CN110899308B - Household garbage-oriented recycling system and method - Google Patents
Household garbage-oriented recycling system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110899308B CN110899308B CN201911370303.1A CN201911370303A CN110899308B CN 110899308 B CN110899308 B CN 110899308B CN 201911370303 A CN201911370303 A CN 201911370303A CN 110899308 B CN110899308 B CN 110899308B
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- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 171
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005108 dry cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012771 household material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000809 air pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100001243 air pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003933 environmental pollution control Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010040904 Skin odour abnormal Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a household garbage-oriented recycling system, which is characterized in that: comprises a closed chain plate distributor (1), a strong feeding plate hammer breaking device (3) and a first roller screen (4) which are connected in sequence through a conveying device (2); the first roller screen (4) returns to the strong feeding plate hammering device (3) through three conveying devices (2) and is conveyed to the first magnetic vortex separation device (5) and the negative pressure vibration separation device (6) respectively; the negative pressure vibration sorting equipment (6) is respectively connected with a light material treatment line and a heavy material treatment line; the invention is especially suitable for sorting and recycling the municipal solid waste, and the municipal solid waste-oriented recycling production line can realize reduction, recycling and harmless treatment on the municipal landfill domestic waste and reduce the pressure of the garbage surrounding city.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of household garbage classification treatment, and particularly relates to a household garbage-oriented recycling system and method.
Background
At present, along with the continuous acceleration of the urban process, china is in the process of improving the living standard of residents and increasing the population sharply, and the clear transportation and accumulation of urban garbage in China are rapidly increased. According to data, 2016 nationwide household garbage collection amount is about 21500.5 ten thousand tons, the average annual growth rate is as high as 8% -10%, and the rapid growth rate is realized, so that the garbage accumulation amount in China reaches 80 hundred million tons in the past year. The problem of urban garbage has become one of the public nuisance problems affecting the social economic development process, a large amount of garbage is accumulated around the cities, and more than two thirds of cities in China are plagued with 'garbage surrounding cities'.
At present, the garbage disposal modes in China mainly comprise three methods of sanitary landfill, incineration and composting. Most of the garbage disposal is mainly landfill, and according to statistics, 1900 garbage landfills are operated nationally in 2016, and the proportion of the garbage disposal accounts for about 60% of the total garbage. Because of the advantages of lower construction and operation cost, simple operation and large treatment capacity. But at the same time there are a number of disadvantages: firstly, a large amount of land is occupied, site selection is difficult, and land dialing cost is high; secondly, a large amount of garbage contained resources are wasted, garbage is artificially changed into 'resources which cannot be increased and huge wealth which is thrown away', and the recycling treatment requirement cannot be met; thirdly, environmental pollution is caused, the water quality of the land and the underground is polluted due to leakage of percolate in the landfill, the pollution is diffused to the periphery and the underground deep layer along with the increment of the accumulation amount and the continuation of time, and meanwhile, toxic and odor bodies emitted by garbage diffuse to the periphery to form three-dimensional pollution in the air, the periphery and the underground.
Meanwhile, the landfill workload is increased continuously, the landfill sites are required to be built and newly built, the cost of the newly built landfill sites on the land is rapidly increased along with the rising of the price of the land, the cost of the new landfill sites on the land is also increased rapidly, the cost of the new landfill sites is hundreds of millions even though the land is not considered, and along with the increasing scarcity of the urban land, the new landfill sites on the land are almost impossible. Refuse disposal faces the serious situation that it is difficult to build a landfill, and old landfills are more than the reservoir capacity is exhausted. In order to solve the serious problems, the scheme needs to be quickly taken out, so that the garbage in the landfill is properly disposed, the storage capacity is vacated, and the urgency of being seen is overcome.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at least one of the defects or the improvement demands of the prior art, the invention provides a household garbage-oriented recycling production line, which is particularly suitable for sorting and recycling of municipal household garbage, and the household garbage-oriented recycling production line can realize reduction, recycling and harmless treatment of municipal landfill household garbage and reduce the pressure of garbage surrounding cities.
In order to achieve the above purpose, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a recycling system for household garbage, including a closed chain plate spreader, a strong feeding plate hammer breaking device, and a first roller screen connected in sequence by a conveying device; the first roller screen returns to the strong feeding plate hammering device and is conveyed to the first magnetic vortex separation device and the negative pressure vibration separation device through three conveying devices respectively; the negative pressure vibration sorting equipment is respectively connected with a light material treatment line and a heavy material treatment line;
the closed chain plate distributor is used for uniformly distributing the house refuse which enters in a pile shape;
the strong feeding plate hammer breaking equipment is used for breaking household garbage and discharging materials with the particle size below a first particle size;
the first roller screen is used for classifying materials into three types according to particle sizes, conveying the materials with the particle sizes larger than the first particle size back to the strong feeding plate hammer breaking equipment for secondary breaking, conveying the materials with the particle sizes smaller than the third particle size to the first magnetic vortex separation equipment, and conveying the materials with the particle sizes of the third particle size and the second particle size to the negative pressure vibration separation equipment; wherein the first particle size > the second particle size > the third particle size;
the first magnetic vortex separation equipment is used for separating out metal and collecting the rest humus soil for standby;
the negative pressure vibration sorting equipment breaks up materials by vibration, the principle of negative pressure conveying divides the materials into two types, and light materials are conveyed to the light material treatment line from the top under the action of negative pressure for treatment; heavy materials are conveyed to the heavy material treatment line from the lower part under the action of gravity for treatment.
Preferably, the light material treatment line comprises a cyclone spiral discharger, a friction drying and scattering device, a double-friction dry cleaner, a second magnetic vortex sorting device and a polymerization production device which are connected in sequence;
the cyclone spiral discharger is used for separating light matters through the action of centrifugal force and discharging air with oil sludge dust;
the friction drying and scattering equipment is used for enabling the selected light materials to pass through the blades rotating at high speed, so that the light materials are rubbed with each other at high speed, and hot air with preset temperature is introduced in the friction process, so that the light materials are sufficiently scattered and dried;
the double-friction dry cleaner is used for dry cleaning and removing dust and rust attached to the surface of the light matters;
the second magnetic vortex separation equipment is used for separating metals;
the polymerization production equipment is used for carrying out polymerization production.
Preferably, the polymerization production equipment comprises a bin, a polymerization machine, a first crusher, a bin, a mill unit, a cyclone unit, a vibrating screen and a bin which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the heavy material treatment line comprises a third magnetic vortex separation device, an inclined plate elastic separation device, a second crusher and a plastic treatment device which are connected in sequence;
the third magnetic vortex separation equipment is used for separating iron, stainless steel and nonferrous metals and conveying sundries to the inclined plate elastic separation equipment;
the inclined plate elastic sorting equipment divides materials into three types according to the principle that different materials have different elasticity, namely light materials, medium light materials and heavy materials;
the second crusher is used for crushing the medium and light materials, the crushed fine materials are conveyed to the inclined plate elastic sorting equipment for elastic sorting, rubber elastic materials are sorted, and the rest plastics are conveyed to the plastic processing equipment;
the second crusher is also used for crushing the heavy objects and screening out two types, namely plastic and masonry.
Preferably, the plastic treatment equipment comprises a dryer, a friction dry cleaning equipment, a bin, an elastic sorting machine, a heating friction electric sorting machine, a bin, a grinding mill unit, a cyclone unit, a vibrating screen and a bin which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the recycling system further comprises dust removal equipment which is respectively connected with the closed chain plate distributing machine, the strong feeding plate hammering equipment, the first roller screen, the negative pressure vibration sorting equipment and the friction drying and scattering equipment for dust removal.
Preferably, the dust removing equipment comprises a negative pressure air pipe, a dust collector and a fan which are connected in sequence;
the negative pressure air pipe is respectively connected with the closed chain plate distributor, the strong feeding plate hammer breaking device, the first roller screen, the negative pressure vibration sorting device and the friction drying and scattering device.
Preferably, manual sorting platforms are arranged on two sides of the conveying equipment between the closed chain plate spreader and the strong feeding plate hammering equipment and are used for sorting materials which cannot enter the strong feeding plate hammering equipment.
Preferably, a magnetic separation device is arranged on the conveying device between the closed chain plate spreader and the strong feeding plate hammer breaking device and is used for separating ferrous metals;
and/or the number of the groups of groups,
and magnetic separation equipment is arranged on conveying equipment between the strong feeding plate hammer breaking equipment and the first roller screen and used for separating ferrous metals.
In order to achieve the above object, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for recycling household garbage, which adopts the aforementioned recycling system for household garbage, and includes the following steps:
s1, starting a recycling system, wherein household garbage enters a closed chain plate distributor through a feed inlet, and the closed chain plate distributor conveys and uniformly distributes the household garbage in a pile shape on the closed chain plate distributor; and purifying the dust generated in the closed chain plate distributor by air;
s2, the uniformly distributed household garbage enters conveying equipment through an outlet of a closed chain plate distributor and is conveyed into a strong feeding plate hammer breaking device;
s3, crushing the household garbage by using a strong feeding plate hammer breaking device, and discharging materials with the particle size below a first particle size; and the dust generated in the strong feeding plate hammer breaking equipment is subjected to air purification;
s4, enabling the crushed household garbage to enter conveying equipment through an outlet of the strong feeding plate hammer breaking equipment and conveying the household garbage to a first roller screen;
s5, classifying the materials into three types according to the particle size in a first roller sieve;
conveying the materials with the particle size larger than the first particle size back to the strong feeding plate hammer breaking equipment for secondary breaking;
conveying the materials with the particle size smaller than the third particle size to the first magnetic vortex separation equipment, separating out metals, and collecting the rest humus soil for later use;
feeding the materials with the third particle size and the second particle size to negative pressure vibration sorting equipment;
wherein the first particle size > the second particle size > the third particle size; and air-purifying dust generated in the first roller screen;
s6, separating the materials into light materials and heavy materials in negative pressure vibration separation equipment by vibration scattering and negative pressure conveying, wherein the light materials enter a conveying pipeline from the top under the action of negative pressure and are conveyed to a light material treatment line for treatment; heavy materials are conveyed to a heavy material treatment line from a lower discharge hole under the action of gravity for treatment;
s7, the light materials separated through negative pressure vibration enter a cyclone spiral discharger, the light materials are separated through the action of centrifugal force, and air with oil sludge dust is discharged; the separated light materials are further subjected to friction drying and scattering equipment, the light materials are rubbed with each other at a high speed through the blades rotating at a high speed, and hot air with a preset temperature is introduced in the friction process, so that the light materials are sufficiently scattered and dried; the scattered and dried light materials enter a double-friction dry cleaner for further dry cleaning, dust and rust attached to the surface of the light materials are removed, and dust generated in the double-friction dry cleaner is purified by air; then the second magnetic vortex separation equipment is used for separating metal, so that the content of the metal is reduced, the purity of the light material is improved, and the light material is conveyed to the polymerization production equipment for polymerization production;
s8, carrying out magnetic vortex separation on heavy materials separated by negative pressure vibration in third magnetic vortex separation equipment, separating iron, stainless steel and nonferrous metals, conveying the residual sundries to inclined plate elastic separation equipment, and separating the materials into three types according to the principle that different materials are elastic and different, namely light materials, medium and light materials and heavy materials; the medium and light materials are further crushed by a second crusher, the crushed fine materials are conveyed to the inclined plate elastic sorting equipment for elastic sorting, rubber elastic materials are sorted out, the rest plastics are conveyed to the plastic processing equipment, and the plastics are dried and electrically sorted for a plurality of times and divided into a plurality of parts; the weight is crushed by a second crusher, and is screened after crushing, and the two types of plastic and masonry are separated.
The above-described preferred technical features may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
1. the household garbage-oriented recycling system and the household garbage-oriented recycling method are particularly suitable for sorting and recycling of municipal household garbage, and the household garbage-oriented recycling production line can realize reduction, recycling and harmless treatment on municipal landfill household garbage and reduce the pressure of garbage surrounding cities.
2. The invention discloses a recycling system and a recycling method for household garbage, which are based on the garbage treatment principle of 'reduction, recycling and harmless', and provide a solution for classifying and recycling household garbage of a landfill through fine screening and screening objects, so that the garbage is turned into wealth, is not waste in the traditional sense, is converted into resource recycling, is assisted by careful environmental pollution control measures, can thoroughly solve the problem of garbage outlet, improves the environmental pollution around the garbage treatment field, and is a long-lasting safety meter for garbage treatment.
3. The recycling system and the recycling method for the household garbage can effectively sort the household garbage mixed together into 6 types of ferrous metals, nonferrous metals, household materials with the particle size of less than 35mm, household materials with the particle size of 35 mm-150 mm, household materials with the particle size of more than 150mm, light materials and the like, and can effectively sort, use, treat and change waste into valuables.
4. According to the household garbage-oriented recycling system and method, the negative pressure dust collection system is arranged, so that air pollutants such as dust generated in the treatment process can be effectively collected and treated, the pollution such as the dust can be effectively reduced, and the pollution to the environment and the injury to operators are reduced.
5. According to the household garbage-oriented recycling system and method, equipment and a transmission mechanism can have good sealing performance, so that the possibility that dust flies into the outside of the equipment is reduced.
6. According to the household garbage-oriented recycling system and method, equipment can be automatically operated through the PLC automatic control system, the number of workers is reduced, an alarm is given under an abnormal condition, and workers are reminded of maintaining the equipment.
7. According to the household garbage-oriented recycling system and method, the magnetic separation equipment can treat sharp iron products in advance, the number of the iron products entering the equipment is reduced, the possible damage to the equipment is reduced, and the continuous operation time of the equipment is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a resource utilization system for household garbage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for recycling household garbage according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in figure 1, the invention provides a recycling system for household garbage, which comprises a closed chain plate distributor 1, a strong feeding plate hammering device 3 and a first roller screen 4 which are sequentially connected through a conveying device 2; the first roller screen 4 returns to the strong feeding plate hammer breaking device 3 and is conveyed to the first magnetic vortex sorting device 5 and the negative pressure vibration sorting device 6 through three conveying devices 2 respectively; the negative pressure vibration sorting equipment 6 is respectively connected with a light material treatment line and a heavy material treatment line; part or all of the conveying apparatus 2 is preferably a belt conveyor.
The closed chain plate distributor 1 is used for uniformly distributing the house refuse which enters in a pile shape.
The strong feeding plate hammer breaking device 3 is used for breaking household garbage and discharging materials with the particle size below a first particle size;
the first roller screen 4 is used for classifying materials into three types according to particle sizes, conveying materials with the particle sizes larger than the first particle size back to the strong feeding plate hammer breaking device 3 for secondary breaking, conveying materials with the particle sizes smaller than the third particle size to the first magnetic vortex separation device 5, and conveying materials with the particle sizes of the third particle size and the second particle size to the negative pressure vibration separation device 6; wherein, the first particle size is larger than the second particle size is larger than the third particle size, and 150mm, 50mm and 35mm are preferable respectively.
The first magnetic vortex separation equipment 5 is used for separating out metal and collecting the rest humus soil for standby.
The negative pressure vibration sorting equipment 6 breaks up materials by vibration, the principle of negative pressure conveying divides the materials into two types, and light materials are conveyed to the light material treatment line from the top under the action of negative pressure for treatment; heavy materials are conveyed to the heavy material treatment line from the lower part under the action of gravity for treatment.
Preferably, the light material treatment line comprises a cyclone spiral discharger 71, a friction drying and scattering device 72, a double friction dry cleaner 73, a second magnetic vortex sorting device 74 and a polymerization production device which are connected in sequence.
The cyclone spiral discharger 71 is used for separating light matters by the action of centrifugal force and discharging air with oil sludge dust; the friction drying and scattering device 72 is used for enabling the selected light materials to pass through the blades rotating at high speed, so that the light materials are rubbed with each other at high speed, and hot air with preset temperature is introduced in the friction process, so that the light materials are sufficiently scattered and dried; the double friction dry cleaning machine 73 is used for dry cleaning to remove dust and rust attached to the surface of the lightweight objects; the second magnetic vortex separation device 74 is used for separating out metals; the polymerization production equipment is used for carrying out polymerization production.
Preferably, the polymerization production equipment comprises a bin 10, a polymerization machine 75, a first crusher 76, a bin 10, a mill unit 77, a cyclone unit 78, a vibrating screen 79 and a bin 10 which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the heavy material treatment line comprises a third magnetic vortex separation device 81, a sloping plate elastic separation device 82, a second crusher 83 and a plastic treatment device which are connected in sequence.
The third magnetic vortex separation device 81 is used for separating iron, stainless steel and nonferrous metals and conveying sundries to the inclined plate elastic separation device 82; the inclined plate elastic sorting equipment 82 classifies materials into three types according to the principle that different materials have different elasticity, namely light materials, medium light materials and heavy materials; the second crusher 83 is used for crushing the middle and light materials, the crushed fine materials are conveyed to the inclined plate elastic sorting equipment 82 for elastic sorting, rubber elastic materials are sorted, and the rest plastics are conveyed to the plastic processing equipment; the second crusher 83 is also used for crushing the heavy objects and screening out two types, namely plastic and masonry.
Preferably, the plastic treatment equipment comprises a dryer 84, a friction dry cleaning equipment 85, a bin 10, an elastic separator 86, a heating friction electric separator 87, a bin 10, a mill unit 77, a cyclone unit 78, a vibrating screen 79 and a bin 10 which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the recycling system further comprises a dust removing device 9 which is respectively connected with the closed chain plate distributing machine 1, the strong feeding plate hammering device 3, the first roller screen 4, the negative pressure vibration sorting device 6 and the friction drying scattering device 72 for dust removal. The dust removing equipment 9 comprises a negative pressure air pipe 91, a dust collector 92 and a fan 93 which are connected in sequence; the negative pressure air pipe 91 is respectively connected with the closed chain plate distributor 1, the strong feeding plate hammer breaking device 3, the first roller screen 4, the negative pressure vibration sorting device 6 and the friction drying and scattering device 72.
Preferably, manual sorting platforms are arranged on two sides of the conveying equipment 2 between the closed chain plate spreader 1 and the strong feeding plate hammering equipment 3, and are used for sorting materials which cannot enter the strong feeding plate hammering equipment 3.
Preferably, a magnetic separation device is arranged on the conveying device 2 between the closed chain plate spreader 1 and the strong feeding plate hammering device 3, and is used for separating ferrous metals; and/or, a magnetic separation device is arranged on the conveying device 2 between the strong feeding plate hammer breaking device 3 and the first roller screen 4 and is used for separating ferrous metals.
All devices in the system are controlled by a PLC control system 11 of the central control room.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for recycling household garbage according to the present invention adopts the system for recycling household garbage as described above, and includes the following steps:
s1, starting a production line of the whole recycling system through a PLC control system 11, enabling household garbage to enter a closed chain plate distributor 1 through a feed inlet, and conveying and uniformly distributing the household garbage in a pile shape on the closed chain plate distributor 1 through two or a plurality of rake teeth and a power type reverse poking roller device by the closed chain plate distributor 1; the dust generated in the closed chain plate distributor 1 is purified by dust removing equipment 9, so that dust pollution in a production workshop is prevented;
s2, enabling the uniformly distributed household garbage to enter conveying equipment 2 through an outlet of a closed chain plate distributor 1, manually controlling the conveying speed of the conveying equipment when materials which cannot enter the strong feeding plate hammer breaking equipment appear in the conveying equipment through manual sorting platforms arranged on two sides, and sorting out the materials; the magnetic separation equipment 10 is arranged at the tail end of the conveying equipment 2 between the closed chain plate distributor 1 and the strong feeding plate hammer breaking equipment 3, and ferrous metal on the conveying equipment is separated and collected for standby; the rest is conveyed into a strong feeding plate hammer breaking device 3;
s3, crushing the household garbage by using the strong feeding plate hammer breaking equipment 3, and discharging materials with the particle size below a first particle size; the dust generated in the strong feeding plate hammer breaking equipment 3 is subjected to air purification through the dust removing equipment 9, so that dust pollution in a production workshop is prevented;
s4, enabling the crushed household garbage to enter conveying equipment 2 through an outlet of strong feeding plate hammer breaking equipment 3 and conveying the household garbage to a first roller screen 4;
s5, the materials are classified into three types according to the particle size in a first roller screen 4; conveying the materials with the particle size larger than the first particle size back to the strong feeding plate hammer breaking equipment 3 for secondary breaking; delivering materials with the particle size smaller than the third particle size to the first magnetic vortex separation equipment 5, separating out metals, and collecting the rest humus soil for later use; feeding the materials with the third grain size and the second grain size to negative pressure vibration sorting equipment 6;
wherein the first particle size > the second particle size > the third particle size; and the dust generated in the first roller screen 4 is subjected to air purification through dust removal equipment 9, so that dust pollution generated in a production workshop is prevented;
s6, separating the materials into light materials and heavy materials in negative pressure vibration separation equipment 6 by vibration scattering and negative pressure conveying, wherein the light materials enter a conveying pipeline from the top under the action of negative pressure and are conveyed to a light material treatment line for treatment; heavy materials are conveyed to a heavy material treatment line from a lower discharge hole under the action of gravity for treatment;
s7, the light materials separated through negative pressure vibration enter a cyclone spiral discharger 71, the light materials are separated through the action of centrifugal force, and air with oil sludge dust is discharged; the separated light materials further go to a friction drying and scattering device 72, the light materials are rubbed with each other at high speed through the blades rotating at high speed, and hot air with preset temperature is introduced in the friction process, so that the light materials are sufficiently scattered and dried; the scattered and dried light materials enter a double-friction dry cleaner 73 to be further dry cleaned, dust and rust attached to the surface of the light materials are removed, and the dust generated in the double-friction dry cleaner 73 is purified by a dust removing device 9 to prevent dust pollution in a production workshop; then the second magnetic vortex separation equipment 74 is used for separating metals, so that the content of the metals is reduced, the purity of the light materials is improved, and the light materials are conveyed to polymerization production equipment for polymerization production;
s8, carrying out magnetic vortex separation on heavy materials separated by negative pressure vibration in a third magnetic vortex separation device 81, separating iron, stainless steel and nonferrous metals, conveying the residual sundries to an inclined plate elastic separation device 82, and separating the materials into three types, namely light materials, medium light materials and heavy materials according to the principle that the elasticity of different materials is different; the medium and light materials are further crushed by a second crusher 83, the crushed fine materials are conveyed to the inclined plate elastic sorting equipment 82 for elastic sorting, rubber elastic materials are sorted, the rest of plastics are conveyed to the plastic processing equipment, and the plastics are dried and electrically sorted into a plurality of parts; the weight is crushed by the second crusher 83, and is screened after crushing, and the two types of plastic and masonry are separated.
In summary, the present invention has the following outstanding advantages:
1. the household garbage-oriented recycling system and the household garbage-oriented recycling method are particularly suitable for sorting and recycling of municipal household garbage, and the household garbage-oriented recycling production line can realize reduction, recycling and harmless treatment on municipal landfill household garbage and reduce the pressure of garbage surrounding cities.
2. The invention discloses a recycling system and a recycling method for household garbage, which are based on the garbage treatment principle of 'reduction, recycling and harmless', and provide a solution for classifying and recycling household garbage of a landfill through fine screening and screening objects, so that the garbage is turned into wealth, is not waste in the traditional sense, is converted into resource recycling, is assisted by careful environmental pollution control measures, can thoroughly solve the problem of garbage outlet, improves the environmental pollution around the garbage treatment field, and is a long-lasting safety meter for garbage treatment.
3. The recycling system and the recycling method for the household garbage can effectively sort the household garbage mixed together into 6 types of ferrous metals, nonferrous metals, household materials with the particle size of less than 35mm, household materials with the particle size of 35 mm-150 mm, household materials with the particle size of more than 150mm, light materials and the like, and can effectively sort, use, treat and change waste into valuables.
4. According to the household garbage-oriented recycling system and method, the negative pressure dust collection system is arranged, so that air pollutants such as dust generated in the treatment process can be effectively collected and treated, the pollution such as the dust can be effectively reduced, and the pollution to the environment and the injury to operators are reduced.
5. According to the household garbage-oriented recycling system and method, equipment and a transmission mechanism can have good sealing performance, so that the possibility that dust flies into the outside of the equipment is reduced.
6. According to the household garbage-oriented recycling system and method, equipment can be automatically operated through the PLC automatic control system, the number of workers is reduced, an alarm is given under an abnormal condition, and workers are reminded of maintaining the equipment.
7. According to the household garbage-oriented recycling system and method, the magnetic separation equipment can treat sharp iron products in advance, the number of the iron products entering the equipment is reduced, the possible damage to the equipment is reduced, and the continuous operation time of the equipment is prolonged.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A household garbage-oriented recycling system is characterized in that: comprises a closed chain plate distributor (1), a strong feeding plate hammer breaking device (3) and a first roller screen (4) which are connected in sequence through a conveying device (2); the first roller screen (4) returns to the strong feeding plate hammering device (3) through three conveying devices (2) and is conveyed to the first magnetic vortex separation device (5) and the negative pressure vibration separation device (6) respectively; the negative pressure vibration sorting equipment (6) is respectively connected with a light material treatment line and a heavy material treatment line;
the closed chain plate distributor (1) is used for uniformly distributing the house refuse which enters in a pile shape;
the strong feeding plate hammer breaking device (3) is used for breaking household garbage and discharging materials with the particle size below a first particle size;
the first roller screen (4) is used for classifying materials into three types according to particle sizes, conveying the materials with the particle sizes larger than the first particle size back to the strong feeding plate hammer breaking equipment (3) for secondary breaking, conveying the materials with the particle sizes smaller than the third particle size to the first magnetic vortex sorting equipment (5), and conveying the materials with the particle sizes of the third particle size and the second particle size to the negative pressure vibration sorting equipment (6); wherein the first particle size > the second particle size > the third particle size;
the first magnetic vortex separation equipment (5) is used for separating out metal and collecting the rest humus soil for standby;
the negative pressure vibration sorting equipment (6) breaks up materials by vibration, the principle of negative pressure conveying divides the materials into two types, and light materials are conveyed to the light material treatment line from the top under the action of negative pressure for treatment; the heavy materials are conveyed to the heavy material treatment line from the lower part for treatment under the action of gravity;
the light material treatment line comprises a cyclone spiral discharger (71), a friction drying and scattering device (72), a double-friction dry cleaner (73), a second magnetic vortex sorting device (74) and a polymerization production device which are connected in sequence;
the cyclone spiral discharger (71) is used for separating light matters through the action of centrifugal force and discharging air with oil sludge dust;
the friction drying and scattering equipment (72) is used for enabling the selected light materials to pass through the blades rotating at high speed, so that the light materials are rubbed with each other at high speed, and hot air with preset temperature is introduced in the friction process, so that the light materials are sufficiently scattered and dried;
the double-friction dry cleaner (73) is used for dry cleaning and removing dust and rust attached to the surface of the light matters;
the second magnetic vortex separation device (74) is used for separating metal;
the polymerization production equipment comprises a bin (10), a polymerization machine (75), a first crusher (76), a bin (10), a mill unit (77), a cyclone unit (78), a vibrating screen (79) and a bin (10) which are connected in sequence;
the heavy material treatment line comprises a third magnetic vortex separation device (81), an inclined plate elastic separation device (82), a second crusher (83) and a plastic treatment device which are connected in sequence;
the third magnetic vortex separation equipment (81) is used for separating iron, stainless steel and nonferrous metals and conveying sundries to the inclined plate elastic separation equipment (82);
the inclined plate elastic sorting equipment (82) classifies materials into three types according to the principle that different materials have different elasticity, namely light materials, medium light materials and heavy materials;
the second crusher (83) is used for crushing the medium and light materials, the crushed fine materials are conveyed to the inclined plate elastic sorting equipment (82) for elastic sorting, rubber elastic materials are sorted, and the rest plastics are conveyed to the plastic processing equipment;
the second crusher (83) is also used for crushing the heavy objects and screening out two types of plastics and masonry;
the recycling system further comprises dust removal equipment (9) which is respectively connected with the closed chain plate distributing machine (1), the strong feeding plate hammering equipment (3), the first roller screen (4) and the negative pressure vibration sorting equipment (6) for dust removal.
2. The household garbage-oriented recycling system as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
the plastic treatment equipment comprises a dryer (84), a friction dry cleaning equipment (85), a bin (10), an elastic sorting machine (86), a heating friction electric sorting machine (87), a bin (10), a grinding unit (77), a cyclone unit (78), a vibrating screen (79) and a bin (10) which are connected in sequence.
3. The household garbage-oriented recycling system as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
the dust removing equipment (9) comprises a negative pressure air pipe (91), a dust collector (92) and a fan (93) which are connected in sequence;
the negative pressure air pipe (91) is respectively connected with the closed chain plate distributor (1), the strong feeding plate hammering device (3), the first roller screen (4) and the negative pressure vibration sorting device (6).
4. The household garbage-oriented recycling system as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
the automatic sorting device is characterized in that manual sorting platforms are arranged on two sides of conveying equipment (2) between the closed chain plate distributor (1) and the strong feeding plate hammering equipment (3) and used for sorting materials which cannot enter the strong feeding plate hammering equipment (3).
5. The household garbage-oriented recycling system as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
a magnetic separation device is arranged on a conveying device (2) between the closed chain plate distributor (1) and the strong feeding plate hammering device (3) and is used for separating out ferrous metals;
and/or the number of the groups of groups,
and magnetic separation equipment is arranged on the conveying equipment (2) between the strong feeding plate hammer breaking equipment (3) and the first roller screen (4) and used for separating ferrous metals.
6. A method for recycling household garbage, characterized in that the system for recycling household garbage according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted, and comprises the following steps:
s1, starting a recycling system, wherein household garbage enters a closed chain plate distributor (1) through a feed inlet, and the closed chain plate distributor (1) conveys and uniformly distributes the household garbage in a pile shape on the closed chain plate distributor (1); and purifying the dust generated in the closed chain plate distributor (1) by air;
s2, uniformly distributed household garbage enters conveying equipment (2) through an outlet of a closed chain plate distributor (1), and is conveyed into a strong feeding plate hammer breaking equipment (3);
s3, crushing household garbage by using a strong feeding plate hammer breaking device (3), and discharging materials with the particle size below a first particle size; and the dust generated in the strong feeding plate breaking equipment (3) is subjected to air purification;
s4, enabling the crushed household garbage to enter conveying equipment (2) through an outlet of the strong feeding plate hammer breaking equipment (3) and be conveyed to a first roller screen (4);
s5, classifying the materials into three types according to the particle size in a first roller screen (4);
conveying materials with the particle size larger than the first particle size back to the strong feeding plate hammer breaking equipment (3) for secondary breaking;
delivering materials with the particle size smaller than the third particle size to the first magnetic vortex separation equipment (5), separating metals, and collecting the rest humus soil for later use;
feeding the materials with the third grain size and the second grain size to negative pressure vibration sorting equipment (6);
wherein the first particle size > the second particle size > the third particle size; and purifying the dust generated in the first roller screen (4) by air;
s6, separating the materials into light materials and heavy materials in negative pressure vibration separation equipment (6) by vibration scattering and a principle of negative pressure conveying, wherein the light materials enter a conveying pipeline from the top under the action of negative pressure and are conveyed to a light material treatment line for treatment; heavy materials are conveyed to a heavy material treatment line from a lower discharge hole under the action of gravity for treatment;
s7, the light materials separated through negative pressure vibration enter a cyclone spiral discharger (71), the light materials are separated through the action of centrifugal force, and air with oil sludge dust is discharged; the separated light materials are further subjected to friction drying and scattering equipment (72), the light materials are rubbed with each other at high speed through the blades rotating at high speed, and hot air with preset temperature is introduced in the friction process, so that the light materials are sufficiently scattered and dried; the scattered and dried light materials enter a double-friction dry cleaner (73) for further dry cleaning, dust and rust attached to the surface of the light materials are removed, and the dust generated in the double-friction dry cleaner (73) is purified; then, the second magnetic vortex separation equipment (74) is used for separating metal, so that the content of the metal is reduced, the purity of the light material is improved, and the light material is conveyed to polymerization production equipment for polymerization production;
s8, carrying out magnetic vortex separation on heavy materials separated by negative pressure vibration in a third magnetic vortex separation device (81), separating iron, stainless steel and nonferrous metals, conveying the residual sundries to an inclined plate elastic separation device (82), and separating the materials into three types, namely light materials, medium and light materials and heavy materials according to the principle that the elasticity of different materials is different; the medium and light materials are further crushed by a second crusher (83), the crushed fine materials are conveyed to the inclined plate elastic sorting equipment (82) for elastic sorting, rubber elastic materials are sorted, the rest plastics are conveyed to the plastic processing equipment, and the plastics are dried and electrically sorted into a plurality of parts; the weight is crushed by a second crusher (83), and is screened after crushing, and the two types of plastic and masonry are separated.
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