CN110937890A - 一种避雷器用压敏电阻片及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种避雷器用压敏电阻片及其制备方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN110937890A
CN110937890A CN201811119965.7A CN201811119965A CN110937890A CN 110937890 A CN110937890 A CN 110937890A CN 201811119965 A CN201811119965 A CN 201811119965A CN 110937890 A CN110937890 A CN 110937890A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
drying
voltage
temperature
sheet
preparation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201811119965.7A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
祝志祥
陈新
韩钰
张强
陈保安
朱承治
张�浩
楼平
王轲
朱思宇
李庚�
陈川
孙亮
刘昕
丁一
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tsinghua University
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute
Original Assignee
Tsinghua University
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tsinghua University, State Grid Corp of China SGCC, State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd, Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute filed Critical Tsinghua University
Priority to CN201811119965.7A priority Critical patent/CN110937890A/zh
Publication of CN110937890A publication Critical patent/CN110937890A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/453—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zinc, tin, or bismuth oxides or solid solutions thereof with other oxides, e.g. zincates, stannates or bismuthates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/638—Removal thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/5022—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with vitreous materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/51—Metallising, e.g. infiltration of sintered ceramic preforms with molten metal
    • C04B41/515—Other specific metals
    • C04B41/5155—Aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/86—Glazes; Cold glazes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/88—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C17/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
    • H01C17/006—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for manufacturing resistor chips
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C17/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
    • H01C17/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for manufacturing resistors with envelope or housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C17/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
    • H01C17/28—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for applying terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C17/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
    • H01C17/30—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for baking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
    • H01C7/126—Means for protecting against excessive pressure or for disconnecting in case of failure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3224—Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
    • C04B2235/3225—Yttrium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3262—Manganese oxides, manganates, rhenium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. MnO
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/327—Iron group oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3275—Cobalt oxides, cobaltates or cobaltites or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bismuth cobaltate, zinc cobaltite
    • C04B2235/3277—Co3O4
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/327—Iron group oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3279—Nickel oxides, nickalates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3293—Tin oxides, stannates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. indium tin oxide [ITO]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3294—Antimony oxides, antimonates, antimonites or oxide forming salts thereof, indium antimonate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3298—Bismuth oxides, bismuthates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. zinc bismuthate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种避雷器用压敏电阻片，该电阻片包括按摩尔百分比计的如下组分制得的：ZnO：90～98％，Bi2O3：0.05～2.0％，Co3O4：0.05～1.0％，Y2O3：0.02～1.0％，NiO：0.02～2.0％，MnO：0.02～1.0％，Sb2O3：0.05～3.0％，SiO2：0.01～1.0％，Al2O3：0.01～1.0％，SnO2：0.5～2.0％。本发明提供的压敏电阻片无有毒物质Cr2O3，且Sb2O3的含量减少了，更加环保；具有优良的综合性能，压敏电压梯度达到600V/mm以上，方波通流容量为400J/cm3以上，漏电流2.0μA以下，非线性系数30.0以上，峰值为3000A的8/20μs脉冲电流冲击后压敏电压变化率小于8％，残压比高于1.5。本发明提供的制备方法不包含单独的预烧和排胶流程，将排胶过程设置在升温过程中，一次性烧结成型，简化了工艺流程，节约了制备工艺成本。

Description

一种避雷器用压敏电阻片及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及避雷器压敏电阻阀片技术领域，具体涉及一种避雷器用压敏电阻片及其制备方法。
背景技术
氧化锌避雷器的核心元件是氧化锌电阻阀片。高性能的氧化锌电阻阀片是制备高性能避雷器的基础。随着氧化锌避雷器在全世界的大规模推广应用，以及超、特高压交、直流输电工程的不断建设发展，对非线性氧化锌电阻片的综合性能要求越来越高。
现有技术中，氧化锌电阻片的常用添加剂为Sb2O3和Cr2O3。其中Sb2O3加入后主要以尖晶石的形式存在于陶瓷样品中，可以减小Bi2O3的挥发并提升非线性和稳定性；Cr2O3的加入能形成氧空位并聚集于晶界，从而提高界面势垒高度并减小漏电流。但是，随着近年来对环保要求的日益严苛，考虑到Sb2O3和Cr2O3均为有毒物质，其使用将越来越受到严格控制。
目前，关于氧化锌电阻片的基础成分体系与添加剂的选择匹配以及相应的烧结成型工艺的协同优化控制技术尚未被很好掌握，导致氧化锌电阻片的晶粒尺寸及均匀性、晶界数量、相结构等显微组织未能实现很好的综合优化控制，综合性能指标与超、特高压交、直流避雷器的使用要求尚存在一定差距，通流容量、电位梯度、耐冲击性能、老化性能等关键指标不能很好的匹配，此消彼长，一定程度上影响氧化锌电阻片的运行可靠性。
因此，需提供一种环保型添加剂的高电位梯度和通流容量，高性能的氧化锌电阻片及其制备方法，对提高氧化锌避雷器的保护水平，适应电力工业的迅速发展有着十分重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种有毒物质添加少、通流容量高、耐冲击性能强的氧化锌电阻片。
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供了采用下述技术方案：
一种避雷器用压敏电阻片，所述电阻片包括按摩尔百分比计的如下组分：
ZnO：90～98％，Bi2O3：0.05～2.0％，Co3O4：0.05～1.0％，Y2O3：0.02～1.0％，NiO：0.02～2.0％，MnO：0.02～1.0％，Sb2O3：0.05～3.0％，SiO2：0.01～1.0％，Al2O3：0.01～1.0％，SnO2：0.5～2.0％。
优选的，所述电阻片包括按摩尔百分比计的如下组分：ZnO：90～98％，Bi2O3：0.1～2.0％，Co3O4：0.05～1.0％，Y2O3：0.02～1.0％，NiO：0.05～2.0％，MnO：0.05～1.0％，Sb2O3：0.1～3.0％，SiO2：0.02～1.0％，Al2O3：0.01～1.0％，SnO2：0.5～2.0％。
优选的，所述电阻片包括按摩尔百分比计的如下组分：ZnO：93.65％，Bi2O3：1.0％，Co3O4：0.2％，Y2O3：0.3％，NiO：0.3％，MnO：0.5，Sb2O3：1.95％，SiO2：0.5％，Al2O3：0.2％，SnO2：1.4％。
如上述任一项所述电阻片的制备方法，所述方法包括如下步骤：
(1)电阻片原料中加入分散剂，用氧化锆研磨球以300～400r/min的速率研磨10～16h；
(2)将上述混合料干燥、粉碎，过20～40目筛后，加入聚乙烯醇混合；
(3)压片、排胶和及烧结和干燥；
(4)涂覆电极，得电阻片。
优选的，所述步骤(1)中分散剂包括原料重量0.9倍的无水乙醇。
优选的，所述步骤(2)中干燥为在120～150℃下干燥24～36h；所述聚乙烯醇占过筛后的粉料重量的5～10％。
优选的，所述步骤(3)中压片为在5～10MPa/cm2下保压2～5min的压片机中进行。
优选的，所述步骤(3)中排胶处理及烧结的步骤包括：
0.5h升温至100℃；3.3h升温至700℃，保温2h；用6h升温至1100℃，保温2h。
优选的，所述步骤(3)中干燥为在120℃下干燥12～16h。
优选的，所述步骤(4)中涂覆电极包括：在干燥后的电阻阀片两端面上喷铝电极，侧面涂低温玻璃釉。
与最接近的现有技术比，本发明提供的技术方案具有以下有益效果：
本发明提供的压敏电阻片减少了Sb2O3的含量，无需添加有毒物质Cr2O3，减少了对环境的影响；采用SnO2部分替代Sb2O3生成新的Zn2SnO4尖晶石相，所烧制的压敏电阻片具有优良的电性能，提高了氧化锌电阻片的运行可靠性。
本发明提供的制备方法制备的压敏电阻阀片具有优良的综合性能，压敏电压梯度达到600V/mm以上，方波通流容量为400J/cm3以上，漏电流2.0μA以下，非线性系数30.0以上，峰值为3000A的8/20μs脉冲电流冲击后压敏电压变化率小于8％，残压比高于1.5。
本发明提供的制备方法不包含单独的预烧和排胶流程，将排胶过程设置在升温过程中，一次性烧结成型，简化了工艺流程，节约了制备工艺成本。
具体实施方式
下面以具体实施例的形式对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
实施例1
1)配料：按原料的摩尔百分比进行配制，具体配方如下：ZnO：93.8％，Bi2O3：0.6％，Co3O4：0.8％，Y2O3：0.5％，NiO：1.2％，MnO：0.62％，Sb2O3：1.2％，SiO2：0.28％，Al2O3：0.3％，SnO2：0.7％；
2)球磨：将上述配制好的原料，按原料重量的0.9倍，加入无水乙醇作为分散剂，用氧化锆研磨球进行研磨，球磨转速为350r/min，球磨时间12h；
3)造粒：将球磨后的浆料干燥，干燥温度120℃，干燥时间10h，将干燥后的块状料粉碎后，过40目筛，加入占粉料重量10％的6wt.％的聚乙烯醇水溶液作为粘结剂，搅拌，形成混合均匀的颗粒料；
4)成型：将3)中颗粒料采用压片机压片成型，成型压力为10MPa/cm2，保压时间3min；
5)烧成：将4)中压片成型的压敏电阻素胚进行常压烧结，具体温度和控制时间如下：具体温度和控制时间如下：室温升温至100℃，升温时间0.5h；100℃至700℃，升温时间3.3h，保温2.5h后升温至1100℃，升温时间6h，保温2h；随炉冷却，冷却至室温后取样；
6)磨片：将5)中烧结致密的氧化锌压敏电阻片两端面磨平，采用超声清洗电阻片表面的油污、灰尘等杂物，然后进行干燥，干燥温度120℃，干燥时间12h，充分去除电阻片中吸附的水分；
7)喷铝、上侧面绝缘：将6)中电阻片两端面喷上铝电极，在电阻片侧面涂上低温玻璃釉作为侧面绝缘。
实施例2
1)配料：按原料的摩尔百分比进行配制；
2)球磨：将上述配制好的原料，按原料重量的0.9倍，加入无水乙醇作为分散剂，用氧化锆研磨球进行研磨，球磨转速为400r/min，球磨时间6h；
4)成型：将3)中颗粒料采用压片机压片成型，成型压力为10MPa/cm2，保压时间3min；
5)烧成：将4)中压片成型的压敏电阻素胚进行常压烧结，具体温度和控制时间如下：具体温度和控制时间如下：室温升温至100℃，升温时间0.5h；100℃至700℃，升温时间3.3h，保温2.5h后升温至1150℃，升温时间6h，保温2h；随炉冷却，冷却至室温后取样；
6)磨片：将5)中烧结致密的氧化锌压敏电阻片两端面磨平，采用超声清洗电阻片表面的油污、灰尘等杂物，然后进行干燥，干燥温度120℃，干燥时间12h，充分去除电阻片中吸附的水分；
7)喷铝、上侧面绝缘：将6)中电阻片两端面喷上铝电极，在电阻片侧面涂上低温玻璃釉作为侧面绝缘。
实施例3
1)配料：按原料的摩尔百分比进行配制；
2)球磨：将上述配制好的原料，按原料重量的0.9倍，加入无水乙醇作为分散剂，用氧化锆研磨球进行研磨，球磨转速为300r/min，球磨时间12h；
3)造粒：将球磨后的浆料干燥，干燥温度120℃，干燥时间10h，将干燥后的块状料粉碎后，过40目筛，加入占粉料重量10％的6wt.％的聚乙烯醇水溶液作为粘结剂，搅拌，形成混合均匀的颗粒料；
4)成型：将3)中颗粒料采用压片机压片成型，成型压力为10MPa/cm2，保压时间5min；
5)烧成：将4)中压片成型的压敏电阻素胚进行常压烧结，具体温度和控制时间如下：具体温度和控制时间如下：室温升温至100℃，升温时间0.5h；100℃至700℃，升温时间3.3h，保温2.5h后升温至1050℃，升温时间6h，保温2h；随炉冷却，冷却至室温后取样；
6)磨片：将5)中烧结致密的氧化锌压敏电阻片两端面磨平，采用超声清洗电阻片表面的油污、灰尘等杂物，然后进行干燥，干燥温度120℃，干燥时间12h，充分去除电阻片中吸附的水分；
7)喷铝、上侧面绝缘：将6)中电阻片两端面喷上铝电极，在电阻片侧面涂上低温玻璃釉作为侧面绝缘。
实施例4
1)配料：按原料的摩尔百分比进行配制；
2)球磨：将上述配制好的原料，按原料重量的0.9倍，加入无水乙醇作为分散剂，用氧化锆研磨球进行研磨，球磨转速为380r/min，球磨时间6h；
3)造粒：将球磨后的浆料干燥，干燥温度80℃，干燥时间10h，将干燥后的块状料粉碎后，过40目筛，加入按原料重量的6％加入浓度为10wt.％的聚乙烯醇水溶液作为粘结剂，搅拌，形成混合均匀的颗粒料；
4)成型：将3)中颗粒料采用压片机压片成型，成型压力为10MPa/cm2，保压时间5min；
5)烧成：将4)中压片成型的压敏电阻素胚进行常压烧结，具体温度和控制时间如下：具体温度和控制时间如下：室温升温至100℃，升温时间0.5h；100℃至700℃，升温时间3.3h，保温2.5h后升温至1100℃，升温时间6h，保温2h；随炉冷却，冷却至室温后取样；
6)磨片：将5)中烧结致密的氧化锌压敏电阻片两端面磨平，采用超声清洗电阻片表面的油污、灰尘等杂物，然后进行干燥，干燥温度120℃，干燥时间12h，充分去除电阻片中吸附的水分；
7)喷铝、上侧面绝缘：将6)中电阻片两端面喷上铝电极，在阀片侧面涂上低温玻璃釉作为侧面绝缘。
实施例5
1)配料：按原料的摩尔百分比进行配制；
2)球磨：将上述配制好的原料，按原料重量的0.9倍，加入无水乙醇作为分散剂，用氧化锆研磨球进行研磨，球磨转速为380r/min，球磨时间6h；
3)造粒：将球磨后的浆料干燥，干燥温度80℃，干燥时间10h，将干燥后的块状料粉碎后，过40目筛，加入按原料重量的6％加入浓度为10wt.％的聚乙烯醇水溶液作为粘结剂，搅拌，形成混合均匀的颗粒料；
4)成型：将3)中颗粒料采用压片机压片成型，成型压力为10MPa/cm2，保压时间5min；
5)烧成：将4)中压片成型的压敏电阻素胚进行常压烧结，具体温度和控制时间如下：具体温度和控制时间如下：室温升温至100℃，升温时间0.5h；100℃至700℃，升温时间3.3h，保温2.5h后升温至1100℃，升温时间6h，保温2h；随炉冷却，冷却至室温后取样；
6)磨片：将5)中烧结致密的氧化锌压敏电阻片两端面磨平，采用超声清洗电阻片表面的油污、灰尘等杂物，然后进行干燥，干燥温度120℃，干燥时间12h，充分去除电阻片中吸附的水分；
7)喷铝、上侧面绝缘：将6)中电阻片两端面喷上铝电极，在阀片侧面涂上低温玻璃釉作为侧面绝缘。
实施例6
1)配料：按原料的摩尔百分比进行配制；
2)球磨：将上述配制好的原料，按原料重量的0.9倍，加入无水乙醇作为分散剂，用氧化锆研磨球进行研磨，球磨转速为380r/min，球磨时间6h；
3)造粒：将球磨后的浆料干燥，干燥温度80℃，干燥时间10h，将干燥后的块状料粉碎后，过40目筛，加入按原料重量的6％加入浓度为10wt.％的聚乙烯醇水溶液作为粘结剂，搅拌，形成混合均匀的颗粒料；
4)成型：将3)中颗粒料采用压片机压片成型，成型压力为10MPa/cm2，保压时间5min；
5)烧成：将4)中压片成型的压敏电阻素胚进行常压烧结，具体温度和控制时间如下：具体温度和控制时间如下：室温升温至100℃，升温时间0.5h；100℃至700℃，升温时间3.3h，保温2.5h后升温至1100℃，升温时间6h，保温2h；随炉冷却，冷却至室温后取样；
6)磨片：将5)中烧结致密的氧化锌压敏电阻片两端面磨平，采用超声清洗电阻片表面的油污、灰尘等杂物，然后进行干燥，干燥温度120℃，干燥时间12h，充分去除电阻片中吸附的水分；
7)喷铝、上侧面绝缘：将6)中电阻片两端面喷上铝电极，在阀片侧面涂上低温玻璃釉作为侧面绝缘。
各实施例组分的组成按摩尔百分比份数计如表1：
表1：
Figure BDA0001809447980000071
二、压敏电阻片的性能测试：
对各实施例制得的压敏电阻片进行性能测试，测试结果见下表2
其中压敏电压变化率和残压比为3000A的8/20μs脉冲电流冲击后所得数值
表2：性能测试结果
Figure BDA0001809447980000072
Figure BDA0001809447980000081
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其进行限制，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解，参照上述实施例可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，这些未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换均在申请待批的权利要求保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种避雷器用压敏电阻片，其特征在于，所述电阻片包括按摩尔百分比计的如下组分：
ZnO：90～98％，Bi2O3：0.05～2.0％，Co3O4：0.05～1.0％，Y2O3：0.02～1.0％，NiO：0.02～2.0％，MnO：0.02～1.0％，Sb2O3：0.05～3.0％，SiO2：0.01～1.0％，Al2O3：0.01～1.0％，SnO2：0.5～2.0％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电阻片，其特征在于，所述电阻片包括按摩尔百分比计的如下组分：ZnO：90～98％，Bi2O3：0.1～2.0％，Co3O4：0.05～1.0％，Y2O3：0.02～1.0％，NiO：0.05～2.0％，MnO：0.05～1.0％，Sb2O3：0.1～3.0％，SiO2：0.02～1.0％，Al2O3：0.01～1.0％，SnO2：0.5～2.0％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电阻片，其特征在于，所述电阻片包括按摩尔百分比计的如下组分：ZnO：93.65％，Bi2O3：1.0％，Co3O4：0.2％，Y2O3：0.3％，NiO：0.3％，MnO：0.5，Sb2O3：1.95％，SiO2：0.5％，Al2O3：0.2％，SnO2：1.4％。
4.如权利要求1～3任一项所述电阻片的制备方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括如下步骤：
(1)电阻片原料中加入分散剂，用氧化锆研磨球以300～400r/min的速率研磨10～16h；
(2)将上述混合料干燥、粉碎，过20～40目筛后，加入聚乙烯醇混合；
(3)压片、排胶及烧结和干燥；
(4)涂覆电极，得电阻片。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(1)中分散剂包括原料重量0.9倍的无水乙醇。
6.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(2)中干燥为在120～150℃下干燥24～36h；所述聚乙烯醇占过筛后的粉料重量的5～10％。
7.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(3)中压片为在5～10MPa/cm2下保压2～5min的压片机中进行。
8.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(3)中排胶及烧结的步骤包括：
0.5h升温至100℃；3.3h升温至700℃，保温2h；用6h升温至1100℃，保温2h。
9.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(3)中干燥为在120℃下干燥12～16h。
10.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(4)中涂覆电极包括：在干燥后的电阻阀片两端面上喷铝电极，侧面涂低温玻璃釉。
CN201811119965.7A 2018-09-25 2018-09-25 一种避雷器用压敏电阻片及其制备方法 Pending CN110937890A (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811119965.7A CN110937890A (zh) 2018-09-25 2018-09-25 一种避雷器用压敏电阻片及其制备方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811119965.7A CN110937890A (zh) 2018-09-25 2018-09-25 一种避雷器用压敏电阻片及其制备方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN110937890A true CN110937890A (zh) 2020-03-31

Family

ID=69904511

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201811119965.7A Pending CN110937890A (zh) 2018-09-25 2018-09-25 一种避雷器用压敏电阻片及其制备方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN110937890A (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114914042A (zh) * 2022-05-07 2022-08-16 吉林昱丰电气科技有限公司 一种高能高残压比的非线性电阻片以及并联电路
CN116247636A (zh) * 2023-02-27 2023-06-09 深圳市天盾雷电技术有限公司 一种大功率多脉冲浪涌保护器

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3962144A (en) * 1973-10-19 1976-06-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Process for making a voltage dependent resistor
JPH03195003A (ja) * 1989-12-25 1991-08-26 Hokuriku Electric Ind Co Ltd 電圧非直線抵抗体
CN101383208A (zh) * 2008-10-27 2009-03-11 清华大学 一种高电压梯度氧化锌压敏电阻阀片的制备方法
CN102390992A (zh) * 2011-08-09 2012-03-28 南阳金冠电气有限公司 一种直流避雷器用电阻片及其生产工艺
CN105957666A (zh) * 2016-06-30 2016-09-21 全球能源互联网研究院 一种避雷器用压敏电阻阀片及其制备方法
CN106803449A (zh) * 2016-01-16 2017-06-06 国家电网公司 一种大容量小尺寸高梯度交流氧化锌电阻片及其制备工艺
CN106946560A (zh) * 2017-04-13 2017-07-14 贵州大学 Y3+、Sn4+复合施主掺杂ZnO压敏陶瓷及制备方法

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3962144A (en) * 1973-10-19 1976-06-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Process for making a voltage dependent resistor
JPH03195003A (ja) * 1989-12-25 1991-08-26 Hokuriku Electric Ind Co Ltd 電圧非直線抵抗体
CN101383208A (zh) * 2008-10-27 2009-03-11 清华大学 一种高电压梯度氧化锌压敏电阻阀片的制备方法
CN102390992A (zh) * 2011-08-09 2012-03-28 南阳金冠电气有限公司 一种直流避雷器用电阻片及其生产工艺
CN106803449A (zh) * 2016-01-16 2017-06-06 国家电网公司 一种大容量小尺寸高梯度交流氧化锌电阻片及其制备工艺
CN105957666A (zh) * 2016-06-30 2016-09-21 全球能源互联网研究院 一种避雷器用压敏电阻阀片及其制备方法
CN106946560A (zh) * 2017-04-13 2017-07-14 贵州大学 Y3+、Sn4+复合施主掺杂ZnO压敏陶瓷及制备方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
唐斌等: "高性能ZnO低压压敏电阻器的研制及产业化", 《现代技术陶瓷》 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114914042A (zh) * 2022-05-07 2022-08-16 吉林昱丰电气科技有限公司 一种高能高残压比的非线性电阻片以及并联电路
CN114914042B (zh) * 2022-05-07 2024-02-02 吉林昱丰电气科技有限公司 一种高能高残压比的非线性电阻片以及并联电路
CN116247636A (zh) * 2023-02-27 2023-06-09 深圳市天盾雷电技术有限公司 一种大功率多脉冲浪涌保护器
CN116247636B (zh) * 2023-02-27 2023-11-14 深圳市天盾雷电技术有限公司 一种大功率多脉冲浪涌保护器

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101367649B (zh) 一种氧化锌压敏电阻介质材料及电阻器制备方法
US10774011B2 (en) Lead-free high-insulating ceramic coating zinc oxide arrester valve and preparation method thereof
CN102390992B (zh) 一种直流避雷器用电阻片及其生产工艺
CN102633498B (zh) 一种低温烧结氧化锌压敏陶瓷材料及其制备方法
CN105272208B (zh) 一种氧化锌压敏电阻器介质材料及其制备方法
CN101604566B (zh) 一种适合低浪涌电压电器使用的氧化锌压敏电阻材料及制备方法
CN103030390A (zh) 一种氧化锌压敏电阻材料及制备方法
CN103693953A (zh) 一种中低压氧化锌压敏电阻及其制备方法
CN102617126B (zh) 一种低温烧结氧化锌压敏电阻材料及其制备方法
CN101880158A (zh) IVB族元素改性CaCu3Ti4O12基压敏材料及制备方法
CN102976747A (zh) 掺杂铌酸锂的钛酸钡基正温度系数电阻材料及其制备方法
CN110937890A (zh) 一种避雷器用压敏电阻片及其制备方法
CN105957666A (zh) 一种避雷器用压敏电阻阀片及其制备方法
CN105645948A (zh) 高电压梯度、低泄露电流压敏电阻陶瓷材料的制备方法
CN105622086A (zh) 制备高梯度氧化锌压敏电阻陶瓷的方法
CN105272205A (zh) 一种低温烧结氧化锌压敏电阻器材料及其制备方法
CN110078494B (zh) 一种氧化锌电阻片及其制备方法
CN110922182A (zh) 高梯度、低泄漏电流陶瓷的制备方法
CN102030522A (zh) 一种低平衡温度的ZnO-Bi2O3系压敏陶瓷介质
CN114373591A (zh) 一种电阻片及其制备工艺、氧化锌避雷器
CN103086712A (zh) 一种Bi2WO6改性的钛酸钡基无铅正温度系数电阻材料及其制备方法
CN113603476B (zh) 一种多点电极氧化锌压敏陶瓷的制备方法及电化学试验
CN105036742A (zh) 一种高居里点正温度系数电阻材料Ba3Li3Bi2Nb5O20及其制备方法
CN105272239A (zh) 一种高居里点正温度系数电阻材料Ba3Ti4V4O21及其制备方法
CN105198420A (zh) 一种高居里点正温度系数电阻材料Ba3Ti2V4O17及其制备方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20200331