CN110981614A - Organic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Organic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110981614A CN110981614A CN201911373792.6A CN201911373792A CN110981614A CN 110981614 A CN110981614 A CN 110981614A CN 201911373792 A CN201911373792 A CN 201911373792A CN 110981614 A CN110981614 A CN 110981614A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an organic compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The organic compound fertilizer comprises traditional Chinese medicine residues, rhizoma dioscoreae septemlobae, Fraxinus acuminata bark, borax, lapis Chloriti, silicate bacterial fertilizer, plant ash, pumice powder, cellulose degradation bacterial colony, polydimethylsiloxane, water-soluble silicone oil, dicyandiamide and water; the base fertilizer for cotton planting disclosed by the invention degrades the traditional Chinese medicine residues through cellulose degradation bacterial colonies, so that the utilization rate of the traditional Chinese medicine residues is improved, the bacterial colonies can also have a killing effect on various plant pathogenic bacteria and pests, the nitrogen content of soil can be improved, and the disease resistance of plants is improved. The dioscin in from rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae and scopoletin in Fraxinus acutangula bark are used to further improve pesticidal effect. The lapis Chloriti contains various trace elements beneficial to plants, and is converted into substances capable of being absorbed by crops through the decomposition of silicate bacteria; the pumice plays a role in absorbing ammonia and fixing nitrogen, and the dicyandiamide further reduces the loss of nitrogen and improves the use efficiency of the fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fertilizers, in particular to an organic compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The organic compound fertilizer refers to various animals, plants and the like, after fermentation and decomposition for a certain period, in order to keep the nutrient balance of the fertilizer, other trace elements are added to prepare the compound fertilizer, the traditional Chinese medicine residues are residues left after decoction of traditional Chinese medicines, and because the history of the traditional Chinese medicine is long and the treatment by using the traditional Chinese medicines is common, a large amount of traditional Chinese medicine residues can be generated, the traditional Chinese medicine residues are treated as wastes, and in order to change the traditional Chinese medicine residues into valuables, related technologies are developed in the fertilizer field in recent years. Because the components of the decoction dregs are complex, and the decoction dregs are directly used as the fertilizer, not only are insects easily bred, but also the excessive decoction dregs can cause adverse effects on plants, so that the problem of how to bring the traditional Chinese medicine dregs into full play in the field of fertilizers becomes a difficult problem. China is a big cotton-producing country, particularly in Xinjiang, the planting area is wide, the variety is large, the quantity of required fertilizers is huge, particularly, cotton is easily affected by plant diseases and insect pests in the growth process, the yield is reduced, how to apply the traditional Chinese medicine residues in the field of cotton planting, and meanwhile, the improvement of the disease resistance and insect pest resistance of the cotton becomes the problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an organic compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and adopts the technical scheme that the organic compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 10-15 parts of rhizoma dioscoreae septemlobae, 5-10 parts of Fraxinus elaphus bark, 10-20 parts of borax, 10-15 parts of lapis chlorite, 3-8 parts of silicate bacterial fertilizer, 20-30 parts of plant ash, 5-10 parts of pumice powder, 0.5-1 part of cellulose degradation colony, 0.2-0.5 part of polydimethylsiloxane, 6-10 parts of water-soluble silicone oil, 1-2 parts of dicyandiamide and 30-50 parts of water.
Further, the traditional Chinese medicine residue is one or more of ginseng, pseudo-ginseng, radix puerariae and astragalus membranaceus residue.
Further, the lapis chlorite is 100-150 mesh powder.
Furthermore, the cellulose degradation bacterial colony is one or more of trichoderma viride, bacillus, pseudomonas, streptomycete and phosphate solubilizing bacteria.
A preparation method of an organic compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step.1, soaking the Chinese medicine residues in clear water for 8 hours, draining, drying, grinding to 100-mesh powder with the water content of less than 4 percent, and uniformly mixing with plant ash;
step.2, adding 0.3 times of water and cellulose into the mixture to degrade bacterial colonies, placing the mixture into a fermentation cylinder, and fermenting for 21 days in an environment with the temperature of 33.5-38 ℃ and the humidity of 90% to obtain a fermented product A;
step.3, taking fresh rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae and Fraxinus acutangulus bark, cleaning, grinding, adding 5 times of water, stirring for 10min, and taking supernatant for later use;
step.4, adding polydimethylsiloxane, water-soluble silicone oil and dicyandiamide into water, stirring to form suspension, mixing and stirring borax, lapis Chloriti powder, pumice powder and fermentation product A with the suspension, adding the supernatant and silicate bacterial fertilizer during stirring, and stirring for 0.5-1 h;
and step 5, granulating the stirred product, drying and packaging.
The residue is residue obtained by decocting Chinese medicinal materials, usually Chinese medicinal materials are plant tissues including stems, leaves, flowers, and bark, etc., the medicinal properties of the Chinese medicinal materials are released in the decoction, and the residue is mostly fibrous tissue containing abundant organic substances and fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc. required by plant growth.
Rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae, also known as rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae, herba dustpan, herba Asteris Lasiocladi, rhizoma Dioscoreae, and rhizoma Cibotii, which are the rhizome of Dioscorea Spinosa or Dioscorea Fozhouensis of Dioscoreaceae. The chemical components of the medicine comprise dioscin, slender dioscin and the like, and the dioscin has the functions of killing insects and resisting trichophyton mentagrophytes.
Borax, a powdery substance containing oxygen, sodium, boron and water molecules, is commonly used for improving soil components, supplementing boron elements, removing weed seeds contained in soil and keeping the rats away from crops.
Bark of Fraxinus elaphus Linnaeus belonging to family Oleaceae. The bark of Fraxinus acutangulus contains aesculin, scopoletin, 2, 6-dimethoxy benzoquinone and trace amount of N-phenyl-2-naphthalene, wherein the scopoletin is also named as scopoletin lactone, and has effect in killing cotton pest Tetranychus cinnabarinus.
Lapis Chloriti, mainly biotite schist, mainly contains silicate of potassium, magnesium, iron, aluminum, and also contains titanium, calcium, manganese, etc.
On one hand, the silicate bacteria can dissolve insoluble potassium and phosphorus of minerals such as feldspar containing potassium, mica, apatite, ground phosphate rock and the like in soil into crops and thalli to be utilized due to organic acid substances generated by growth and metabolism of the silicate bacteria, and the potassium rich in the thalli is absorbed by the crops after the bacteria die; on the other hand, the produced hormone, amino acid, polysaccharide and other substances promote the growth of crops. Meanwhile, bacteria are propagated in the soil to inhibit the growth of other pathogenic bacteria.
Pumice, also called volcanic rock, is a vitreous lava with dense air holes formed by rapid escape and expansion of internal gas due to rapid reduction of pressure after rapid cooling of magma in volcanic eruption, is named as a light weight lava capable of floating on water, contains dozens of mineral substances and trace elements such as sodium, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, calcium, titanium, manganese, iron, nickel, cobalt and molybdenum, and has the functions of absorbing ammonia and fixing nitrogen when used as a fertilizer, thereby slowing down the loss of nitrogen fertilizer in the fertilizer.
The cellulose degradation bacterial colony comprises one or more of trichoderma viride, bacillus, pseudomonas, streptomyces and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, and cellulase released by the trichoderma viride can improve the utilization rate of medicine residues; the bacillus has a killing effect on various plant pathogenic bacteria and pests, and can also improve the nitrogen content of soil; the pseudomonas can improve the disease resistance of the plant; the streptomyces has good inhibition effect on cotton verticillium wilt; the phosphorus-dissolving bacteria can convert the phosphide which is not utilized by plants in the soil into soluble phosphide.
The polydimethylsiloxane can eliminate air bubbles generated in the mixing process of the solution, so that all components in the fertilizer are uniformly mixed, and the fertilizer is prevented from caking.
The dicyandiamide can control the activity of nitrobacteria, regulate the conversion speed of the nitrogen fertilizer in soil, reduce the loss of nitrogen and improve the use efficiency of the fertilizer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the traditional Chinese medicine dregs are degraded through cellulose degradation bacterial colonies, so that the utilization rate of the dregs is improved, the bacterial colonies can kill various plant pathogenic bacteria and pests, the nitrogen content of soil can be improved, and the disease resistance of plants is improved. The dioscin in from rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae and scopoletin in Fraxinus acutangula bark are used to further improve pesticidal effect. The lapis Chloriti contains various trace elements beneficial to plants, and is converted into substances capable of being absorbed by crops through the decomposition of silicate bacteria; the pumice in the fertilizer plays a role in absorbing ammonia and fixing nitrogen, and the dicyandiamide further reduces the loss of nitrogen and improves the use efficiency of the fertilizer. The invention is mainly used as a base fertilizer for cotton planting, 25-50 kg per mu can improve the cotton yield by 7-12%, and the mite strain rate is lower than 0.1%.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
the technical scheme is that the organic compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 127 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 15 parts of rhizoma dioscoreae septemlobae, 5 parts of acer negundo bark, 10 parts of borax, 10 parts of lapis chlorite, 3 parts of silicate bacterial fertilizer, 21 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of pumice powder, 0.5 part of cellulose degradation bacterial colony, 0.2 part of polydimethylsiloxane, 10 parts of water-soluble silicone oil, 1 part of dicyandiamide and 30 parts of water.
Further, the traditional Chinese medicine residues are ginseng, kudzuvine root and astragalus root residues.
Further, the lapis Chloriti is in the form of powder of 100 meshes.
Furthermore, the cellulose degradation bacterial colony is trichoderma viride, bacillus, pseudomonas and streptomyces.
A preparation method of an organic compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step.1, soaking the Chinese medicine residues in clear water for 8 hours, draining, drying, grinding to 100-mesh powder with the water content of less than 4 percent, and uniformly mixing with plant ash;
step.2, adding 0.3 times of water and cellulose into the mixture to degrade bacterial colonies, placing the mixture into a fermentation cylinder, and fermenting for 21 days in an environment with the temperature of 33.5-38 ℃ and the humidity of 90% to obtain a fermented product A;
step.3, taking fresh rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae and Fraxinus acutangulus bark, cleaning, grinding, adding 5 times of water, stirring for 10min, and taking supernatant for later use;
step.4, adding polydimethylsiloxane, water-soluble silicone oil and dicyandiamide into water, stirring to form suspension, mixing and stirring borax, lapis Chloriti powder, pumice powder and fermentation product A with the suspension, adding the supernatant and silicate bacterial fertilizer during stirring, and stirring for 0.5 h;
and step 5, granulating the stirred product, drying and packaging.
Example 2
The technical scheme is that the organic compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 15 parts of rhizoma dioscoreae septemlobae, 10 parts of acer negundo bark, 20 parts of borax, 15 parts of lapis chlorite, 8 parts of silicate bacterial fertilizer, 30 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of pumice powder, 0.8 part of cellulose degradation bacterial colony, 0.5 part of polydimethylsiloxane, 10 parts of water-soluble silicone oil, 2 parts of dicyandiamide and 50 parts of water.
Further, the traditional Chinese medicine residues are pseudo-ginseng, kudzuvine root and astragalus root residues.
Further, the lapis Chloriti is 120-mesh powder.
Furthermore, the cellulose degradation bacterial colony is trichoderma viride, bacillus and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria.
A preparation method of an organic compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step.1, soaking the Chinese medicine residues in clear water for 8 hours, draining, drying, grinding to 100-mesh powder with the water content of less than 4 percent, and uniformly mixing with plant ash;
step.2, adding 0.3 times of water and cellulose into the mixture to degrade bacterial colonies, placing the mixture into a fermentation cylinder, and fermenting for 21 days in an environment with the temperature of 33.5-38 ℃ and the humidity of 90% to obtain a fermented product A;
step.3, taking fresh rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae and Fraxinus acutangulus bark, cleaning, grinding, adding 5 times of water, stirring for 10min, and taking supernatant for later use;
step.4, adding polydimethylsiloxane, water-soluble silicone oil and dicyandiamide into water, stirring to form suspension, mixing and stirring borax, lapis Chloriti powder, pumice powder and fermentation product A with the suspension, adding the supernatant and silicate bacterial fertilizer during stirring, and stirring for 1 h;
and step 5, granulating the stirred product, drying and packaging.
Example 3
The technical scheme is that the organic compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 140 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 14 parts of rhizoma dioscoreae septemlobae, 6 parts of acer negundo bark, 18 parts of borax, 11 parts of lapis chlorite, 7 parts of silicate bacterial fertilizer, 26 parts of plant ash, 10 parts of pumice powder, 1 part of cellulose degradation bacterial colony, 0.5 part of polydimethylsiloxane, 7 parts of water-soluble silicone oil, 2 parts of dicyandiamide and 45 parts of water.
Further, the traditional Chinese medicine residues are ginseng, pseudo-ginseng, radix puerariae and astragalus membranaceus residues.
Further, the lapis Chloriti is 150-mesh powder.
Further, the cellulose degradation bacterial colony is trichoderma viride, bacillus and streptomyces.
A preparation method of an organic compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step.1, soaking the Chinese medicine residues in clear water for 8 hours, draining, drying, grinding to 100-mesh powder with the water content of less than 4 percent, and uniformly mixing with plant ash;
step.2, adding 0.3 times of water and cellulose into the mixture to degrade bacterial colonies, placing the mixture into a fermentation cylinder, and fermenting for 21 days in an environment with the temperature of 33.5-38 ℃ and the humidity of 90% to obtain a fermented product A;
step.3, taking fresh rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae and Fraxinus acutangulus bark, cleaning, grinding, adding 5 times of water, stirring for 10min, and taking supernatant for later use;
step.4, adding polydimethylsiloxane, water-soluble silicone oil and dicyandiamide into water, stirring to form suspension, mixing and stirring borax, lapis Chloriti powder, pumice powder and fermentation product A with the suspension, adding the supernatant and silicate bacterial fertilizer during stirring, and stirring for 0.5-1 h;
and step 5, granulating the stirred product, drying and packaging.
Selecting a cotton national audit 7886 as a test variety, planting 4 groups in Aksu area, wherein the number of each group is 500 +/-10, 25 kg of the compound fertilizer of the 3 embodiments is applied to 3 groups respectively, measuring the pH value of the soil before fertilization, and adjusting the pH value of the soil to 6.2-7.8 by using quick lime; the rest group is a control group, and 10 kg of urea, 8 kg of ammonium phosphate and 5 kg of potash fertilizer are applied to the control group. 3, irrigating water and preparing soil in the last ten days of month, 4, sowing in the last ten days of month, wherein the seedling emergence period is 11 +/-1, the average seedling emergence rate is 90.76%, the characters of the experimental group and the control group are shown in the table 1, and the yield and the pest and disease resistance of the experimental group and the control group are shown in the table 2.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes and modifications without inventive changes may be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An organic compound fertilizer is characterized in that: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 10-15 parts of rhizoma dioscoreae septemlobae, 5-10 parts of Fraxinus elaphus bark, 10-20 parts of borax, 10-15 parts of lapis chlorite, 3-8 parts of silicate bacterial fertilizer, 20-30 parts of plant ash, 5-10 parts of pumice powder, 0.5-1 part of cellulose degradation colony, 0.2-0.5 part of polydimethylsiloxane, 6-10 parts of water-soluble silicone oil, 1-2 parts of dicyandiamide and 30-50 parts of water.
2. The organic compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the Chinese medicinal residue is one or more of Ginseng radix, Notoginseng radix, radix Puerariae, and radix astragali residue.
3. The organic compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lapis Chloriti is powder of 100-one and 150 meshes.
4. The organic compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cellulose degradation bacterial colony is one or more of trichoderma viride, bacillus, pseudomonas, streptomycete and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria.
5. A preparation method of an organic compound fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step.1, soaking the Chinese medicine residues in clear water for 8 hours, draining, drying, grinding to 100-mesh powder with the water content of less than 4 percent, and uniformly mixing with plant ash;
step.2, adding 0.3 times of water and cellulose into the mixture to degrade bacterial colonies, placing the mixture into a fermentation cylinder, and fermenting for 21 days in an environment with the temperature of 33.5-38 ℃ and the humidity of 90% to obtain a fermented product A;
step.3, taking fresh rhizoma Dioscoreae Septemlobae and Fraxinus acutangulus bark, cleaning, grinding, adding 5 times of water, stirring for 10min, and taking supernatant for later use;
step.4, adding polydimethylsiloxane, water-soluble silicone oil and dicyandiamide into water, stirring to form suspension, mixing and stirring borax, lapis Chloriti powder, pumice powder and fermentation product A with the suspension, adding the supernatant and silicate bacterial fertilizer during stirring, and stirring for 0.5-1 h;
and step 5, granulating the stirred product, drying and packaging.
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