CN110523639A - Method and system for processing decoration waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of processing method of decoration garbage and systems, this method comprises: initial integral method, fine sorting, end sorting；Initial integral method is to carry out first break to decoration garbage；Fine sorting is main using screening, three times selection by winnowing, magnetic separation process twice finely to be sorted by the decoration garbage sorted for the first time, in rubbish light plastic and waste paper, magnetic metal, combustable organic object sub-elect, classification recycling；Then remaining rubbish is crushed and is sieved again to carry out magnetic separation process, nonferrous metals recycling technique by the fine-sorted rubbish of essence by end sorting, so that it may obtain the aggregate recycling of different-grain diameter.This method and system use full mechanically actuated mode, the prosthetic sorting link for being crushed, sieving twice three times, and crushing and screening is high-efficient, and sundries is few in the aggregate of end, degree of purity is high, and recycling is high-efficient.

Description

Method and system for processing decoration waste

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment, and in particular relates to a treatment method and system for decoration garbage.

Background technique

With the continuous acceleration of the urbanization process in our country, a large amount of house demolition garbage, spoils, waste materials and other wastes are generated in the process of new construction, renovation/expansion and residents' house decoration. In recent years, the total amount of construction waste generated in my country every year is about 1.55 billion to 2.4 billion tons. It is estimated that around 2020, the generation of construction waste in my country may reach its peak.

The resource utilization process of construction waste is complicated due to the dispersiveness of the form of occurrence, the uncertainty of physical and chemical properties, the instability of acquisition channels and quantities, and the narrowness of the scope of use. In particular, there is currently a lack of deep processing technology for the recycling of bulk construction waste, and the sorting technology is also relatively weak. It mainly relies on manual rapid sorting, and the disposal technology and method are single. At the same time, the sorting and transfer stations are under enormous pressure. In addition to the relatively pure waste concrete that has been recycled and industrialized on a small scale, it is difficult to dispose of decoration waste and demolition waste mixed with gypsum boards, wood, woven bags, and plastics. These front-end technology bottlenecks Lead to low added value of follow-up products.

At present, domestic decoration waste treatment technology is still immature, and there are no successful projects. Most of the built projects are temporary or experimental. The treatment is mainly manual, the equipment automation is low, the sorting efficiency is poor, and the working environment is harsh. With the continuation of the urbanization process, the output of decoration waste will continue to increase in the future. Facing the growing market and technical demand, it is particularly necessary to develop new decoration waste sorting pretreatment and end aggregate production technology.

The Chinese patent publication number is CN107350263A, and the publication date is November 17, 2017. It discloses "A Comprehensive Disposal and Utilization Method of Decoration Garbage and/or House Demolition Waste". The patent first manually unbags the decoration waste or house demolition waste operation, and then use the bucket scraper to send the garbage into the vibrating screen for screening, and the screened material will be treated separately. The underscreen is sent to the jaw crusher, and the crushed garbage is sent to the screening machine, which is the material that can be recycled. This method mainly involves unpacking, vibrating sieve screening, and crushing, and directly vibrates and screens the garbage after manual unpacking. Because the properties of the materials in the garbage are very complex, direct screening will result in a large number of bricks and concrete blocks that can be used as resources. If it is intercepted, it cannot enter the subsequent process links, so the resource utilization rate of demolition waste by this process is relatively low.

From the above introduction, it can be known that in the field of recycling of decoration waste, the existing technology has limited efficiency in resource utilization of products, and the quality of the final product cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to develop a new treatment process for decoration waste.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a treatment method and system for decoration waste, which solves the problems of low resource utilization rate of existing decoration waste and poor quality of terminal resource products. The method and system adopt a fully mechanical operation mode of double crushing and triple screening, without manual sorting links, high crushing and screening efficiency, less impurities in the end aggregate, high purity, and high resource utilization efficiency.

In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is:

A treatment method for decoration waste, including: first crushing, fine sorting, and terminal sorting;

Wherein, the first crushing is the first crushing of the decoration waste, which not only needs to break the decoration waste but also breaks the bags;

The fine sorting includes the following steps: performing first-level and double-layer screening on the decoration waste crushed for the first time to obtain the first screened material, the second screened material, and the third screened material;

The first sieve is an oversize, the second sieve is an intermediate, and the third sieve is an undersize;

The first screened material enters the first-stage air separator for light and heavy separation, the first light plastic and waste paper are recycled, and the first heavy garbage enters the terminal sorting;

The second screened material enters the first-level magnetic separation, and the magnetic metals in it are recovered, and the rest of the garbage enters the second-level single-layer screening to obtain the second-level oversize and the second-level undersize, and the second-level oversize enters Secondary winnowing machine, the second recycling of lightweight plastics and waste paper, the second heavy garbage enters the terminal sorting; the second-level underscreen is subjected to third-stage winnowing, and the third recycling of light plastics and waste paper , the third heavy waste is sorted by near-infrared photoelectric method to sort out organic combustibles, and the rest enters the final sorting;

The third screened material is landfilled;

The terminal sorting includes: the finely sorted garbage is firstly subjected to secondary magnetic separation to recover magnetic metals, then eddy current sorting to recover non-ferrous metals, and then secondary crushing, after which it enters a third-stage double-layer sieve points to obtain three-level first sieves, three-level second sieves, and three-level third sieves with different particle sizes;

The three-stage first screened product is an oversize material, the three-stage second screened product is an intermediate product, and the third-stage three-stage screened product is an undersize material.

In a preferred embodiment, the first crushing uses a hydraulic double-shaft crusher to break bags and crush the decoration waste for the first time.

In a preferred embodiment, the third heavy garbage uses a near-infrared photoelectric sorter to sort organic combustibles.

In a preferred embodiment, the sieving aperture of one layer of the first-stage double-layer sieving is 95-105 mm, and the sieving aperture of the other layer is 4.75-5.25 mm.

In a preferred embodiment, the sieving aperture of the secondary single-layer sieving is 29.9-33.1 mm.

In a preferred embodiment, the sieving aperture of one layer of the three-stage sieving is 11.4-12.6 mm, and the sieving aperture of the other layer is 4.75-5.25 mm.

The present invention also provides a treatment system for decoration waste, the treatment system is divided into three stages according to the treatment process, wherein,

The equipment in the first stage includes the first crushing equipment;

The equipment in the second stage includes the first-level double-layer vibrating screen, the second-level single-layer vibrating screen, the first-level air separator, the second-level air separator, the third-level air separator, the first-level magnetic separator, and the near-infrared photoelectric separator. , the first recovery equipment, the second recovery equipment;

Wherein, the first-level double-layer vibrating screen is respectively connected to the first-level air separator and the first-level magnetic separator; the light waste outlet of the first-level air separator is connected to the first recovery equipment, and the The heavy garbage outlet of the first-stage air separator is connected to the equipment in the third stage; the first-stage magnetic separator is respectively connected to the second recovery equipment and the second-stage single-layer vibrating screen; the second-stage single-layer vibrating screen Connect the secondary air separator and the three-stage air separator respectively; the light garbage outlet of the secondary air separator is connected to the first recovery equipment, and the heavy garbage of the secondary air separator is connected The equipment of the third stage; the light garbage outlet of the three-stage winnowing machine is connected to the first recovery equipment, and the heavy garbage outlet of the three-stage winnowing machine is connected to the near-infrared photoelectric sorting machine, the said three-stage winnowing machine. The near-infrared photoelectric sorter is connected to the third-stage equipment;

The equipment in the third stage includes a secondary magnetic separator, an eddy current separator, a secondary crushing equipment, a third-stage double-layer vibrating screen, the second recovery equipment, and the third recovery equipment;

Wherein, the secondary magnetic separator is respectively connected to the eddy current separator and the second recovery equipment, and the eddy current separator is respectively connected to the secondary crushing equipment and the third recovery equipment, and the two The secondary crushing equipment is connected with the three-stage double-layer vibrating screen.

In a preferred embodiment, the primary crushing equipment is a hydraulic double-shaft crusher.

In a preferred embodiment, the aperture of one layer of the first-stage double-layer vibrating screen is 95-105 mm, and the aperture of the other layer is 4.75-5.25 mm.

In a preferred embodiment, the aperture of the screen mesh of the second-stage single-layer vibrating screen is 29.9-33.1 mm.

In a preferred embodiment, the aperture of one layer of the three-stage vibrating screen is 11.4-12.6 mm, and the aperture of the other layer is 4.75-5.25 mm.

In a preferred embodiment, the connection between each device in the processing system is connected by a transmission mechanism.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects due to the adoption of the above technical scheme:

(1) The decoration waste treatment method provided by the present invention first crushes the decoration waste for the first time, the purpose is to break the bag, and remove the decoration waste such as plastics and wood, and then carry out fine sorting, which includes two screenings , remove gypsum board, light combustibles, wood block rubber and other organic combustibles in the garbage, recycle magnetic metals, plastics and cardboards, and finally enter the terminal sorting. The terminal sorting first sorts and recovers magnetic metals and non-ferrous metals, and then Secondary crushing is performed on the remaining concrete and building material aggregates, and then sieved to obtain aggregates of different particle sizes, and the final aggregates are recovered. The process method of the present invention has a high degree of automation. Through two crushing and three screening, it not only efficiently removes plastic, wood, gypsum and other decoration sundries mixed in the decoration waste, but also ensures the purity of the final recycled aggregate, and recycles Recyclable items such as non-ferrous metals, magnetic metals, plastics, and cardboard in decoration waste have played a significant role in recycling.

(2) A preferred embodiment of the present invention also adopts a near-infrared photoelectric separator, which is a supplement to the winnowing process. For the decoration waste after removing light garbage and sundries by winnowing, supplementary screening of organic combustibles is carried out, and the remaining organic combustibles such as wood and rubber are removed again.

(3) A preferred embodiment of the present invention uses a hydraulic double-shaft crusher for the first crushing, which can not only crush decoration garbage but also break bags.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a simple flow chart of the decoration waste treatment method provided in the embodiment;

Fig. 2 is a diagram of specific method steps of the embodiment.

Explanation of reference signs: 1-first crushing equipment; 2-first-level double-layer vibrating screen; 3-first-level wind separator; 4-first-level magnetic separator; Separator; 7-three-stage air separator; 8-near-infrared photoelectric separator; 10-two-stage magnetic separator; 11-eddy current separator; 9-two-stage crusher; 12-three-stage double-layer vibration screen.

Detailed ways

The method and system for processing decoration waste proposed by the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Advantages and features of the present invention will be apparent from the following description and claims.

Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2, in one embodiment, with a processing capacity of 60t/h, the specific decoration waste treatment method and the system used are as follows:

A first broken link:

The phenomenon of bagging decoration garbage is very common. The main purpose of the first crushing is to break the bag and get rid of decoration garbage at the same time. The primary crushing link mainly adopts the method of direct feeding by the loader. After the loader loads the material, it is sent to the primary crushing equipment 1. The primary crushing equipment 1 adopts a hydraulic double-shaft crusher (model S24.00E, processing capacity 60t/h). Broken bag, first break. Because the hydraulic dual-shaft crushing can not only crush the decoration waste, but also destroy the outer packaging bag of the decoration waste.

B fine sorting link

The material after passing through A link enters the first-level double-layer vibrating screen 2 (model szws-2000*7000, processing capacity 60t/h), the aperture of the upper screen is 100mm, and the aperture of the lower screen is 5mm. The purpose of this equipment is to The material after the first crushing is divided into oversize > 100mm, powder 0-5mm (landfill disposal), and intermediate 5-100mm. Among them, the oversize > 100mm is mainly some larger cardboard, plastic, wood block, gypsum board, etc., and the oversize > 100mm enters the first-level air separation machine 3 (diagonal air separation machine, power 45kw) for weight and weight Separate and recycle the first light plastic and waste paper, and the first heavy garbage enters the follow-up C link. The 0-5mm powder is transported to landfill for disposal, the 5-100mm intermediates are mainly building material aggregates, bricks and tiles, and concrete, and the 5-100mm intermediates enter the first-level magnetic separator 4 (RCYD-10, power 3kw), recycle the magnetic metals therein, and the remaining materials enter the secondary single-layer vibrating screen 5 (model HKS, processing capacity 40t/h). The sieve aperture of the secondary single-layer vibrating screen 5 is 31.5mm, and the screened material enters the secondary air separator 6 (box-type air separator, power 50kw), and the second light plastics and waste paper are also recycled. The high-quality garbage enters the follow-up C link, and the under-sieve enters the three-stage winnowing machine 7 (fold-back winnowing machine LZS 6-350×700, power 50kw), and also recycles the third light plastic and waste paper, and the third heavy The garbage enters the near-infrared photoelectric sorter 8 (model: STEINERT) to separate the organic combustibles, and the rest of the materials enter the subsequent C link.

C-terminal sorting

The material after the B link enters the secondary magnetic separator 9 (RCYD-10, power 3kw) to recover the sorted magnetic metal, and then the material enters the eddy current separator 10 (model TLFX(P)-14) for recovery The sorted non-ferrous metals, such as aluminum and copper products, then enter the secondary crusher 11 (PF 1010, with a processing capacity of 50t/h). mm, then the material enters the three-stage double-layer vibrating screen (model HKS, processing capacity 50t/h), the upper screen has an aperture of 12mm, and the lower screen has an aperture of 5mm, and the material is screened, and the particle size of the screened material is divided into 0~5mm aggregate, 5~12mm aggregate, 12~31.5mm aggregate.

The output and whereabouts of resource-based aggregate products, by-products, and auxiliary materials produced after the application of the above-mentioned methods are shown in the table below.

In the decoration waste treatment method provided in this embodiment, first, the decoration waste is crushed for the first time, the purpose is to break the bag, and to remove the decoration waste such as plastic and wood, and then perform fine sorting, which includes two screenings to remove Organic combustibles such as gypsum boards, light combustibles, wood blocks and rubber in the garbage, recycle magnetic metals, plastics and cardboards, and finally enter the terminal sorting. The terminal sorting first sorts and recovers magnetic metals and non-ferrous metals, and then recycles the remaining Secondary crushing of concrete, building material aggregates, etc., and then screening to obtain aggregates of different particle sizes, and the final aggregates are recovered. The process method of this embodiment has a high degree of automation. Through two crushing and three screening, not only the plastic, wood, gypsum and other decoration sundries mixed in the decoration waste are efficiently removed, and the purity of the final recycled aggregate is guaranteed. Recycling recyclable items such as non-ferrous metals, magnetic metals, plastics, and cardboard in decoration waste has achieved a significant resource recovery effect.

This embodiment also adopts a near-infrared photoelectric separator, which is a supplement to the winnowing process. For the decoration waste after removing light garbage and sundries by winnowing, supplementary screening of organic combustibles is carried out, and the remaining organic combustibles such as wood and rubber are removed again.

In this embodiment, a hydraulic double-shaft crusher is used for the first crushing, which can not only break bags but also crush decoration waste.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, if these changes fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and equivalent technologies, they still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. A treatment method for decoration waste, characterized in that it comprises: crushing for the first time, fine sorting, and terminal sorting; Wherein, the first crushing is the first crushing of the decoration waste, which not only needs to break the decoration waste but also breaks the bags; The fine sorting includes the following steps: performing first-level and double-layer screening on the decoration waste crushed for the first time to obtain the first screened material, the second screened material, and the third screened material; The first sieve is an oversize, the second sieve is an intermediate, and the third sieve is an undersize; The first screened material enters the first-stage air separator for light and heavy separation, the first light plastic and waste paper are recycled, and the first heavy garbage enters the terminal sorting; The second screened material enters the first-level magnetic separation, and the magnetic metals in it are recovered, and the rest of the garbage enters the second-level single-layer screening to obtain the second-level oversize and the second-level undersize, and the second-level oversize enters Secondary winnowing machine, the second recycling of lightweight plastics and waste paper, the second heavy garbage enters the terminal sorting; the second-level underscreen is subjected to third-stage winnowing, and the third recycling of light plastics and waste paper , the third heavy waste is sorted by near-infrared photoelectric method to sort out organic combustibles, and the rest enters the final sorting; The third screened material is landfilled; The terminal sorting includes: the finely sorted garbage is firstly subjected to secondary magnetic separation to recover magnetic metals, then eddy current sorting to recover non-ferrous metals, and then secondary crushing, after which it enters a third-stage double-layer sieve The three-level first sieve, the third-level second sieve, and the third-level third sieve with different particle sizes are obtained. 2. The method for processing decoration waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the first crushing uses a hydraulic double-shaft crusher to break bags and first crush the decoration waste. 3. The method for processing decoration waste according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the third heavy waste is sorted out of organic combustibles by a near-infrared photoelectric sorter. 4 . The method for processing decoration waste according to claim 1 , wherein the first-stage double-layer screening has a screening aperture of 95-105 mm, and the other screening aperture has a screening aperture of 4.75-5.25 mm. 5. The method for processing decoration waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, the screening aperture of the secondary single-layer screening is 29.9-33.1 mm. 6 . The method for processing decoration waste according to claim 1 , characterized in that, the sieving aperture of one layer of the three-stage sieving is 11.4-12.6 mm, and the sieving aperture of the other layer is 4.75-5.25 mm. 7. A treatment system for decoration waste, characterized in that the treatment system is divided into three stages according to the treatment process, wherein, The equipment in the first stage includes the first crushing equipment; The equipment in the second stage includes the first-level double-layer vibrating screen, the second-level single-layer vibrating screen, the first-level air separator, the second-level air separator, the third-level air separator, the first-level magnetic separator, and the near-infrared photoelectric separator. , the first recovery equipment, the second recovery equipment; Wherein, the first-level double-layer vibrating screen is respectively connected to the first-level air separator and the first-level magnetic separator; the light waste outlet of the first-level air separator is connected to the first recovery equipment, and the The heavy garbage outlet of the first-stage air separator is connected to the equipment in the third stage; the first-stage magnetic separator is respectively connected to the second recovery equipment and the second-stage single-layer vibrating screen; the second-stage single-layer vibrating screen Connect the secondary air separator and the three-stage air separator respectively; the light garbage outlet of the secondary air separator is connected to the first recovery equipment, and the heavy garbage of the secondary air separator is connected The equipment of the third stage; the light garbage outlet of the three-stage winnowing machine is connected to the first recovery equipment, and the heavy garbage outlet of the three-stage winnowing machine is connected to the near-infrared photoelectric sorting machine, the said three-stage winnowing machine. The near-infrared photoelectric sorter is connected to the third-stage equipment; The equipment in the third stage includes a secondary magnetic separator, an eddy current separator, a secondary crushing equipment, a three-stage double-layer vibrating screen, the second recovery equipment, and the third recovery equipment; Wherein, the secondary magnetic separator is respectively connected to the eddy current separator and the second recovery equipment, and the eddy current separator is respectively connected to the secondary crushing equipment and the third recovery equipment, so The secondary crushing equipment is connected to the three-stage double-layer vibrating screen. 8 . The decoration waste treatment system according to claim 7 , wherein the primary crushing equipment is a hydraulic double-shaft crusher. 9. The decoration waste treatment system according to claim 7, characterized in that, the aperture of one layer of the first-stage double-layer vibrating screen is 95-105 mm, and the aperture of the other layer of screen is 4.75-5.25 mm. mm. 10. The decoration waste treatment system according to claim 7, characterized in that the screen mesh of the second-stage single-layer vibrating screen has an aperture of 29.9-33.1 mm. 11. The decoration waste treatment system according to claim 7, characterized in that the aperture of one layer of the three-stage vibrating screen is 11.4-12.6mm, and the aperture of the other layer is 4.75-5.25mm . 12. The decoration waste treatment system according to any one of claims 7-11, characterized in that, the connection between each device in the treatment system is connected by a transmission mechanism.