CN110899308A - Household garbage-oriented resource utilization system and method - Google Patents
Household garbage-oriented resource utilization system and method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 171
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005108 dry cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a resource utilization system for household garbage, which is characterized in that: comprises a closed chain plate distributing machine (1), a strong feeding plate hammering device (3) and a first roller screen (4) which are connected in sequence through a conveying device (2); the first roller screen (4) returns to the strong feeding plate hammering device (3) through the three conveying devices (2) and is conveyed to the first magnetic vortex separation device (5) and the negative pressure vibration separation device (6); the negative pressure vibration sorting equipment (6) is respectively connected with a light material processing line and a heavy material processing line; the invention is particularly suitable for sorting and resource utilization of municipal domestic waste, and the resource utilization production line oriented to the domestic waste can realize reduction, resource and harmless treatment on the municipal landfill domestic waste and reduce the pressure of 'enclosing the garbage'.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of household garbage classification treatment, and particularly relates to a household garbage-oriented resource utilization system and method.
Background
At present, with the continuous acceleration of the urbanization process, the domestic level of the residents is improved and the population is increased rapidly, and the clearing amount and the accumulation amount generated by the municipal refuse in China are increased rapidly. According to data, the clear volume of 2016 domestic garbage in the country is about 21500.5 ten thousand tons, and the average annual growth rate is as high as 8% -10%, so that the rapid growth rate enables the accumulation volume of the garbage in China to reach 80 hundred million tons in the past year. The urban garbage problem becomes one of the public nuisance problems influencing the development process of socioeconomic, a large amount of garbage is accumulated around the city, and more than two thirds of cities in China fall into the 'garbage enclosing city'.
At present, three garbage disposal methods in China mainly comprise a sanitary landfill method, an incineration method and a composting method. Most of the garbage disposal is mainly landfill, according to statistics, more than 1900 garbage landfill sites are operated in 2016 years, and the garbage landfill disposal proportion accounts for about 60% of the total amount of the garbage. The method has the advantages of low construction and operation cost, simple operation and large treatment capacity. But there are also many disadvantages: firstly, a large amount of land is occupied, the site selection is difficult, and the land allocation cost is high; secondly, a large amount of garbage containing resources are wasted, and the garbage is artificially converted into 'non-increasable resources and thrown away huge wealth', so that the resource treatment requirement cannot be met; thirdly, environmental pollution is caused, the seepage of percolate in the landfill site pollutes the soil and the underground water quality, along with the increase of the accumulation amount and the continuation of time, the pollution is diffused to the periphery and the underground deep layer, and simultaneously toxic and odorous gases emitted by the garbage are diffused to the periphery to form air, periphery and underground three-dimensional pollution.
Meanwhile, as the landfill operation amount is increased day by day, the landfill sites are required to be continuously expanded and newly built everywhere, and the cost of land acquisition for newly building the landfill sites is rapidly increased along with the rapid increase of the land price, a new landfill site is hundreds of millions even without considering the land acquisition cost, and land acquisition and new construction in many cities are impossible along with the increasing scarcity of the urban land. The garbage disposal faces a severe situation that not only is it difficult to build a landfill, but also old landfill is exhausted due to the fact that a plurality of reservoirs are adjacent. In the face of this severe situation, it is necessary to take out the scheme quickly, properly dispose the garbage stored in the landfill, vacate the storage capacity, and relieve the urgency.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at least one of the defects or the improvement requirements in the prior art, the invention provides a domestic garbage-oriented resource utilization production line, which is particularly suitable for sorting and resource utilization of urban domestic garbage.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a resource utilization system for household garbage is provided, which comprises a closed chain plate material distributor, a strong feeding plate hammering device and a first roller screen, which are connected in sequence by a conveying device; the first roller screen returns to the strong feeding plate hammering equipment and is conveyed to the first magnetic vortex separation equipment and the negative pressure vibration separation equipment through three conveying equipment respectively; the negative pressure vibration sorting equipment is respectively connected with a light material processing line and a heavy material processing line;
the closed chain plate distributing machine is used for uniformly distributing the entered piled domestic garbage;
the strong feeding plate hammering equipment is used for crushing the household garbage and discharging materials with the particle size below the first particle size;
the first roller screen is used for dividing the materials into three types according to the particle size, conveying the materials with the particle size larger than the first particle size back to the strong feeding plate hammering device for secondary crushing, conveying the materials with the particle size smaller than the third particle size to the first magnetic vortex separation device, and conveying the materials with the third particle size and the second particle size to the negative pressure vibration separation device; wherein the first particle size is larger than the second particle size and larger than the third particle size;
the first magnetic vortex separation equipment is used for separating metals and collecting the residual humus soil for later use;
the negative pressure vibration sorting equipment breaks up through vibration, materials are divided into two types according to the principle of negative pressure conveying, and light materials are conveyed to the light material processing line from the top under the action of negative pressure to be processed; heavy material is conveyed from the lower part to the heavy material processing line for processing under the action of gravity.
Preferably, the light material processing line comprises a cyclone spiral discharger, a friction drying and scattering device, a double-friction dry cleaner, a second magnetic vortex separation device and a polymerization production device which are connected in sequence;
the cyclone spiral discharger is used for separating light substances under the action of centrifugal force and discharging air with oil sludge dust;
the friction drying scattering equipment is used for enabling the separated light materials to pass through the blades rotating at a high speed to enable the light materials to rub at a high speed, and hot air with a preset temperature is introduced in the rubbing process to enable the light materials to be scattered and dried fully;
the double-friction dry cleaning machine is used for dry cleaning to remove dust and rust attached to the surface of the light object;
the second magnetic vortex separation equipment is used for separating metals;
the polymerization production equipment is used for carrying out polymerization production.
Preferably, the polymerization production equipment comprises a storage bin, a polymerization machine, a first crusher, a storage bin, a pulverizer set, a cyclone set, a vibrating screen and a storage bin which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the heavy material processing line comprises a third magnetic vortex separation device, an inclined plate elastic separation device, a second crusher and a plastic processing device which are connected in sequence;
the third magnetic vortex separation equipment is used for separating iron, stainless steel and nonferrous metal and conveying sundries to the inclined plate elastic separation equipment;
the inclined plate elastic separation equipment divides materials into three types, namely light materials, medium light materials and heavy materials according to the principle that different materials have different elasticity;
the second crusher is used for crushing light and medium materials, the crushed fine materials are conveyed to the inclined plate elastic sorting equipment for elastic sorting, the rubber elastic materials are sorted out, and the rest plastics are conveyed to the plastic processing equipment;
the second crusher is also used for crushing heavy objects and screening plastic and masonry.
Preferably, the plastic processing equipment comprises a dryer, friction dry cleaning equipment, a bin, an elastic sorting machine, a heating friction electric sorting machine, a bin, a grinding machine set, a cyclone machine set, a vibrating screen and a bin which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the resource utilization system further comprises a dust removal device which is respectively connected with the closed chain plate distributing machine, the strong feeding plate hammering device, the first roller screen, the negative pressure vibration sorting device and the friction drying scattering device for removing dust.
Preferably, the dust removing equipment comprises a negative pressure air pipe, a dust collector and a fan which are connected in sequence;
the negative pressure air pipe is respectively connected with the closed chain plate distributing machine, the strong feeding plate hammering device, the first roller screen, the negative pressure vibration sorting device and the friction drying scattering device.
Preferably, manual sorting platforms are arranged on two sides of the conveying equipment between the closed chain plate distributing machine and the strong feeding plate hammering equipment and used for sorting out materials which cannot enter the strong feeding plate hammering equipment.
Preferably, a magnetic separation device is arranged on the conveying device between the closed chain plate distributing machine and the strong feeding plate hammering device and is used for sorting out ferrous metals;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and a magnetic separation device is arranged on the conveying device between the strong feeding plate hammering device and the first roller screen and is used for sorting out ferrous metals.
In order to achieve the above object, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a household garbage-oriented resource utilization method, which adopts the household garbage-oriented resource utilization system as described above, and includes the following steps:
s1, starting a resource utilization system, enabling the household garbage to enter a closed chain plate distributing machine through a feeding hole, and transporting and uniformly distributing the piled household garbage on the closed chain plate distributing machine by the closed chain plate distributing machine; and the dust generated in the closed chain plate distributor is subjected to air purification;
s2, the uniformly distributed household garbage enters conveying equipment through an outlet of the closed chain plate distributor and is conveyed to strong feeding plate hammering equipment;
s3, crushing the household garbage by a strong feeding plate hammering device, and discharging materials with the particle size below the first particle size; and the dust generated in the strong feeding plate hammering device is subjected to air purification;
s4, conveying the crushed household garbage into conveying equipment through an outlet of strong feeding plate hammering equipment and conveying the household garbage to a first roller screen;
s5, dividing the materials into three types according to the particle size on a first roller screen;
conveying the materials with the particle size larger than the first particle size to a strong feeding plate hammering device for secondary crushing;
conveying the materials with the particle size smaller than the third particle size to the first magnetic vortex separation equipment, separating out metals, and collecting the residual humus soil for later use;
sending the materials with the third particle size to the second particle size to a negative pressure vibration sorting device;
wherein the first particle size is larger than the second particle size and larger than the third particle size; and the dust generated in the first roller screen is subjected to air purification;
s6, scattering the sorted materials in a negative pressure vibration sorting device through vibration, and classifying the materials into light materials and heavy materials according to the principle of negative pressure conveying, wherein the light materials enter a conveying pipeline from the top under the action of negative pressure and are conveyed to a light material processing line for processing; conveying the heavy materials from a discharge port at the lower part to a heavy material processing line for processing under the action of gravity;
s7, the light materials separated by the negative pressure vibration enter a cyclone spiral discharger, the light materials are separated by the action of centrifugal force, and the air with the oil sludge dust is discharged outside; the separated light materials are further sent to a friction drying and scattering device, the light materials are rubbed with each other at a high speed through a blade rotating at a high speed, and hot air with a preset temperature is introduced in the rubbing process to fully scatter and dry the light materials; the light materials after being scattered and dried enter a double-friction dry cleaning machine for further dry cleaning, dust and rust attached to the surface of the light materials are removed, and air purification is carried out on the dust generated in the double-friction dry cleaning machine; then sorting the metals by second magnetic vortex sorting equipment, reducing the content of the metals, improving the purity of the light materials, and conveying the light materials to polymerization production equipment for polymerization production;
s8, carrying out magnetic vortex separation on the heavy materials separated by negative pressure vibration on a third magnetic vortex separation device, separating iron, stainless steel and nonferrous metals, conveying the residual impurities to an inclined plate elastic separation device, and separating the materials into three types, namely light materials, medium light materials and heavy materials according to the principle that different materials have different elasticity; the middle and light materials are further crushed by a second crusher, the crushed fine materials are conveyed to inclined plate elastic sorting equipment for elastic sorting, the rubber elastic materials are sorted out, the rest plastics are conveyed to plastic processing equipment, and the plastics are dried and electrically sorted into a plurality of parts; and crushing the heavy object by a second crusher, and screening after crushing to separate plastic and masonry.
The above-described preferred features may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the household garbage-oriented resource utilization system and the household garbage-oriented resource utilization method are particularly suitable for sorting and resource utilization of urban household garbage, and the household garbage-oriented resource utilization production line can realize reduction, resource and harmless treatment on urban landfill household garbage, and reduce the pressure of 'enclosing a garbage city'.
2. The invention relates to a resource utilization system and a method for household garbage, which provides a solution for classifying and recycling the household garbage in a landfill site through fine screening and screening based on a garbage treatment principle of reduction, recycling and harmlessness.
3. The household garbage-oriented resource utilization system and the household garbage-oriented resource utilization method can effectively sort the household garbage mixed together into 6 types, such as ferrous metals, nonferrous metals, household materials with the particle size of less than 35mm, household materials with the particle size of 35 mm-150 mm, household materials with the particle size of more than 150mm, light materials and the like, and can effectively classify, apply and treat the household garbage and change waste into valuable.
4. According to the household garbage-oriented resource utilization system and method, the negative-pressure dust collection system is arranged, so that air pollutants such as dust and the like generated in the treatment process can be effectively collected and treated, the pollution such as dust and the like can be effectively reduced, and the pollution to the environment and the injury to operators are reduced.
5. The household garbage-oriented resource utilization system and method, equipment and the transmission mechanism have good sealing performance, and the possibility of flying dust out of the equipment is reduced.
6. According to the household garbage-oriented resource utilization system and method, the equipment can automatically run through the PLC automatic control system, the number of workers is reduced, and an alarm is given out under abnormal conditions to remind the workers to maintain the equipment.
7. According to the household garbage-oriented resource utilization system and method, the magnetic separation equipment can treat sharp ironworks in advance, the number of ironworks entering the equipment is reduced, the possible damage to the equipment is reduced, and the continuous operation time of the equipment is increased.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a household garbage-oriented resource utilization system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a household garbage-oriented resource utilization method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a resource utilization system for household garbage, which comprises a closed chain plate material distributor 1, a strong feeding plate hammering device 3, a first roller screen 4, which are connected in sequence by a conveying device 2; the first roller screen 4 returns to the strong feeding plate hammering device 3 through the three conveying devices 2 and is conveyed to the first magnetic vortex sorting device 5 and the negative pressure vibration sorting device 6; the negative pressure vibration sorting equipment 6 is respectively connected with a light material processing line and a heavy material processing line; part or all of the conveyor apparatus 2 is preferably a belt conveyor.
The closed chain plate distributing machine 1 is used for uniformly distributing the entered piled domestic garbage.
The strong feeding plate hammering device 3 is used for crushing the household garbage and discharging materials with the particle size below the first particle size;
the first roller screen 4 is used for dividing the materials into three types according to the particle size, conveying the materials with the particle size larger than the first particle size back to the strong feeding plate hammering device 3 for secondary crushing, conveying the materials with the particle size smaller than the third particle size to the first magnetic vortex separation device 5, and conveying the materials with the particle size from the third particle size to the second particle size to the negative pressure vibration separation device 6; the first particle size > the second particle size > the third particle size, and preferably 150mm, 50mm, and 35mm, respectively.
The first magnetic vortex separation equipment 5 is used for separating out metals and collecting the residual humus soil for later use.
The negative pressure vibration sorting equipment 6 breaks up through vibration, materials are divided into two types according to the principle of negative pressure conveying, and light materials are conveyed to the light material processing line from the top under the action of negative pressure to be processed; heavy material is conveyed from the lower part to the heavy material processing line for processing under the action of gravity.
Preferably, the light material processing line comprises a cyclone spiral discharger 71, a friction drying and scattering device 72, a double-friction dry cleaner 73, a second magnetic vortex separation device 74 and a polymerization production device which are connected in sequence.
The cyclone spiral discharger 71 is used for separating light substances under the action of centrifugal force and discharging air with oil sludge dust; the friction drying and scattering equipment 72 is used for enabling the separated light materials to pass through blades rotating at a high speed to enable the light materials to rub at a high speed, and hot air with a preset temperature is introduced in the rubbing process to enable the light materials to be scattered and dried fully; the double-friction dry cleaning machine 73 is used for dry cleaning to remove dust and rust attached to the surface of the light material; the second magnetic vortex separation device 74 is used for separating out metals; the polymerization production equipment is used for carrying out polymerization production.
Preferably, the polymerization production equipment comprises a silo 10, a polymerization machine 75, a first crusher 76, the silo 10, a pulverizer set 77, a cyclone set 78, a vibrating screen 79 and the silo 10 which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the heavy material processing line comprises a third magnetic vortex separation device 81, an inclined plate elastic separation device 82, a second crusher 83 and a plastic processing device which are connected in sequence.
The third magnetic vortex separation equipment 81 is used for separating iron, stainless steel and nonferrous metals and conveying sundries to the inclined plate elastic separation equipment 82; the inclined plate elastic separation equipment 82 divides materials into three types, namely light materials, medium light materials and heavy materials according to the principle that different materials have different elasticity; the second crusher 83 is used for crushing light and medium materials, the crushed fine materials are conveyed to the inclined plate elastic sorting equipment 82 for elastic sorting, the rubber elastic materials are sorted out, and the rest plastics are conveyed to the plastic processing equipment; the second crusher 83 is also used for crushing heavy objects and screening out plastics and masonry.
Preferably, the plastic processing equipment comprises a dryer 84, a friction dry cleaning equipment 85, a bin 10, an elastic sorting machine 86, a heating friction electric sorting machine 87, a bin 10, a grinding machine set 77, a cyclone set 78, a vibrating screen 79 and a bin 10 which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the resource utilization system further comprises a dust removal device 9, which is respectively connected with the closed chain plate distributing machine 1, the strong feeding plate hammering device 3, the first roller screen 4, the negative pressure vibration sorting device 6 and the friction drying scattering device 72 for dust removal. The dust removing device 9 comprises a negative pressure air pipe 91, a dust collector 92 and a fan 93 which are connected in sequence; the negative pressure air pipe 91 is respectively connected with the closed chain plate distributing machine 1, the strong feeding plate hammering device 3, the first roller screen 4, the negative pressure vibration sorting device 6 and the friction drying scattering device 72.
Preferably, manual sorting platforms are arranged on two sides of the conveying equipment 2 between the closed chain plate distributor 1 and the strong feeding plate hammering equipment 3 and used for sorting out materials which cannot enter the strong feeding plate hammering equipment 3.
Preferably, a magnetic separation device is arranged on the conveying device 2 between the closed chain plate distributor 1 and the strong feeding plate hammering device 3 and is used for sorting ferrous metals; and/or a magnetic separation device is arranged on the conveying device 2 between the strong feeding plate hammering device 3 and the first roller screen 4 and is used for sorting ferrous metals.
All the equipment in the system is controlled by a PLC control system 11 of a central control room.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for recycling household garbage according to the present invention is described below, which employs the household garbage-oriented recycling system, and includes the following steps:
s1, starting a production line of the whole resource utilization system through the PLC control system 11, enabling the household garbage to enter the closed chain plate distributing machine 1 through a feeding hole, and transporting and uniformly distributing the piled household garbage on the closed chain plate distributing machine 1 by the closed chain plate distributing machine 1 through two or more rake teeth and power type reverse stirring roller equipment; dust generated in the closed chain plate distributing machine 1 is subjected to air purification through a dust removing device 9, so that dust pollution in a production workshop is prevented;
s2, enabling the uniformly distributed household garbage to enter a conveying device 2 through an outlet of a closed chain plate distributor 1, and manually controlling the conveying speed of the conveying device and sorting out the materials when the materials which cannot enter a strong feeding plate hammering device appear in the conveying device through manual sorting platforms arranged on two sides; the magnetic separation device 10 is arranged at the tail end of the conveying device 2 between the closed chain plate distributing machine 1 and the strong feeding plate hammering device 3, and is used for separating and collecting ferrous metal on the conveying device for later use; the rest is conveyed into a strong feeding plate hammering device 3;
s3, crushing the household garbage by the strong feeding plate hammering device 3, and discharging materials with the particle size below the first particle size; dust generated in the strong feeding plate hammering device 3 is subjected to air purification through a dust removal device 9, so that dust pollution generated in a production workshop is prevented;
s4, conveying the crushed household garbage into a conveying device 2 through an outlet of a strong feeding plate hammering device 3 and conveying the household garbage to a first roller screen 4;
s5, dividing the materials into three types according to the particle size on the first roller screen 4; conveying the materials with the particle size larger than the first particle size to the strong feeding plate hammering equipment 3 for secondary crushing; conveying the materials with the particle size smaller than the third particle size to the first magnetic vortex separation equipment 5, separating out metals, and collecting the residual humus soil for later use; sending the materials with the third particle size to the second particle size to a negative pressure vibration sorting device 6;
wherein the first particle size is larger than the second particle size and larger than the third particle size; the dust generated in the first roller screen 4 is subjected to air purification through a dust removal device 9, so that dust pollution in a production workshop is prevented;
s6, scattering the sorted materials in the negative pressure vibration sorting equipment 6 by vibration, and separating the materials into light materials and heavy materials by the principle of negative pressure conveying, wherein the light materials enter a conveying pipeline from the top under the action of negative pressure and are conveyed to a light material processing line for processing; conveying the heavy materials from a discharge port at the lower part to a heavy material processing line for processing under the action of gravity;
s7, the light materials separated by the negative pressure vibration enter a cyclone spiral discharger 71, the light materials are separated by the action of centrifugal force, and the air with the oil sludge dust is discharged outside; the separated light materials further go to a friction drying and scattering device 72, the light materials are rubbed with each other at a high speed through a blade rotating at a high speed, and hot air with a preset temperature is introduced in the rubbing process to fully scatter and dry the light materials; the light materials after being scattered and dried enter a double-friction dry cleaning machine 73 for further dry cleaning, dust and rust attached to the surface of the light materials are removed, and dust generated in the double-friction dry cleaning machine 73 is subjected to air purification through a dust removal device 9, so that dust pollution generated in a production workshop is prevented; then the second magnetic vortex separation equipment 74 is used for separating the metals, so that the content of the metals is reduced, the purity of the light materials is improved, and then the light materials are conveyed to polymerization production equipment for polymerization production;
s8, carrying out magnetic vortex separation on the heavy materials separated by negative pressure vibration in a third magnetic vortex separation device 81, separating iron, stainless steel and nonferrous metals, conveying the residual impurities to an inclined plate elastic separation device 82, and separating the materials into three types, namely light materials, medium light materials and heavy materials according to the principle that different materials have different elasticity; the medium and light materials are further crushed by a second crusher 83, the crushed fine materials are conveyed to the inclined plate elastic sorting equipment 82 for elastic sorting, the rubber elastic materials are sorted out, the rest plastics are conveyed to the plastic processing equipment, and the plastics are dried and electrically sorted for a plurality of times to be divided into a plurality of parts; the heavy objects are crushed by the second crusher 83 and then sieved to separate plastic and masonry.
In summary, the present invention has the following outstanding advantages:
1. the household garbage-oriented resource utilization system and the household garbage-oriented resource utilization method are particularly suitable for sorting and resource utilization of urban household garbage, and the household garbage-oriented resource utilization production line can realize reduction, resource and harmless treatment on urban landfill household garbage, and reduce the pressure of 'enclosing a garbage city'.
2. The invention relates to a resource utilization system and a method for household garbage, which provides a solution for classifying and recycling the household garbage in a landfill site through fine screening and screening based on a garbage treatment principle of reduction, recycling and harmlessness.
3. The household garbage-oriented resource utilization system and the household garbage-oriented resource utilization method can effectively sort the household garbage mixed together into 6 types, such as ferrous metals, nonferrous metals, household materials with the particle size of less than 35mm, household materials with the particle size of 35 mm-150 mm, household materials with the particle size of more than 150mm, light materials and the like, and can effectively classify, apply and treat the household garbage and change waste into valuable.
4. According to the household garbage-oriented resource utilization system and method, the negative-pressure dust collection system is arranged, so that air pollutants such as dust and the like generated in the treatment process can be effectively collected and treated, the pollution such as dust and the like can be effectively reduced, and the pollution to the environment and the injury to operators are reduced.
5. The household garbage-oriented resource utilization system and method, equipment and the transmission mechanism have good sealing performance, and the possibility of flying dust out of the equipment is reduced.
6. According to the household garbage-oriented resource utilization system and method, the equipment can automatically run through the PLC automatic control system, the number of workers is reduced, and an alarm is given out under abnormal conditions to remind the workers to maintain the equipment.
7. According to the household garbage-oriented resource utilization system and method, the magnetic separation equipment can treat sharp ironworks in advance, the number of ironworks entering the equipment is reduced, the possible damage to the equipment is reduced, and the continuous operation time of the equipment is increased.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a resource utilization system towards domestic waste which characterized in that: comprises a closed chain plate distributing machine (1), a strong feeding plate hammering device (3) and a first roller screen (4) which are connected in sequence through a conveying device (2); the first roller screen (4) returns to the strong feeding plate hammering device (3) through the three conveying devices (2) and is conveyed to the first magnetic vortex separation device (5) and the negative pressure vibration separation device (6); the negative pressure vibration sorting equipment (6) is respectively connected with a light material processing line and a heavy material processing line;
the closed chain plate distributing machine (1) is used for uniformly distributing the entered piled domestic garbage;
the strong feeding plate hammering equipment (3) is used for crushing the household garbage and discharging materials with the particle size below the first particle size;
the first roller screen (4) is used for dividing the materials into three types according to the particle size, conveying the materials with the particle size larger than the first particle size back to the strong feeding plate hammering device (3) for secondary crushing, conveying the materials with the particle size smaller than the third particle size to the first magnetic vortex separation device (5), and conveying the materials with the particle size from the third particle size to the second particle size to the negative pressure vibration separation device (6); wherein the first particle size is larger than the second particle size and larger than the third particle size;
the first magnetic vortex separation equipment (5) is used for separating metals and collecting the residual humus soil for later use;
the negative pressure vibration sorting equipment (6) breaks up through vibration, materials are divided into two types according to the principle of negative pressure conveying, and light materials are conveyed to the light material processing line from the top under the action of negative pressure to be processed; heavy material is conveyed from the lower part to the heavy material processing line for processing under the action of gravity.
2. The household garbage-oriented resource utilization system as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the light material processing line comprises a cyclone spiral discharger (71), a friction drying and scattering device (72), a double-friction dry cleaner (73), a second magnetic vortex separation device (74) and a polymerization production device which are connected in sequence;
the cyclone spiral discharger (71) is used for separating light substances under the action of centrifugal force and discharging air with oil sludge dust;
the friction drying and scattering equipment (72) is used for enabling the separated light materials to pass through blades rotating at a high speed to enable the light materials to rub against each other at a high speed, and hot air with a preset temperature is introduced in the rubbing process to enable the light materials to be scattered and dried fully;
the double-friction dry cleaning machine (73) is used for dry cleaning to remove dust and rust attached to the surface of the light object;
the second magnetic vortex separation device (74) is used for separating out metal;
the polymerization production equipment is used for carrying out polymerization production.
3. The household garbage-oriented resource utilization system as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
the polymerization production equipment comprises a storage bin (10), a polymerization machine (75), a first crusher (76), the storage bin (10), a milling machine set (77), a cyclone machine set (78), a vibrating screen (79) and the storage bin (10) which are connected in sequence.
4. A resource utilization system for domestic waste according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:
the heavy material processing line comprises a third magnetic vortex separation device (81), an inclined plate elastic separation device (82), a second crusher (83) and a plastic processing device which are connected in sequence;
the third magnetic vortex separation equipment (81) is used for separating iron, stainless steel and nonferrous metals and conveying sundries to inclined plate elastic separation equipment (82);
the inclined plate elastic sorting equipment (82) divides materials into three categories, namely light objects, medium light objects and heavy objects according to the principle that different materials have different elasticity;
the second crusher (83) is used for crushing light and medium materials, the crushed fine materials are conveyed to the inclined plate elastic sorting equipment (82) for elastic sorting, the rubber elastic materials are sorted out, and the rest plastics are conveyed to the plastic processing equipment;
the second crusher (83) is also used for crushing heavy objects and screening plastic and masonry.
5. The household garbage-oriented resource utilization system as claimed in claim 4, wherein:
the plastic processing equipment comprises a dryer (84), friction dry cleaning equipment (85), a bin (10), an elastic sorting machine (86), a heating friction electric sorting machine (87), the bin (10), a grinding machine set (77), a cyclone set (78), a vibrating screen (79) and the bin (10) which are connected in sequence.
6. The household garbage-oriented resource utilization system as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the resource utilization system also comprises a dust removal device (9) which is respectively connected with the closed chain plate distributing machine (1), the strong feeding plate hammering device (3), the first roller screen (4) and the negative pressure vibration sorting device (6) for removing dust.
7. The household garbage-oriented resource utilization system as claimed in claim 6, wherein:
the dust removing equipment (9) comprises a negative pressure air pipe (91), a dust collector (92) and a fan (93) which are connected in sequence;
the negative pressure air pipe (91) is respectively connected with the closed chain plate distributing machine (1), the strong feeding plate hammering device (3), the first roller screen (4) and the negative pressure vibration sorting device (6).
8. The household garbage-oriented resource utilization system as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
and manual sorting platforms are arranged on two sides of the conveying equipment (2) between the closed chain plate distributing machine (1) and the strong feeding plate hammering equipment (3) and used for sorting out materials which cannot enter the strong feeding plate hammering equipment (3).
9. The household garbage-oriented resource utilization system as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
a magnetic separation device is arranged on the conveying device (2) between the closed chain plate distributing machine (1) and the strong feeding plate hammering device (3) and is used for sorting out ferrous metals;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and magnetic separation equipment is arranged on the conveying equipment (2) between the strong feeding plate hammering equipment (3) and the first roller screen (4) and is used for sorting out ferrous metals.
10. A household garbage-oriented resource utilization method, characterized by adopting the household garbage-oriented resource utilization system according to any one of claims 4 to 9, and comprising the steps of:
s1, starting a resource utilization system, enabling the household garbage to enter a closed chain plate distributing machine (1) through a feeding hole, and transporting and uniformly distributing the piled household garbage on the closed chain plate distributing machine (1) by the closed chain plate distributing machine (1); and the dust generated in the closed chain plate distributing machine (1) is subjected to air purification;
s2, the uniformly distributed household garbage enters conveying equipment (2) through an outlet of a closed chain plate distributor (1) and is conveyed to strong feeding plate hammering equipment (3);
s3, crushing the household garbage by the strong feeding plate hammering device (3), and discharging the materials with the particle size below the first particle size; and the dust generated in the strong feeding plate hammering device (3) is subjected to air purification;
s4, conveying the crushed household garbage into a conveying device (2) through an outlet of a strong feeding plate hammering device (3) and conveying the household garbage to a first roller screen (4);
s5, dividing the materials into three types according to the particle size in the first roller screen (4);
conveying the materials with the particle size larger than the first particle size to return to the strong feeding plate hammering equipment (3) for secondary crushing;
conveying the materials with the particle size smaller than the third particle size to the first magnetic vortex separation equipment (5), separating out metals, and collecting the residual humus soil for later use;
sending the materials with the third particle size to the second particle size to a negative pressure vibration sorting device (6);
wherein the first particle size is larger than the second particle size and larger than the third particle size; and the dust generated in the first roller screen (4) is subjected to air purification;
s6, scattering the sorted materials in a negative pressure vibration sorting device (6) through vibration, and separating the materials into light materials and heavy materials according to the principle of negative pressure conveying, wherein the light materials enter a conveying pipeline from the top under the action of negative pressure and are conveyed to a light material processing line for processing; conveying the heavy materials from a discharge port at the lower part to a heavy material processing line for processing under the action of gravity;
s7, the light materials separated by the negative pressure vibration enter a cyclone spiral discharger (71), the light materials are separated by the action of centrifugal force, and the air with the oil sludge dust is discharged outside; the separated light materials are further sent to a friction drying and scattering device (72), the light materials are rubbed with each other at a high speed through a blade rotating at a high speed, and hot air with a preset temperature is introduced in the rubbing process, so that the light materials are scattered and dried fully; the light materials after being scattered and dried enter a double-friction dry cleaning machine (73) for further dry cleaning, dust and rust attached to the surface of the light materials are removed, and air purification is carried out on the dust generated in the double-friction dry cleaning machine (73); then sorting the metals by a second magnetic vortex sorting device (74), reducing the content of the metals, improving the purity of the light materials, and conveying the light materials to a polymerization production device for polymerization production;
s8, carrying out magnetic vortex separation on heavy materials separated by negative pressure vibration in a third magnetic vortex separation device (81), separating iron, stainless steel and nonferrous metals, conveying the residual impurities to an inclined plate elastic separation device (82), and separating the materials into three types, namely light materials, medium light materials and heavy materials according to the principle that different materials have different elasticity; the medium and light materials are further crushed by a second crusher (83), the crushed fine materials are conveyed to inclined plate elastic sorting equipment (82) for elastic sorting, the rubber elastic materials are sorted out, the rest plastics are conveyed to plastic processing equipment, and the plastics are dried and electrically sorted into a plurality of parts; the heavy objects are crushed by a second crusher (83), and then are sieved to separate plastic and masonry.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114210717A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2022-03-22 | 巨锋 | Recycling treatment method for old garbage |
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