CN110972857A - Seedling raising method for improving emergence rate of radix bupleuri - Google Patents
Seedling raising method for improving emergence rate of radix bupleuri Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 25
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004343 Calcium peroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 claims description 10
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- LHJQIRIGXXHNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium peroxide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][O-] LHJQIRIGXXHNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019402 calcium peroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000246044 Sophora flavescens Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000245665 Taraxacum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005187 Taraxacum officinale ssp. officinale Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960002645 boric acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001781 ferrous sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002509 fulvic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940095100 fulvic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- PWVXXGRKLHYWKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[2-(benzenesulfonyl)ethyl]-3-[(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methyl]-1h-indole Chemical compound CN1CCCC1CC(C1=C2)=CNC1=CC=C2CCS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PWVXXGRKLHYWKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000213015 Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Species 0.000 description 2
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- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000208173 Apiaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004035 Cryptotaenia japonica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000019255 Menstrual disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010038084 Rectocele Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000007641 Trefoil Factors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 235000015724 Trifolium pratense Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010046814 Uterine prolapse Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000232 gallbladder Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 201000009240 nasopharyngitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling raising method for improving the emergence rate of radix bupleuri, belonging to the field of traditional Chinese medicinal material breeding and cultivation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicinal material breeding and cultivation, and particularly relates to a seedling raising method for improving the emergence rate of radix bupleuri.
Background
The medicinal part of bupleuri radix is dried root of Bupleurum scorzonerifolium or Bupleurum scorzonerifolium of Umbelliferae. Collected in spring and autumn, removed stems and leaves and silt, and dried. Bupleuri radix is a commonly used exterior-releasing drug, bitter in nature and slightly cold in nature, and enters liver and gallbladder meridians; has the effects of harmonizing exterior and interior, soothing liver and invigorating yang; can be used for treating common cold, fever, malaria, stagnation of qi due to depression of the liver, distending pain of chest and hypochondrium, rectocele, uterine prolapse, and menoxenia.
In recent years, with the rapid development of the market of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, the demand of radix bupleuri is increasing day by day, and due to the fact that wild radix bupleuri is harvested in large quantities, wild resources are reduced sharply, social requirements cannot be met, and artificial planting of radix bupleuri is a focus. But the field direct seeding seedling rate of bupleurum is only 3%. And the seedlings can emerge regularly after the bupleurum is directly sown for half a month, the seedlings grow slowly in the seedling stage, and after one month, the seedlings can reach the trefoil stage so as to enter the vigorous growth stage. The growth is slow from sowing to three leaves, so that the weeds in the field are more and the water and soil loss is serious. The problem of low emergence rate of bupleurum seriously hinders the popularization and development of bupleurum planting industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a seedling raising method for improving the emergence rate of bupleurum, which can improve the germination rate and emergence regularity of bupleurum seeds.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the seedling raising method for improving the emergence rate of the bupleurum comprises the following specific steps:
⑴ preprocessing, namely, putting the bupleurum seeds harvested in the last year into a potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.005-0.01% at the temperature of 35-40 ℃ for 3-4 h;
⑵ sand storage treatment, namely taking river sand, adding 1000 times of vinegar liquid diluted by water by 100 times, controlling the water content of the uniformly mixed wet river sand to be 60-65%, mixing the bupleurum seeds treated in the step ⑴ and the wet river sand according to the weight ratio of 1:3-5, and then placing the mixture in an environment of 15-25 ℃ for pregermination for 8-10 d;
⑶ coating by putting radix bupleuri seed into pill coating machine, and coating with radix bupleuri seed pelleting agent;
⑷ seedling raising in greenhouse, namely, dibbling the bupleurum seeds obtained by the treatment in the step ⑶ into seedling raising pots filled with seedling raising matrix, sowing 1-3 seeds in each seedling raising pot, placing the seedling raising pots in a greenhouse for seedling raising, controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 20-25 ℃ until the seedlings grow to be 6-8cm in height, starting to apply the nutrient solution to roots after dibbling and seedling emergence, applying the nutrient solution to the roots once every three days, and applying the nutrient solution to the roots for 9:00-10:00 each time;
⑸ transplanting in field, namely dipping the radix bupleuri seedlings cultivated in step ⑷ in root, transplanting in field, covering with black mulching film after transplanting, and ensuring soil to be moist, wherein the root dipping treatment is to dip the root for 5-15min after preparing a mixed solution by 0.5-0.7g/L of rooting powder solution and 0.3-0.5g/L of chlormequat chloride solution according to a volume ratio of 1: 1.
Further, the rotating speed of the pill coating machine is controlled to be 20-30 r/min.
Further, the formula of the bupleurum seed pelleting agent comprises, by weight, 40-60 parts of biochar, 0.8-1 part of trace elements, 0.01-0.03 part of gibberellin, 3-5 parts of calcium peroxide, 5-8 parts of sodium alginate, 2-4 parts of sophora flavescens powder, 20-25 parts of bentonite, 7-11 parts of polyethylene glycol, 2-3 parts of N-long-chain acyl alkylidene betaine and 80-120 parts of water, wherein the trace elements are ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and boric acid according to a weight ratio of 1:1:1: 2.
Further, the pelleting coating treatment is that after the bupleurum seeds are added into a pelleting machine, firstly, a proper amount of water is used for dissolving the trace elements and the gibberellin, then the mixture is sprayed on the surfaces of the seeds, then the biochar powder is added, then the mixed powder of the calcium peroxide and the sophora flavescens powder is added while atomizing and spraying water, then, a proper amount of water is used for dissolving the sodium alginate, the polyethylene glycol and the N-long-chain acyl alkylidene betaine, then the mixture is sprayed on the seeds, and simultaneously, the bentonite is added until the fusiform pelleted bupleurum seeds are formed.
Further, the nutrient solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of wood vinegar, 1-2 parts of dandelion leaching liquor, 3-5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1-2 parts of fulvic acid and 100 parts of water and 200 parts of water; the herba Taraxaci leaching solution is prepared by adding herba Taraxaci and water into leaching container at weight ratio of 1:6-10, leaching at 75-90 deg.C for 1-3 hr, filtering and concentrating the obtained liquid to obtain herba Taraxaci leaching solution, and concentrating to 1/4-1/3 of the original solution.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that: the bupleurum seeds are treated before seedling raising, the seed dormancy is broken as soon as possible, the germination rate and the seedling rate are improved, the seedlings emerge orderly, and the seedling emergence period is shortened; dipping roots before transplanting, promoting the growth and development of underground parts, reducing the bolting rate and improving the root yield of the radix bupleuri.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described below by way of specific examples. It is to be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments, and that any changes and/or modifications may be made to the present invention within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The method comprises the steps of collecting bupleurum seeds harvested in the last year, placing the bupleurum seeds in a potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.005% at 35 ℃ for treatment for 4 hours, taking river sand, adding vinegar diluted by 100 times by using water, controlling the water content of the uniformly mixed wet river sand to be 60%, mixing the bupleurum seeds treated in the step ⑴ with the wet river sand according to the weight ratio of 1:3, placing the mixture in an environment with the temperature of 15 ℃ for accelerating germination for 10 days, putting the bupleurum seeds into a pelleting machine, then carrying out pelleting and coating treatment on the bupleurum seeds by using a bupleurum seed pelleting agent, dibbling the obtained bupleurum seeds in seedling pots filled with seedling culture matrixes, placing 1 seedling pot in a greenhouse for seedling culture, controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 20 ℃ until the seedlings grow to 6cm, starting root application of nutrient solution after dibbling and seedling emergence, carrying out root application once for three days, wherein the root application time is 9:00 each time, dipping the obtained bupleurum seedlings in the root culture medium, transplanting the field, covering with a black mulching film after transplanting, and ensuring that the soil is wet, wherein the root dipping solution is 0.5 g/1: 3L of the strong root dipping solution;
the rotating speed of the pill coating machine is controlled at 20 r/min; the formula of the bupleurum seed pelleting agent comprises 40 parts of biochar, 0.8 part of trace elements, 0.01 part of gibberellin, 3 parts of calcium peroxide, 5 parts of sodium alginate, 2 parts of sophora flavescens powder, 20 parts of bentonite, 7 parts of polyethylene glycol, 2 parts of N-long-chain acyl alkylidene betaine and 80 parts of water by weight, wherein the trace elements comprise ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and boric acid by weight ratio of 1:1:1: 2; the pelleting coating treatment is that after the bupleurum seeds are added into a pelleting machine, firstly, a proper amount of water is used for dissolving trace elements and gibberellin, then the solution is sprayed on the surfaces of the seeds, then biochar powder is added, then mixed powder of calcium peroxide and sophora flavescens powder is added while atomizing and spraying water, then, a proper amount of water is used for dissolving sodium alginate, polyethylene glycol and N-long-chain acyl alkylidene betaine, then, the seeds are sprayed, and bentonite is added until the fusiform pelleted bupleurum seeds are formed; the nutrient solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of pyroligneous, 1 part of dandelion leaching liquor, 3 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1 part of fulvic acid and 100 parts of water; the herba Taraxaci leaching solution is prepared by adding herba Taraxaci and water at a weight ratio of 1:6 into a leaching container, leaching at 75 deg.C for 3 hr, filtering the obtained liquid, concentrating to obtain herba Taraxaci leaching solution, and concentrating to 1/4 of the stock solution.
Example 2
Treating the seeds of the bupleurum harvested last year in a potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.01 percent at 40 ℃ for 3 hours; taking river sand, adding vinegar liquid diluted by 1000 times with water, controlling the water content of the uniformly mixed wet river sand to be 65%, mixing the treated bupleurum seeds and the wet river sand according to the weight ratio of 1:5, and then placing the mixture in an environment at 25 ℃ for pregermination for 8 d; putting the bupleurum seeds into a pill coating machine, and then carrying out pill coating treatment on the bupleurum seeds by using a bupleurum seed pill coating agent; dibbling the treated bupleurum seeds into seedling pots filled with seedling culture medium, sowing 3 seedlings in each seedling pot, placing the seedling pots in a greenhouse for seedling culture, and controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 25 ℃ until the seedlings grow to be 8cm in height; after dibbling seedlings, starting root application of nutrient solution, and applying the nutrient solution once every three days, wherein the root application time is 10:00 each time; dipping the cultured bupleurum seedlings in roots, transplanting the treated bupleurum seedlings into a field, covering a black mulching film after transplanting, and ensuring the soil to be moist; the root dipping treatment is to adopt 0.7g/L rooting powder solution and 0.5g/L chlormequat chloride solution to prepare mixed solution according to the volume ratio of 1:1 and then dip the roots for 15 min.
The rotating speed of the pill coating machine is controlled at 30 r/min; the formula of the bupleurum seed pelleting agent is composed of 60 parts of biochar, 1 part of trace elements, 0.03 part of gibberellin, 5 parts of calcium peroxide, 8 parts of sodium alginate, 4 parts of sophora flavescens powder, 25 parts of bentonite, 11 parts of polyethylene glycol, 3 parts of N-long-chain acyl alkylidene betaine and 120 parts of water by weight, wherein the trace elements are ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and boric acid by weight ratio of 1:1:1: 2; the pelleting coating treatment is that after the bupleurum seeds are added into a pelleting machine, firstly, a proper amount of water is used for dissolving trace elements and gibberellin, then the solution is sprayed on the surfaces of the seeds, then biochar powder is added, then mixed powder of calcium peroxide and sophora flavescens powder is added while atomizing and spraying water, then, a proper amount of water is used for dissolving sodium alginate, polyethylene glycol and N-long-chain acyl alkylidene betaine, then, the seeds are sprayed, and bentonite is added until the fusiform pelleted bupleurum seeds are formed; the nutrient solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of pyroligneous, 2 parts of dandelion leaching liquor, 5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 2 parts of fulvic acid and 200 parts of water; the herba Taraxaci leaching solution is prepared by adding herba Taraxaci and water at a weight ratio of 1:10 into a leaching container, leaching at 90 deg.C for 3 hr, filtering the obtained liquid, concentrating to obtain herba Taraxaci leaching solution, and concentrating to 1/3 of the stock solution.
Example 3
The method comprises the steps of placing bupleurum seeds harvested in the last year in a potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.008% at 37 ℃ for treatment for 3.5 hours, taking river sand, adding vinegar diluted by 500 times by water into the river sand, controlling the water content of uniformly mixed wet river sand to be 62%, mixing the bupleurum seeds treated in the step ⑴ and the wet river sand according to the weight ratio of 1:4, placing the mixture in an environment with the temperature of 20 ℃ for accelerating germination for 9 days, putting the bupleurum seeds into a pelleting machine, carrying out pelleting and coating treatment on the bupleurum seeds by using a bupleurum seed pelleting agent, dibbling the obtained bupleurum seeds in seedling pots filled with seedling culture matrixes, sowing 2 seeds in each seedling pot, placing the seedlings in a greenhouse for seedling culture, controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 22 ℃ until the seedlings grow to be 7cm high, starting root application of nutrient solution after dibbling and seedling emergence, carrying out root application once every three days, wherein the root application time is 9:30, dipping the cultured bupleurum seedlings in a field after root dipping treatment, transplanting the roots in black mulching film after transplanting, and ensuring that the soil is wet, the root application solution is 0.6 g/1.6/1L of the root soaking solution, and the root soaking solution after the root treatment according to 1.10L.
The rotational speed of the pill coating machine is controlled to be 25r/min, the formula of the radix bupleuri seed pelleting agent is composed of 50 parts by weight of biochar, 0.9 part by weight of trace elements, 0.02 part by weight of gibberellin, 4 parts by weight of calcium peroxide, 7 parts by weight of sodium alginate, 3 parts by weight of radix sophorae flavescentis powder, 22 parts by weight of bentonite, 9 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol, 2.5 parts by weight of N-long-chain acyl alkylidene betaine and 100 parts by weight of water, wherein the trace elements are ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and boric acid according to the weight ratio of 1:1:1: 2; the pelleting coating treatment is that after the bupleurum seeds are added into a pelleting machine, firstly, a proper amount of water is used for dissolving trace elements and gibberellin, then the solution is sprayed on the surfaces of the seeds, then biochar powder is added, then mixed powder of calcium peroxide and sophora flavescens powder is added while atomizing and spraying water, then, a proper amount of water is used for dissolving sodium alginate, polyethylene glycol and N-long-chain acyl alkylidene betaine, then, the seeds are sprayed, and bentonite is added until the fusiform pelleted bupleurum seeds are formed; the nutrient solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.5 parts of pyroligneous, 1.5 parts of dandelion leaching liquor, 4 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1.5 parts of fulvic acid and 150 parts of water; the herba Taraxaci leaching solution is prepared by adding herba Taraxaci and water at a weight ratio of 1:8 into a leaching container, leaching at 78 deg.C for 2 hr, filtering the obtained liquid, concentrating to obtain herba Taraxaci leaching solution, and concentrating to 1/4 of stock solution.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The above-described embodiments of the invention are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (5)
1. A seedling raising method for improving the emergence rate of radix bupleuri is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
⑴ preprocessing, namely, putting the bupleurum seeds harvested in the last year into a potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.005-0.01% at the temperature of 35-40 ℃ for 3-4 h;
⑵ sand storage treatment, namely taking river sand, adding 1000 times of vinegar liquid diluted by water by 100 times, controlling the water content of the uniformly mixed wet river sand to be 60-65%, mixing the bupleurum seeds treated in the step ⑴ and the wet river sand according to the weight ratio of 1:3-5, and then placing the mixture in an environment of 15-25 ℃ for pregermination for 8-10 d;
⑶ coating by putting radix bupleuri seed into pill coating machine, and coating with radix bupleuri seed pelleting agent;
⑷ seedling raising in greenhouse, namely, dibbling the bupleurum seeds obtained by the treatment in the step ⑶ into seedling raising pots filled with seedling raising matrix, sowing 1-3 seeds in each seedling raising pot, placing the seedling raising pots in a greenhouse for seedling raising, controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 20-25 ℃ until the seedlings grow to be 6-8cm in height, starting to apply the nutrient solution to roots after dibbling and seedling emergence, applying the nutrient solution to the roots once every three days, and applying the nutrient solution to the roots for 9:00-10:00 each time;
⑸ transplanting in field, namely dipping the radix bupleuri seedlings cultivated in step ⑷ in root, transplanting in field, covering with black mulching film after transplanting, and ensuring soil to be moist, wherein the root dipping treatment is to dip the root for 5-15min after preparing a mixed solution by 0.5-0.7g/L of rooting powder solution and 0.3-0.5g/L of chlormequat chloride solution according to a volume ratio of 1: 1.
2. A seedling raising method for improving the emergence rate of bupleurum according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotating speed of the pill coating machine is controlled at 20-30 r/min.
3. A seedling raising method for improving the emergence rate of bupleurum according to claim 1, characterized in that: the formula of the bupleurum seed pelleting agent comprises, by weight, 40-60 parts of biochar, 0.8-1 part of trace elements, 0.01-0.03 part of gibberellin, 3-5 parts of calcium peroxide, 5-8 parts of sodium alginate, 2-4 parts of sophora flavescens powder, 20-25 parts of bentonite, 7-11 parts of polyethylene glycol, 2-3 parts of N-long-chain acyl alkylidene betaine and 80-120 parts of water, wherein the trace elements are ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate and boric acid according to a weight ratio of 1:1:1: 2.
4. A seedling raising method for improving the emergence rate of bupleurum according to claim 3, characterized in that: the pelleting coating treatment is that after the bupleurum seeds are added into a pelleting machine, firstly, a proper amount of water is used for dissolving trace elements and gibberellin, then the solution is sprayed on the surfaces of the seeds, then biochar powder is added, then mixed powder of calcium peroxide and sophora flavescens powder is added while atomizing and spraying water, then, a proper amount of water is used for dissolving sodium alginate, polyethylene glycol and N-long-chain acyl alkylidene betaine, and then, the seeds are sprayed while bentonite is added until the fusiform pelleted bupleurum seeds are formed.
5. A seedling raising method for improving the emergence rate of radix bupleuri according to claim 4, characterized in that: the nutrient solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of wood vinegar, 1-2 parts of dandelion leaching liquor, 3-5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1-2 parts of fulvic acid and 100 parts of water and 200 parts of water; the herba Taraxaci leaching solution is prepared by adding herba Taraxaci and water into leaching container at weight ratio of 1:6-10, leaching at 75-90 deg.C for 1-3 hr, filtering and concentrating the obtained liquid to obtain herba Taraxaci leaching solution, and concentrating to 1/4-1/3 of the original solution.
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