CN110953915A - 换热器及其制造方法 - Google Patents
换热器及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/14—Arrangements for connecting different sections, e.g. in water heaters
- F24H9/146—Connecting elements of a heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/06—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes in openings, e.g. rolling-in
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/08—Tube expanders
- B21D39/20—Tube expanders with mandrels, e.g. expandable
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/02—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers
- B21D53/06—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers of metal tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/02—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers
- B21D53/08—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers of both metal tubes and sheet metal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L13/00—Non-disconnectible pipe-joints, e.g. soldered, adhesive or caulked joints
- F16L13/08—Soldered joints
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L13/00—Non-disconnectible pipe-joints, e.g. soldered, adhesive or caulked joints
- F16L13/14—Non-disconnectible pipe-joints, e.g. soldered, adhesive or caulked joints made by plastically deforming the material of the pipe, e.g. by flanging, rolling
- F16L13/147—Non-disconnectible pipe-joints, e.g. soldered, adhesive or caulked joints made by plastically deforming the material of the pipe, e.g. by flanging, rolling by radially expanding the inner part
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
- F24H1/12—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
- F24H1/14—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form
- F24H1/145—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form using fluid fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
- F24H1/41—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes in serpentine form
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/0408—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
- F28D1/0461—Combination of different types of heat exchanger, e.g. radiator combined with tube-and-shell heat exchanger; Arrangement of conduits for heat exchange between at least two media and for heat exchange between at least one medium and the large body of fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
- F28D1/0477—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/06—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with the heat-exchange conduits forming part of, or being attached to, the tank containing the body of fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
- F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
- F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0024—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for combustion apparatus, e.g. for boilers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
- F28F2275/04—Fastening; Joining by brazing
- F28F2275/045—Fastening; Joining by brazing with particular processing steps, e.g. by allowing displacement of parts during brazing or by using a reservoir for storing brazing material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
- F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
- Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种换热器及其制造方法。换热器(HE)包括以传热管(2)的外周面压接于在壳体(1)的侧壁部(10a)设置的孔部(11)的内周面的方式使传热管(2)扩管而成的扩管部(20),该扩管部(20)包含以在传热管(2)的轴长方向上隔着侧壁部(10a)的方式分别位于侧壁部(10a)的内侧和侧壁部(10a)的外侧且外周面局部地向传热管(2)的半径方向外方鼓出而成的第1鼓出部(21)和第2鼓出部(22),传热管(2)的端部顶端(25)与第2鼓出部(22)分开,端部顶端(25)及其附近部分扩管并包含在扩管部(20)的一部分。由此,提高壳体的侧壁部、传热管以及连接管体的相对的嵌合精度等,能够简单且适当地进行各部的钎焊。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于例如供热水装置的冷热水加热用途等的换热器及其制造方法。
背景技术
作为换热器,例如有专利文献1、2所记载的换热器。
上述文献所记载的换热器装入到供热水装置等而用于冷热水加热,在被供给加热用介质的壳体内收纳有多个传热管。所述多个传热管的端部贯穿在所述壳体的侧壁部设置的孔部而被向外部引出,在该部分嵌合有半圆弧状的连接管体的两端部。由此,所述多个传热管借助连接管体连接成一串,能够使冷热水从上述多个传热管的一端侧流通到另一端侧。作为用于谋求各所述传热管向所述壳体的侧壁部的固定及各所述传热管和所述连接管体之间的固定的手段,采用例如钎焊手段。
但是,在所述以往技术中,如下所述存在应改善的余地。
即,在对所述壳体的所述侧壁部、各所述传热管以及所述连接管体的预定的嵌合部位进行钎焊的情况下,需要预先提高作为钎焊对象的部分的嵌合精度。此外,期望的是,所述侧壁部和各所述传热管预先适当地临时固定,以使在例如将换热器搬入到钎焊用的加热炉时所述侧壁部和各所述传热管不容易错位。然而,以往难以简单且适当地实现所述期望,而苦思焦虑。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本国特开昭52-149658号公报
专利文献2:日本国特开昭63-259395号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
本发明的目的在于,提供能够适当地消除或者抑制所述的不良情况的换热器及其制造方法。
用于解决问题的方案
为了解决上述的课题,在本发明中采取以下的技术手段。
由本发明的第1技术方案提供的换热器包括:壳体,向该壳体的内部供给加热用介质;多个传热管,其以各自的端部贯穿于在该壳体的侧壁部设置的多个孔部的方式被从所述壳体内向外部引出;连接管体,其两端部嵌合于所述多个传热管的端部,而且将所述多个传热管相互连接起来;以及扩管部,其是以各所述传热管的外周面压接于所述孔部的内周面的方式使所述传热管扩管而成的,所述扩管部包含第1鼓出部和第2鼓出部,该第1鼓出部和第2鼓出部以在各所述传热管的轴长方向上隔着所述侧壁部的方式分别位于所述侧壁部的内侧和所述侧壁部的外侧,并且是所述扩管部的外周面局部地向各所述传热管的半径方向外方鼓出而成的,所述传热管的端部顶端处于与所述第2鼓出部分开的位置,而且所述传热管的所述端部顶端及其附近部分扩管并包含在所述扩管部的一部分。
优选的是,所述传热管的所述端部顶端及其附近部分设为顶部扩张状的喇叭形加工部。
优选的是,本发明的换热器还包括钎焊所述传热管的所述端部顶端和所述连接管体的钎焊部,该钎焊部的一部分进入到在所述端部顶端和所述连接管体相互之间形成的间隙。
优选的是,本发明的换热器还包括钎焊所述第2鼓出部和所述侧壁部的钎焊部。
优选的是,所述连接管体使用半圆弧状的弯管而构成。
由本发明的第2技术方案提供的换热器的制造方法具有以下的工序:固定工序,在该固定工序中,在使多个传热管的端部贯穿于在内部被供给加热用介质的壳体的侧壁部设置的多个孔部的状态下,将所述多个传热管固定于所述侧壁部;以及传热管连接工序,在该固定工序之后,在该传热管连接工序中,使连接管体的两端部嵌合于所述多个传热管的端部而将所述多个传热管相互连接起来,在所述固定工序中,进行以各所述传热管的外周面压接于各所述孔部的内周面的方式在各所述传热管形成扩管部的扩管处理,在该扩管处理中,形成第1鼓出部和第2鼓出部,该第1鼓出部和第2鼓出部以在各所述传热管的轴长方向上隔着所述侧壁部的方式分别位于所述侧壁部的内侧和所述侧壁部的外侧,且是所述扩管部的外周面局部地向各所述传热管的半径方向外方鼓出而成的,并且,将所述传热管的端部顶端和所述第2鼓出部配置为互相分开,而且对所述端部顶端及其附近部分也进行扩管处理。
优选的是,使用分型模冲头进行所述扩管处理,该分型模冲头具有能够插入到各所述传热管内并能够在半径方向上扩缩变形的能够扩缩变形部,而且在该能够扩缩变形部的外周面设有用于形成所述第1鼓出部的第1凸部、用于形成所述第2鼓出部的第2凸部以及用于对所述端部顶端及其附近部分实施喇叭形加工的锥面部,同时进行所述扩管处理中的第1鼓出部的形成作业和第2鼓出部的形成作业以及所述喇叭形加工。
优选的是,所述分型模冲头的所述能够扩缩变形部是形成为相互独立的构件的多个分块组合而构成的,而且构成为与非扩管时相比扩管时的所述多个分块的整体的截面形状的轮廓成为更接近正圆或者正圆的圆弧的形状。
参照附图并根据以下进行的发明的实施方式的说明,进一步明确本发明的其他的特征及优点。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明的换热器的一个例子的立体图。
图2是图1的II-II剖视图。
图3是图1的III-III剖视图。
图4A是图3的IVA-IVA主要部分放大剖视图,图4B是图4A的局部放大剖视图。
图5A是表示在扩管作业中使用的分型模冲头(日语:割型パンチ)的非扩大状态时的一个例子的主视图,图5B是其主视剖视图,图5C是图5A的VC-VC剖视图。
图6A是表示图5A所示的分型模冲头的扩大状态时的一个例子的主视图,图6B是其主要部分主视剖视图,图6C是图6A的VIC-VIC剖视图。
图7A~图7C是表示传热管的扩管作业的一个例子的主要部分剖视图。
图8A是表示分型模冲头的另一个例子的主视图,图8B是图8A的VIIIB-VIIIB剖视图。
具体实施方式
以下,参照附图具体地说明本发明的优选的实施方式。
图1所示的换热器HE装入到例如供热水装置,用于加热供热水用的冷热水。该换热器HE包括上下开口的大致矩形框状的壳体1、收纳在该壳体1的内部的多个主体管39、多个翅片9、多个传热管2以及将多个传热管2相互连接起来的多个连接管体6。该换热器HE被用于所谓的反向燃烧方式的供热水装置,在壳体1的上部配置有燃烧器(未图示),而且由该燃烧器产生的燃烧气体(加热用介质的一个例子)被供给到壳体1内而朝下行进。通过主体管39和多个传热管2的冷热水被所述燃烧气体加热。
多个主体管39除了起到冷热水加热用的吸热的作用之外,还起到冷却壳体1的多个侧壁部10b~10d的作用,多个主体管39沿着多个侧壁部10b~10d的内表面设置。上述多个主体管39借助在壳体1的侧壁部10a的外表面部设置的头部35a、35b连接。供给到主体管39的入水口38的冷热水如图1的虚线的箭头所示通过了主体管39和多个头部35a、35b之后流入到多个传热管2,在通过了多个传热管2之后到达出热水口37。
如图2和图3所示,多个传热管2是例如贯穿并接合于多个翅片9的翅片管型,横向架设在壳体1内而在上下方向和水平方向上排列有多个。各传热管2的两端部贯穿于在壳体1的侧壁部10a、10c设置的孔部11而被向壳体1的外部引出。多个连接管体6使用例如半圆弧状的弯管而构成。各连接管体6的两端部嵌合并连接于多个传热管2的端部。由此,多个传热管2借助多个连接管体6连成一串。
如图4A和图4B所示,在各传热管2设有与各传热管2的其他部分相比扩大了外径和内径而成的扩管部20。该扩管部20包含第1鼓出部21、第2鼓出部22、喇叭形加工部23以及辅助部24。
第1鼓出部21和第2鼓出部22是以在传热管2的轴长方向上隔着壳体1的侧壁部10a的方式分别位于侧壁部10a的内侧和侧壁部10a的外侧且外周面局部地向传热管2的半径方向外方鼓出的环状的鼓出部。优选的是,第1鼓出部21和第2鼓出部22配置为与侧壁部10a接触。扩管部20中的第1鼓出部21和第2鼓出部22相互间的区域压接于孔部11的内周面。
喇叭形加工部23是传热管2的端部顶端25及其附近部分设为顶部扩张状的部分。第2鼓出部22和传热管2的端部顶端25配置为互相分开,由此,确保了用于设置喇叭形加工部23的区域。扩管部20的辅助部24是位于比第1鼓出部21靠壳体1的内侧的位置的部分,在该辅助部24的基部的内侧形成有台阶部24a。连接管体6的端部嵌入(嵌合)到传热管2内,但通过连接管体6的端部抵接于台阶部24a,从而阻止了连接管体6进一步进入到传热管2的内部的状况。优选的是,连接管体6的端部也被实施扩管处理,做成作为圆管的真圆度较高且外径尺寸精度较高的部分。
连接管体6以其端部位于比侧壁部10a靠壳体1的内侧的位置的方式嵌入到传热管2内。这会起到与在传热管2和侧壁部10a之间的接合部位作为加强构件而追加了连接管体6的端部的方式相同的效果,提高了传热管2与侧壁部10a之间的接合部位的强度。并且,在提高连接管体6与传热管2之间的接合部位的强度的方面也有效。
如图4A和图4B所示,在本实施方式的换热器HE设有钎焊部Ba、Bb。钎焊部Ba是钎焊第2鼓出部22的附近和侧壁部10a的部分。钎焊部Bb是钎焊传热管2的端部顶端25和连接管体6的外周面的部分。该钎焊部Bb的一部分进入到传热管2的顶端开口部26的内侧(在端部顶端25和连接管体6相互之间形成的间隙)。所述的结构在壳体1的侧壁部10c与传热管2的端部之间的关系及位于侧壁部10c侧的连接管体6与传热管2之间的关系上也相同。
接着,说明所述的换热器HE的制造方法的一个例子。
在制造换热器HE时,使用图5A~图6C所示的分型模冲头5。为了容易理解,首先说明该分型模冲头5。
分型模冲头5是在内部插入芯棒4的筒状。但是,分型模冲头5并不由单一构件构成。具体地讲,分型模冲头5是通过将多个分块(日语:セグメント)50a以捆束的方式组合且使具有伸缩性的多个O形圈55外套于上述的分块50a而以多个分块50a不分解的方式捆束而成的。多个分块50a是与将大致圆筒状的构件沿着其轴长方向切断并分割成例如6个等的构件的情况相当的结构。在分型模冲头5的顶端部附近的内周面设有尖细状的倾斜面56。因此,如图6A~图6C所示,通过使芯棒4前进而按压倾斜面56,从而分型模冲头5的大致整体克服O形圈55的反弹力而在半径方向上扩大。在使芯棒4后退时,分型模冲头5在O形圈55的反弹力的作用下恢复为图5A~图5C所示的原本的非扩大状态。
本实施方式的分型模冲头5与后面参照图8A和图8B进行说明的分型模冲头5a不同,是分离的多个分块50a组合起来而构成的,因此其全长区域成为能够扩缩变形部50。优选的是,芯棒4的顶端部为圆锥状或者棱锥状等尖细状。更优选的是,芯棒4的顶端部为棱锥状,由此设为具有能够与多个分块50a的平面状的内表面50b面接触的多个平面部40的形态。
在分型模冲头5的非扩大状态时,如图5C所示,分型模冲头5的多个分块50a整体的截面形状的轮廓严谨地讲是非圆形形状。例如纵宽La和斜宽Lb不同。相对于此,在使分型模冲头5扩大时,如图6C所示,多个分块50a整体的截面形状的轮廓为圆形形状(正圆或者接近正圆的形状),构成为与分型模冲头5的非扩大时(非扩管时)相比,扩大时(扩管时)的分块50a整体的截面形状的轮廓成为更接近正圆或者正圆的圆弧的形状。
如图5A的主要部分放大图明确地所示,在分型模冲头5的顶端部附近的外周面设有大致环状的第1凸部51和第2凸部52以及锥面部53。第1凸部51是用于形成传热管2的已述的第1鼓出部21的部位,第2凸部52是用于形成传热管2的已述的第2鼓出部22的部位。锥面部53是用于形成喇叭形加工部23的部位。在所述的主要部分放大图中,附图标记Sa所示的外周面区域是除了第1凸部51和第2凸部52之外各处的外径一致相同的区域。
在制造换热器HE时,使用所述的分型模冲头5按照图7A~图7C所示的步骤对传热管2实施扩管作业。
首先,如图7A所示,在使传热管2的端部贯穿于壳体1的侧壁部10a的孔部11的状态下,如图7B所示,将分型模冲头5插入到传热管2的端部。接着,如图7C所示,使分型模冲头5扩大,使传热管2的端部扩管。由此,能够在传热管2设置参照图4A和图4B说明的扩管部20,也能够将传热管2固定(临时固定)于侧壁部10a。之后,在使分型模冲头5恢复为原本的尺寸之后将其从传热管2拔出,使连接管体6的端部嵌入到传热管2的端部。通过使用多个分型模冲头5对多个传热管2分别进行这样的作业,从而也能够对多个传热管2同时进行所述的作业。在完成了所述的工序之后,进行用于设置之前说明的钎焊部Ba、Bb的钎焊作业。
采用本实施方式的换热器HE,能获得以下的效果。
即,在传热管2设有扩管部20,该扩管部20的外周面压接于在壳体1的侧壁部10a(10c)设置的孔部11的内周面。除此之外,第1鼓出部21和第2鼓出部22夹着侧壁部10a的两侧。因此,能够适当地谋求传热管2相对于侧壁部10a的固定(钎焊前的临时固定),并且使孔部11与传热管2之间的嵌合精度良好,能够将钎焊部Ba设为适当的结构。
此外,由于传热管2的端部顶端25及其附近部分设为喇叭形加工部23,因此也能够提高该部分的尺寸精度,传热管2与连接管体6之间的嵌合精度也良好,钎焊部Bb也能够设为适当的结构。若在传热管2的端部顶端25附近形成第1鼓出部21和第2鼓出部22,则作为其反作用,端部顶端25及其附近部分的口径有可能缩小。与之相对地,根据本实施方式,能够适当地消除这样的可能性。此外,若在传热管2设有喇叭形加工部23,则连接管体6向传热管2插入的插入作业也变容易。
另一方面,采用所述的换热器HE的制造方法,能获得以下的效果。
即,能够利用使用分型模冲头5进行的一次扩管作业来适当地设置具有第1鼓出部21、第2鼓出部22、喇叭形加工部23等的扩管部20。因而,在提高换热器HE的生产率的方面较为理想。像参照图6A~图6C说明的那样,分型模冲头5构成为在扩大时(扩管时)多个分块50a整体的截面形状的轮廓成为接近正圆或者正圆的圆弧的形状,因此在提高扩管部20的各部的真圆度、尺寸精度的方面更加优选。
图8A和图8B表示扩管作业所使用的分型模冲头的另一个例子。在该图中,对与所述实施方式相同或者类似的要素标注与所述实施方式相同的附图标记,省略重复说明。
图8A和图8B所示的分型模冲头5a基本上具有在内部插入芯棒4的大致圆筒状的形态,但在其周壁部设有沿轴长方向延伸的多个狭缝59,而且具有借助上述的多个狭缝59互相分割而成的多个分块50a。分型模冲头5a的顶端部是能够扩缩变形部50,在通过使芯棒4前进而按压分型模冲头5a的顶端部内侧的倾斜面56时,多个分块50a被向半径方向外方推开,能够扩缩变形部50扩大。在该能够扩缩变形部50的外周面设有第1凸部51和第2凸部52(省略了锥面部53的图示)。
即使在替代上述的实施方式的分型模冲头5而使用所述的分型模冲头5a的情况下,也能够利用一次扩管工序在传热管设置本发明所谋求的扩管部。
另外,在分型模冲头5a中,由于在能够扩缩变形部50扩大时多个分块50a以狭缝59的基端部P为中心张开,因此上述的多个分块50a整体的截面形状的轮廓与非扩大时相比真圆度降低。因而,在提高扩管部20的真圆度的方面,期望使用上述的实施方式的分型模冲头5。但是,并不限定于此。
本发明并不限定于上述的实施方式的内容。本发明的换热器的各部的具体结构在本发明所谋求的范围内自由地进行各种设计变更。本发明的换热器的制造方法的各工序的具体构成在本发明所谋求的范围内自由变更。
在上述的实施方式中,传热管2的端部顶端25及其附近部分设为喇叭形加工部23,但并不限定于此。例如也可以将这些部分设为直径一致相同的非喇叭形状的扩管部。
传热管并不限于直管状的传热管,也可以使用蜿蜒曲折状管体或者螺旋状管体等而构成。上述的实施方式的主体管39也可以包含在本发明所说的传热管中。也可以是,不设为换热器所具备的多个传热管全部是本发明所谋求的结构,只要一部分传热管的安装构造是本发明所谋求的结构,该结构就属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明的换热器并不限于所谓的反向燃烧方式,能够设为例如正向燃烧方式(在换热器的下侧配置燃烧器,使燃烧气体朝上行进的方式),而且也能够是不具备主体管的结构。换热器并不限于供热水装置用的换热器。
加热用介质并不限于燃烧气体,也可以是例如热电联供系统中的高温的排气等。
Claims (8)
1.一种换热器,其中,
该换热器包括:
壳体,向该壳体的内部供给加热用介质;
多个传热管,其以各自的端部贯穿于在该壳体的侧壁部设置的多个孔部的方式被从所述壳体内向外部引出;
连接管体,其两端部嵌合于所述多个传热管的端部,而且将所述多个传热管相互连接起来;以及
扩管部,其是以各所述传热管的外周面压接于所述孔部的内周面的方式使所述传热管扩管而成的,
所述扩管部包含第1鼓出部和第2鼓出部,该第1鼓出部和第2鼓出部以在各所述传热管的轴长方向上隔着所述侧壁部的方式分别位于所述侧壁部的内侧和所述侧壁部的外侧,并且是所述扩管部的外周面局部地向各所述传热管的半径方向外方鼓出而成的,
所述传热管的端部顶端处于与所述第2鼓出部分开的位置,而且所述传热管的所述端部顶端及其附近部分扩管并包含在所述扩管部的一部分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的换热器,其中,
所述传热管的所述端部顶端及其附近部分设为顶部扩张状的喇叭形加工部。
3.根据权利要求2所述的换热器,其中,
该换热器还包括钎焊所述传热管的所述端部顶端和所述连接管体的钎焊部,
该钎焊部的一部分进入到在所述端部顶端和所述连接管体相互之间形成的间隙。
4.根据权利要求1所述的换热器,其中,
该换热器还包括钎焊所述第2鼓出部和所述侧壁部的钎焊部。
5.根据权利要求1所述的换热器,其中,
所述连接管体使用半圆弧状的弯管而构成。
6.一种换热器的制造方法,其中,
该制造方法具有以下的工序:
固定工序,在该固定工序中,在使多个传热管的端部贯穿于在内部被供给加热用介质的壳体的侧壁部设置的多个孔部的状态下,将所述多个传热管固定于所述侧壁部;以及
传热管连接工序,在该固定工序之后,在该传热管连接工序中,使连接管体的两端部嵌合于所述多个传热管的端部而将所述多个传热管相互连接起来,
在所述固定工序中,进行以各所述传热管的外周面压接于各所述孔部的内周面的方式在各所述传热管形成扩管部的扩管处理,
在该扩管处理中,形成第1鼓出部和第2鼓出部,该第1鼓出部和第2鼓出部以在各所述传热管的轴长方向上隔着所述侧壁部的方式分别位于所述侧壁部的内侧和所述侧壁部的外侧,且是所述扩管部的外周面局部地向各所述传热管的半径方向外方鼓出而成的,
并且,将所述传热管的端部顶端和所述第2鼓出部配置为互相分开,而且对所述端部顶端及其附近部分也进行扩管处理。
7.根据权利要求6所述的换热器的制造方法,其中,
使用分型模冲头进行所述扩管处理,该分型模冲头具有能够插入到各所述传热管内并能够在半径方向上扩缩变形的能够扩缩变形部,而且在该能够扩缩变形部的外周面设有用于形成所述第1鼓出部的第1凸部、用于形成所述第2鼓出部的第2凸部以及用于对所述端部顶端及其附近部分实施喇叭形加工的锥面部,
同时进行所述扩管处理中的第1鼓出部的形成作业和第2鼓出部的形成作业以及所述喇叭形加工。
8.根据权利要求7所述的换热器的制造方法,其中,
所述分型模冲头的所述能够扩缩变形部是形成为相互独立的构件的多个分块组合而构成的,而且构成为与非扩管时相比扩管时的所述多个分块的整体的截面形状的轮廓成为更接近正圆或者正圆的圆弧的形状。
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US11359838B2 (en) | 2022-06-14 |
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US20200103142A1 (en) | 2020-04-02 |
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