CN110922271A - Water and fertilizer synergistic regulation and control method for dry land soil - Google Patents
Water and fertilizer synergistic regulation and control method for dry land soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN110922271A CN110922271A CN201911330211.0A CN201911330211A CN110922271A CN 110922271 A CN110922271 A CN 110922271A CN 201911330211 A CN201911330211 A CN 201911330211A CN 110922271 A CN110922271 A CN 110922271A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of dry land soil regulation, and particularly relates to a water and fertilizer synergistic regulation and control method for dry land soil; a method for regulating and controlling the water and fertilizer of dry land soil synergistically comprises the following steps of utilizing raw materials of 20-30% of potato processed starch waste residues, 40-55% of cow dung, 5-10% of seaweed meal, 5-10% of acrylamide and 5-10% of attapulgite in mass ratio; the method is characterized in that agricultural waste potato processing starch waste residue, cow dung and microbial inoculum are taken as main materials, and auxiliary materials such as seaweed meal, acrylamide and attapulgite are added to carry out biological fermentation.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the field of dry land soil regulation, and particularly relates to a water and fertilizer synergistic regulation and control method for dry land soil.
Background art:
the dry land agriculture is an important component part of agricultural production in China, is an important production area of grain and oil in China, and is also an important base for forestry and animal husbandry. The water and soil fertility of the dry farmland are main stress factors influencing the dry farmland agricultural production, and the water and soil fertility are mutually linked, complemented and coupled and cooperated, so that the method has important effects on the aspects of dry farmland soil fertility maintenance, high-efficiency utilization of water and fertilizer, agricultural production, yield potential excavation and the like.
At present, the common water and fertilizer regulation and control technology for the dry land agricultural soil is mainly to use special chemical preparations for regulation and control, and the water and the soil fertility are split, so that the combined synergistic effect of the water and the fertilizer is ignored. Soil and crops are usually taken as regulation objects, and the regulation mode is to directly apply chemical agents into the soil or the crops, wherein the chemical agents comprise surface soil structure modifiers, soil activators, soil water retention agents, crop antitranspirant agents and the like.
The invention content is as follows:
aiming at the defects that the cost of raw materials is high, the water and fertilizer synergistic regulation of the dry land soil cannot be effectively carried out and the like in the prior art, the invention provides a water and fertilizer synergistic regulation method of the dry land soil.
A method for synergistically regulating and controlling water and fertilizer of dry land soil utilizes raw materials of potato starch processing waste residue, cow dung, seaweed powder, acrylamide and attapulgite.
Preferably, the water and fertilizer regulation and control method utilizes raw materials which comprise, by mass, 20-30% of potato processed starch waste residues, 40-55% of cow dung, 5-10% of seaweed meal, 5-10% of acrylamide and 5-10% of attapulgite.
Preferably, the water content of the potato processing starch waste residue is less than 35%, and the cow dung is decomposed cow dung after microbial fermentation treatment.
Preferably, the soil water and fertilizer cooperative regulation method comprises the following specific operation steps:
the first step is as follows: the integral dehydration of the starch waste residue in the potato processing is finished by a squeezing method, so that the water content is less than 35 percent;
the second step is as follows: adding a microbial agent into the cow dung for quick fermentation and decomposition;
the third step: weighing potato processing starch waste residue, cow dung, seaweed powder, acrylamide and attapulgite according to the mass proportion, uniformly mixing the weighed potato processing starch waste residue, cow dung, seaweed powder, acrylamide and attapulgite and bagging;
the fourth step: and weighing the uniformly mixed fertilizer, applying the fertilizer into each mu of land according to 40-60kg of the fertilizer, and ploughing to cooperatively regulate and control the water and fertilizer of the dry land soil.
Preferably, the water content of the cow dung in the step two is 20% -30%.
Preferably, the microbial agent is one or more of clostridium, bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, rhodopseudomonas palustris, saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria.
The method is characterized in that agricultural waste potato processing starch waste residue, cow dung and microbial inoculum are taken as main materials, and auxiliary materials such as seaweed meal, acrylamide and attapulgite are added to carry out biological fermentation.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows the variation of plant height and stem thickness of maize plants by different control methods;
FIG. 2 shows the variation of the double-stick rate of corn by different control methods.
FIG. 3 is a graph of the effect of different regulatory approaches on maize yield traits.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the first embodiment is as follows:
a water and fertilizer synergistic regulation and control method for dry land soil comprises the following raw materials, by mass, 30% of potato processed starch waste residues, 55% of cow dung, 5% of seaweed meal, 5% of acrylamide and 5% of attapulgite, wherein the water content of the potato processed starch waste residues is less than 20%, and the cow dung is decomposed cow dung after microbial fermentation treatment.
The method for cooperatively regulating and controlling the water and fertilizer of the soil comprises the following specific operation steps:
the first step is as follows: the integral dehydration of the starch waste residue in the potato processing is finished by a squeezing method, so that the water content is less than 20 percent;
the second step is as follows: adding cow dung into a mixture of clostridium, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus for rapid fermentation and decomposition;
the third step: weighing potato processed starch waste residues, cow dung, seaweed powder, acrylamide and attapulgite according to a mass ratio, uniformly mixing the weighed potato processed starch waste residues, cow dung, seaweed powder, acrylamide and attapulgite, and bagging, wherein the water content of the cow dung is 20%;
the fourth step: and weighing the uniformly mixed fertilizer, applying the fertilizer into each mu of land according to 40kg of the fertilizer, and ploughing to cooperatively regulate and control the water and fertilizer of the dry land soil.
Example two:
a water and fertilizer synergistic regulation and control method for dry land soil comprises the following raw materials, by mass, 25% of potato processed starch waste residues, 50% of cow dung, 7% of seaweed meal, 8% of acrylamide and 10% of attapulgite, wherein the water content of the potato processed starch waste residues is less than 25%, and the cow dung is decomposed cow dung after microbial fermentation treatment.
The method for cooperatively regulating and controlling the water and fertilizer of the soil comprises the following specific operation steps:
the first step is as follows: the integral dehydration of the starch waste residue in the potato processing is finished by a squeezing method, so that the water content is less than 25 percent;
the second step is as follows: adding the cow dung into bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus and rhodopseudomonas palustris to perform rapid fermentation and decomposition;
the third step: weighing potato processed starch waste residues, cow dung, seaweed powder, acrylamide and attapulgite according to a mass ratio, uniformly mixing the weighed potato processed starch waste residues, cow dung, seaweed powder, acrylamide and attapulgite, and bagging, wherein the moisture content of the cow dung is 25%;
the fourth step: and weighing the uniformly mixed fertilizer, applying the fertilizer into each mu of land according to 50kg of the fertilizer, and ploughing to cooperatively regulate and control the water and fertilizer of the dry land soil.
Example three:
a water and fertilizer synergistic regulation and control method for dry land soil comprises the following raw materials, by mass, 30% of potato processed starch waste residues, 40% of cow dung, 10% of seaweed meal, 10% of acrylamide and 10% of attapulgite, wherein the water content of the potato processed starch waste residues is less than 35%, and the cow dung is decomposed cow dung after microbial fermentation treatment.
The method for cooperatively regulating and controlling the water and fertilizer of the soil comprises the following specific operation steps:
the first step is as follows: the integral dehydration of the starch waste residue in the potato processing is finished by a squeezing method, so that the water content is less than 35 percent;
the second step is as follows: adding the cow dung into bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus and rhodopseudomonas palustris to perform rapid fermentation and decomposition;
the third step: weighing potato processed starch waste residues, cow dung, seaweed powder, acrylamide and attapulgite according to a mass ratio, uniformly mixing the weighed potato processed starch waste residues, cow dung, seaweed powder, acrylamide and attapulgite, and bagging, wherein the water content of the cow dung is 30%;
the fourth step: and weighing the uniformly mixed fertilizer, applying the fertilizer into each mu of land according to 50kg of the fertilizer, and ploughing to cooperatively regulate and control the water and fertilizer of the dry land soil.
Aiming at the problems of uneven rainfall distribution, insufficient soil moisture conservation capacity of soil in Ningnan mountainous areas and the like, the storage and capacity expansion technology which takes soil moisture storage capacity regulation as an entry point, takes cow dung fermented bio-organic fertilizer as a main line and is formed by an organic and inorganic material compounding technology to improve soil organic matters and construct a soil aggregate structure as a core is adopted. The synergistic mechanism and effect of soil fertilization and soil moisture storage capacity are clarified, the relation between farmland soil moisture storage capacity change and crop growth is further analyzed, the coupling and compensation mechanism of soil moisture change and rainfall resources under field conditions is analyzed, and the purpose of mining the high yield potential of crops is achieved.
A random block design is adopted, and 7 treatments are set and divided into T1K: singly applying fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer) (CK) (20-8-3); T2K: 500kg/667m2 of cow dung fermented fertilizer and chemical fertilizer; T3K: straw (400kg/667m2), and fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer); T4K: storage-expanding capacity-increasing materials (100 kg/667m2 of potato processing starch waste residue, 50kg/667m2 of seaweed meal, 20kg/667m2 of acrylamide and 10kg/667m2 of attapulgite); T5K: a storage-expanding and capacity-increasing fertilizer 1 (a storage-expanding and capacity-increasing material, a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer); T6K: a storage-expanding and capacity-increasing fertilizer 2 (cow dung fermented fertilizer and a storage-expanding and capacity-increasing material); T7K: and a storage-expanding and capacity-increasing fertilizer 3 (cow dung fermented fertilizer, storage-expanding and capacity-increasing material, nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizer). Test site: consolidating primordial head, settling Yinshancun, testing soil total nitrogen 0.73g, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen 48.2mg, quick-acting phosphorus 31.8mg, quick-acting potassium 324g, organic matter 11.7g, pH8.5, and total salt 0.65 g; the test soil was used for planting crops: corn;
the test results of the influence of different regulation and control treatments on the plant height and the stem thickness of the corn show that (figure 1), different test treatments have different influences on the plant height and the stem thickness of the corn in dry land soil, firstly, from the height of the corn, the increasing application of chemical fertilizers (T1K, T5K and T7K) has certain promotion effect on the plant height of the corn, and compared with the single application of the fertilizer, the single application of the storage-expansion capacity-increasing material or the matched application of the bio-organic fertilizer has no promotion effect on the plant height of the corn; secondly, from the perspective of the corn stalk thickness, the single application of the storage-expanding capacity-increasing material or the single application of the fertilizer and the matched application of the two have certain promotion effect on the corn stalk thickness, and the use of the cow dung bio-organic fertilizer or the matched application of the storage-expanding capacity-increasing material slightly reduces the corn stalk thickness compared with other treatments. Therefore, the increase of the plant height and the stem thickness of the corn is facilitated by the application of the storage-expansion and capacity-increase material or the chemical fertilizer matched with the material, but the analysis needs to be further combined with soil test data.
The influence of different regulation and control treatments on the corn double-stick rate is shown in fig. 2, and the application of the soil accumulation increasing and capacity increasing material, the biological organic fertilizer, the straw and the organic fertilizer in combination respectively have obvious increasing effect on the corn double-stick rate compared with the single application of the fertilizer, wherein the corn double-stick rate of the soil accumulation increasing material in combination with the organic fertilizer is the highest and reaches 36.0%. While the increased contribution rate of applying chemical fertilizer or chemical fertilizer and other formulations to the corn double-stick is lower. Therefore, the probability of double-stick formation of the corn can be improved by applying the soil water-storage-increasing material with the biological organic fertilizer.
Effect of different regulatory treatments on maize yield traits it can be seen from figure 3 that the effect of different treatments on maize yield traits varies. Firstly, from the biological yield of corn, the biological yield of corn is increased by applying the biological organic fertilizer or the soil storage and expansion and capacity increasing material and the fertilizer, compared with the single fertilizer, the biological yield of corn is increased, and the biological yield of the storage and expansion and capacity increasing material, the organic fertilizer and the fertilizer is reduced to different degrees compared with the biological yield of corn by applying the fertilizer, which is probably in a certain relation that the local cow dung resource is rich and the carbon nitrogen imbalance of soil is caused by the long-term organic fertilizer input. And secondly, from the view of the yield of the fresh corn sticks, the application of the soil storage-increasing capacity-increasing material or the soil storage-increasing capacity-increasing material has a relatively obvious yield-increasing effect on the yield of the fresh corn sticks compared with the single-application of the chemical fertilizer and the single-application of the chemical fertilizer, and the application of the organic fertilizer or the straws and the organic fertilizer is not beneficial to the increase of the yield of the fresh corn sticks compared with the single-application of the chemical fertilizer, so that the local cattle manure returning amount is large, the soil carbon nitrogen imbalance is caused, the soil carbon nitrogen ratio can be adjusted by applying the nitrogen fertilizer or the soil storage-increasing capacity-increasing material, the soil carbon storage capacity is activated, and the soil environment quality is optimized. Finally, from the view of the corn kernel yield, the change trend of the corn kernel yield is basically consistent with that of the fresh corn cob yield, and the corn kernel yield is obviously improved after the storage-expanding capacity-increasing material is applied.
Claims (6)
1. A method for synergistically regulating and controlling water and fertilizer of dry land soil is characterized by comprising the following steps: the raw materials used by the water and fertilizer regulation and control method are potato starch processing waste residue, cow dung, seaweed powder, acrylamide and attapulgite.
2. The method for synergistically regulating the water and fertilizer of the dry land soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the water and fertilizer regulation and control method utilizes the raw materials with the mass ratio of 20-30% of potato processed starch waste residue, 30-55% of cow dung, 5-10% of seaweed meal, 5-10% of acrylamide and 5-10% of attapulgite.
3. The method for synergistically regulating the water and fertilizer of the dry land soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the water content of the potato processing starch waste residue is less than 35 percent, and the cow dung is decomposed cow dung after microbial fermentation treatment.
4. The method for synergistically regulating the water and fertilizer of the dry land soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the soil water and fertilizer cooperative regulation and control method comprises the following specific operation steps:
the first step is as follows: the integral dehydration of the starch waste residue in the potato processing is finished by a squeezing method, so that the water content is less than 35 percent;
the second step is as follows: adding a microbial agent into the cow dung for quick fermentation and decomposition;
the third step: weighing potato processing starch waste residue, cow dung, seaweed powder, acrylamide and attapulgite according to the mass proportion, uniformly mixing the weighed potato processing starch waste residue, cow dung, seaweed powder, acrylamide and attapulgite and bagging;
the fourth step: and weighing the uniformly mixed fertilizer, applying the fertilizer into each mu of land according to 40-60kg of the fertilizer, and ploughing to cooperatively regulate and control the water and fertilizer of the dry land soil.
5. The method for synergistically regulating the water and fertilizer of the dry land soil according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: and the water content of the cow dung in the step two is 20% -30%.
6. The method for synergistically regulating the water and fertilizer of the dry land soil according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the microbial agent is one or more of clostridium, bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, rhodopseudomonas palustris, saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112166731A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-01-05 | 杭州植物园(杭州西湖园林科学研究院) | Method for improving physical and chemical properties of soil |
| CN114041387A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-15 | 宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所（宁夏土壤与植物营养重点实验室） | Planting management method for improving commodity rate of greenhouse cucumbers |
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| CN106673912A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-05-17 | 詹笑 | Water-retaining bioorganic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107892635A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-10 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of soil for improving conservation ability and promoting absorption ability organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109928851A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-06-25 | 江西正合生态农业有限公司 | A kind of solid organic fertilizer and its production method beneficial to soil improvement |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN104230418A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2014-12-24 | 江西东荣实业集团有限公司 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer by fermenting cattle manure |
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| CN107892635A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-04-10 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of soil for improving conservation ability and promoting absorption ability organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112166731A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-01-05 | 杭州植物园(杭州西湖园林科学研究院) | Method for improving physical and chemical properties of soil |
| CN114041387A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-15 | 宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所（宁夏土壤与植物营养重点实验室） | Planting management method for improving commodity rate of greenhouse cucumbers |
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