CN110833193A - 一种利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备双歧杆菌胶囊的方法 - Google Patents
一种利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备双歧杆菌胶囊的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备双歧杆菌胶囊的方法,属于食品加工领域;本发明的目的在利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备出双歧杆菌胶囊,具体是以香蕉皮水不溶性膳食纤维、海藻酸钠、卡拉胶、低聚果糖为复合材料为壁材制备双歧杆菌微胶囊,使该双歧杆菌胶囊在胃液、高胆汁盐溶液中均具有较好的耐受性,最大限度地保持菌体的生物活性,为工业化生产活菌制剂提供技术支持。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备双歧杆菌胶囊的方法,属于食品加工领域。
背景技术
双歧杆菌是人体肠道中的益生菌,其制品的益生作用比单纯服用双歧因子制剂效果更好,但活菌数需超过106 CFU/g 或106 CFU/ mL 才能有效地发挥作用。然而,双歧杆菌对氧、酸性环境极为敏感,保持活性较困难。此外,胃液中较低的pH 值和氧化还原电位、小肠中的高浓度胆汁溶液都会使其活性大幅度降低。微胶囊技术是一种能保持益生菌存活率的方法,可提高益生菌在加工、储藏及通过人体消化道期间对氧、胃酸和胆汁的耐受性。微胶囊壁材的选择对于微胶囊产品的性能起决定性作用,在制备益生菌微胶囊过程中使用单一壁材,难以达到微胶囊化的所有要求。研究表明使用复合壁材包埋双歧杆菌可增加其存活率,在微胶囊制备过程中具有特定优势。因此,深入研究复合微胶囊对益生菌的保护作用十分必要。
已有研究证实,以海藻酸钠和壳聚糖为壁材, 制备出的双歧杆菌微胶囊在胃酸耐受性和稳定性上较游离的菌液均有所提高。也有学者采用羧甲基壳聚糖和海藻酸盐为壁材制备长双歧杆菌BIOMA5920 微胶囊,结果显示,用复合壁材比用单一壁材制备的微胶囊在包埋率、肠溶性等方面更好。这些研究表明复合壁材用于益生菌微胶囊的制备,具有包埋率高,肠溶性好,稳定性高,耐受性强等特点。但现有复合壁材制备的微胶囊仍存在定向释放困难、菌体成活率低、粒径均一性较差等不足,亟需探索具有提高活菌率、定向释放特性、良好均一性的新型复合壁材。膳食纤维根据溶解性的不同可分为水不溶性膳食纤维和水溶性膳食纤维。水不溶性膳食纤维的主要成分是纤维素、半纤维素、木质素,在胃中不能被消化吸收,而在肠道里面可被菌群降解利用,可作为益生菌的微胶囊壁材,有望实现益生菌在肠道的定向释放。此外,膳食纤维中的多糖成分可充当益生菌的营养物质,起到培养基的作用,提高活菌率。因此,水不溶性膳食纤维作为益生菌微胶囊的壁材具有独特的优势。但单独使用水不溶性膳食纤维凝胶性能较差,结合海藻酸钠和卡拉胶作为微胶囊的壁材,可增加其包埋率和肠溶性。
针对上述问题,本发明拟采用香蕉皮水不溶性膳食纤维-海藻酸钠-卡拉胶为复合壁材包埋双歧杆菌BB12,同时在芯材中添加低聚果糖作为益生元,进一步提高益生菌的存活率。本方案行业内鲜有报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于开发出一种利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备双歧杆菌胶囊的方法,利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备出双歧杆菌胶囊,具体是以香蕉皮水不溶性膳食纤维、海藻酸钠、卡拉胶、低聚果糖为复合材料为壁材制备双歧杆菌微胶囊,使该双歧杆菌胶囊在胃液、高胆汁盐溶液中均具有较好的耐受性,最大限度地保持菌体的生物活性,为工业化生产活菌制剂提供技术支持。
为了达到上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备双歧杆菌胶囊的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)菌种活化:将121℃灭菌15 min 后的MRS 液体培养基冷却,然后在培养基中按0.1%的量接种保存于-20℃下的双歧杆菌BB12,37℃恒温培养24~36 h,进行活化;
(2)菌悬液制备:将已活化至第三代的双歧杆菌菌液在4℃下离心(4000 r/min,10min)后,除去上清液,收集菌泥,再加入与培养液等体积(30 mL)的生理盐水混合均匀后备用;
(3)复合壁材溶液的制备:按照特定重量份称取一定质量的海藻酸钠和卡拉胶,加入5mL pH 6.5 的无菌PBS 缓冲液,置于75~85℃水浴溶解,然后加入香蕉皮水不溶性膳食纤维,搅拌均匀,紫外灯照射30 min,此为壁材溶液,备用;
(4)微胶囊的制备:将一定浓度的低聚果糖溶液和双歧杆菌菌悬液以1:1(v/v)的比例混合,此为芯材溶液,取制备好的芯材溶液5 mL,加入等体积的壁材溶液,混合均匀,用10mL 注射器将混合液喷射到60 mL 5% CaCl2 溶液中,用磁力搅拌器搅拌一定时间,形成胶囊,过滤,并用蒸馏水将胶囊冲洗3 次,即得湿胶囊;
(5)干燥:将湿胶囊置于-80℃冷冻干燥24~48 h,可制得冻干微胶囊。
所述各组分的重量份为:香蕉皮水不溶性膳食纤维30~60份、海藻酸钠2~8份、卡拉胶5~10份、低聚果糖2~8份、双歧杆菌菌悬液2~8份。
本发明具有如下优点:
本发明开发的双歧杆菌胶囊在胃液、高胆汁盐溶液中均具有较好的耐受性,最大限度地保持菌体的生物活性,为工业化生产活菌制剂提供技术支持。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明,这些实施例仅用来说明本发明,并不限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
一种利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备双歧杆菌胶囊的方法,各组分的重量份为:
香蕉皮水不溶性膳食纤维45份、海藻酸钠6份、卡拉胶8份、低聚果糖3份、双歧杆菌菌悬液3份。
一种利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备双歧杆菌胶囊的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)菌种活化:将121℃灭菌15 min 后的MRS 液体培养基冷却,然后在培养基中按0.1%的量接种保存于-20℃下的双歧杆菌BB12,37℃恒温培养24 h,进行活化;
(2)菌悬液制备:将已活化至第三代的双歧杆菌菌液在4℃下离心(4000 r/min,10min)后,除去上清液,收集菌泥,再加入与培养液等体积(30 mL)的生理盐水混合均匀后备用;
(3)复合壁材溶液的制备:按照特定重量份称取一定质量的海藻酸钠和卡拉胶,加入5mL pH 6.5 的无菌PBS 缓冲液,置于75℃水浴溶解,然后加入香蕉皮水不溶性膳食纤维,搅拌均匀,紫外灯照射30 min,此为壁材溶液,备用;
(4)微胶囊的制备:将一定浓度的低聚果糖溶液和双歧杆菌菌悬液以1:1(v/v)的比例混合,此为芯材溶液,取制备好的芯材溶液5 mL,加入等体积的壁材溶液,混合均匀,用10mL 注射器将混合液喷射到60 mL 5% CaCl2 溶液中,用磁力搅拌器搅拌一定时间,形成胶囊,过滤,并用蒸馏水将胶囊冲洗3 次,即得湿胶囊;
(5)干燥:将湿胶囊置于-80℃冷冻干燥24 h,可制得冻干微胶囊。
实施例2
一种利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备双歧杆菌胶囊的方法,各组分的重量份为:
香蕉皮水不溶性膳食纤维60份、海藻酸钠4份、卡拉胶5份、低聚果糖8份、双歧杆菌菌悬液5份。
一种利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备双歧杆菌胶囊的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)菌种活化:将121℃灭菌15 min 后的MRS 液体培养基冷却,然后在培养基中按0.1%的量接种保存于-20℃下的双歧杆菌BB12,37℃恒温培养36 h,进行活化;
(2)菌悬液制备:将已活化至第三代的双歧杆菌菌液在4℃下离心(4000 r/min,10min)后,除去上清液,收集菌泥,再加入与培养液等体积(30 mL)的生理盐水混合均匀后备用;
(3)复合壁材溶液的制备:按照特定重量份称取一定质量的海藻酸钠和卡拉胶,加入5mL pH 6.5 的无菌PBS 缓冲液,置于80℃水浴溶解,然后加入香蕉皮水不溶性膳食纤维,搅拌均匀,紫外灯照射30 min,此为壁材溶液,备用;
(4)微胶囊的制备:将一定浓度的低聚果糖溶液和双歧杆菌菌悬液以1:1(v/v)的比例混合,此为芯材溶液,取制备好的芯材溶液5 mL,加入等体积的壁材溶液,混合均匀,用10mL 注射器将混合液喷射到60 mL 5% CaCl2 溶液中,用磁力搅拌器搅拌一定时间,形成胶囊,过滤,并用蒸馏水将胶囊冲洗3 次,即得湿胶囊;
(5)干燥:将湿胶囊置于-80℃冷冻干燥48 h,可制得冻干微胶囊。
实施例3
一种利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备双歧杆菌胶囊的方法,各组分的重量份为:
香蕉皮水不溶性膳食纤维50份、海藻酸钠6份、卡拉胶6份、低聚果糖5份、双歧杆菌菌悬液4份。
一种利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备双歧杆菌胶囊的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)菌种活化:将121℃灭菌15 min 后的MRS 液体培养基冷却,然后在培养基中按0.1%的量接种保存于-20℃下的双歧杆菌BB12,37℃恒温培养36 h,进行活化;
(2)菌悬液制备:将已活化至第三代的双歧杆菌菌液在4℃下离心(4000 r/min,10min)后,除去上清液,收集菌泥,再加入与培养液等体积(30 mL)的生理盐水混合均匀后备用;
(3)复合壁材溶液的制备:按照特定重量份称取一定质量的海藻酸钠和卡拉胶,加入5mL pH 6.5 的无菌PBS 缓冲液,置于85℃水浴溶解,然后加入香蕉皮水不溶性膳食纤维,搅拌均匀,紫外灯照射30 min,此为壁材溶液,备用;
(4)微胶囊的制备:将一定浓度的低聚果糖溶液和双歧杆菌菌悬液以1:1(v/v)的比例混合,此为芯材溶液,取制备好的芯材溶液5 mL,加入等体积的壁材溶液,混合均匀,用10mL 注射器将混合液喷射到60 mL 5% CaCl2 溶液中,用磁力搅拌器搅拌一定时间,形成胶囊,过滤,并用蒸馏水将胶囊冲洗3 次,即得湿胶囊;
(5)干燥:将湿胶囊置于-80℃冷冻干燥36h,可制得冻干微胶囊。
实施例4
一种利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备双歧杆菌胶囊的方法,各组分的重量份为:
香蕉皮水不溶性膳食纤维40份、海藻酸钠8份、卡拉胶5份、低聚果糖4份、双歧杆菌菌悬液3份。
一种利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备双歧杆菌胶囊的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)菌种活化:将121℃灭菌15 min 后的MRS 液体培养基冷却,然后在培养基中按0.1%的量接种保存于-20℃下的双歧杆菌BB12,37℃恒温培养36 h,进行活化;
(2)菌悬液制备:将已活化至第三代的双歧杆菌菌液在4℃下离心(4000 r/min,10min)后,除去上清液,收集菌泥,再加入与培养液等体积(30 mL)的生理盐水混合均匀后备用;
(3)复合壁材溶液的制备:按照特定重量份称取一定质量的海藻酸钠和卡拉胶,加入5mL pH 6.5 的无菌PBS 缓冲液,置于85℃水浴溶解,然后加入香蕉皮水不溶性膳食纤维,搅拌均匀,紫外灯照射30 min,此为壁材溶液,备用;
(4)微胶囊的制备:将一定浓度的低聚果糖溶液和双歧杆菌菌悬液以1:1(v/v)的比例混合,此为芯材溶液,取制备好的芯材溶液5 mL,加入等体积的壁材溶液,混合均匀,用10mL 注射器将混合液喷射到60 mL 5% CaCl2 溶液中,用磁力搅拌器搅拌一定时间,形成胶囊,过滤,并用蒸馏水将胶囊冲洗3 次,即得湿胶囊;
(5)干燥:将湿胶囊置于-80℃冷冻干燥48 h,可制得冻干微胶囊。
Claims (5)
1.一种利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备双歧杆菌胶囊的方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
(1)菌种活化:将121℃灭菌15 min 后的MRS 液体培养基冷却,然后在培养基中按0.1%的量接种保存于-20℃下的双歧杆菌BB12,37℃恒温培养24~36 h,进行活化;
(2)菌悬液制备:将已活化至第三代的双歧杆菌菌液在4℃下离心后,除去上清液,收集菌泥,再加入与培养液等体积的生理盐水混合均匀后备用;
(3)复合壁材溶液的制备:称取一定质量的海藻酸钠和卡拉胶,加入5 mL 的无菌PBS缓冲液,置于75~85℃水浴溶解,然后加入香蕉皮水不溶性膳食纤维,搅拌均匀,紫外灯照射30 min,此为壁材溶液,备用;
(4)微胶囊的制备:将一定浓度的低聚果糖溶液和双歧杆菌菌悬液以体积比1:1的比例混合,此为芯材溶液,取制备好的芯材溶液5 mL,加入等体积的壁材溶液,混合均匀,用10mL 注射器将混合液喷射到60 mL 5% CaCl2 溶液中,用磁力搅拌器搅拌一定时间,形成胶囊,过滤,并用蒸馏水将胶囊冲洗3 次,即得湿胶囊;
(5)干燥:将湿胶囊置于-80℃冷冻干燥24~48 h,可制得冻干微胶囊。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备双歧杆菌胶囊的方法,其特征在于:所述各组分的重量份为:香蕉皮水不溶性膳食纤维30~60份、海藻酸钠2~8份、卡拉胶5~10份、低聚果糖2~8份、双歧杆菌菌悬液2~8份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备双歧杆菌胶囊的方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)所述的离心条件为转速4000 r/min,时间10 min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备双歧杆菌胶囊的方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)所述的无菌PBS 缓冲液 pH 为6.5 。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用香蕉皮不溶性纤维制备双歧杆菌胶囊的方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)所述的 CaCl2 溶液为5%。
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