called mushrooms, wherein the known edible fungi in China comprise more than 350, and the known edible fungi belong to basidiomycotina subphyla, and commonly comprise mushrooms, straw mushrooms, agaric, tremella, hericium erinaceus, dictyophora phalloidea, matsutake, tricholoma matsutake, russula, ganoderma lucidum, cordyceps sinensis, truffle, pleurotus nebrodensis, boletus and the like.

The culture material is an important growth substrate in the cultivation process of the edible fungi and provides nutrient substances required by the growth of the edible fungi, at present, the culture material of the edible fungi is generally prepared by mixing and fermenting materials such as bean cypress, rice bran, bran and the like, and the fermentation temperature, humidity and the like of the culture material are strictly controlled in order to ensure the fermentation effect in the fermentation process. However, most of the existing secondary fermentation processes of the compost adjust fermentation conditions through measures such as ventilation and air exchange, the timeliness and accuracy of adjustment are poor, the compost fermentation is incomplete, and the yield and quality of the edible fungi in the later period are affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a secondary fermentation process of a culture material, and solves the problem that the quality and the yield of edible fungi at the later stage are influenced due to incomplete fermentation caused by poor adjustment of fermentation conditions in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the secondary fermentation process of the compost comprises the following steps:

step I: preparing a culture material, wherein the raw materials of the culture material comprise wheat straw or rice straw, cake meal, animal manure, calcium superphosphate, urea, gypsum, limestone and a bactericide;

step II: pre-fermentation, wherein the pre-fermentation process comprises the following steps:

(1) pre-wetting and pre-stacking of raw materials: pre-wetting forage and animal waste and pre-stacking the forage and the animal waste;

(2) building a pile: alternately stacking the forage and the animal manure layer by layer to obtain a stacking material;

(3) primary fermentation and decomposition: composting and decomposing the compost, and regularly turning the compost to obtain a primary fermented material;

step III: and (3) after-fermentation, namely transferring the pre-fermented material into a mushroom house while the pre-fermented material is hot, and performing after-fermentation, wherein the after-fermentation comprises the following steps:

(1) a primary heating stage: heating the mushroom house to 50-53 ℃ by adopting movable heating equipment, and controlling the temperature for 4-8 h;

(2) and (3) secondary heating pasteurization stage: supplying steam to the mushroom house by using a movable heating device for secondary heating, keeping the temperature for 8h when the temperature of the mushroom house reaches 62-64 ℃, stopping supplying the steam, sealing the mushroom house, keeping the temperature for 4h when the central temperature of the primary fermentation material reaches 72-75 ℃, and ventilating;

(3) temperature control decomposition stage: after pasteurization, increasing ventilation volume when the temperature of the mushroom house is reduced to 42-45 ℃, and keeping the temperature of the mushroom house at 30 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 8-12h when the temperature of the material is reduced to 30 ℃ to obtain the culture material.

The principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: in the technical scheme, firstly, in the selection of raw materials, the cake meal can be added to supplement an organic nitrogen source in the culture material, and the urea and the calcium superphosphate can provide an inorganic nitrogen source in the culture material, so that the diversification of the nitrogen source is realized; the animal waste contains more cellulose and lignin, and can be converted into micromolecular fat and organic acid substances in the subsequent fermentation process; reasonable C/N ratio and manure-grass ratio can be ensured through the proportion of the raw materials, and balanced and comprehensive nutrition of the culture material is ensured from the source; in the preceding fermentation process, when the compost is built, the forage and the animal manure are alternately piled layer by layer, so that the compost has certain air permeability, and sufficient oxygen can be provided in the composting and decomposing process, so that the aerobic bacteria can decompose micromolecular nutrients favorable for the growth of the edible fungi from the compost. During after-fermentation, the temperature and humidity in the mushroom house are rapidly regulated by steam generated by the movable temperature rising equipment, so that not only can the appropriate fermentation condition be rapidly achieved, the fermentation period be shortened, but also the problem of slow fermentation or ineffective fermentation caused by slow temperature rise can be avoided. In the secondary heating pasteurization stage, the heating temperature is just the pasteurization temperature, so that harmful mixed bacteria and insects can be effectively inhibited and killed, and a large amount of high-temperature actinomycetes and molds beneficial to edible fungi can be grown and propagated. Meanwhile, the fungi can fix free nitrogen, decompose the macromolecular raw materials of the culture material, convert the macromolecular raw materials into small molecular substances which are easily absorbed by the edible fungi, improve the nutritive value of the culture material, create good environmental conditions for the growth of the edible fungi, further ensure that the prepared culture material has sufficient nutrients, be beneficial to the germination of the strains after sowing, ensure that the hypha of the edible fungi grows coarsely, and achieve the effect of improving the yield and the quality.

Further, in the step II, during pile building, the thickness of the piled materials is 30-50cm, the width of the piled materials is 75-115cm, water is supplemented to the forage from the fourth layer, and the water content of the forage is guaranteed to be 65% -70%.

In the technical scheme, when the compost is built, the size of the compost is the proper size of the compost, the internal fermentation is not uniform due to the over-thick compost, and the water is supplemented to the forage in the process of composting, so that in the subsequent fermentation process, after a part of water is evaporated by the generated fermentation heat, the compost can be ensured to have certain water content, the normal growth and the propagation of microorganisms are ensured, and the decomposition of the microorganisms to the forage is ensured.

Further, an inorganic nitrogen source is supplemented to the forage simultaneously in the water supplementing process.

In the technical scheme, in the water supplementing process, the inorganic nitrogen source is dissolved in the water supplementing, the inorganic nitrogen source can be synchronously supplemented and added in the water supplementing process, the diversity of the nitrogen source can be further ensured, and the full utilization of the nitrogen source by microorganisms can be facilitated through the matched use of various nitrogen sources.

Further, in the step II, the pile turning times in the one-time decomposition fermentation process are 3-4 times, and the stirring is started when the temperature of the piled materials is not changed any more during each pile turning.

In the technical scheme, the air environment of the compost can be improved by turning the compost, the waste gas generated when the microorganisms decompose the compost is discharged, and sufficient oxygen is supplemented into the compost, so that the growth activity of aerobic beneficial microorganisms is facilitated, and the quality of the compost is further ensured; in addition, the stack can be uniformly mixed by turning the stack, and the uniform fermentation of the stack can be ensured.

Further, in the step II, calcium superphosphate, urea and gypsum are added when the pile is turned for the first time; limestone and bactericide are added during the last pile turning.

In the technical scheme, the inorganic nitrogen source is supplemented when the pile is turned for the first time, the nitrogen source can be ensured to have sufficient time to exert the effect, and the bactericide is added when the pile is turned for the last time, so that the bactericide can be prevented from influencing the normal decomposition process of beneficial microorganisms.

Further, in the step II, the moisture content of the stack is adjusted during stack turning, and air holes are reserved on the stack after the stack turning is finished.

In the technical scheme, when the humidity of the compost is found to be too low during turning, the moisture content is adjusted to ensure the humidification of the compost, so that the activity of microorganisms and the decomposition effect of the compost are ensured; the ventilation holes reserved in the compost can further ensure that the compost has certain ventilation property, so that enough oxygen can be provided in the composting and decomposing process, and the aerobic bacteria can be decomposed from the compost to form micromolecular nutrients favorable for the growth of the edible fungi.

Further, in the step II, after the pile is built, a straw curtain or non-woven fabric is covered on the periphery of the pile.

In the technical scheme, the grass curtain or the non-woven fabric is covered on the periphery of the compost, so that good heat preservation and moisture preservation effects can be achieved, and the fermentation of the compost is facilitated.

Further, in the step II, the standards of the pre-fermentation end are that the pH value of the stockpile reaches 7.2-7.5 and the nitrogen content reaches 1.8% -2.2%.

In the technical scheme, timely evaluation can be carried out on the terminal point of primary fermentation through the indexes, and the nutrient substances in the culture material are prevented from being greatly consumed due to over-mature fermentation, so that the fertilizer efficiency of the culture material can be ensured.

Further, in step III, the steam supply amount of the mobile temperature rising equipment can be adjusted and set.

In the technical scheme, the culture material can be subjected to multiple processes of heating up, cooling down, humidifying and dehumidifying in the fermentation process, and the air supply amount of the movable heating equipment is adjusted, so that the operation is convenient, the culture material fermentation condition can be adjusted quickly, the fermentation effect of the culture material is ensured, and the fermentation period of the culture material is shortened.

Further, in the step III, the heating mode of the movable temperature rising equipment is electric heating or stove heating, and the movable temperature rising equipment is arranged outside the mushroom house.

In the technical scheme, the electric heating operation is convenient and quick, and only power supply is needed; the limitation of whether the electric stove is electrified or not is broken through the heating of the stove, the limitation of fuel in the stove is avoided, agricultural wastes generated in the planting process of edible fungi can be recycled, and good ecological cycle is realized. By arranging the heating equipment outside the mushroom house, the influence on the fermentation environment in the mushroom house can be avoided when water or steam is required to be added to the mushroom house.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a mobile temperature increasing apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a mobile temperature increasing apparatus according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a specific structure of the regulating box in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the steam box comprises a steam box 1, a steam pipe 2, an adjusting box 3, a steam port 4, an adjusting block 5, an adjusting screw rod 6, a moving block 7, an adjusting rod 8, a guide rod 9, a heating cavity 10, a heat conducting bead 11, a communicating pipe 12, a scale mark 13, a heat insulating layer 14, a roller 15, a heating mechanism 16, a lifting mechanism 17, a heat insulating sleeve 18, a smoke exhaust channel 19, a baffle plate 20 and a steam outlet 21.

Example 1

The method for fermenting the edible fungus culture material by adopting the secondary fermentation process of the culture material comprises the following specific steps:

step I: preparing a culture material, wherein the raw materials of the culture material comprise 2000kg of wheat straw, 250kg of cake meal, 10kg of animal manure, 75kg of calcium superphosphate, 30kg of urea, 75kg of gypsum, 75kg of limestone and 10kg of bactericide, the wheat straw is required to be dried and not mildewed, and the animal manure needs to be collected, dried in the sun and crushed in advance before use and then stored for later use (when in actual batching, the raw materials can be properly adjusted according to actual requirements);

(2) building a pile: selecting a place with higher topography and close to a mushroom house, and disinfecting the place with 5% lime water before stacking; during pile building, alternately stacking forage and animal manure layer by layer to prepare a pile, wherein the forage is laid at the bottom layer firstly to ensure that the bottom has a certain ventilation effect, and water is supplemented to the forage from the fourth layer to ensure that the water content of the forage is 68%, and urea or calcium superphosphate with a certain concentration is dissolved in water in the water supplementing process to realize the effect of supplementing an inorganic nitrogen source to the forage simultaneously in the water supplementing process; after stacking, the thickness of the stacking material is ensured to be 50cm, the width of the stacking material is ensured to be 115cm, and a straw curtain or non-woven fabric is covered on the periphery of the stacking material so as to achieve the effects of heat preservation and moisture preservation;

(3) primary fermentation and decomposition: composting and decomposing the compost, jacking up the compost in the decomposing process for turning the compost, wherein the number of times of turning the compost is three, turning and stirring are started when the temperature of the compost does not change any more during turning the compost every time, the moisture content of the compost is adjusted during turning the compost (in a mode of spraying water into the compost), the situation that the bottom of the compost is slightly overflowed after building the compost is suitable, and air holes are reserved on the compost after turning the compost is finished; when the pile is turned for the first time, adding calcium superphosphate, urea and gypsum (the calcium superphosphate, the urea and the gypsum are added after being dissolved, and solid can not be directly added); adding limestone and bactericide during the last turning, and completing the primary fermentation to obtain primary fermentation material when the pH value of the stockpile reaches 7.2-7.5 and the nitrogen content reaches 1.8% -2.2%;

step III: after-fermentation, the pre-fermentation material is transferred into a mushroom house while being hot, the after-fermentation is carried out, a vent is arranged on the mushroom house, a mobile warming device is erected outside the mushroom house, the steam supply of the mobile warming device can be adjusted, and the after-fermentation comprises the following steps:

(2) and (3) secondary heating pasteurization stage: supplying steam to the mushroom house by adopting a movable heating device for secondary heating, keeping the temperature for 8h when the temperature of the mushroom house reaches 62-64 ℃, stopping supplying the steam, sealing the mushroom house, keeping the temperature for 4h when the central temperature of the primary fermentation material reaches 72-75 ℃, and opening a ventilation opening for ventilation;

(3) temperature control decomposition stage: after pasteurization, opening a door of the mushroom house when the temperature of the mushroom house is reduced to 42-45 ℃, increasing the ventilation volume, and keeping the temperature of the mushroom house at 30 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 8-12h when the temperature of the materials is reduced to 30 ℃ to obtain the compost.

The mobile temperature increasing apparatus used in this embodiment includes a steam generating mechanism and a heating mechanism 16 for heating the steam generating mechanism.

The heating mechanism 16 includes a heating base, the heating base in this embodiment is an electric heating base, the structure and the heating principle are the heating principle of the induction cooker in the prior art, and the heating can be realized by plugging a power-on switch, which is not described herein again. The bottom of the heating base is rotatably connected with four rollers 15.

Steam generation mechanism is including placing steam chest 1 on the heating base, water is equipped with in steam chest 1's inside, steam chest 1's bottom is stainless steel material, the lower part rigid coupling of steam chest 1's inside has a heating chamber 10, the inner wall packing that heats chamber 10 has a plurality of heat conduction pearls 11, heat conduction pearl 11 in this embodiment is the heat conduction steel ball, the heat conduction effect of heat conduction steel ball is good, can be with the quick conduction of the heat of steam chest 1 bottom, and then increase the heating area when heating water, steam chest 1's outer wall bonds and has insulating layer 14, insulating layer 14 in this embodiment is the heat insulating mattress. The left side wall of steam box 1 is connected with L-shaped communicating pipe 12, the top end of communicating pipe 12 is provided with a water filling port, and communicating pipe 12 is marked with scale marks 13 and warning marks in advance.

The top intercommunication of steam chest 1 has three steam pipes 2, and steam pipe 2 is the plastic hose, and steam pipe 2 sets up longer to for subsequent removal provides the removal allowance, the one end intercommunication that steam chest 1 was kept away from to steam pipe 2 has the adjustment mechanism who is used for adjusting steam flow. Referring to fig. 3, the adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting box 3, the right ends of the three steam pipes 2 are all communicated with the left side of the steam box 1, a vertical connecting rod is fixedly connected in the adjusting box 3, a vertical supporting plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the connecting rod, and a steam outlet 21 is formed in the supporting plate. Inclined baffles 20 are fixedly connected between the upper end and the lower end of the supporting plate and the upper side wall and the lower side wall of the adjusting box 3, and the inclined baffles 20 and the supporting plate jointly form a steam port 4 with the caliber gradually increasing from left to right.

A transverse adjusting screw rod 6 is rotatably connected in the adjusting box 3, the left end of the adjusting screw rod 6 penetrates through the adjusting box 3 and is coaxially and fixedly connected with an adjusting disc, and the right end of the adjusting screw rod 6 penetrates through the supporting plate and is sleeved with a moving block 7 in threaded connection with the supporting plate. The upper portion and the lower part of backup pad all the rigid coupling have from a left side guide arm 9 that leans out the setting to the right side respectively, and the right-hand member of guide arm 9 rigid coupling is on the upper and lower both sides wall of regulating box 3 respectively, and guide arm 9 is on a parallel with corresponding baffle 20 respectively. The guide rods 9 are all sleeved with adjusting blocks 5 which are in sliding connection with the guide rods, the adjusting blocks 5 are wedge-shaped blocks, and wedge-shaped surfaces of the adjusting blocks 5 are respectively in sliding connection with the baffle 20. The vertical adjusting rod 8 is fixedly connected to the moving block 7, the upper end and the lower end of the adjusting rod 8 are respectively connected to the adjusting blocks 5 in a vertical sliding mode, when the two adjusting blocks 5 move leftwards, the two adjusting blocks 5 can abut against the moving block 7, and sealing of the steam port 4 is achieved.

The below of regulating box 3 is provided with elevating system 17 that is used for adjusting the height of regulating box 3, and elevating system 17 includes lifting base, and the rigid coupling has vertical telescopic link on the lifting base, and the telescopic link in this embodiment is the electric telescopic handle among the prior art, and lifting base's bottom also rotates and is connected with four gyro wheels 15.

The specific implementation process is as follows: in the culture material fermentation process of domestic fungus, when needs carry out temperature humidity control to the mushroom room, at first through communicating pipe 12 to steam box 1 internal water injection, because communicating pipe 12 is with adjusting tank 3 intercommunication, the liquid level height in communicating pipe 12 is the liquid level height in adjusting tank 3 promptly, can be accurate through the scale mark 13 on communicating pipe 12 knows the water yield in adjusting tank 3, and operating personnel can predict the time that can use through the water yield, adds water for the following replenishment and provides the reference.

Then to heating the base circular telegram, and open the switch, make the heating base carry out the direct heating to steam chest 1's bottom, because steam chest 1's lower part is provided with heating chamber 10 and heat conduction pearl 11, make the heating base can carry out the direct heating to the heat conduction pearl 11 of bottom, and utilize the quick hot conductive performance of heat conduction pearl 11, can improve the thermal efficiency, although still be steam chest 1's basal area with the area of 16 direct contact of heating mechanism, but actual heat transfer is realized through whole heating chamber 10, the heat conduction area of the water of heat source and steam chest 1 inside has been increased, the rate of improvement to the water heating, make the quick vapor that produces of the water in the steam chest 1. The provision of the insulating layer 14 enables on the one hand as much heat as possible to be used for the production of steam; on the other hand still has thermal-insulated effect, can avoid appearing personnel mistake and touch steam chest 1 and cause the hidden danger problem of scald.

The height of the lifting mechanism 17 is adjusted by an operator according to the height of the ventilation opening in the mushroom house, so that the adjusting box 3 at the top end of the lifting mechanism 17 is opposite to the ventilation opening. The vapor that produces in the steam chest 1 can come up and flow to the regulating box 3 along steam pipe 2 in, finally flow into the mushroom room from the steam outlet 21 of regulating box 3 and the vent in mushroom room, and the heat that the vapor has can realize the regulation to temperature in the mushroom room, and vapor can also realize the regulation to humidity in the mushroom room simultaneously, plays the dual effect of humidifying that heats.

After the water vapor is introduced for a certain time, the introduction amount of the water vapor needs to be suspended or slowed down after the temperature and the humidity in the mushroom house reach the preset requirements. At this moment, usable elevating system 17 of operating personnel will adjust box 3 downstream, then positive rotation accommodate the lead screw 6, accommodate the lead screw 6 can drive the movable block 7 of threaded connection with it and remove from the right side to the left at the rotation in-process, and then drive regulating block 5 through adjusting pole 8 and remove from the right side to the left along guide arm 9, because guide arm 9 is the slope setting, when regulating block 5 removes from the right side to the left along guide arm 9, distance between two regulating blocks 5 can reduce gradually, make two regulating blocks 5 shutoff steam port 4 gradually, the bore of steam port 4 reduces gradually. When the upper and lower adjusting blocks 5 are abutted against the moving block 7, the steam port 4 is completely blocked, and the steam is stopped from being introduced into the mushroom house. An operator can rotate the adjusting screw rod 6 according to actual needs to further realize the movement of the positions of the adjusting blocks 5, the smaller the distance between the two adjusting blocks 5 is, the less the amount of steam introduced into the mushroom house in unit time is.

When steam needs to be introduced into the mushroom house again or the steam port 4 needs to be enlarged, the adjusting screw rod 6 is rotated reversely. When the operator observes from communication pipe 12 that the water level in steam box 1 has reached the warning mark of communication pipe 12, water may be replenished from the water filling port of communication pipe 12. According to the technical scheme, the steam inlet amount can be adjusted at any time according to different requirements in the fermentation process of the culture material, the fermentation environment condition in the fermentation process can be flexibly adjusted, and the operation is convenient.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 only in that: in this embodiment, the heating mechanism 16 is a stove heating mechanism 16, the stove heating mechanism 16 includes a stove with a filling opening and a vertical smoke exhaust channel 19 for exhausting smoke to the stove, a heat insulating sleeve 18 is sleeved outside the steam pipe 2, and the heat insulating sleeve 18 penetrates through the smoke exhaust channel 19 of the stove heating mechanism 16.

In the embodiment, the limitation of whether the electric stove is powered on or not is broken through the stove for heating, the limitation of fuel in the stove is avoided, agricultural wastes generated in the edible fungus planting process can be recycled, and good ecological cycle is realized. The heat insulation sleeve 18 outside the steam pipe 2 can carry out high temperature on the steam pipe 2, and the heat insulation sleeve 18 can avoid condensation liquefaction caused by heat exchange between steam and external air due to the fact that the temperature is high when the steam enters the steam pipe 2; in addition, the flue gas that discharges in the smoke exhaust passage 19 of kitchen range also carries a large amount of waste heat, through running through smoke exhaust passage 19 with insulation cover 18 and setting up, can make this partial waste heat keep warm to insulation cover 18 outside, has realized the reuse of waste heat.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge in the art of designing and/or characterizing particular aspects and/or features is not described in any greater detail herein. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. The secondary fermentation process of the compost is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The secondary fermentation process of compost according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step II, during stacking, the thickness of the stacking material is 30-50cm, the width of the stacking material is 75-115cm, water is supplemented to the forage from the fourth layer, and the water content of the forage is guaranteed to be 65-70%.

3. The secondary fermentation process of compost according to claim 2, characterized in that: and in the water replenishing process, an inorganic nitrogen source is replenished into the forage.

4. The secondary fermentation process of compost according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step II, the pile turning times in the one-time decomposition fermentation process are 3-4 times, and the stirring is started when the temperature of the piled materials is not changed any more during each pile turning.

5. The secondary fermentation process of compost according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the step II, calcium superphosphate, urea and gypsum are added during the first pile turning; limestone and bactericide are added during the last pile turning.

6. The secondary fermentation process of compost according to claim 5, characterized in that: and step II, adjusting the moisture content of the stack during stack turning, and reserving air holes on the stack after the stack turning is finished.

7. The secondary fermentation process of compost according to claim 6, characterized in that: and step II, after piling, covering a straw curtain or non-woven fabric on the periphery of the piled material.

8. The secondary fermentation process of compost according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step II, the standard of the end of the primary fermentation is that the pH value of the stockpile reaches 7.2-7.5, and the nitrogen content reaches 1.8% -2.2%.

9. The secondary fermentation process of compost according to claim 8, characterized in that: and step III, adjusting the steam supply quantity of the movable temperature rise equipment.

10. The secondary fermentation process of compost according to claim 9, characterized in that: and step III, the heating mode of the movable temperature rising equipment is electric heating or stove heating, and the movable temperature rising equipment is arranged outside the mushroom house.