CN110923044A - 一种难燃高温润滑剂组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种难燃高温润滑剂组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种难燃高温润滑剂组合物及其制备方法，该组合物包括以下组分：合成基础油60‑85％；高温抗氧剂1‑3％，高温抗磨剂0.5‑3％，固体润滑剂5‑15％，分散剂0.1‑2％，交联剂0.1‑1％，抗燃剂5‑30％。所述的合成基础油为偏苯三酸酯、季戊四醇复酯、季戊四醇双酯中的一种或多种。所述的高温抗氧剂为胺类抗氧剂或酚类抗氧剂中的一种或多种。所述的高温抗磨剂为含硫酯类抗磨剂、含磷酯类抗磨剂中的一种或多种。所述的抗燃剂为硬脂酸锌。配方中抗燃剂硬脂酸锌的加入可明显提高高温润滑剂的难燃性。该润滑剂组合物具有优异的极压抗磨性、抗氧性和优异的难燃性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及工业润滑剂领域，具体的涉及一种难燃高温润滑剂组合物及其制备方法。
技术背景
工业润滑领域涉及很多高温、重载的苛刻工况，极高的温度环境下，一旦超过润滑剂的闪点或难燃极限，极易发生火灾甚至是意想不到的状况。例如水泥生产过程中重要的设备之一回转窑，其轮带在270-370℃的高温和数十吨的负荷下长期工作。专利CN108285825 A报道了一种回转窑高温轮带剂及其制备方法，有效的解决了该工况下的极压润滑难题，但未提及轮带剂的高温难燃问题。专利WO 2009/148993 A2提供了一种阻燃润滑脂组合物及其制备方法，其中水是该润滑脂的主要结构成分同时也是起阻燃效果的主要成分，但与本发明难燃润滑剂的抗燃剂不是同一种物质。专利CN102124088 A公开了一种硬脂酸锌作为增稠剂的润滑剂组合物，该组合物应用于减速机或电动助力转向装置，同时具有耐热性优异、低摩擦、对聚酰胺树脂无攻击性的特点。专利CN106751197A公开了一种新型阻燃发泡材料，其阻燃成分为磷酸钙、三聚氰胺和氧化锌。硬脂酸锌是一种常用的大众化工原材料，主要用作热稳定剂、润滑剂、脱模剂和涂料添加剂，应用十分广泛。在干燥条件下具有可燃性，但其自燃点约为900℃。本发明将硬脂酸锌作为抗燃剂加入高温润滑剂中，可以大大提高高温润滑剂的抗燃性。
发明内容
本发明人意外的发现将具有超高自燃点的硬脂酸锌加入到高温润滑剂中后，可以大大提高高温润滑剂的抗燃性，同时不影响制备高温润滑剂组合物的润滑性能。基于此发现，针对工业润滑领域，高温重载工况条件下润滑剂极易自燃的技术难题，本发明提供了一种难燃高温润滑剂组合物。该润滑剂组合物以硬脂酸锌为抗燃剂，并配伍以合成基础油、高温抗氧剂、高温抗磨剂、固体润滑剂、稠化剂、交联剂。制备的难燃高温润滑剂组合物可以在高温重载苛刻工况下提供优异的抗氧化性、极压抗磨性和难燃性，有效的预防润滑剂燃烧及其引起的不必要损失。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种难燃高温润滑剂组合物，原料按重量配比为：合成基础油60-85％；高温抗氧剂1-3％，高温抗磨剂0.5-3％，固体润滑剂5-10％，分散剂0.1-2％，交联剂0.1-1％，抗燃剂5-30％。
进一步的，所述的合成基础油为偏苯三酸酯、季戊四醇复酯、季戊四醇双酯中的任意一种或几种，所述合成基础油40℃粘度为200-350mm2/s。
进一步的，所述的高温抗氧剂为胺类抗氧剂或酚类抗氧剂中的任意一种或多种。
进一步的，所述的高温抗磨剂为含硫酯类抗磨剂、含磷酯类抗磨剂中的任意一种或多种。
进一步的，所述的固体润滑剂为鳞片石墨、胶体石墨中的任意一种或多种。
进一步的，所述的分散剂为有机膨润土。
进一步的，所述的交联剂为乙醇、丙酮中的任意一种。
进一步的，所述的抗燃剂为硬脂酸锌。
本发明还提供了一种难燃高温润滑剂组合物其制备方法，具体为：
(1)、将合成基础油、高温抗氧剂、高温抗磨剂、固体润润滑剂、分散剂、抗燃剂依次加入容器中，然后开启机械搅拌升温至70℃，持续搅拌10min，然后降温至40℃，加入交联剂继续搅拌5min。
(2)、将步骤(1)中所得混合物通过三辊研磨机均质三遍，可得最终产物。本发明的优点是：
1、制备的难燃高温润滑剂组合物显著提高了极高温度环境下润滑剂难燃性。
2、制备的难燃高温润滑剂组合物可以在高温重载苛刻工况下提供优异的抗氧化性、极压抗磨性。
3、制备的难燃高温润滑剂组合物具有优异的储放稳定性，固体润滑剂、抗燃剂粉末不易沉降。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体的实施例对本发明做进一步的阐述和说明：
实施例1
(1)、将69.5g的季戊四醇复酯、2g的辛基丁基二苯胺抗氧剂(L57)、2g的二烷基硫化烯烃(2540)、10g的胶体石墨、1g的有机膨润土、15g的硬脂酸锌依次加入容器中，然后开启机械搅拌升温至70℃，持续搅拌10min，然后降温至40℃，加入0.5g的交联剂继续搅拌5min。
(2)、将步骤(1)中所得混合物通过三辊研磨机均质三遍，可得最终产物。
实施例2
(1)、将64.5g的季戊四醇复酯、2g的辛基丁基二苯胺抗氧剂(L57)、2g的二烷基硫化烯烃(2540)、10g的胶体石墨、1g的有机膨润土、20g的硬脂酸锌依次加入容器中，然后开启机械搅拌升温至70℃，持续搅拌10min，然后降温至40℃，加入0.5g的交联剂继续搅拌5min。
(2)、将步骤(1)中所得混合物通过三辊研磨机均质三遍，可得最终产物。
实施例3
(1)、将59.5g的季戊四醇复酯、2g的辛基丁基二苯胺抗氧剂(L57)、2g的二烷基硫化烯烃(2540)、10g的胶体石墨、1g的有机膨润土、25g的硬脂酸锌依次加入容器中，然后开启机械搅拌升温至70℃，持续搅拌10min，然后降温至40℃，加入0.5g的交联剂继续搅拌5min。
(2)、将步骤(1)中所得混合物通过三辊研磨机均质三遍，可得最终产物。
实施例4
(1)、将70g的偏苯三酸酯、1.5g的辛基丁基二苯胺抗氧剂(L57)、2g的烷基硫代磷酸酯(R353)、10g的鳞片石墨、1g的有机膨润土、15g的硬脂酸锌依次加入容器中，然后开启机械搅拌升温至70℃，持续搅拌10min，然后降温至40℃，加入0.5g的交联剂继续搅拌5min。
(2)、将步骤(1)中所得混合物通过三辊研磨机均质三遍，可得最终产物。
实施例5
(1)、将39.5g的偏苯三酸酯和30.5g的季戊四醇双酯、1.5g的硫醚羟基叔丁基酚抗氧剂(L115)、2g的烷基硫代磷酸酯(R353)、10g的鳞片石墨、1g的有机膨润土、15g的硬脂酸锌依次加入容器中，然后开启机械搅拌升温至70℃，持续搅拌10min，然后降温至40℃，加入0.5g的交联剂继续搅拌5min。
(2)、将步骤(1)中所得混合物通过三辊研磨机均质三遍，可得最终产物。
实施例6
(1)、将69.5g的季戊四醇复酯、1.5g的硫醚羟基叔丁基酚抗氧剂(L115)、2g的烷基硫代磷酸酯(R353)、10g的鳞片石墨、1g的有机膨润土、5g的硬脂酸锌依次加入容器中，然后开启机械搅拌升温至70℃，持续搅拌10min，然后降温至40℃，加入0.5g的交联剂继续搅拌5min。
(2)、将步骤(1)中所得混合物通过三辊研磨机均质三遍，可得最终产物。
实施例7
(1)、将49.5g的偏苯三酸酯和35.5g的季戊四醇双酯、1.5g的硫醚羟基叔丁基酚抗氧剂(L115)、2g的烷基硫代磷酸酯(R353)、10g的鳞片石墨、1g的有机膨润土、30g的硬脂酸锌依次加入容器中，然后开启机械搅拌升温至70℃，持续搅拌10min，然后降温至40℃，加入0.5g的交联剂继续搅拌5min。
(2)、将步骤(1)中所得混合物通过三辊研磨机均质三遍，可得最终产物。
对比例1
(1)、将84.5g的季戊四醇复酯、2g的辛基丁基二苯胺抗氧剂(L57)、2g的二烷基硫化烯烃(2540)、10g的胶体石墨、1g的有机膨润土、依次加入容器中，然后开启机械搅拌升温至70℃，持续搅拌10min，然后降温至40℃，加入0.5g的交联剂继续搅拌5min。
(2)、将步骤(1)中所得混合物通过三辊研磨机均质三遍，可得最终产物。
本发明人根据GB/T 269-1991润滑脂和石油脂锥入度测定法，通过1/4锥评定制备难燃高温润滑剂组合物的锥入度或流体流动性。根据SH/T 0719-2002润滑油氧化诱导期(压力差示扫描量热法)评定制备难燃润滑剂组合物的抗氧化性能。根据GB/T 12583润滑剂极压性能测定法(四球法)评定制备难燃润滑剂组合物的烧结负荷或极压性能。通过高速离心的方法，试验条件5000rpm、0.5h，评定制备难燃润滑剂组合物的分散性能。
实施例与对比例所制备难燃润滑剂组合物为流体或半流体状态，其检测性能典型数据如表1
表1实施例1-7与对比例1的典型数据
本发明人根据SH/T 0567-1993难燃液压液歧管着火试验法，分别对实施例1-5与对比例1进行着火试验。试验过程中控制不锈钢管温度704±10℃，从距离不锈钢管50-100mm的位置向不锈钢管的不同点，以每40-60s的速度滴加10ml试验样品，观察试验样品的着火现象。具体试验结果见表2。
表2实施例1-5与对比例1的歧管着火试验结果
| 滴在不锈钢管上现象 | 从不锈钢管滑落后现象 | |
| 实施例1 | 不闪火、不燃烧 | 不闪火、不燃烧 |
| 实施例2 | 不闪火、不燃烧 | 不闪火、不燃烧 |
| 实施例3 | 不闪火、不燃烧 | 不闪火、不燃烧 |
| 实施例4 | 不闪火、不燃烧 | 不闪火、不燃烧 |
| 实施例5 | 不闪火、不燃烧 | 不闪火、不燃烧 |
| 实施例6 | 闪火 | 不闪火、不燃烧 |
| 实施例7 | 不闪火、不燃烧 | 不闪火、不燃烧 |
| 对比例1 | 燃烧 | 燃烧 |
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种难燃高温润滑剂组合物，其特征在于，原料的重量配比如下：
合成基础油：60-85％；
高温抗氧剂：1-3％；
高温抗磨剂：0.5-3％；
固体润滑剂：5-10％；
分散剂：0.1-2％；
交联剂：0.1-1％；
抗燃剂：5-30％；
所述的抗燃剂为硬脂酸锌。
2.根据权利要求1所述的难燃高温润滑剂组合物，其特征在于，所述的合成基础油为季戊四醇复酯、季戊四醇双酯、偏苯三酸酯等合成酯类油中的任意一种或多种，所述合成基础油40℃粘度为200-350mm2/s。
3.根据权利要求1所述的难燃高温润滑剂组合物，其特征在于，所述的高温抗氧剂为胺类、酚类抗氧剂中的任意一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的难燃高温润滑剂组合物，其特征在于，所述的高温抗磨剂为含硫酯类抗磨剂、含磷酯类抗磨剂中的任意一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的难燃高温润滑剂组合物，其特征在于，所述的固体润滑剂为鳞片石墨、胶体石墨中的任意一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的难燃高温润滑剂组合物，其特征在于，所述的分散剂为有机膨润土。
7.根据权利要求1所述的难燃高温润滑剂组合物，其特征在于，所述的交联剂为乙醇、丙酮中的任意一种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的难燃高温润滑剂组合物的制备方法，步骤如下：
(1)将合成基础油、高温抗氧剂、高温抗磨剂、固体润润滑剂、分散剂、抗燃剂依次加入容器中，然后开启机械搅拌升温至70℃，持续搅拌10min，然后降温至40℃，加入交联剂继续搅拌5min；
(2)将步骤(1)中所得混合物通过三辊研磨机均质三遍，可得最终产物。
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