CN110896700A - Oriental lily seedball recycling method - Google Patents
Oriental lily seedball recycling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110896700A CN110896700A CN201911182707.8A CN201911182707A CN110896700A CN 110896700 A CN110896700 A CN 110896700A CN 201911182707 A CN201911182707 A CN 201911182707A CN 110896700 A CN110896700 A CN 110896700A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of horticultural plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for recycling oriental lily seedballs, in particular to a method for recycling second-generation seedballs. The method comprises the following steps: 1) performing root irrigation treatment by using a bactericide 7 days before the cut flowers of the first generation seedball are harvested, keeping the soil moist after harvesting, and harvesting the seedball after the seedball grows in the field for 2 weeks; 2) digging up second-generation seed balls, grading and cleaning the second-generation seed balls, then disinfecting and killing mites on the seed balls by heat treatment, and spreading bulbs on a shady and cool and ventilated place for 2-3 d to naturally dry in the shade; 3) wrapping the surface of the bulb with peat as a substrate, and wrapping the surface of the bulb with a plastic bag with small holes for moisturizing; 4) putting the seed balls into a refrigeration house for storage; 5) unfreezing at any time according to planting requirements, and carrying out disinfection and mite killing treatment on the seed balls before planting. The method has the advantages of solving the problem of low utilization rate of the second generation seed balls of oriental lilies, providing a method for recycling the second generation seed balls, having the advantages of safety, greenness and less pollution, and effectively improving the utilization rate of the second generation seed balls.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of horticultural plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a utilization method of oriental lily seedballs, in particular to a reutilization method of second-generation oriental lily seedballs.
Background
Lily is one of the world's famous six cut flowers. China is one of the original producing areas of lily, has rich germplasm resources, and has more than 2000 years of lily cultivation history. Oriental lily is the most important species of cut-flower lily in the world at present, but the first generation seed balls of oriental lily in China mainly depend on foreign import, the seed balls are expensive, the production cost of the cut-flower lily is higher, and the development of the cut-flower lily industry is greatly restricted. In order to reduce the production cost of the cut flowers, the method for improving the utilization rate of the lily bulbs is the most effective method.
In the production process of the second-generation lily seedballs, the important links of harvesting, cleaning, grading, sterilizing, killing insects, refrigerating, dormancy removal, flower bud differentiation and the like are generally adopted, wherein the prevention and control of lily diseases and insect pests are a key link for determining whether the second-generation lily seedballs can be reused. The lily seedball is very susceptible to penicillium, fusarium oxysporum and the like in the planting process and is also easily damaged by rhizomorpha rubescens, root-knot nematodes and the like, so that the pest and disease treatment of the seedball is slightly improper, and the utilization rate of the second-generation seedball is obviously reduced.
At present, the production of China mainly adopts the mixed treatment of various bactericides and pesticides to control the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests. However, the treatment of large-range and large-dose medicament can not only cause the disease and insect to generate drug resistance, but also aggravate the environmental pollution, especially the acaricide is mostly of high toxicity and has been prohibited in production. Compared with medicament treatment, hot water treatment has the advantages of safety, greenness and no pollution. However, improper heat treatment, such as too high a temperature or too long a treatment time, can affect the storage and subsequent growth and development of the lily bulb. Therefore, the optimum treatment temperature and treatment time can ensure that the insecticidal and bactericidal effects are optimal, and the growth and development of the lily are not influenced, so that the second generation lily seedball can be safely, greenly and efficiently recycled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of low utilization rate of second-generation seed balls of oriental lilies, and provides a method for recycling the second-generation seed balls of oriental lilies.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme, and the invention comprises the following steps:
1. one week before the cut flower of the first generation seedball is harvested, root irrigation treatment is carried out by using 600-time liquid of low-toxicity and low-residue thiophanate methyl, chlorothalonil or carbendazim, 1-2 leaves are kept as much as possible during the cut flower harvesting, the soil is kept moist after the harvesting, the seedball is timely harvested according to production needs, and the general seedball can be harvested after 2 weeks of in-ground growth time.
2. After digging up the second-generation seed balls from the ground, grading and cleaning the second-generation seed balls, soaking the second-generation seed balls in hot water at 48 ℃ for 3min, taking out the seed balls, cooling the seed balls, repeating the soaking for three times, soaking the seed balls in hot water at 45 ℃ for 30min, performing sterilization and acarid killing treatment on the seed balls, spreading the bulbs, placing the bulbs in a shade and ventilated place for 2-3 days, and drying the bulbs in the shade under natural conditions.
3. The bulbs are uniformly buried in sterile peat soil (preferably imported sterile peat) with humidity of 70%, and wrapped with plastic bags with holes for moisture preservation.
4. And (3) placing the sterilized and acaricidal seed balls into a refrigeration house for storage, after gradient cooling for one week, storing the seed balls for 6-7 weeks at the temperature of 3-5 ℃, and then performing long-term refrigeration storage at the temperature of 0-minus 2 ℃ until the surface of the matrix is frozen, but the temperature can not be lower than minus 2 ℃, so as to prevent the freezing injury of the seed balls.
5. According to the planting requirement, the lily bulbs can be thawed at any time, and the thawing temperature is 3-5 ℃. After thawing, soaking the seedball for 30min by using 700 times of 500 times of bactericide (thiophanate methyl, chlorothalonil or carbendazim), and airing to plant. And cultivating and managing the lily seedballs of the same generation.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the lily bulbs are sterilized and acarid-removed by warm water treatment, and have the advantages of safety, greenness, no pollution and the like compared with the traditional medicament treatment.
2. The invention greatly reduces the occurrence of mould and the harm of the red foot root mites in the storage process of the lily bulbs, and the detection shows that the incidence rate of the blue mould is lower than 5 percent and the incidence rate of the red foot root mites is lower than 2 percent, thereby improving the quality of the second-generation lily bulbs, prolonging the storage time of the lily bulbs and greatly saving the production cost.
3. The method is simple and practical, is easy to operate, and provides technical support for large-scale production of the oriental lily bulbs.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
cleaning the soil on the surface of the second-generation lily ball collected from the acarus tetragonolobus generating area, removing dried scales on the surface, and airing in a cool place for later use. 6 processing modes are set: soaking in 48 deg.C hot water for 3min, cooling, repeating for three times, and soaking in 42 deg.C hot water for 30min (treatment number T1) and 60min (treatment number T2); soaking in 48 deg.C hot water for 3min, cooling, repeating for three times, and soaking in 45 deg.C hot water for 30min (treatment number is T3); 60min (treatment No. T4); soaking in hot water at 40 deg.C for 2h (treatment number T5); and soaking in clear water at normal temperature (25 ℃) for 1h (treatment number is T6). Each treatment was repeated 3 times with 100 bulbs. And (4) placing the bulbs in a shady and cool ventilating place for 2-3 days after treatment, and airing. The bulbs of each group were uniformly buried in peat soil mixed with a bactericide and having a relative humidity of 70%, wrapped with a plastic film having small holes for moisture retention, and stored in a controlled atmosphere storage at 5 ℃. And 3 months later, taking out the seed balls, observing the occurrence conditions of the Rhizopus erythraea and the penicillium, and planting and observing the growth conditions of the lilies. The results show that: soaking in 48 deg.C hot water for 3min, cooling, repeating for three times, and soaking in 45 deg.C hot water for 30min (numbered T3) to effectively inhibit incidence of Penicillium and Rhizopus erythraeus, and promote high growth and early flowering of Bulbus Lilii. See table 1.
TABLE 1 control Effect of Heat treatment on Rhizopus spiniferus and Penicillium notatum
Note: the inclusion of different lower case letters in the same column of data indicates significant differences at the 0.05 level; different capital letters indicate significant differences at the 0.01 level.
TABLE 2 Effect of different heat treatments on the morphology of Lily plants (full bloom period)
Note: the inclusion of different capital letters in the same column of data indicates significant differences at the 0.01 level.
Example 2:
the specific steps of the examples are as follows:
1. one week before the cut flower of a generation of lily (the variety is Sobang, a commercially available variety, the invention is implemented, but not limited to the variety) seed balls are harvested, root irrigation treatment is carried out by using 600-fold liquid of thiophanate methyl, chlorothalonil or carbendazim, 1-2 leaves are kept as much as possible during the cut flower harvesting, the soil is kept moist after the harvesting, the seed balls are harvested in time according to production needs, and the general seed balls can be harvested after 2 weeks of growth in the ground.
2. After digging up the second-generation seed balls from the ground, grading and cleaning the second-generation seed balls, soaking the second-generation seed balls in hot water at 48 ℃ for 3min, taking out the seed balls, cooling the seed balls, repeating the soaking for three times, soaking the seed balls in hot water at 45 ℃ for 30min, carrying out sterilization and acarid killing treatment on the seed balls, spreading the bulbs in a shade and ventilated place for 2-3 days, and drying the bulbs in the shade under natural conditions.
3. The bulbs are uniformly buried in sterile imported peat soil with the humidity of 70 percent, and wrapped by plastic bags with small holes for moisture preservation.
4. And (3) placing the disinfected and acaricidal seed balls into a refrigeration house for storage, performing gradient cooling for one week, then performing refrigeration for 6-7 weeks at 3-5 ℃, and then performing long-term refrigeration storage at 0-minus 2 ℃. The standard is that the surface of the substrate is frozen preferably, and the temperature is not lower than-2 ℃ to prevent the freezing injury of the seed balls.
5. The seed balls can be thawed at any time according to planting requirements, and the thawing temperature is 3-5 ℃. After thawing, soaking the seedball in 500-700 times of a bactericide (such as thiophanate methyl, chlorothalonil or carbendazim) for 30min, and airing to plant. The cultivation management method is used for planting lily bulbs in the same generation.
Claims (1)
1. A recycling method of oriental lily seed balls is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) performing root irrigation treatment by using a bactericide 7 days before the cut flowers of the first generation seedball are harvested, and keeping the soil moist after harvesting; harvesting the seedballs after 2 weeks of field growth, and reserving 1-2 leaves when harvesting the cut flowers;
2) digging second-generation seed balls from the field, grading and cleaning, then disinfecting and killing mites on the seed balls by heat treatment, spreading the disinfected and killed bulbs, placing the bulbs in a shady and cool ventilated place for 2 to 3 days, and naturally drying in the shade;
3) wrapping the surface of the bulb with a matrix, and wrapping the surface of the bulb with a plastic bag with small holes for moisturizing;
4) putting the seed balls into a refrigeration house for storage;
5) unfreezing at any time according to planting requirements, and carrying out disinfection and mite killing treatment on the seed balls before planting;
wherein:
the root irrigation treatment in the step 1) is to irrigate roots with 700 times of bactericide thiophanate methyl or chlorothalonil or carbendazim 500-fold liquid before seed bulbs are harvested, and 1-2 leaves are reserved when cut flowers are harvested;
the heat treatment method of the seed balls in the step 2) comprises the steps of soaking the seed balls in hot water at 48 ℃ for 3min, taking out the seed balls for cooling, repeating the process for three times, and soaking the seed balls in the hot water at 45 ℃ for 30 min;
step 3), the substrate wrapping the seed balls is sterile peat soil with the relative humidity of 70%;
the seed balls in the step 4) are stored for 6-7 weeks at 3-5 ℃, and then are stored for a long time at 0-minus 2 ℃;
and 5) thawing the seed balls at the temperature of 3-5 ℃, and soaking the seed balls in 500-700 times of carbendazim solution for 30min before planting.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911182707.8A CN110896700A (en) | 2019-11-27 | 2019-11-27 | Oriental lily seedball recycling method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911182707.8A CN110896700A (en) | 2019-11-27 | 2019-11-27 | Oriental lily seedball recycling method |
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| CN110896700A true CN110896700A (en) | 2020-03-24 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112243631A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2021-01-22 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for rapidly breaking dormancy of green flower lily seed bulbs |
| CN113016387A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-06-25 | 何为 | Plastic package method for bulbous flower |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101189945A (en) * | 2007-08-13 | 2008-06-04 | 东莞市农业种子研究所 | Second generation bulb of oriental hybrid lilies using method |
| CN102484967A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2012-06-06 | 辽宁省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Breeding method for oriental lily seedball |
-
2019
- 2019-11-27 CN CN201911182707.8A patent/CN110896700A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101189945A (en) * | 2007-08-13 | 2008-06-04 | 东莞市农业种子研究所 | Second generation bulb of oriental hybrid lilies using method |
| CN102484967A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2012-06-06 | 辽宁省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Breeding method for oriental lily seedball |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 吴中军: "《花卉学实验实训教程》", 31 August 2014, 西南交通大学出版社 * |
| 周学青等: "《鲜切花栽培和保鲜技术》", 30 April 1994, 上海科学技术出版社 * |
| 许邦丽: "百合种球的采挖与贮藏", 《花卉》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112243631A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2021-01-22 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for rapidly breaking dormancy of green flower lily seed bulbs |
| CN113016387A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-06-25 | 何为 | Plastic package method for bulbous flower |
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Application publication date: 20200324 |