CN110862699A - 一种无水染色分散染料色浆、制备方法及用途 - Google Patents

一种无水染色分散染料色浆、制备方法及用途 Download PDF

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CN110862699A
CN110862699A CN201911198903.4A CN201911198903A CN110862699A CN 110862699 A CN110862699 A CN 110862699A CN 201911198903 A CN201911198903 A CN 201911198903A CN 110862699 A CN110862699 A CN 110862699A
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disperse dye
dyeing
anhydrous
color paste
surfactant
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CN110862699B (zh
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王际平
吴振华
裴刘军
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Haining Lvyu Textile Technology Co Ltd
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Haining Lvyu Textile Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to EP19953917.2A priority patent/EP4067438A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/126807 priority patent/WO2021103220A1/zh
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种无水染色的分散染料色浆，由如下重量分数的原料组成：分散染料滤饼10％‑40％、分散剂2％‑35％，助染剂5％‑20％，表面活性剂0.1％‑0.5％，溶剂20％‑88％。本发明的无水染色分散染料色浆粒径小，无水染色后，纺织品不含可裂解的致癌芳香胺偶氮染料，不含致敏染料，不含禁用芳香胺，不含生物活性物质。本发明的无水染色分散染料色浆储藏稳定时间可达6～12个月，有利染料的运输和染厂的生产管理，且应用纺织品后具有高固着率的染色效果。

Description

一种无水染色分散染料色浆、制备方法及用途
技术领域
本发明涉及一类液体分散染料及其制备方法和用途，属于染整领域。所述液体分散染料适用于涤纶及其混纺织物的染色，特别适用于无水染色工艺。
背景技术
染整行业是用水量最大的行业之一，平均每生产1t织物约耗水60～80t，不仅消耗宝贵的水资源，还造成大量的废水排放。进入二十一世纪以来，生态和环境已成为世人普遍关注的问题，染色用水显得尤为突出。其中产量最大的涤纶产品的染整加工为例，根据统计，2005年以来，我国对全球出口的服装达到平均每年300亿件，其中涤纶服装占50％以上。以平均每件1Kg计算，仅涤纶服装面料的染色耗水量和污水排放量就数以亿吨计。尽管在涤纶染色污染控制方面，人们作了种种努力，一方面是对加工工艺进行改进与革新，减少生产过程对水的污染；另一方面是对已产生的污水进行末端治理，投入了巨大的人力和财力，也取得了一定的效果，但因涤纶传统染色方法固有的不足，水污染状况难以根本改观。
无水染色工艺的出现很大程度上改变了这种现状，但是一般的粉状或液体分散染料在无水染色工艺中无法达到理想的染色效果，商品化的分散染料在无水染色体系中，染色后纤维带有一些色淀，主要原因是商品化的分散染料添加多种水浴染色体系的分散剂，且该分散剂在无水染色体系中不溶解，容易积聚在纺织品表面，从而造成较多的色点。另外，一般的液体分散染料稳定性不足随着存储时间的不断增加很容易产生沉淀。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种无水染色分散染料色浆，该色浆具有安全无毒、稳定性好、易储存、染色效果优良、染料利用率高等一系列的优点。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的目的是这样实现的：
本发明所涉及的一种无水染色分散染料色浆，基于所述分散染料色浆的总重量，包括如下组分：
重量百分比为10％-40％的分散染料滤饼，
重量百分比为2％-20％的分散剂，
重量百分比为5％-20％的助染剂，
重量百分比为0.1％-2％的表面活性剂，
重量百分比为20％-88％的溶剂。
在上述方案的基础上并作为上述方案的优选方案：所述溶剂为水、醇类、烷烃类、醚类、硅氧烷类、环丁砜中的一种；所述醇类为乙二醇、丙二醇、二甘醇中一种或几种混合；所述烷烃类为异辛烷、石蜡、白油中的一种或几种混合；所述醚类为苯甲醚或苯乙醚。
在上述方案的基础上并作为上述方案的优选方案：所述分散剂为萘磺酸甲醛缩合物、烷基萘磺酸甲醛缩合物、苄基萘磺酸甲醛缩合物、木质素磺酸盐、多元羧酸酯、改性聚氨酯、烷基胺盐聚合物中的一种或几种的组合。
在上述方案的基础上并作为上述方案的优选方案：所述助染剂为乙醇，丙三醇，乙酸乙酯，丁内酯中的一种或两种以上的组合。
在上述方案的基础上并作为上述方案的优选方案：所述表面活性剂为消泡剂、乳化剂中的一种或两种的组合。
本发明所涉及的一种制备无水染色分散染料色浆的方法，具体包括一下步骤：
将分散染料滤饼、分散剂、助染剂、表面活性剂、去离子水按比例采用研磨设备进行混合、研磨处理，制成液体分散染料。
在上述方案的基础上并作为上述方案的优选方案：研磨后的粒径为0.1-1um。
本发明涉及一种无水染色分散染料色浆用于纺织品染色的用途。
在上述方案的基础上并作为上述方案的优选方案：所述纺织品为疏水性纤维及其混纺织物。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明的液体分散染料色浆色浆粒径小，染色后，纺织品不含可裂解的致癌芳香胺偶氮染料，不含致敏染料，不含禁用芳香胺，不含生物活性物质。该分散染料色浆储藏稳定时间可达6～12个月，有利染料的运输和染厂的生产管理，且应用纺织品后具有高固着率的染色效果。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进一步说明。
实施例1
将200g分散红167、40g多元羧酸酯、4g消泡剂、756g去离子水混合先经过预分散再加入到砂磨机中研磨得到分散红167分散染料色浆。研磨后的粒径的范围为0.1-1um。
实施例2
将200g分散红167、40g烷基胺盐、200g乙酸乙酯、4g消泡剂、556g去离子水混合先经过预分散再加入到砂磨机中研磨得到分散红167分散染料色浆。研磨后的粒径的范围为0.1-1um。
对比例1
将200g分散红167、40g平平加O、4g消泡剂、756g水混合先经过预分散再加入到砂磨机中研磨得到分散红167分散染料色浆。
对比例2
将200g分散红167、40gCNF、4g消泡剂、756g水混合先经过预分散再加入到砂磨机中研磨得到分散红167分散染料色浆。
将实施例1-2、对比例1-2的分散染料色浆进行性能测试，具体方法如下：观察实施例1-2和对比例1-2染料的沉淀情况，并对沉淀时间进行对比。
使用实施例1-2，对比例1-2和同组分的粉状染料以对纺织品重1％的用量按照无水染色的方法进行染色。实施例1-2、对比例1-2所使用的纺织品均由疏水性纤维所制备，具体为涤纶。
根据GB/T 8424-1987纺织品颜色和色差的测定方法均测定染后纺织品内外层差(以E表征，值越大层差越大)，以及纺织品内部有无染料堆积，具体数据见表1。
表1
沉淀时间 内外层差 内部染料堆积
实施例1 6个月 1-3 无
实施例2 6个月 0.2-0.8 无
对比例1 1个月内 4以上 有
对比例2 2个月内 4以上 有
粉状染料 / 4以上 有
实施例3至实施例10是按照表2的组成配方制备成无水染色分散染料色浆，并将染料、分散剂、助染剂、表面活性剂在溶剂中进行预分散并经研磨后到得无水染色分散染料色浆；研磨后的粒径范围为0.1-1um。
表2
Figure BDA0002295365140000051
在实施例3中，所使用的溶剂为水，所使用的分散剂为萘磺酸甲醛缩合物，助染剂所使用的为乙醇，所使用的表面活性剂为消泡剂。
在实施例4中，所使用的溶剂为醇类，具体为乙二醇；所使用的分散剂为烷基萘磺酸甲醛缩合物；所使用的助染剂为丙三醇，所使用的表面活性剂为消泡剂和乳化剂按照1：1的比例添加。
在实施例5中，所使用的溶剂为醇类，具体为丙二醇、二甘醇按照重量比1：3进行混合所得到。所使用的分散剂为烷基萘磺酸甲醛缩合物、苄基萘磺酸甲醛缩合物按照重量比1：2的比例混合制得。所使用的助染剂为乙酸乙酯，所使用的表面活性剂为乳化剂。
在实施例6中，所使用的溶剂为烷烃类，具体为异辛烷。所使用的分散剂为木质素磺酸盐、多元羧酸酯、改性聚氨酯按照重量比1：1：1的比例混合制得。所使用的助染剂为乙酸乙酯、丁内酯按照重量比1：2的比例混合所制得。所使用的表面活性剂为消泡剂。
在实施例7中，所使用的溶剂为烷烃类，具体为石蜡、白油按照重量比1：2的比例混合制得。所使用的分散剂为改性聚氨酯、烷基胺盐按照重量比1：1的比例混合的制得。所使用的助染剂为丁内酯，所使用的表面活性剂为消泡剂、乳化剂按照重量比1：2的比例混合制得。
在实施例8中，所使用的溶剂为醚类，可以是苯甲醚或苯乙醚，具体为苯甲醚。所使用的分散剂为萘磺酸甲醛缩合物、木质素磺酸盐、多元羧酸酯按照重量比1：2：2的比例混合制得。所使用的助染剂为乙醇，丙三醇，乙酸乙酯按照重量比1：1：2的比例混合制得。所使用的表面活性剂为消泡剂。
在实施例9中，所使用的溶剂为环丁砜。所使用的分散剂为多元羧酸酯、改性聚氨酯按照重量比1：1的比例混合制得。所使用的助染剂为丙三醇，乙酸乙酯，丁内酯按照重量比1：1：1的比例混合制得。所使用的表面活性剂为消泡剂。
在实施例10中，所使用的溶剂为硅氧烷类。所使用的分散剂为苄基萘磺酸甲醛缩合物。所使用的助染剂为乙酸乙酯，所使用的表面活性剂为乳化剂。
使用实施例3-10对纺织品重1％的用量按照无水染色的方法进行染色。实施例3、实施例4所对应使用的纺织品均由疏水性纤维所制备，具体为尼龙。实施例5、6所对应使用的纺织品由涤纶和尼龙混合纱线所制备。实施例7、实施例8所对应使用的纺织品为涤纶与棉纤维混合纱线所制备。实施例9、实施例10所对应使用的纺织品为包芯纱所制备，所使用的包芯纱是以涤纶与棉纤维混纺纱为包覆层、T400弹性长丝为芯纱。
采用与实施例1-2相同的方法测试实施例3-10的分散染料色浆的性能，具体数据见表3。
表3
实施例 沉淀时间 内外层差 内部染料堆积
实施例3 6个月 0.2-0.8 无
实施例4 6个月 0.1-0.8 无
实施例5 6个月 0.1-0.8 无
实施例6 6个月 0.2-0.8 无
实施例7 6个月 0.2-0.8 无
实施例8 6个月 0.1-0.8 无
实施例9 6个月 0.1-0.8 无
实施例10 6个月 0.1-0.8 无
由表1可知，使用本发明的配方和制作工艺得到的分散染料色浆相比于传统液体染料大大的延长出现沉淀的时间，这极大的方便了染料的储存和运输。并且使用本发明的配方和制作工艺得到的染料在无水染色工艺中有更好的匀染性。
由表3可知，本发明的配方和制作工艺适用于不同颜色的分散染料色浆，能满足生产过程中对不同颜色的需求。
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解，本领域的普通技术人员无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思做出诸多修改和变化。因此，凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。

Claims (9)

1.一种无水染色分散染料色浆，其特征在于，基于所述分散染料色浆的总重量，包括如下组分：
重量百分比为10％-40％的分散染料滤饼，
重量百分比为2％-20％的分散剂，
重量百分比为5％-20％的助染剂，
重量百分比为0.1％-2％的表面活性剂，
重量百分比为20％-88％的溶剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的无水染色分散染料色浆，其特征在于，所述溶剂为水、醇类、烷烃类、醚类、硅氧烷类、环丁砜中的一种；所述醇类为乙二醇、丙二醇、二甘醇中一种或几种混合；所述烷烃类为异辛烷、石蜡、白油中的一种或几种混合；所述醚类为苯甲醚或苯乙醚。
3.根据权利要求1所述的无水染色分散染料色浆，其特征在于，所述分散剂为萘磺酸甲醛缩合物、烷基萘磺酸甲醛缩合物、苄基萘磺酸甲醛缩合物、木质素磺酸盐、多元羧酸酯、改性聚氨酯、烷基胺盐聚合物中的一种或几种的组合。
4.根据权利要求1所述的无水染色分散染料色浆，其特征在于，所述助染剂为乙醇，丙三醇，乙酸乙酯，丁内酯中的一种或两种以上的组合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的无水染色分散染料色浆，其特征在于，所述表面活性剂为消泡剂、乳化剂中的一种或两种的组合。
6.一种制备如权利要求1至5任一项所述无水染色分散染料色浆的方法，其特征在于，具体包括以下步骤：
将分散染料滤饼、分散剂、助染剂、表面活性剂、去离子水按比例采用研磨设备进行混合、研磨处理，制成液体分散染料。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法，其特征在于，研磨后的粒径为0.1-1um。
8.一种如权利要求1至5任一项所述的无水染色分散染料色浆用于纺织品染色的用途。
9.如权利要求8所述的无水染色分散染料色浆的用途，其特征在于，所述纺织品为疏水性纤维及其混纺织物。
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